Energy Efficiency In Internet Research Articles

Sustainability by Efficiency: Energy Considerations in IoT Device Development

The widespread use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has brought about an unparalleled level of connectedness, revolutionizing several sectors and everyday existence. However, there are serious worries over the energy usage and environmental effect of these devices due to their increasing deployment. The urgent problem of improving energy efficiency in Internet of Things devices is explored in this study abstract. Acknowledging the complex issues, we examine the condition of IoT device architecture at the moment, focusing on elements that lead to excessive energy usage. We examine cutting-edge techniques via an extensive examination, such as advanced computing paradigms like edge and fog computing, low-power hardware design, and energy-efficient communication protocols. The study also looks at case studies and tests conducted in the real world, providing concrete proof of the efficacy of various energy-saving strategies. Even with significant progress, issues with security, privacy, and scalability still exist. We address the trade-offs between performance and energy efficiency, highlighting the necessity of standardizing solutions. Promising future prospects are outlined in our article, such as the incorporation of block chain applications, revolutionary developments in battery technology, and renewable energy sources. The purpose of this study abstract is to direct researchers, industry practitioners, and policymakers towards sustainable solutions for reducing the energy footprint of Internet of Things devices by offering a thorough view of the present scenario and forward-looking tactics.

Energy awareness and energy efficiency in internet of things middleware: a systematic literature review

Energy awareness and energy efficiency in internet of things middleware: a systematic literature review

Overlay Cognitive IoT-Based Full-Duplex Relaying NOMA Systems With Hardware Imperfections

Energy harvesting with cognitive radio and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques offer a promising solution to enhance the spectral and energy efficiency in Internet of Things (IoT) networks. This article investigates the performance of an overlay cognitive NOMA (OCNOMA) system tailored for IoT applications. Herein, the primary network includes a primary transmitter-receiver pair, whereas the secondary network comprises an energy-constrained full-duplex (FD) relaying-based secondary transmitter (ST) with its intended multiple receivers. Accordingly, ST employs a time-switching (TS)/power-splitting (PS)-based receiver architecture to harvest the energy from the radio-frequency signal of primary transmission and, thereby, uses this energy to relay the primary signal and to transmit its own signals simultaneously using the OCNOMA principle. For this, we propose a cooperative spectrum-sharing transmission (CSST) scheme using the decode-and-forward relaying strategy, while considering the realistic assumptions of FD-based loop self-interference, NOMA-based imperfect successive interference cancelation, and the transceiver hardware impairments in IoT devices. Adopting Nakagami- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> fading environments, we comprehensively analyze the performance by deriving the expressions of the outage probability for the primary and secondary networks for the FD-based CSST scheme under both TS and PS protocols. Thereby, we disclose some apposite ceiling effects and provide an insight on deciding the value of the OCNOMA power allocation factor for efficacious spectrum-sharing cooperation. We further quantify throughput and energy efficiency for the overall system. Our results demonstrate the performance advantages of the proposed FD CSST scheme over the benchmark schemes and provide useful guidelines for the practical design of cognitive IoT networks.

Improving Energy Efficiency in Internet of Things using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Background: With the advent of IoT, the deployment of batteries with a limited lifetime in remote areas is a major concern. In certain conditions, the network lifetime gets restricted due to limited battery constraints. Subsequently, the collaborative approaches for key facilities to reduce the constraint demands of the current security protocols. Objective: This work covers and combines a wide range of concepts linked by IoT based on security and energy efficiency. Specifically, this study examines the WSN energy efficiency problem among IoT devices and security for the management of threats in IoT through collaborative approaches and finally outlines the future. The concept of energy-efficient key protocols which clearly cover heterogeneous IoT communications among peers with different resources has been developed. Because of the low capacity of sensor nodes, the energy efficiency in WSNs has been an important concern. Methods: In this paper, we present an algorithm for Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) which reviews security and energy consumption to discuss their constraints in the IoT scenarios. Results: The results of a detailed experimental assessment are analyzed in terms of communication cost, energy consumption and security, which prove the relevance of a proposed ABC approach and a key establishment. Conclusion: The validation of DTLS-ABC consists of designing an inter-node cooperation trust model for the creation of a trusted community of elements that are mutually supportive. Initial attempts to design the key methods for management are appropriate individual IoT devices. This gives the system designers, an option that considers the question of scalability.

A multimode and multithreshold approach for energy efficiency in Internet of things systems

The IEEE 802.15.4 is designed for wireless personal area networks. Indeed, wireless personal area network turns out to help greatly in maintaining a flexible mode of communication within limited area networks. It is in this context that our present study can be set, in which the beacon-enabled mode is enabled with cluster tree topology to reach the scope of a rather extended network, whereby the network turns out to be clustered into several subgroups. Every single subgroup is characterized by its specific duty cycle which is configured by its correspondent personal area network coordinator. Therefore, many modes are enabled in the same network. Based on a very special mathematical model developed by us for energy consumption, the personal area network coordinator detects the actual level of energy in the battery of node. Then, an interesting comparison is made with the multiple thresholds which are already set. After that, both beacon order and superframe order (the standard IEEE 802.15.4 parameters) are recomputed with reference to the remaining energy.

A Sleep-Awake Scheme Based on CoAP for Energy-Efficiency in Internet of Things

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) have developed Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) to enable communication between sensor or actuator nodes in constrained environments, such as small amount of memory, and low power. IETF CoAP and HTTP are used to monitor or control environments in Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M). In this paper, we present a sleep-awake scheme based on CoAP for energy efficiency in Internet of Things. This scheme supports to increase energy efficiency of IoT nodes using CoAP protocol. We have slightly modified the IoT middleware to improve CoAP protocol to conserve energy in the IoT nodes. Also, the IoT middleware includes some functionality of the CoRE Resource Directory (RD) and the Message Queue (MQ) broker with IoT nodes to synchronize sleepy status.