Supercapacitor Energy Storage Research Articles

A facile synthesis of novel binder-free NiSe-SnSe electrode: With enhanced electrochemical performance and superior life span

Fossil fuels depletion and deteriorating environmental conditions have deepened the growing demand for new energy solution. The bimetallic transition metal selenides, which a smaller bandgap and greater electrical conductivity than nanometals, are the subject of recent research on hybrid supercapacitors, composite systems integrating battery-like energy storage capability with capacitive charging. Herein, a new binder NiSe-SnSe composite system for supercapacitors has been developed through facile hydrothermal method, and its structural features, morphological characteristics as well as electrochemical properties are systematically studies in this work. Additionally, a thorough understanding of the electrode physicochemical properties are presented. Practically, a NiSe-SnSe||AC|KOH ASC had excellent specific capacitance (618 F/g at 1 A g−1), mainly owing to fast charge transport in electrochemical action. More importantly, the NiSe-SnSe||AC|KOH ASC electrode exhibits a high specific power of 8400 W kg−1 at a high specific energy of 55.4 Wh kg−1 with remarkable cycling stability by 96.4 % maintenance of initial capacitance after 5500 cycles. Our findings provide a profound understanding and possible use of this newly developed asymmetric supercapacitor in energy storage.

Design and Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Power Generation Light Emitting Diode Device

This research focuses on an independent photovoltaic power generation system with supercapacitor energy storage as the study subject. The model is simplified, and the photovoltaic power generation light emitting diode (LED) device is designed based on the given parameters. This system selects a Boost-type step-up converter for the supercapacitor charging circuit, capable of achieving Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). The supercapacitor discharge circuit employs an LM2596 series regulator to power the rated load LED (12 V, 1 W), providing good linear regulation capability. In designing other hardware components of the device, the characteristics of a photoresistor are utilized to implement an automatic load switch circuit. An efficient single-chip integrated circuit LM2575 series is used as a regulator to convert the voltage across the supercapacitor terminals to +15 V and +5 V. Considering the need to collect the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell array and the voltage across the supercapacitor terminals, a resistor divider method is used to sample these two voltages. The sampling circuit includes a resistor divider circuit and a linear optocoupler isolation circuit. An HNC-25LTS series Hall current sensor is used for current sampling to measure AC, DC, and pulse signals under electrical isolation conditions. The supercapacitor, solar photovoltaic panel, control unit, and the main circuit for supercapacitor charging and discharging have been assembled in the experiment. Connecting the charging and discharging circuit with the photovoltaic panel and LED, the system provides power to the LED during the night. Under varying light intensity and temperature conditions, the photovoltaic output voltage waveform, PWM waveform, and Boost circuit output voltage waveform remain stable when reaching the MPPT point. The output power with added MPPT control at different times is compared. The results indicate that the designed system has effectively achieved the functionality of MPPT for solar energy.

Plant-mediated synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles: challenges and applications.

This review focuses on the green synthesis methods, challenges, and applications of manganese oxide (Mn3O4) nanoparticles investigated in the past five years. Mn3O4 nanoparticles offer some unique properties that are attributed in part to the presence of mixed oxidation states of manganese (i.e., +2 and +3) in the particle, which can be utilized in a wide range of redox-sensitive applications, such as in developing supercapacitive energy storage materials. In addition, the green synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles through plant extracts has potential uses in sustainable nanotechnology. Various plant extract-mediated synthesis techniques for Mn3O4 nanoparticles have been investigated and presented. By comparing the size and structure of the synthesized Mn3O4 nanoparticles, we have observed a consistent pattern of obtaining spherical particles with a size ranging from 16 to 50 nm. The morphology of the generated Mn3O4 nanoparticles can be influenced by the annealing temperature and the composition of the plant extract used during the nanoparticle synthesis. Additionally, numerous applications for the greenly produced Mn3O4 nanoparticles have been demonstrated. Mn3O4 nanoparticles derived from plant extracts have been found to possess antimicrobial properties, supercapacitive and electrochemical capabilities, and excellent pollutant degradation efficiency. However, the magnetic properties of these nanoparticles synthesized by plant extracts are yet to be explored for potential biomedical applications. Finally, challenges to existing synthetic methods and future perspectives on the potential applications of these green synthesized Mn3O4 nanoparticles are highlighted.

