Energy Delivery Research Articles

Significance of the local largest bipolar voltage for the optimized ablation strategy using very high-power short duration mode.

Very high-power short-duration (vHPSD) ablation creates shallower lesions, potentially reducing efficacy. This study aims to identify factors leading to insufficient lesions during pulmonary vein antral isolation (PVAI) with vHPSD-ablation and to develop an optimized PVAI strategy using this technology. PVAI was performed on 41 atrial fibrillation patients using vHPSD-ablation (90 W/4 s). Lesion parameters were recorded and analyzed to identify predictors of insufficient lesions. An optimized PVAI strategy, based on these predictors, was tested in subsequent 42 patients. In total, 3099 RF-applications, including 103(3.3%) insufficient lesions, were analyzed. First-pass PVAI was achieved in 19/40(47.5%) right PVs and 24/41(58.5%) left PVs. Multivariate analysis identified significant predictors of insufficient lesions: local largest bipolar voltage (Bi-V), average contact force, baseline impedance, impedance drop, temperature rise, inter-lesion distance (ILD), and anatomical location (carina or not). An ILD:4-6 mm increased the risk of insufficient lesions 2.2-fold, and lesions at the carina increased it 3.6-fold for both ILD < 4 mm and ILD:4-6 mm. Local largest Bi-V was the strongest predictor for insufficient lesions. The optimized PVAI approach, utilizing vHPSD-ablation with an ILD < 4 mm in non-carinal areas with Bi-V < 4 mV, and high-power ablation-index guided ablation (HPAI, 50 W, ablation-index:450-550) in remaining areas, achieved first-pass PVAI in 92.7% of right PVs and 88.1% of left PVs, using vHPSD-ablation in approximately 65% of total RF-applications. The optimized PVAI achieved significantly higher first-pass PVI rate (p < .0001) with shorter ablation time (p = .04). Appropriate use of vHPSD and HPAI, based on local largest Bi-V and anatomical information, may achieve high first-pass PVAI rates in shorter ablation time with minimal energy delivery.

Low-carbon optimal dispatch of park integrated energy system considering coordinated ammonia production from multiple hydrogen energy

The utilization of ammonia energy has garnered considerable global attention as a viable approach to alleviate pressure on energy supply within park integrated energy systems (PIES) and enhance energy efficiency. However, the introduction of ammonia production requires the system to increase large amounts of hydrogen, diversifying the sources of hydrogen and challenging the coordinated operation of PIES. In this paper, the inertia characteristics of the gas and thermal energy delivery process are utilized to increase the flexibility of the PIES operation. A technological framework for coordinated ammonia production from multi-hydrogen energy in PIES under consideration of having inertia characteristics and a low-carbon operation strategy for ammonia-doped combustion in thermal generation is constructed. Limiting carbon emissions through a stepped carbon trading mechanism in this strategy. In addition, while addressing the ammonia-doped requirement for thermal generation combustion, and by flexibly setting the ammonia doping ratio of thermal generation combustion, the operation of PIES under different ammonia-doped ratios has been analyzed in detail. The results demonstrate that the proposed model enhances the utilization of renewable energy, leading to reduction in total economic costs by 4.52 % and total carbon emissions by 24.81 %. This makes the operation of PIES more economical, low-carbon, and flexible.

The impedance drop early after energy delivery predicts steam pops during radiofrequency ablation

