Energy Efficient Lamps Research Articles

Modeling Night and Daylighting Toll Road Tunnel Using Dialux to Compare the Performance of HPS and LED Lamp

In toll road tunnels, the lighting at the threshold zone must balance the brightness of the access zone with natural light. Therefore, artificial lighting is strategically placed in that area to match the brightness to the intensity of natural light. This balance shifts during nighttime to ensure uniform brightness throughout the tunnel, equivalent to street lighting. Additionally, a significant amount of power is required to realize this artificial lighting. Two lamp technologies are used for tunnel lighting: HPS lamps with low energy efficiency and LED lamps with better energy efficiency. The challenge is determining artificial lighting in the threshold zone using energy-efficient lamps. To address this issue, simulations were conducted to compare the two lamp types applied in tunnels to achieve the most significant power savings. This research creates a model of toll road tunnel lighting using DIALux software better to understand the characteristics of toll road tunnel lighting using HPS and LED lamps. The SNI and ANSI/IES are the standards used. The Cisumdawu tunnel is used as the case study. The simulation results show that the luminance in the interior zone using LED or HPS lamps meets the SNI standard. Using LED lamps results in higher luminance with less power than using HPS. This discovery can improve energy efficiency in tunnel environments and contribute to lighting solutions for transportation infrastructure.

Emission on the low voltage grid: measurements in an urban area

This paper presents the results of a set of measurements to study changes in voltage harmonic emission in LV grid due to the introduction of energy-efficient lamps. The paper involves measurements in an urban area performed in the north of Sweden. Measurements of voltage harmonic were performed before and after replacing all existing (mainly incandescent) lamps with LED lamps in all 12 houses belonging to the same urban area. The total power of all lamps was reduced from approximately 2300 W to 450 W, per house. All new lamps were low-power-factor lamps. In this paper it has only been shown the results for two individual houses over the twelve that changed their lamps. Those results are then compared with the standard EN 50160 in order to foresee the voltage impact after changing to LED lamps.

The Role Of Lamps In Managing Household Electricity Consumption

In every country, the electricity industry is one of the most important foundations of economic activity. The investment and establishment of this vital industry requires a long time and significant resources. Electrical energy is used in various aspects of life, with household lighting being one of the most important. Different types of lamps, such as incandescent, fluorescent, and LED, are used for lighting, each with different power and consumption characteristics. The selection of the lamp type, considering the activity and application of automated sensors that are active and inactive at specific times, has a significant impact on energy consumption reduction. Since artificial lighting is expensive but essential, understanding and comparing the cost of lamps and the supply of electricity to residential units is an important issue addressed in this study. This research is practical and descriptive in terms of importance and examines the cost of supplying and energy consumption of incandescent and fluorescent lamps, considering their voltage, power, and lifespan. The selected lamps are analyzed and evaluated as samples. The research results show that using energy-efficient lamps instead of energy-consuming lamps can result in approximately 83.3% cost savings in electricity supply and energy consumption, according to the measurement criteria of the Afghan Power Supply Company. Finally, by comparing the lifespan of the studied lamps, there is an 88.9% reduction in the number of lamps used.

Measurement of the Rebound Effect on Urban Household Energy Consumption Savings

This research investigated consumer behavior patterns on energy conservation and energy efficiency. We investigated the factors that influence the rebound effect based on common characteristics and Socio-economic household characteristics in urban communities. This paper also explored the conservation of electricity through the idea of "nudge." The authors used the word "encouragement" in the chosen architectural program, designed to reduce household electricity consumption so that the rebound effect did not occur in household consumption. By utilizing the 'social norms and curtailment,' households given a "nudge" can save more on their electricity consumption costs. The condition of "nudge" that we included was through information on the costs incurred by households, 'social norms and curtailment,' and energy efficiency through replacing conventional lamps with energy-efficient lamps. The research took place in urban areas in the Bantul, Jogjakarta, between December 2021 and April 2022. Sixty-two respondents divide into two groups of households, i.e., observe households (self-selected) and control households (randomly selected). Both observe and control households must have an active electricity account for at least one year and have owned a house between 50 and 200 square meters. The model used a t-paired sample through the "Non-Equivalent Groups Design" (NEGD) framework for the two comparisons. The research found that 'social norms and curtailment' can reduce household electricity consumption, has cost savings over electricity consumption on average to 16.3049% for three months, and no rebound effect on savings happened.