Optimal number of supercapacitors per submodule in the energy storage system based on a modular multilevel converter with embedded balance control

As renewable energy sources interconnected to the electric grid increase, deploying distributed energy storage systems along the grid is a viable solution to sustain grid stability. One of the critical aspects of any energy storage system is its efficiency in transferring power to the grid. Another important aspect is managing high power levels in a short time and being easily expandable in terms of energy capacity and power handling. For this reason, supercapacitors are suitable energy storage devices to fulfill these requisites. This article focuses on analyzing the losses and improving the efficiency of a supercapacitor energy storage system based on a modular multilevel converter, which accomplishes all the abovementioned functions and capabilities. The analyzed energy storage system is based on submodules, including the power electronic interface and the supercapacitors. Hence, the system can be easily expanded because the submodule provides the functions of balancing the energy storage devices, the DC/AC, and the DC/DC conversions by using the modular multilevel converter topology approach. Therefore, any number of submodules can be connected, and the operator can make an array of the desired power, energy, and voltage ratings. This study details a probabilistic loss analysis for the proposed supercapacitor energy storage system and presents a case study using 3000F supercapacitor cells for a 6.6 kW single-phase system. The improved submodule version is validated through simulations and experimentally with a lab-scale prototype. The results show how the proposed methodology increases the system's overall efficiency with a 95 % confidence level.

An ambipolar PEDOT-perfluorinated porphyrin electropolymer: application as an active material in energy storage systems.

The development of functional organic materials is crucial for the advancement of various fields, such as optoelectronics, energy storage, sensing, and biomedicine. In this context, we successfully prepared a stable ambipolar perfluoroporphyrin-based polymeric film by electrochemical synthesis. Our strategy involved the synthesis of a novel tetra-pentafluorophenyl porphyrin covalently linked to four 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) moieties. The resulting monomer, EDOT-TPPF16, was obtained through a straightforward synthetic approach with a good overall yield. The unique molecular structure of EDOT-TPPF16 serves a dual function, with EDOT moieties allowing electropolymerization for polymeric film formation, while the electron-acceptor porphyrin core enables electrochemical reduction and electron transport. The electrochemical polymerization permits the polymer (PEDOT-TPPF16) synthesis and film formation in a reproducible and controllable manner in one step at room temperature. Spectroelectrochemical experiments confirmed that the porphyrin retained its optoelectronic properties within the polymeric matrix after the electrochemical polymerization. The obtained polymeric material exhibited stable redox capabilities. Current charge-discharge cycles and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the electrochemically generated organic film demonstrated that the polymer could be applied as a promising active material in the development of supercapacitor energy storage devices.

Aminated nanocellulose-mediated synthesis of polyaniline/nanocellulose hybrid materials for sustainable conductive and supercapacitors nanopapers

Diamine-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (DamCNCs) prepared by periodate oxidation and reductive amination were used as a scaffold for the in-situ oxidative polymerization of polyaniline (PANI). Unlike unmodified CNCs, the hybrid PANI/DamCNC particles formed a stable colloidal suspension over a large pH domain, PANI particles having nucleated and grown from the nanocrystals. The hybridization of PANI was validated by transmission electron microscopy images, along with Fourier-transform infrared, Raman, and UV–Vis spectra. By taking advantage of the colloidal stability of the PANI/DamCNC nanohybrids, flexible and freestanding thin nanopapers were prepared, with different contents in PANI/DamCNCs, using cationic or anionic cellulose nanofibrils (CCNFs or ACNFs, respectively). Conductive nanopapers were obtained by mixing CCNFs with PANI/DamCNCs at a content higher than 20 wt%, exhibiting high flexibility, mechanical integrity, transparency, and stability over time. This work proposes a simple process to fabricate a novel class of biobased conductive hybrid nanofiller based on PANI grafted on DamCNCs, stable in water, that may be used as an additive in nanocellulose suspensions to produce green flexible thin nanopapers, with potential use in different types of electronic devices such as electronic displays, smart packaging, or paper-based supercapacitors for energy storage.