Abstract Background Steam pops during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can cause serious complications. However, predictive factors for steam pops remain unclear. Purpose To investigate predictors for steam pops. Methods An in vitro experiment was performed using fresh bovine left ventricular myocardium. A myocardium cut into 4-5 cm slabs was fixed at the bottom of a constant temperature bath with temperature adjusted to 36.5 degrees Celsius, and a non-pulsatile flow rate of 5 L/min was generated. Using the catheter with a laser-cut 8Fr4.0mm flexible tip, RFA was applied at 30W, 60 seconds, perpendicular catheter placement to the tissue at various contact forces (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50g). A total of 138 lesions were created by applying RFA 23 times at each setting. Lesion depth and width were measured after RFA. Results Steam pops were observed in 49 of 138 lesions (36%). The higher impedance decrease in the first 5 seconds (-21.0±11.0Ω vs. -7.6±8.5Ω, P&amp;lt;0.0001), the larger impedance drop from initial to minimum impedance (if steam pop occurred, minimum impedance before steam pop was applied) (-28.9±13.0Ω vs. -13.1±12.9Ω, P&amp;lt;0.0001), higher initial impedance (132±48Ω vs. 87±38Ω, P&amp;lt;0.0001), power regulation by temperature control (44.9% vs 4.5%, P&amp;lt;0.0001), higher contact force (31.2±14.9g vs. 22.9±15.9g, P=0.0030), larger LSI (6.8±2.1 vs. 7.5±1.8, P=0.0037) were associated with steam pops. In multivariate analysis, the high impedance drops in the first 5 seconds (OR 2.0 for each 5Ω increase, 95%CI 1.0-1.3; P=0.033) and the power regulation by temperature control (OR 7.3, 95%CI 2.2-29.9; P=0.001) were independently related. In ROC curve analysis of the impedance drops in the first 5 seconds, an optimal cut-off value of steam pops was 8.0Ω (AUC 0.85, sensitivity 88%, specificity 73%) (figure 1). Steam pops were predicted with a sensitivity of 45% and specificity of 97% using both the impedance drop ≥ 8.0Ω in the first 5 seconds and power regulation by temperature control. Lesion depth and width were associated with total impedance reduction in lesions with an impedance drop &amp;lt; 8.0Ω during the first 5 seconds (R²=0.14, P=0.0012 with depth, R²=0.21, P&amp;lt;0.0001 with width), while were not associated with in lesions with an impedance drop ≥ 8.0Ω (figure 2). Conclusion The impedance drop early after RF energy delivery may predict steam pops during RFA.

OSC-GOR: Optimal Security-Aware Cluster-Based Hybrid Geographical and Opportunistic Routing for Vehicular ad hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are crucial for infrastructure-less vehicular communication. The dynamic and complex nature of VANETs necessitates efficient routing strategies. This paper introduces an optimal security-aware cluster-based hybrid geographical and opportunistic routing (OSC-GOR) for VANETs. By utilizing the improved bald eagle optimization (IBEO) algorithm, we achieve optimal clustering that enhances energy efficiency. Cluster heads (CHs) are elected based on trust, calculated from metrics like energy consumption and signal strength. A Poplar optimization algorithm (POA) further refines these metrics. Subsequently, an optimal min–max recurrent neural network (OMM-RNN) determines the next forwarder nodes, facilitating data transfer in VANETs. Implemented using the NS-2 tool and SUMO traffic generator, OSC-GOR showcases optimized clustering and superior network efficiency. Comparative simulations reveal OSC-GOR’s advantages in energy use, latency, delivery ratio, goodput, and routing overhead, outperforming existing methods. Notably, OSC-GOR effectively counters VANET attacks such as GPS spoofing and Sybil threats.

Methods and Techniques to Optimize Energy Delivery Using the Circular Array Pulsed Field Ablation Catheter

Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel method of cardiac ablation in which electrical fields are used to create microscopic pores in the cardiomyocyte cell membrane resulting in cell death. Unlike traditional thermal radiofrequency and cryoablation technologies, PFA is cardiomyocyte preferential, reducing the risk of collateral damage to the esophagus and phrenic nerve. However, achieving durable lesions with PFA is dependent on the proximity to the tissue and presently approved systems do not provide contact force sensing. The PulseSelect pulsed field ablation system is the first FDA approved/ CE marked/PMDA approved system for pulsed field ablation of atrial fibrillation, however there is no consensus on workflow and best practices. We present here real-world experience from our centers in the United States, Europe and Japan, and propose techniques and methods for incorporating fluoroscopy, electro-anatomical mapping, and intracardiac echocardiography to assure optimal lesion delivery and predictability.