Pitiful rooftop solar uptake in sunny South Africa: A policy, funding and service delivery perspective

Despite rolling blackouts, high electricity prices, a favorable climate and the size of the South African economy, rooftop photovoltaic (PV) solar products have low levels of middle-income residential market penetration. This study sought to establish the reasons for this. It was found, firstly, that households opt rather for demand side management (DSM) tools such as energy-efficient lamps or inverters. Secondly, they switch to gas (at least for cooking) or a generator rather than solar. This is because rooftop PV is expensive, in part due to costly batteries and inverters, but also as support measures such as feed-in tariff funding, tax rebates and subsidies are non-existent. In addition, South African banks are reluctant to finance rooftop PV, as return on investment (ROI) is extremely long term, and there are few, if any, bank-accredited PV suppliers. There is also no political pressure on banks to provide attractive PV financing. Furthermore, middle-income consumers struggle to understand PV technology and do not trust the suppliers thereof. For instance, rooftop PV companies seldom market themselves or their products adequately, and most do not sell PV with a maintenance service plan or offer credit. It is recommended that rooftop PV companies work with banks offer innovative, cost-effective modular PV packages, and build their brand to create a relationship of trust with the community to increase sales.

Implementation of the Policy for Banning Incandescent Lamps in the Markets: Review of the Global Situation and Challenges for Mozambique

The excessive use of incandescent lamps is one of the main factors in the low energy efficiency of the residential sector in Mozambique. To remedy this situation, some countries are banning the import and sale of incandescent lamps in their markets. The article reviews the status of implementation of these actions worldwide and the challenges for Mozambique. The data is drawn from existing literature on the topic under discussion and selected according to purpose. The literature indicates that Mozambique has a program to promote energy efficient incandescent lamps, but the level of its implementation is still very low. Regarding the implementation of the policy to ban incandescent lamps, it was found that the barriers are universal, namely the lack of funding to support the policy actions, the high price of marketing energy efficient lamps, the deficit and doubtful quality of efficient lamps and the little knowledge of consumers and decision makers about the advantages of using energy efficient lamps. However, these data lead us to conclude that it is premature to think about the implementation of the policy to ban the import and sale of incandescent lamps in Mozambique, as there are actions that should be prioritized at this time, namely, the promotion of low consumption lamps, the dissemination of measures for the rational use of electricity in buildings, consumer awareness, the adoption of labels on household appliances and the drafting of specific legislation.

Analisis Audit Energi Terhadap Intensitas Konsumsi Energi Listrik Sistem Pencahayaan dan Sistem Penyimpanan Ikan di Cold Storage Kabupaten Malang

Nowadays energy has a very important role in the life of human civilization. One of the energy that is still widely used and almost cannot be reduced from the community is electrical energy. Energy audit is one of the processes in managing energy use to become more efficient. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential for energy savings that can be carried out optimally and accurately in Cold Storage, Malang Regency. This study uses data collection methods with Web-based Power Quality Meter PM5110 and account data from energy use during the period June 2020 to May 2021. Data retrieval using a Web-based Power Quality Meter PM5110 which is carried out for 24 hours on weekdays, then the total consumption of kWh in one day reached 119,538 kWh, while the total usage of kWh in one month is 3586.14 kWh for the month of June and for the total usage for the period of one year is 43631.37 kWh. Regarding the value of energy consumption kWh in a period of one year, it can be generated by dividing the total energy consumed by the building in one year by the total gross floor area of the building. Based on the results of the IKE calculation in the Cold Storage Building, Malang Regency from the results before the recommendation of 34.91 kWh/m2/year and for the result after the recommendation is 174,841 kWh/m2/year, which is included in the very efficient category according to the ASEAN USAID 1987 standard. For energy saving opportunities in the lighting system and cooling system, it can be done by using energy-efficient lamps and changing the operating pattern in the cooling room.

An approach to energy efficient lighting design for economic residential flats

The lighting design in a residential building now-a-days is not only limited to general lighting but also it is focused to provide quality lighting with the help of wide range of available luminaire with different orientations as well as colours with efficient use of energy, that opens up accurate characteristics of specific areas in any room of the building. The affordable housings in many states are some of the examples of residential building where most of the flats in a typical floor are using conventional lighting systems which are not energy efficient and light level is low compared to standards. This paper is mainly focused to provide a budget friendly as well as energy efficient lighting design with the help of new and energy efficient lamps using DIALux Software, which can be proposed to renovate the existing conventional lighting systems. In this paper effort has been made to reduce the power consumption in all rooms and lux levels has been achieved as per standard values along with good amount of energy saving with the use of newer technologies.

