Energy-saving System Research Articles

Design of an Energy-Saving System for Smart Home Decoration Based on Situational Awareness

This article analyzes the specific energy-saving requirements for smart home decoration in the current market to determine the overall plan of the entire smart home decoration energy-saving system. Based on situational analysis combined with grounded theory, organize and summarize the original data, and use factor analysis for dimensionality reduction analysis. Combining the multi-level analysis method, experts evaluated and scored the user experience evaluation indicators, obtained the weight assignment of each influencing factor, and constructed a user experience evaluation model for smart home products based on situational theory. After extensive testing, it was found that the ZigBee based smart home network implemented in this article has low energy consumption, overcomes many shortcomings of smart home networks, and has high application value.

WISE-Energy: Wireless Integrated Smart Energy Systems

This paper introduces WISE-Engergy, Wireless Integrated Smart Energi Systems. This system is designed to optimize indoor electricity usage by fostering user awareness of energy-saving practices. Users are reminded to turn off electrical devices when leaving the room through notifications on an Android smartphone application. The research aims to increase public awareness of the importance of energy conservation and to apply technology to achieve higher energy efficiency. The contribution of this research lies in the development of an innovative energy-saving system that can be implemented in various indoor environments to support sustainable energy-saving efforts. The test results show that this system successfully achieves its intended goals. The notifications sent to the last user in the room effectively encouraged them to turn off the lights upon leaving. The WSN communication test between room 1 and room 2 also demonstrated that the system could transmit power data from room 2 to room 1 via the XBee module. System evaluation and testing indicated that SENIOR successfully notified users to turn off electrical devices. This research makes a significant contribution to addressing energy-saving challenges and promoting an energy-saving culture in the community.

Perception of Implementing a Green Building Rating System for Energy Savings in Nigeria’s Construction Projects Industry

A green building rating system is an evaluation tool that assesses a building's environmental performance throughout its life cycle. It includes criteria addressing various aspects of design, construction, and operation. This study reviews existing research on green building rating systems, aiming to establish their applicability for energy saving in Nigeria, identify obstacles to implementation, and determine the necessary factors for successful adoption. The study is analytical, relying on secondary data sources such as published articles, books, and websites. Additionally, the paper highlights the potential benefits for Nigeria in developing its own green building rating system. By doing so, Nigeria can align with global efforts to create sustainable built environments and develop effective strategies for energy efficiency and environmental stewardship. The study recommends awareness programs, educational talks, and government policies to promote the implementation of green building rating systems in Nigeria based on the analysis conducted.

Explorations of Integrated Multi-Energy Strategy under Energy Simulation by DeST 3.0: A Case Study of College Dining Hall

Buildings characterized by high energy consumption necessitate the implementation of efficient multi-energy complementary systems to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction objectives. College dining halls use a lot more electricity than typical residential buildings, despite their relatively small size. The dining hall at the Dongshan Campus of Shanxi University is employed as a representative case study in this research. By utilizing DeST 3.0 software, a comprehensive dynamic load analysis is conducted to estimate the annual energy consumption of the dining hall, with the ultimate goal of an energy-saving system being proposed based on the analysis results. Leveraging DeST 3.0 software, dynamic load characteristics were assessed, revealing an annual energy consumption of 2.39 × 106 kWh for the dining hall. Cooling accounted for 0.91 × 106 kWh, while heating requirements amounted to 0.24 × 106 kWh. These findings illustrate peak power consumption trends, seasonal variations, and potential avenues for energy conservation. To satisfy the heating, cooling, and electricity demands of the dining hall, an integrated energy system incorporating solar and wind energy, as well as utilizing restaurant kitchen garbage as a biomass source, was proposed. This study compares two solar energy utilization systems: photothermal and photovoltaic, with total capacities of 2.375 × 106 kWh and 2.52 × 106 kWh, respectively. The research outcomes underscore that Strategy 2, which integrates a photovoltaic system with wind and biomass energy, emerges as the optimal approach for load management. Ultimately, this investigation demonstrates the feasibility and promise of constructing a hybrid renewable energy system within a college dining hall setting, aligning with sustainability objectives and global trends toward environmentally responsible energy solutions.