The Influence of Prone Positioning on Energy and Protein Delivery in COVID-19 Patients Requiring ECMO Support

Background: Gastrointestinal dysfunction is a common complication of medical nutrition therapy in critically ill patients. Whether prone positioning leads to a deterioration in gastrointestinal function has not been fully clarified. Thus, we aimed to analyze the influence of prone positioning on the tolerance of medical nutrition therapy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 102 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (VV ECMO). Gastric residual volume (GRV) was used to assess the tolerance of enteral nutrition. Results: Nutritional data were collected for 2344 days. Undernutrition was observed in 40.8%, with a significantly higher incidence on days in prone position (48.4% versus 38.6%, p &lt; 0.001). On days in supine position, significantly more calories were administered enterally than on days in prone position (p &lt; 0.001). The mean GRV/24 h was 111.1 mL on days in supine position and 187.3 mL on days in prone position (p &lt; 0.001). Prone positioning was associated with higher rates of GRV of ≥500 mL/24 h independent of age, disease severity at ECMO start, ECMO runtime and ICU length of stay (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.06; 95%CI: 3.0–5.5; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Prone position was associated with lower tolerance of enteral nutrition, as indicated by an increased GRV. As a result, reduced enteral nutritional support was administered.

High‐temperature thermal conductivity measurement of porous ceramic coatings with a high heat flux CO2 laser rig

AbstractYttrium‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) plays a crucial role in thermal barrier coatings widely used to protect metallic components in gas turbine engines against high‐temperature combustion product gases and harsh environments. The thermal conductivity of these coatings is a critical parameter influencing the gas turbine design, performance, and service life. In this study, a laser temperature gradient method is utilized to measure the thermal conductivity of porous YSZ coatings. The method employs specialized laser energy delivery to create a one‐dimensional temperature gradient through the sample thickness, closely simulating the operational condition. This approach provides an effective, direct means to determine the thermal conductivity of high‐temperature heat‐resistant porous ceramic materials.

Research on the Dynamic Leaking and Diffusion Law of Hydrogen-Blended Natural Gas under the Soil–Atmosphere Coupled Model

With the breakthrough in mixing hydrogen into natural gas pipelines for urban use, the widespread application of hydrogen-blended natural gas (HBNG) in energy delivery is imminent. However, this development also introduces significant safety concerns due to notable disparities in the physical and chemical properties between methane and hydrogen, heightening the risks associated with gas leaks. Current models that simulate the diffusion of leaked HBNG from buried pipelines into the atmosphere often employ fixed average leakage rates, which do not accurately represent the dynamic nature of gas leakage and diffusion. This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) 2024R1 software to build a three-dimensional simulation model under a soil–atmosphere coupling model for HBNG leakage and diffusion. The findings reveal that, in the soil–atmosphere coupling model, the gas diffusion range under a fixed leakage rate is smaller than that under a dynamic leakage rate. Under the same influencing factors in calm wind conditions, the gas primarily diffuses in the vertical direction, whereas under the same influencing factors in windy conditions, the gas mainly diffuses in the horizontal direction.

Tailoring Physicochemical Properties of Photothermal Hydrogels Toward Intrinsically Regenerative Therapies

AbstractPhotothermal hydrogels (PTHs) are considered next‐generation biomaterials as they offer remotely defined biophysical information of the extracellular milieu. PTHs allow precise and non‐genetic control for the regeneration of native tissues, which is the ultimate goal of tissue engineering (TE). Molecular and physical properties of PTHs, such as components, structural configurations, and mechanical characteristics, collectively serve as determinants for understanding the dynamic tissue response and clinical translation. PTHs have entered a period of fruition due to the development of numerous manufacturing technologies and polymeric matrices. Herein, this review comprehensively and meticulously elucidates the mechanisms of regenerative therapeutics underlying the design and fabrication of PTHs. Recent advances in the photothermal principles and various categories of photothermal agents (PTAs) have been extensively discussed. Vital components and structures of PTHs are summarized to enable efficacious and precise therapeutic energy delivery. Emerging applications of PTHs in TE are also demonstrated, which expand the strategies for the intrinsic regeneration of injured tissues. Then deliberate the structural and chemical engineering of PTHs to enhance prognosis while highlighting the challenges associated with clinical translation. In this review, we aim to provide guidance and prospects for exploration and innovation of PTHs in the field of TE.

Silver Nanowire Aerogel Support Promotes Stable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction at High Current Density.