Analisis Audit Energi Terhadap Intensitas Konsumsi Energi Listrik Sistem Pencahayaan dan Sistem Penyimpanan Ikan di Cold Storage Kabupaten Malang

Nowadays energy has a very important role in the life of human civilization. One of the energy that is still widely used and almostcannot be reduced from the community is electrical energy. Energy audit is one of the processes in managing energy use to bec ome more efficient. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential for energy savings that can be carried out optimally and accurately in Cold Storage, Malang Regency. This study uses data collection methods with Web-based Power Quality Meter PM5110 and account data from energy use during the period June 2020 to May 2021. Data retrieval using a Web-based Power Quality Meter PM5110 which is carried out for 24 hours on weekdays, then the total consumption of kWh in one day reached 119,538 kWh, while the total usage of kWh in one month is 3586.14 kWh for the month of June and for the total usage for the period of one year is 43631.37 kWh. Regarding the value of energy consumption kWh in a period of one year, it can be generated by dividing the total energy consumed by the building in one year by the total gross floor area of the building. Based on the results of the IKE calculation in the Cold Storage Building, Malang Regency from the results before the recommendation of 34.91 kWh/m2/year and for the result after the recommendation is 174,841 kWh/m2/year, which is included in the very efficient category according to the ASEAN USAID 1987 standard. For energy saving opportunities in the lighting system and cooling system, it can be done by using energy-efficient lamps and changing the operating pattern in the cooling room.

PERBAIKAN INSTALASI LISTRIK DAN PEMASANGAN SAKLAR OTOMATIS PHOTO CONTROL SENSOR LAMPU PENERANGAN DI MASJID RIYADUS SOLIHIN KAMPUNG KEBON DUREN RT 03 / RW 04 KELURAHAN KALIMULYA KECAMATAN CILODONG KOTA DEPOK

The title of Community Service Activities is "Repair of Electrical Installations and Installation of Automatic Switches for Photo Control Light Sensors at the Riyadus Solihin Mosque, Kebon Duren Village RT 03 / RW 04 Kelurahan Kalimulya Cilodong District, Depok City." This activity is based on the aim of improving public facilities and infrastructure, in this case the Riyadus Solihin Mosque in the electricity sector to support religious activities carried out by the surrounding community. This activity will provide education to the surrounding community about the importance of maintaining the safety of lighting electrical installations and the use of energy-efficient lamps through repairing damaged electrical installations and installing energy-saving automatic switches. The expected results with the repair of electrical installations will contribute to the safety and tidiness of electrical installations with maintained continuity. In addition, this activity also carried out the installation of an automatic light switch that functions to turn on and turn off the lighting so that it will save electrical energy in an era where the economic needs of society are increasing today.

Peningkatan Efisiensi Sistem Pencahayaan Dan Pendingin Gedung Bertingkat Berbasis Green Building

Waste of energy in a building causes increase in operating costs for electricity bills. To solve this problem, a building requires energy management planning. Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is used to know the energy requirements usage in buildings. Redesign the lighting and cooling system used a simulation model of room lighting and heat loads using the Dialux simulation software for lighting and DACCS for cooling. The results of energy simulation calculations using the Dialux and DACCS software,lighting that uses energy-efficient lamps and utilizes daylight, with inverter cooling with high coefficient of performance is proven to save energy operating costs of 6,904.32 kWh / month and 82,851.84 kWh / year. The results of the Life Cycle Cost that have been carried out show that the use of the existing system for 5 years costs Rp. 3,014,021,105. By using the redesign system costs Rp. 2,937,693,255. The redesign system can save as much as Rp. 76,327,850.

Comparative Assessments of CFLs, Incandescent and LEDs Bulbs for Energy Efficient Lighting System in Building

Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) and Light Emitting Diode (LEDs) are fast replacing incandescent bulbs in most residential buildings because they are designed to fit into most lamp holders originally designed for incandescent bulbs. The aim of this work is to look at to what extent the usage of Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) or Light Emitting Diode (LEDs) can help reduce energy demand and how energy wastage in residential buildings due to lighting can be addressed by using energy efficient lamps. Energy meter was used to measure the actual energy in kWh (kilowatt-hour) of each bulb. Lux meter was used to measure the luminance (brightness) between CFLs, LEDs and Incandescent bulbs. Lighting point calculation for a three bedroom flat was carried out and the number of lighting points required to light up the building was calculated. An estimate of energy consumed for one year by the different bulbs using the readings from the energy meter was done and the prices of the bulbs was compared to ascertain if the cost outweighs the energy consumption. The prices of incandescent bulbs when compare to CFLs and LEDs in local stores is far cheaper than CFLs and LEDs with a burden of huge cost in lighting the incandescent bulbs due to energy wastage. Lighting design calculation for a three bedroom flat was carried out using IES (Illuminating Engineering Society) recommendation for different area. It was observed that LEDs bulbs can save almost 86.4% energy consumed by Incandescent bulbs while using CFLs bulbs can save 78.8% energy consumed by incandescent bulbs. Hence, LEDs is the most energy efficient bulb, by using LEDs in every home there will be a reduction of over 80% energy consumption due to lighting when compared to incandescent. DOI: 10.7176/JETP/10-5-04 Publication date: September 30 th 2020

Techno-economic viability of off-grid standalone PV-powered LED street lighting system in Lagos, Nigeria

The majority of the street lighting systems in Nigeria are predominantly composed of inefficient lighting fixtures powered either by the grid or diesel generators. Due to the epileptic nature of the grid and the fluctuations in diesel fuel pump prices, these methods for powering street lights are neither reliable nor sustainable. Use of energy-efficient lamps and photovoltaic (PV) panels has the tendency to reduce energy consumption and emissions. This study therefore presents a techno-economic analysis of deploying energy-efficient PV-powered street lighting systems using simple economic metrics. Environmental benefits of the proposed systems were also assessed by analyzing the reduction in CO2 emission as well as the equivalent of oil saved. Relative to the existing grid-powered metal halide system, installation of LED PV-powered street light reduced energy consumption by at least 80%, while the grid-powered LED configuration reduced energy consumption by 80%. Economic analysis shows that the simple payback period (SPP) for the LED PV-powered technology was less than three years, while that of the grid-powered LED system was less than two years. The LED PV-powered technology had the highest CO2 emission reduction of approximately 225 tonnes annually. Overall, street lighting using PV-powered and grid-powered LED is economically viable considering the payback time, net present value (NPV) and lifetime.

Residents’ lamp purchasing behaviour, indoor lighting characteristics and choices in Swedish homes

Indoor lighting is known to affect people’s wellbeing, mood and behaviour. The rapid development of new energy-efficient lamp technologies has enabled new lighting applications in home environments. To investigate the prospects of introducing a personalised light emitting diode (LED)-based home lighting technology, a mixed-methods research study was carried out, applying the goal-framing theory. The results, based on a questionnaire survey ( N = 536), show that purchasing costs of energy-efficient lamps have little effect on consumers’ lamp choices, and that the degree of consumer acceptance of LED lamps has increased in recent years without resulting in increased lighting use. The results confirm that Swedish homes are characterised by many lamps, an average of 39 per home, but there is a significant variation across tenure type. Based on a qualitative analysis of interviews with 12 participants, the conclusion can be drawn that residents seem to know what kind of lighting they want, but they do not necessarily have what they want for a variety of reasons. Besides individual characteristics, situational factors influence residents’ home lighting and visual comfort, such as the indoor built home environment and the availability of lighting products. Consequently, responsibility for residents’ actual home lighting also lies with housing developers, lighting producers and providers.

OUTDOOR LIGHTING DEVELOPMENT IN TOMSK

The paper deals with the history of development of the outdoor lighting in Tomsk. The stages of pre-electric and electric lighting are described and their connection with the most important discoveries and inventions in the field of lighting technology. The paper traces the outdoor lighting development in Tomsk from the first kerosene street lamps to modern energyefficient photodiode lamps. This dynamics reflects the development of lighting engineering and town planning policy at the historical stages of the 19–21st centuries.

THE METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT EMERGENCY LIGHTING SYSTEM

Purpose. The research of methodological approach to construction of reliable and effective emergency lighting system, which works without the use of stationary electric networks from electricity, producible in result of photovoltaic conversion of artificial radiation from lamp of working (general) lighting in visible range of spectrum.Methodology. The experimental researches concerned the construction of the energy-efficient emergency lighting system which works without the use of stationary power source are conducted.Research results. As result of research the experimental model of lamp was constructed showing the possibility of emergency illumination realization on the base of the most widespread common illumination luminescent lamps of ceiling type due to electric power produced at conversion of luminescent lamps artificial light stream by the sun panels placed on their surfaces.Originality. Within the bounds of developed methodological approach the first time it was shown the possibility of multifunction energy-efficient lamp construction combining the working and emergency illumination functions without the use of the stationary power systems.Practical value. With use of the developed methodological approach on the base of standard constructions of the luminescent lighting systems it is possible to design the multifunction energy-efficient lamp, that will help to resolve the problem of energy-saving that gains in importance last years in connection with the all increasing electric power use including lighting needs.