Investigation of Crystallographic, Morphological, Magnetic and Electrochemical Properties of La‐Doped Cu‐CoFe2O4 Spinel Ferrites

AbstractThis research presents the successful synthesis of Cu0.79Co0.21LaxFe2‐xO4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) (spinel ferrite) nanoparticles via the sol‐gel auto combustion technique, with varying La3+ dopant concentrations. In this study, the estimated crystallite size (D) is found to be in the range of (27.92–40.90) nm. The microstructural parameter determination in XRD data is improved using Rietveld refinement. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra exhibit two distinct metal stretching vibrational bands within (400–600) cm−1 range, a characteristic fingerprint region for all ferrites. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis reveals the agglomeration of particles due to magnetic interactions and non‐uniform distribution of average particle sizes ranging from (1.06–1.87) µm. Energy Dispersive X‐Ray Analysis (EDX) validates the chemical composition's accuracy. Owing to the dilution effect resulting from the introduction of non‐magnetic La3+ ions into the ferrite structure, there is a reduction in the saturation magnetization value, decreasing from 37.28 to 6.24 emu g−1 in the Vibrating Sample Magnetometery (VSM) study. The electrochemical analysis reveals the impressive electrochemical characteristics of the newly developed ferrites, highlighting a remarkable specific capacitance of 270.0 F g−1. This finding positions them as highly promising contenders for a wide range of energy storage supercapacitor applications.

Designing strategically functionalized conjugated microporous polymers with pyrene and perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride moieties with single-walled carbon nanotubes to enhance supercapacitive energy storage efficiency

We utilize straightforward and traditional Sonogashira coupling reactions to synthesize two conjugated microporous polymers linked with pyrene (referred to as PyT-PTCDA and PyT-PHTD CMPs) by combining the common precursor of 1,3,6,8-tetraethynylpyrene (PyT) with 1,7-dibromo-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA-Br2) and 3,6-dibromophenanthrene-9,10-dione (PHTD-Br2). Various analytical techniques, including spectroscopy and microscopy, are employed to characterize these two PyT-CMP materials. The PyT-PTCDA CMP exhibits notable thermal stability (with a decomposition temperature of 351 °C and a char yield of 61 wt %). We combine the PyT-PTCDA and PyT-PHTD CMPs with exceptionally conducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) through π-π stacking interactions between SWCNTs and PyT unit to improve their electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance. Electrochemical evaluations reveal that the PyT-PTCDA CMP/SWCNTs nanocomposite shows an impressive capacitance of 376 F g−1 (at 0.5 A g−1) in a three-electrode system. After undergoing 5000 cycles of charging and discharging, it maintained 98 % of its original capacitance while demonstrating an energy density of 52 Wh/kg. Additionally, in a symmetric coin cell system, the energy density is 17 Wh/kg and the capacitance is 119 F g−1 for PyT-PTCDA CMP/SWCNTs. This approach presents a promising avenue for developing high-performance supercapacitors by strategically blending PyT-CMPs with highly conductive SWCNTs.

Synthesis of Flower-like Crystal Nickel–Cobalt Sulfide and Its Supercapacitor Performance

In order to improve the pseudocapacitance performance of metal sulfide electrode materials and obtain supercapacitor energy storage devices with excellent electrochemical reversibility and long-term cycle stability, the synthesis of flower-shaped crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide and its supercapacitor performance were studied. NiCo2S4 flower-shaped crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide was prepared by the hydrothermal method with nickel foam as the raw material, and electrode materials were added to prepare supercapacitor electrodes for testing of the supercapacitor performance. The physical properties of flower-shaped crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide were tested by a scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, and the voltammetric cycle and constant current charge and discharge of supercapacitor electrodes prepared from this sulfide were analyzed through experiments. The experimental results showed that the flower crystal microstructure had a positive effect on the electrochemical properties. The capacitance value was always high at different current densities, and the capacity was as high as 3867.8 A/g at pH 12. After 2000 voltage–charge–discharge cycle tests, the petal-like sulfide capacity still had a retention rate of 90.57, the flower crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide still showed an excellent supercapacitor performance and the specific capacity was still high, which demonstrates that this sulfide has excellent cyclic stability and durability in electrochemical applications.

Textiles for Very Cold Environments

Textiles are often used to protect people from cold environments. While most garments are designed for temperatures not far below 0 °C, very cold regions on the earth near the poles or on mountains necessitate special clothing. The same is true for homeless people who have few possibilities to warm up or workers in cooling chambers and other cold environments. Passive insulating clothing, however, can only retain body heat. Active heating, on the other hand, necessitates energy, e.g., by batteries, which are usually relatively heavy and have to be recharged regularly. This review gives an overview of energy-self-sufficient textile solutions for cold environments, including energy harvesting by textile-based or textile-integrated solar cells; piezoelectric sensors in shoes and other possibilities; energy storage in supercapacitors or batteries; and heating by electric energy or phase-change materials.