The stability of electrocatalysts during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is vital for efficient production of hydrogen energy. Herein, we demonstrate that silver nanowire aerogel-based support (AABS) could facilitate the construction of HER catalysts with extraordinary long-term stability. A full nanostructure catalyst of nickel phosphide based formed on AABS (Ni2P-Ni5P4@AABS) was prepared to achieve an overpotential of 687 mV (without iR compensation) for HER at the current density of 1 A cm-2 in 0.5 M H2SO4. Excitingly, the stable HER performance was kept for 42 days during the long-term stability (i-t) test at high current density (0.5-1 A cm-2). The excellent HER performance of the Ni2P-Ni5P4@AABS catalyst is attributed to rapid electron transport pathways, numerous more accessible active sites, and support induced enhanced catalytic activity. The support effect was highlighted by a proposed phenomenological two-channel model for electron transport, which provides fresh insights into the design strategy for energy storage and delivery.

In vitro characterization of radiofrequency ablation lesions in equine and swine myocardial tissue

Radiofrequency ablation is a promising technique for arrhythmia treatment in horses. Due to the thicker myocardial wall and higher blood flow in horses, it is unknown if conventional radiofrequency settings used in human medicine can be extrapolated to horses. The study aim is to describe the effect of ablation settings on lesion dimensions in equine myocardium. To study species dependent effects, results were compared to swine myocardium. Right ventricular and right and left atrial equine myocardium and right ventricular swine myocardium were suspended in a bath with circulating isotonic saline at 37 °C. The ablation catheter delivered radiofrequency energy at different-power-duration combinations with a contact force of 20 g. Lesion depth and width were measured and lesion volume was calculated. Higher power or longer duration of radiofrequency energy delivery increased lesion size significantly in the equine atrial myocardium and in equine and swine ventricular myocardium (P < 0.001). Mean lesion depth in equine atrial myocardium ranged from 2.9 to 5.5 mm with a diameter ranging from 6.9 to 10.1 mm. Lesion diameter was significantly larger in equine tissue compared to swine tissue (P = 0.020). Obtained data in combination with estimated wall thickness can improve lesion transmurality which might reduce arrhythmia recurrence. Optimal ablation settings may differ between species.

Blockchain-based privacy-preserving incentive scheme for internet of electric vehicle

The emerging proportion of renewable energy resources penetration and the rapid popularity of Electric Vehicles (EVs) have promoted the development of the Internet of Electric Vehicles (IoEV), which enables seamless EV’ information collection and energy delivery by leveraging wireless power transfer. However, vulnerabilities in internet infrastructure and the self-interested behavior of EVs pose significant security and privacy risks during energy delivery in IoEV. In addition, EVs often lack the incentive to cooperate for regional energy balance. To tackle these questions, this paper proposes a blockchain-based privacy-preserving incentive mechanism for energy delivery in IoEV. Based on cryptographic technology, this paper introduces a group signature scheme with self-controlled and sequential linkability, which safeguards the privacy of EV users and ensures transaction records maintain exact sequence during energy delivery. Furthermore, an incentive mechanism based on co-utile reputation management is presented to encourage EV users to participate honestly and cooperatively in energy delivery. Moreover, a comprehensive security analysis of the proposed group signature scheme and incentive mechanism is given. Finally, extensive experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed approach compared to existing schemes.

How to improve energy and protein delivery at intensive care unit

How to improve energy and protein delivery at intensive care unit

Cold-subduction biogeodynamics boosts deep energy delivery to the forearc

Metamorphic fluids in subduction zones carry C–H–N–O–P–S species, which are crucial for sustaining subsurface microbial life at shallower crustal depths in the forearc region. Upwards migration of deeply released fluids to shallower levels, where temperatures permit the persistence of microbial life, is recorded by metasomatic rocks formed along the plate interface. Variations in the redox state and component speciation of metamorphic fluids – from local to secular, and highly dependent on thermal gradients and redox state of subduction inputs – may strongly control microbial pathways or even the possibility for metamorphic fluids to sustain microbial communities in the subsurface biosphere at convergent plate margins. We show that metamorphic fluids containing reduced energy sources for microbial life – e.g., CH4, H2 – are common in Phanerozoic, high-pressure/low-temperature plate-interface metasomatic rocks such as jadeitites and albitites worldwide. Based on the stability fields of minerals hosting CH4, H2 and graphite inclusions, we pinpoint the protracted, probably episodic migration of energy sources in the mantle wedge via fluid circulation being mediated by jadeitites from > ca. 35 km depth, and by their retrogressed counterparts forming from between 35–15 km depth. These fluids can cross the so-called biotic fringe – whose limit is the depth corresponding to ca. 122–135 °C (as deep as ca. 13 km depth depending on geothermal gradients) – as suggested by previous documentation of slab-derived fluids reaching subsurface microbial communities. Thermodynamic modeling indicates that cool thermal gradients, possibly combined with increased inputs of organic matter-rich sediments into subduction, favor the abundance of reduced energy sources relative to more oxidized species (e.g., CO2), thus promoting the proliferation of subsurface microbial life at convergent margins.