Mobile system for measuring the color characteristics of objects

The article deals with the problem of creating a mobile device for measuring the color characteristics of both light sources and unlighted objects when illuminated with white light. The device is based on the TCS230 sensor, which contains a matrix of photosensors with calibrated filters, digital control and a digital output signal. Measured chroma signals are read by the microcontroller and transmitted via the Bluetooth module to a mobile device (smartphone, tablet) that works in the Android operating system. The developed application for the mobile device allows to receive information from the microcontroller through the radio channel, to calculate the color characteristics of the object, to visualize the measurement results, to store the results on the device or to transmit via the Internet to the cloud services for further processing. The instrument was calibrated on standard lamps with known color temperatures, as well as measuring the color temperatures of energy-efficient lamps.

Remote identification of liquids in a dielectric container using millimeter waves. 1. Principal possibility

Thepossibility of applying short-range radiolocation in millimeter wave range for problem of remote identification of flammable and hazardous liquids, enclosed in dielectric containers is demonstrated for the first time. Developed measurement setup allows indoor investigations; and the level of emitted power of utilized devices is insignificantly higher than background noise level, or, equivalently, thermal radiation. The described radiometric measurement setup enables discriminating liquids having different physical and chemical properties, in particular discriminate between water and gasoline containers. Applying additional illumination, which increases the contrast of the object under test, is one of one of the features of developed design. Various noise sources were investigated to be used as additional illumination. It was shown that in case of short-range radiolocation, energy-efficient fluorescent lamp is the most affordable choice of radiometric illumination. Such lamp not only ensures sufficient noise level in the operating frequency domain, but also has in-built modulation device that allows using modulation regime of the receiver and enables higher sensitivity.

Development and assessment of a solar home system to cover cooking and lighting needs in developing regions as a better alternative for existing practices

An estimated 1.2 billion people around the world don't have access to electricity, while many more suffer from supply that is of poor quality. Domestic energy poverty is most severe in the rural areas of South Asia, South East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Basic energy needs, such as cooking and lighting, are covered using traditional biomass and fossil fuels. These are consumed inefficiently in fire stoves and flame lamps. This situation hampers economic growth and social development and implies severe stress on resources and the environment. Photovoltaics could play a major role in overcoming domestic energy poverty, especially as most of the affected regions are within the Earth's Sunbelt. This paper provides such a solution in the form of a solar home system with lithium-ion battery in combination with an energy efficient multicooker and LED lamps to cover the needs for cooking and lighting for one family. A solar home system layout is provided and assessed in terms of its cost and benefits in contrast with the existing practices for cooking and lighting in developing regions. Thereby, evolutionary aspects are taken into account to capture the incremental cost advantage of the solar home system technology over time, and with that support the idea of projecting large-scale implementation in developing regions.

A survey of power supply and lighting patterns in North Central Nigeria—The energy saving potentials through efficient lighting systems

While power crises persist in Africa with many heads of governments placing priority on power generation, the need for energy conservation through efficient lighting can be a short-term solution. This paper compiles the power supply and consumption pattern from lighting of six cities and towns in North Central Nigeria. A total of 1637 residential households were surveyed. Each compound had 2 to 4 houses. Most of the households surveyed had a combination of modern and local buildings such as huts. The work revealed that the predominant form of electricity consumption is in lighting. Electricity supply is found to last for an average of 5days a week and 9.8h a day. The major electric lighting source is the 60W and 100W incandescent bulbs, but a significant population uses both incandescent and energy efficient lamps (e.g. compact fluorescent lamps, CFLs) for their lighting needs. In the absence of public power supply, kerosene and low power generators are used as alternative sources for lighting. The number of kerosene lamps in a residential compound was found to be 3 or more. About 70 per cent of power generated in Nigeria can be saved if efficient lighting sources such as CFLs and solid state lighting are urgently adapted. Also, an estimated 796.4 billion naira (US$4.98 billion) will be saved annually from fuel to power electric generators if they are replaced by solar- based lighting.