Transforming Waste into Wealth: Advanced Carbon-Based Electrodes Derived from Refinery and Coal By-Products for Next-Generation Energy Storage.

This comprehensive review addresses the need for sustainable and efficient energy storage technologies against escalating global energy demand and environmental concerns. It explores the innovative utilization of waste materials from oil refineries and coal processing industries as precursors for carbon-based electrodes in next-generation energy storage systems, including batteries and supercapacitors. These waste-derived carbon materials, such as semi-coke, coal gasification fine ash, coal tar pitch, petroleum coke, and petroleum vacuum residue, offer a promising alternative to conventional electrode materials. They present an optimal balance of high carbon content and enhanced electrochemical properties while promoting environmental sustainability through effectively repurposing waste materials from coal and hydrocarbon industries. This review systematically examines recent advancements in fabricating and applying waste-derived carbon-based electrodes. It delves into the methodologies for converting industrial by-products into high-quality carbon electrodes, with a particular emphasis on carbonization and activation processes tailored to enhance the electrochemical performance of the derived materials. Key findings indicate that while higher carbonization temperatures may impede the development of a porous structure, using KOH as an activating agent has proven effective in developing mesoporous structures conducive to ion transport and storage. Moreover, incorporating heteroatom doping (with elements such as sulfur, potassium, and nitrogen) has shown promise in enhancing surface interactions and facilitating the diffusion process through increased availability of active sites, thereby demonstrating the potential for improved storage capabilities. The electrochemical performance of these waste-derived carbon materials is evaluated across various configurations and electrolytes. Challenges and future directions are identified, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of the microstructural characteristics that influence electrochemical performance and advocating for interdisciplinary research to achieve precise control over material properties. This review contributes to advancing electrode material technology and promotes environmental sustainability by repurposing industrial waste into valuable resources for energy storage. It underscores the potential of waste-derived carbon materials in sustainably meeting global energy storage demands.

Sustainable synthesis of spongy-like porous carbon for supercapacitive energy storage systems towards pollution control.

In this study, the fruit of Terminalia chebula, commonly known as chebulic myrobalan, is used as the precursor for carbon for its application in supercapacitors. The Terminalia chebula biomass-derived sponge-like porous carbon (TC-SPC) is synthesized using a facile and economical method of pyrolysis. TC-SPC thus obtained is subjected to XRD, FESEM, TEM, HRTEM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses for their structural and chemical composition. The examination revealed that TC-SPC has a crystalline nature and a mesoporous and microporous structure accompanied by a disordered carbon framework that is doped with heteroatoms such as nitrogen and sulfur. Electrochemical studies are performed on TC-SPC using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. TC-SPC contributed a maximum specific capacitance of 145 F g-1 obtained at 1 A g-1. The cyclic stability of TC-SPC is significant with 10,000 cycles, maintaining the capacitance retention value of 96%. The results demonstrated that by turning the fruit of Terminalia chebula into an opulent product, a supercapacitor, TC-SPC generated from biomass has proven to be a potential candidate for energy storage application.

The influence of in-situ induced and MnO2 polymorph-dependent structural changes to the energy storage and mechanism of supercapacitors

Due to its economic, environmental, and theoretical advantages, manganese dioxide (MnO2) is a promising cathode material for supercapacitors. However, the commercial application of MnO2 still faces challenges such as low intrinsic conductivity, slow ion diffusion, and structural instability. In this study, four crystalline forms of MnO2 powder electrodes (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-MnO2) were prepared, and results showed that with a specific capacitance of 218.2 F∙g−1, δ-MnO2 exhibited the best electrochemical performance. This was primarily due to the fact that δ-MnO2 possesses a high specific surface area, rich oxygen vacancy, and fast electron-ion transfer speed. A self-supported electrode (δ-MnO2/NF) without binder addition was further prepared using an in-situ-induced technique. The results revealed that the specific capacitance of δ-MnO2/NF was as high as 809.4 F∙g−1 and that the capacity retention rate and coulombic efficiency after 5000 cycles were 92.8 % and 99.2 %, respectively, which were superior to those of δ-MnO2 (80.3 % and 93.5 %). In-situ induction not only amplifies the structural advantages of δ-MnO2 but also generates more electrochemical active sites due to the intense interaction between NF and δ-MnO2. In addition, ultrathin nanosheet arrays formed on the NF provide a three-dimensional conductive network for the transport of ions and electrons. Density functional theory calculations were performed to verify the excellent electronic conductivity and ion diffusivity of δ-MnO2 and showed that transferring electrons from metal Ni to δ-MnO2 is the basis for producing numerous oxygen vacancies in δ-MnO2/NF.