Enhancing sustainable healthcare practices through energy-efficient wireless body area networks

This paper explores how the integration and performance of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) contribute to sustainable healthcare practices. WBANs play a crucial role in reducing the environmental footprint of healthcare systems by providing continuous monitoring that can prevent unnecessary hospitalizations and reduce the consumption of disposable medical supplies. Additionally, the design of WBANs using environmentally friendly materials, low-power devices, and recyclable components is discussed to optimize the sustainability of healthcare practices. To enhance infrastructure, services, and quality of life, new technologies have been integrated to improve WBANs. Patients' essential health data may be continuously and instantly collected thanks to these networks, and healthcare providers can receive the data right away for quick analysis and action. WBANs have healthcare benefits, but there are also major drawbacks. Technologies that can combine low power consumption, minimal delay, and high enough data rates are needed for WBANs in order to support a variety of medical applications. The effectiveness of the LoRaWAN and IEEE 802.15.6 technologies in WBAN is assessed in this paper. With the use of seven crucial metrics which are throughput, arrival rate, delay, energy consumption, residual energy, network lifetime, and packet delivery ratio (PDR), this paper seeks to study which technology is appropriate with WBANs using NS3 as a simulation program. With network parameters, 1000 seconds, and 50 nodes, the paper evaluated the performance of each technology. The results show that IEEE 802.15.6 is superior in terms of throughput, PDR, and arrival rate whereas LoRaWAN is superior in terms of energy consumption, residual energy, network lifetime, and delay.

Laser Weeding Technology in Cropping Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Weed infestations pose significant challenges to global crop production, demanding effective and sustainable weed control methods. Traditional approaches, such as chemical herbicides, mechanical tillage, and plastic mulches, are not only associated with environmental concerns but also face challenges like herbicide resistance, soil health, erosion, moisture content, and organic matter depletion. Thermal methods like flaming, streaming, and hot foam distribution are emerging weed control technologies along with directed energy systems of electrical and laser weeding. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of laser weeding technology, comparing it with conventional methods and highlighting its potential environmental benefits. Laser weeding, known for its precision and targeted energy delivery, emerges as a promising alternative to conventional control methods. This review explores various laser weeding platforms, discussing their features, applications, and limitations, with a focus on critical areas for improvement, including dwell time reduction, automated navigation, energy efficiency, affordability, and safety standards. Comparative analyses underscore the advantages of laser weeding, such as reduced environmental impact, minimized soil disturbance, and the potential for sustainable agriculture. This paper concludes by outlining key areas for future research and development to enhance the effectiveness, accessibility, and affordability of laser weeding technology. In summary, laser weeding presents a transformative solution for weed control, aligning with the principles of sustainable and environmentally conscious agriculture, and addressing the limitations of traditional methods.

The role of green ammonia in meeting challenges towards a sustainable development in China

The shift to a sustainable development has become an important issue in China. This paper discusses the role of green ammonia in promoting China's energy, environmental and economic sustainability which has not drawn enough attention. First, key challenges in China's energy transition, decarbonisation and regional sustainable development are explored. The coal-dominated energy consumption has placed great obstacles in achieving energy transition and led to massive CO2 emission since the large-scale industrialization. The high dependency on oil and gas import has threatened China's energy security. Imbalanced and unsustainable regional development is identified with data envelopment analysis. Second, the potential of green ammonia in meeting these challenges is analysed. Ammonia is examined to be a flexible and economic option for large-scale hydrogen transport and storage. Co-firing ammonia in coal power generation at 3 % rate is evaluated as an option for achieving low-carbon transition by 2030. Benefits of developing a green ammonia economy is discussed from energy, environmental and economic aspects. The practice can decline fossil energy consumption, enhance energy security, and facilitate renewable energy delivery and storage, industry decarbonisation, and regional development. We assume the findings and results contribute to addressing sustainability challenges and realizing a hydrogen economy in China.