Transient Analysis of a Modified Differentiated Vacation Queueing System for Energy-Saving in WiMAX

Transient Analysis of a Modified Differentiated Vacation Queueing System for Energy-Saving in WiMAX

Application of Internet of Things and embedded technology in electronic communication

In order to explore the energy-saving control method of electronic communication, the author proposes the application of Internet of Things and embedded technology in electronic communication. The application makes full use of the “Internet of Things” and embedded technology to create an energy-saving system, send data to the energy-saving system to control the power supply, and control operation of electrical appliances to achieve energy saving results. According to the test resultsThe energy consumption of the system designed by the author after energy saving is 4.8335kWh, which is lower than that of the device before energy saving, which is 5.8424kWh and saves electricity. At different load current, the system output voltage is controlled at 220 V and the performance of the system is stable. ConclusionThe system designed according to the model proposed by the author has a good performance in terms of energy consumption and has a connection with Internet technology and embedded technology in fire communication power.

A static rooftop shading system for year-round thermal comfort and energy savings in hot climates

In sun-drenched regions, balancing solar exposure for thermal comfort and minimization of cooling energy presents a key challenge. While passive shading mitigates summer heat gain, it also hinders winter solar benefits, a problem that is echoed by active systems such as photovoltaic panels. Existing adaptive solutions, adjusting to seasonal sun angles, offer flexibility, but introduce complexity, maintenance demands, and potentially higher costs. This study introduces a novel static roof shading system that addresses this knowledge gap. It effectively blocks summer sunrays and allows winter insolation without seasonal adjustments or associated mechanisms. This “install and forget” approach promises improved thermal comfort and reduced energy consumption in hot climates. Rigorous energy simulations in nine different Mexican locations, using a 69 m2 household model, reveal significant temperature improvements. The system delivers up to 30.38% (above 5 MWh) equivalent annual reduction in HVAC usage and 71.3% relative increase in thermal comfort during hot periods. This sustainable solution offers valuable information to address indoor thermal challenges in high-temperature regions, contributing to the advancement of sustainable building technologies.

Intelligent Lighting Control Systems for Energy Savings in Hospital Buildings Using Artificial Neural Networks

Lighting control systems are essential in modern building automation and smart homes, efficiently managing illumination to enhance energy conservation and user comfort. This project tackles energy consumption challenges in hospital buildings by introducing Intelligent Lighting Control Systems (ILCS) that take natural light and occupancy into account, driven by Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and diverse machine learning algorithms. In our study, we collected sensor data, processed it, and designed a lighting control system employing a feedforward neural network and various machine learning algorithms. Surprisingly, our research found that a linear regression algorithm surpassed the ANN-based system in this context. We implemented a prototype, tested it on hardware, and obtained the expected results. This research marks progress towards optimizing energy use in hospital buildings and contributing to sustainability endeavors. By combining ILCS and machine learning, it offers a promising approach for more efficient and eco-friendly lighting systems

Smart Streetlight Energy Saving System Based on mmWave Radar

Streetlights serve as fundamental infrastructure to meet the lighting needs of people on every road. However, their extensive deployment often results in unnecessary energy waste, with many streetlights maintaining high brightness despite minimal usage during the night. This study aims to develop a smart energy-efficient streetlight system that automatically adjusts lighting levels based on the absence of vehicles and pedestrians, detected after a 3-minute countdown. Specifically, the study utilizes mmWave radar to collect point cloud data, which undergoes denoising through Doppler, DBSCAN, and XYZ techniques. Additionally, the mmWave radar assists in training an LSTM model to identify pedestrian pathways. The implementation of the proposed system significantly reduces energy consumption and annual costs by automatically dimming or turning off streetlights in areas with minimal pedestrian activity during nighttime.