Electrostatic self-assembly of MoS2/graphene hybrid films for energy storage in high-performance symmetric supercapacitor

Electrostatic self-assembly of MoS2/graphene hybrid films for energy storage in high-performance symmetric supercapacitor

Structure, Properties, and Preparation of MXene and the Application of Its Composites in Supercapacitors

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) are emerging members of the two-dimensional material family, obtained by removing the A layer of the MAX phase through methods such as liquid-phase etching. This article summarizes the structure and properties of MXenes, as well as several preparation methods, including etching with hydrofluoric acid and fluoride salts, alkali-based etching, electrochemical etching, Lewis acid molten salt etching, and direct synthesis. Due to their unique two-dimensional structure and surface chemistry, MXenes exhibit good metallic conductivity, hydrophilicity, excellent flexibility, and ion intercalation properties, showing great potential in the research and application of supercapacitors and attracting widespread attention. The combination of MXene with other types of materials, including polymers, metal hydroxides, metal oxides, and carbon materials, takes advantage of composites to improve energy storage performance and shows great potential in the research and application of supercapacitors. This article provides a detailed summary of MXene composite materials and capacitor performance and introduces the research progress of MXene materials in the field of supercapacitor energy storage applications, aiming to provide references for the preparation of high-performance MXene supercapacitor electrode materials.

Polymeric Hydrogels for Energy Devices

Innovative energy storage devices, viz., supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries are of great awareness owing to their comprehensive claims in flexible electronics and implantations. In simple electronic devices, frequently facing problems like bending, collision, steeping, piercing, and even encountering shearing, fire, water, etc. Hence, a high mandate is needed for the constructive and consistency of energy storage devices. Hydrogels are hydrophilic three-dimensional polymers filled with water which are highly noticeable electrolyte materials due to their high-water permeability and smoothness, which enable them to fulfil the vital necessities for flexible energy storage devices. Hydrogels with intriguing physicochemical assets for justifiable energy storing for water production. The proposal of novel hydrogel electrolytes for supercapacitors and batteries with electrochemical performances for imminent growth. The biopolymeric hydrogel electrolytes can be chosen as substitute materials for supercapacitors due to their decent ionic conductivity, no fluid seepage, and no toxicity. Focus of the review aims to highlight the hydrogels materials combined into batteries and deliver thrilling tailorable architectures for multifunctionalities with amicable applications.

Ionic liquids and Graphene: The ultimate combination for High-Performance supercapacitors

Ionic liquids (ILs), due to their tunable propensities and properties, are discussed as a new class of solvents for scientific and industrial applications. Developing novel processes and applying ionic liquids further accelerate the growth of our fundamental and engineering understanding.In this work, the structure of four ILs, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate formate (Emim+BF4−)/chloride (Emim+Cl−)/Nitrate (Emim+NO3−), and thiocyanate (Emim+SCN−) is reported. Then via employing classical molecular dynamics and well-tempered metadynamics simulations their dynamics are investigated. The dynamics of ILs are represented by studying mean squared displacements. Additionally, the increased size and weight of anions interacting with the Emim+ cation cause the dynamics to become slow. Therefore, due to the higher molecular weight, the BF4− anion has lower diffusion than any other. Indeed, radial distribution functions between cations and anions reveal the structural arrangement in ILs. On the other hand, it is unexpectedly found that a certain amount of ILs are distributed near the electrode surface. Such phenomena occur because of the relatively strong ionic interactions between cations and anions; also, the π–π stacking between cations and graphene caused their interactions to become stronger. Furthermore, the atoms in molecules (AIM) analyses identified several interatomic interactions between the ILs and graphene. The free energy values for the ILs at their global minima are about ∼ -271.79, −267.93, −251.37 kJ mol−1 and ∼ -241.98 kJ mol−1 in systems Emim+/Cl−, Emim//NO3−, Emim+/SCN−, and Emim+/BF4−, respectively. Our findings represent a crucial step towards interpreting the complex interactions and nanostructures at the electrolyte–electrode interface, which could be beneficial for designing high-performance supercapacitors in energy storage using carbon electrodes and IL electrolytes in experiments.

