Energy Dispersive Spectrometer Spectra Research Articles

Influence of ZrO2 and TiO2 nano particles in P(VDF-TrFE) composite for energy harvesting application

The Zirconium and Titanium ceramic materials are used to make PZT (Lead zirconate titanate) piezoelectric ceramic composite. In this article, the Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) ceramic fillers with, ferroelectric polymer PolyVinyliDene fluoride-Tri Fluoro Ethylene (P(VDF-TrFE)) are utilized to make the ZrO2/P(VDF-TrFE) and TiO2 /P(VDF-TrFE) nano-composite thinfilm for flexible vibration energy harvester application. The scanning electron microscopes (SEM) with (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer spectrum) EDS examine the TiO2, ZrO2 fillers present in the composite. The ceramic fillers molecules Ti 2p and Zr 3d binding energy are confirm by X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Each composite reaches their piezoelectric β- phases are confirm by Fourier Transform—Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The low surface roughness of the thin-film reaches more flexibility and deformation of a cantilever. The ZrO2/P(VDF-TrFE) composite is obtained low average surface value of 10 nm in the region of 50 µm is measured from Gwyddion software. The ceramic composite beam reaches their natural resonance frequency below 100 Hz is measure by Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV). The flexible cantilever beam nanogenerators produces peak-to-peak output voltage 8.2 V. The harvested output voltages are used at electronic devices and wireless sensor applications.

Growth of less than 20 nm SnO Nanowire Using AAO Template for Gas Sensing

Large-scale stannous oxide (SnO) nanowires were synthesized via a template and catalyst-free thermal oxidation process. After annealing Sn nanowires embedded AAO template in atmosphere, we observed a large scale of SnO nanowires. SnO nanowires were first prepared via the electrochemical deposition and an oxidization method based on an AAO template. The preparation of SnO nanowires use aluminum sheet (purity 99.999%) and then two-step anodization procedure to obtain raw alumina mold. Finally, transparent alumina mold (AAO template) were obtained by the reaming, soaking with phosphoric acid for 20 minutes and a stripping process. We get a pore size of < 20 nm transparent alumina mold. In order to electroplating needs, we produce platinum film on the bottom surface of AAO template by using sputtering method as the electrode of electroplating deposition. The structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with x-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) was used to observe the morphology. The EDS spectrum showed that components of the materials are Sn and O. FE-SEM results show the synthesized SnO nanowires to have an approximate length of ~ 10 - 20 μm with a highly aspect ratio > 500. SnO nanowires with an Sn/O atomic ratio of ~ 1 : 1 were observed from EDS. The crystal structure of SnO nanowires showed that all the peaks within the spectra can be indexed to SnO with a tetragonal structure. This studies may lead to the use of the 1D structure nanowires into electronic nanodevices and/or sensors, thus leading to nanobased functional structures.

Effect of poly(ether ether ketone) and allyl compounds on microstructure and properties of bismaleimide

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was obtained by oxidizing poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) with concentrated sulfuric acid. Bismaleimide (BMI) resin was used as matrix; 3,3′-diallyl bisphenol A (BBA) and bisphenol A diallyl ether (BBE) as reactive diluent; SPEEK as modifier. SPEEK/BBA–BBE–BMI composites were prepared with compression molding method. The modification effects of SPEEK and microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal stability and dielectric properties of composites are studied. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer spectrum analysis show that sulfonation effect of SPEEK is obvious. The micromorphology of SPEEK/BBA–BBE–BMI composites shows that SPEEK exhibits a porous and two-phase structure, which uniformly disperses in matrix. The fracture morphology of rugged river pattern gives the composite excellent performance. Mechanical properties results indicate that the flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength of composites are improved significantly; they are 147.93 MPa, 4.15 GPa and 15.74 kJ/mm2, which are higher 49.47%, 45.61% and 66.21% than those of matrix, respectively, when the content of SPEEK is 5 wt%. The thermal decomposition temperature is 460 °C, which is 15 °C higher than that of matrix. Dielectric constant of composite is 2.415 at a frequency of 100 Hz. Dielectric loss tangent of composites is slightly higher than that of matrix resin in the low frequency region. However, it appears to first decrease and then increase with the increases of SPEEK in the high frequency. Volume resistivity shows a peak value of 19.3 × 1015 Ω m at a frequency of 100 Hz. The composite material properties are the best when the content of SPEEK is 5 wt%.

Ag-deposited hollow mesoporous silica microspheres for rapid decolorizing of dye pollutants

In this paper, we demonstrate a facile electroless plating method for fabricating silver nanoparticles deposited onto hollow mesoporous silica microspheres (Ag-HMSM), which were developed as an novel catalyst for catalytic reduction of rhodamine B (Rh-B). The products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy image, and energy dispersive spectrometer spectrum. The results reveal the Ag-HMSM possess uniform spherical shape and diameter (about 410 nm) with well-dispersed Ag nanoparticles of about 5 nm. The catalytic activity of Ag-HMSM for the reduction of Rh-B in presence of NaBH4 was investigated by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The study shows that Rh-B (2.0 × 10−4 M) could be reduced by Ag-HMSM within 12 min at a concentration of 25 ppm or within 2 min at 125 ppm. Ag nanoparticle-deposited HMSM provide new insight on the preparation of a catalyst for rapidly decolorizing dye pollutants.

Metal alloy and monoelemental nanoclusters in silica formed by sequential ion implantation and annealing in selected atmosphere

The preparation of metal alloy and monoelemental nanoclusters in silica by Ag, Cu ion sequential implantation and annealing in selected oxidizing or reducing atmosphere is studied. The formation of metastable Ag–Cu alloy is verified in the as-implanted samples by optical absorption spectra, selected area electron diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometer spectrum. The alloy is discomposed at elevated annealing temperature in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. The different effects of annealing behaviors on the Ag–Cu alloy nanoclusters are investigated.