Formation Rate and Energy Efficiency of Ice Plug in Pipelines Driven by the Cascade Utilization of Cold Energy

Ice plug technology is an effective method for isolating the pipeline system, which are promising methods utilized in the nuclear, chemical, and power industries. To reduce the cold energy consumption and temperature stress, the multi-stage (1–10) of time-dependent thermal boundary conditions was proposed for the formation of ice plug, while the gradient cooling wall temperature of multi-stage was applied. A numerical model considering the liquid–solid phase change, heat transfer, and time-dependent thermal boundary condition has been established. The effects of the ratio of length and diameter of the cooling wall lc/d (1–9) on the formation rate and heat flux of ice plug in the pipe has been investigated. The fastest formation rate of ice plug with 800 mm in the axial direction (7.47 cm3/s) was observed in the pipe with the lc/d of 5. The formation rate of ice plug and the ice formation volume under unit energy consumption VE under various stages (1–10) of cooling wall temperature have been compared. The VE of eight temperature stages (1.45 cm3/kJ) was 1.16 times than the VE of one temperature stage, which satisfied the freezing rate at the same time. This investigation provides insight for proposing an energy-saving system for the formation of ice plug.

Analysis of parameters for spray-local exhaust ventilation (SLEV) to minimize high-temperature smoke pollutants and reduce energy consumption

Industrial buildings often face limitations in placing local exhaust ventilation (LEV) near pollution sources, which can lead to ineffective control of high-temperature smoke. This study explores the integration of spray with local exhaust ventilation (SLEV) as a solution for smoke control and energy savings. The research identified a design law for spray parameters and developed a formula to calculate SLEV ventilation flow rate that considers the impact of spray. Results indicate that the spray field overlapping coefficient plays a key role in characterizing the position and spacing of multi-nozzles. As the spray field overlapping coefficient increases, the spray dust reduction performance indicator linearly increases, while the capture efficiency follows a pattern that aligns with the Boltzmann curve model. The optimal range for the spray field overlapping coefficient to achieve high efficiency in SLEV is between 0.45 and 0.55. The formula for ventilation flow rate calculation is applicable to common conditions with smoke velocities ranging from 4 to 12 m/s (Ar: 0.0149–0.1339). SLEVs demonstrate a 35.22 % improvement in dust removal efficiency and over 20 % energy savings compared to LEVs, contributing to the development of high-efficiency, energy-saving systems for sustainable industrial production.

Analysis of Green Building Implementation in the Pahlawan University Class Hall Building

Green building, or green construction, is an approach to designing, constructing, and operating buildings that takes into consideration their impact on the environment and human health. Based on this, there is a need to conduct a study on green building in the Pahlawan University Class Hall Building to determine its green building rating or level of implementation. This research aims to analyze the implementation of green building and the benefits it generates. The research methods employed include a literature review and a case study. In the literature review, various relevant sources such as scholarly journals, articles, and research reports are used to gather information about the concept and practices of green building. The case study is conducted in the Pahlawan University Class Hall Building by analyzing several buildings that have been constructed and are in operation. The analysis is performed using the Greenship Existing Building version 1.1 standards from GBCI. Greenship EB 1.1 consists of 6 (six) standards, namely land use, energy efficiency and management, water management, materials cycle and resources, indoor air quality, and building environmental management. The analysis results indicate that the implementation of green building falls short in many aspects due to the lack of available benchmarks. Recommendations that can be provided include the use of more environmentally friendly construction materials, the adoption of more effective energy-saving systems, the utilization of advanced water management technologies, and improvements in waste management.