A novel stochastic multistage dispatching model of hybrid battery-electric vehicle-supercapacitor storage system to minimize three-phase unbalance

The unbalanced load distribution, the single-phase connection of renewable energy, and the uncoordinated charging of electric vehicles (EVs) will bring a severe issue corresponding to the three-phase unbalance in modern distribution networks. To deal with this issue, a novel multistage optimal dispatching model with the hybrid energy storage system (HESS), consisting of the battery energy storage system (BESS), EV, and supercapacitor (SC), is proposed in this paper. The first stage is conducted on the day-ahead stage, driven by minimizing the total operation cost and relieving power unbalance, the unbalanced penalty cost is introduced into the optimal dispatching model with the electricity purchasing cost and the degradation cost of HESS. Also, the chance-constraint stochastic programming (SP) model with the coordinated operation of HESS is accommodated to handle the diverse uncertainties of renewable energy, load demand, and EV users’ behaviors. In the intra-day operation stage, a rolling optimization-based dispatch model is formulated to re-optimize the operation of the SC for the rapid response of mitigating the real-time three-phase unbalance caused by renewable energy. The numerical experiments are executed on the IEEE 34-bus three-phase test system. Compared with the cases without considering SC and the degradation cost of HESS, the power unbalance in the proposed model is reduced by 3.27% and 3.62% per day at the real-time stage, respectively, while total operation cost is reduced by 46.77 US$ and 350.62 US$ per day, respectively. The results validated that the proposed model is efficient in reducing the three-phase unbalance under multi-time scales, improving the economic operation of the distribution network.

Cooperative game-based energy storage planning for wind power cluster aggregation station

It is possible to cut down the investment costs in energy storage and enhance the utilization of energy storage by planning the shared energy storage in the wind farm collection station to replace the dispersed energy storage of each wind farm. Considering the cluster complementary effects of multiple wind farms, this article proposes a cooperative game-based plan for the hybrid energy storage of battery and supercapacitor in the wind power cluster. Firstly, charging and discharging strategy for batteries follows the peak shaving and valley filling approach, while the strategy for supercapacitors aims to flatten power fluctuations and track power generation plans. Then, a dual-layer planning model for the shared energy storage station is established, and evaluation indicators for the energy storage configuration results are constructed. Finally, based on the improved Shapley value method, the profits of each wind farm are allocated, and the impact of energy storage investment costs on the results is analyzed. The case study results demonstrate that under this cooperative scheme, not only can the real-time output deviation of wind power be reduced, but also the investment costs of wind farms in energy storage systems can be reduced.

Investigating the electrochemical performance of MnSe-supported SrZrO3 perovskite oxide nanocomposite as an electrode material for supercapacitor

Currently, the advancement in energy storage technology is a worldwide-based vital challenge, so researchers focused on the development and design of promising electrode materials for energy storage equipment. Perovskite oxide and transition metal selenide nanocomposites can achieve better cycle stability, efficient electric conductivity, high capacity, excellent redox reaction, and inattentive flexibility as electrode materials for energy storage devices and supercapacitor applications. Herein, we present the designed, fabricated, and electrochemical properties of MnSe-supported SrZrO3 nanocomposite via the Pechini method that exhibited more efficient capacitive performance than pristine SrZrO3 and MnSe. The result of electrochemical testing indicates that the SrZrO3–MnSe nanocomposite electrode possessed a battery-type pseudocapacitive nature and displayed a boosted specific capacitance of 1204 Fg-1 at a 5 mV/s scan rate in aqueous 1 M KOH solution under a three-electrode setup and maintained 95.2% retention after 3000th cycles. It also showed a higher electrochemical active surface area (1680.5 cm2), higher energy density (40 Wh/Kg), long-term cyclic stability performance, and enhanced rate capability compared to other prepared products. As a result, these findings have shown that SrZrO3–MnSe nanocomposite can be considered as potential electrode materials and might have emerging applications in commercial products for energy storage devices and supercapacitors.