مراجعة على التقييم الاقتصادي لدمج المواد المغلفة متغيرة الطور في أغلفة المباني

The worldwide energy crisis has made energy-saving a topic of concern in almost every country. Previous research has explored the use of thermal energy storage materials (TES), such as phase change materials (PCMs), as an effective energy-saving technique. Among various immersion techniques, macro-encapsulation has proven to be efficient, safe, and convenient. However, choosing the right PCM system can be complicated due to the variety of available PCM types, encapsulation materials, and encapsulation shapes. Moreover, while macro-encapsulated PCM systems are efficient, their feasibility depends on several factors, including energy prices, economic situation, and climatic conditions. Therefore, this research aims to provide a comprehensive overview to help create a deeper understanding of the design and application of macro-encapsulated PCM systems. It explains the different types of PCM, encapsulation materials, and encapsulation shapes, guiding the selection for the most appropriate system regarding the surrounding environment. Additionally, it aims to present a guideline for conducting feasibility studies on energy-saving systems such as PCM. A total of 80 research papers covering the intersection between the thermal performance of PCM and the economic assessment have been categorized, studied, and analyzed in order to identify the most accurate method of assessing the system’s feasibility. By providing a base knowledge regarding the various types of each element of the system and the factors that govern the selection of each, this research will help engineers appropriately design the system. In addition, providing a detailed guideline to the assessment of the system shall aid the decision makers in determining the system’s feasibility which encourages its application. Finally, the research investigates and addresses the key issues for future studies.

Enhanced ammonium removal and recovery from wastewater using an innovative redox-active flow electrode: The significant role of redox charge compensation and hydrogen bond network reconstruction

Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) is an ideal electrochemical technology for NH4+ recovery but suffers from inefficient charge transfer, leading to high energy consumption and unsatisfactory recovery performance. In this study, we developed an innovative redox-active flow electrode (RAFE) comprising redox-active electrolyte ((NH4)3Fe(CN)6) and activated carbon (AC) to enhance the removal and recovery of NH4+. The ion capture and charge transfer mechanism of NH4+ within this electrode were further investigated. FCDI with RAFE cathode exhibited a rapid removal (31 mgN/m2/min) and recovery rate (26 mgN/m2/min), with about 32 % increment as compared to the FCDI with AC cathode. The lower removal (2.3 kWh/kgN) and recovery energy consumption (5.76 kWh/kgN) were also achieved. The CV curves and electrode characterization indicated that NH4+ was capacitive captured and released through electric double layer (EDL) and redox charge compensation. Dynamic charge efficiency analysis showed that EDL capacitive capture mechanism plays a dominant role during the charging stage while the redox compensation capture mechanism dominated the charge transfer during the discharging stage. Moreover, electrode suspension characterization demonstrated that the migration of NH4+ was facilitated by hydrogen bond network reconstruction. This work provided an energy-saving system for efficient NH4+ removal and recovery by coupling FCDI with RAFE cathode.

Laboratory Safety Technology with Energy Saving System using IOT

Abstract: Internet of Things (IOT) conceptualizes the idea of remotely connecting and monitoring real world objects (things) through the Internet .This concept can be aptly incorporated to make laboratories smarter, safer and automated. This IoT project focuses on building a smart lab safety system which sends alerts to the owner by using Internet in case of any danger and raises an alarm optionally. A safety system needs to be designed to ensure at most safety in the laboratories. Keywords: Automation, Chemical, Hazards, IOT, RFID, Safety.

Multi-Span Greenhouse Energy Saving by External Insulation: System Design and Implementation

To address the issues of excessive heat loss from the roofs of multi-span greenhouses and high energy consumption for heating during winter production, we propose an approach for the external insulation of the roof of multi-span glass greenhouses and have developed an external insulation system (EIS) to practice this approach. The system achieved full coverage of the greenhouse roof through mechanized unfurling and furling of external thermal blankets, thereby achieving energy-saving insulation. This paper describes the overall design and working method of the EIS, providing detailed design and structural parameters for critical components such as the traction rope transmission mechanism and the rail-type sealing structure. Through a system verification experiment, the specifications of the traction rope were determined and the rationality of the EIS’s thermal blanket unfurling and furling time was confirmed. An insulation performance experiment indicated that the average heat flux of the greenhouse roof covered with the external thermal blanket over 14 continuous nights was 54.2 W/m2, compared with 198.6 W/m2 for a single-layer glass roof. Covering the roof with the external thermal blanket reduced heat loss from the glass roof by 72.7%. The average heat flux of the roof of the Venlo-type multi-span greenhouse with double-layer internal insulation was 99.9 W/m2 during the same period, indicating that the heat loss from the roof using external insulation was only 50.3%. This study provides a novel thermal insulation approach and an energy-saving system for multi-span greenhouses.

ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ПРИНЦИПІВ SMART-CITY ТА ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ ІННОВАЦІЙ У ПРОЦЕС ПІСЛЯВОЄННОЇ ВІДБУДОВИ БЛАГОУСТРОЮ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ОДИНИЦЬ

The article explores the possibilities and challenges of integrating Smart City principles and energy innovations into the post-war reconstruction process of administrative-territorial units. In today's world, where environmental pollution and efficient use of energy resources are becoming increasingly critical, implementing energy-efficient projects in urban development has become necessary for community development. One of the essential aspects of successfully implementing energy-efficient projects is their integration into the city's strategic planning. To address challenges such as financial constraints and technical difficulties, implementing energy-efficient projects will bring numerous benefits, including emission reduction, energy consumption reduction, and improvement of urban environment quality. Since many urban amenities in Ukraine having suffered damage during the war, there is an increased opportunity for the restoration of progressive and modern spaces using advanced technologies. This new stage of reconstruction includes adopting innovative approaches, such as using alternative energy sources, implementing energy-saving systems, introducing Smart City principles, greening territories, and more. This opens up opportunities for creating modern, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient spaces that improve the quality of life and restore administrative-territorial units' infrastructure. The article explores key concepts such as smart technologies, energy efficiency, and sustainable development while presenting the fundamental principles and mechanisms for implementing these principles in the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. Utilizing the case-study method, the article highlights the best practices for implementing Smart City principles worldwide. Additionally, the authors examine the advantages and obstacles associated with adopting these principles.

THE DEGREE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SELECTED LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES ON FARMS

The aim of the research was to identify the degree of implementation of selected logistics activities on farms. The subject of the research were logistic activities (in the field of supply, sales, transport and storage) carried out on farms using the Agricultural Property Resource of the State Treasury located in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. The research was conducted using a diagnostic survey method using a questionnaire. To the greatest extent, the respondents carried out activities related to the assessment of suppliers and recipients, optimized the transport of agricultural vehicles and machines, monitored fuel consumption and complied with technical inspections of means of transport, as well as applied procedures for the proper storage of materials. To a much lesser extent, the surveyed farms defined standards of relations with customers, categorized means of transport in terms of external and internal transport, and used energy-saving systems in warehouses. Determining the level of advancement of logistics processes against the background of opportunities resulting from technological and organizational progress may indicate the direction of the development of logistics strategies and profile the scope of economic consulting related to the development of logistics functions on farms. The development of logistics processes on farms will allow, among others, for easier integration with other links in the food chain.

Energy Flow Modeling and Low Carbon Analysis of Processoriented Production Line

Nowadays, energy and environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent, and the energy-based manufacturing industry also needs to face huge energy consumption problems. Therefore, production processes need to be investigated from an energy efficiency perspective at an early design stage so that maximum benefits can be obtained at low cost, low time and low risk. This process industry carbon emissions system does not calculate the consumption of raw materials and electricity in a generalized way at the boundaries of the plant. Rather, we delve into each step of the process and perform mathematical modeling of the process through a graphical approach, incorporating each link and factor that constitutes and influences the change in carbon emissions, and performing an aggregation of carbon emissions for the entire production line. It facilitates the subsequent improvement and optimization of the entire process-based production line, providing the basis for implementing and establishing the best energy-saving system.

Steam Driven Screw-type Air Compressor System for Energy-saving

Steam Driven Screw-type Air Compressor System for Energy-saving