Application of Deep Learning to Optimize Gradient Porosity Profile for Improved Energy Density of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries with high active material loading can yield a high energy density at low C-rates. However, the sluggish ion transport caused by longer and more tortuous pathways hinders high energy delivery when extracting high power. This study presents the implementation of neural networks to optimize the gradient active material distribution profile throughout the thickness of electrodes to enhance energy density. The profiles were randomly generated, while maintaining a constant average active material in each electrode. An electrochemical–thermal model was used to investigate the impact of different profiles. A neural network model was then developed to establish the connection between the profiles and the resulting energy density for various electrode thicknesses and C-rates, utilizing a limited amount of simulation data. The neural network model could replicate the performance of the electrochemical–thermal model, but with significantly reduced computational time. This enabled the possibility of efficiently exploring a vast number of candidate profiles to identify the most optimal one for each of the positive and negative electrodes. The results showed that the gradient profiles were mostly influenced by the average active material, rather than the thickness of the electrode. Finally, at high currents, the optimal gradient profiles increased the energy density by over four times compared to uniform electrodes.

Assessment of thermochromic phantoms for characterizing microwave ablation devices.

Thermochromic gel phantoms provide a controlled medium for visual assessment of thermal ablation device performance. However, there are limited studies reporting on the comparative assessment of ablation profiles assessed in thermochromic gel phantoms against those in ex vivo tissue. The objective of this study was to compare microwave ablation zones in a thermochromic tissue-mimicking gel phantom and ex vivo bovine liver and to report on measurements of the temperature-dependent dielectric and thermal properties of the phantom. Thermochromic polyacrylamide phantoms were fabricated following a previously reported protocol. Phantom samples were heated to temperatures in the range of 20°C-90°C in a temperature-controlled water bath, and colorimetric analysis of images of the phantom taken after heating was used to develop a calibration between color changes and the temperature to which the phantom was heated. Using a custom, 2.45GHz water-cooled microwave ablation antenna, ablations were performed in fresh ex vivo liver and phantoms using 65W applied for 5min or 10min (n=3 samples in each medium for each power/time combination). Broadband (500MHz-6GHz) temperature-dependent dielectric and thermal properties of the phantom were measured over the temperature range of 22°C-100°C. Colorimetric analysis showed that the sharp change in gel phantom color commences at a temperature of 57°C. Short and long axes of the ablation zone in the phantom (as assessed by the 57°C isotherm) for 65W, 5min ablations were aligned with the extents of the ablation zone observed in ex vivo bovine liver. However, for the 65W, 10min setting, ablations in the phantom were on average 23.7% smaller in the short axis and 7.4 % smaller in the long axis than those observed in ex vivo liver. Measurements of the temperature-dependent relative permittivity, thermal conductivity, and volumetric heat capacity of the phantom largely followed similar trends to published values for ex vivo liver tissue. Thermochromic tissue-mimicking phantoms provides a controlled, and reproducible medium for comparative assessment of microwave ablation devices and energy delivery settings. However, ablation zone size and shapes in the thermochromic phantom do not accurately represent ablation sizes and shapes observed in ex vivoliver tissue for high energy delivery treatments (65W, 10min). One cause for this limitation is the difference in temperature-dependent thermal and dielectric properties of the thermochromic phantom compared to ex vivobovine liver tissue, as reported in the present study.

Flame propagation, explosion hazard, and pollutant emission characterization of typical clean fuels leaks in plateau low-pressure region

To accelerate energy transformation and sustainable development, various countries are rushing to lay hydrogen doped natural gas pipelines. However, the installation of pipelines will pass through plateau low-pressure region, and the impact of low-pressure environments on the flame propagation, explosion hazards, and pollutant emission characteristics of hydrogen doped natural gas is not yet clear. To solve this problem, a combination of constant volume combustion experiment and numerical simulations is used. The characterization parameters of flame, explosion and pollutant concentration of natural gas/H2/air under low-pressure environment are obtained, and their chemical reaction kinetics are analyzed. When the pressure drops, the laminar burning velocity (LBV) of them increases, and the Lewis number (Le) gradually increases by more than 1. Thermal diffusion is stronger than mass diffusion, and the growth rate of flame thickness exceeds 26 %. The effect of hydrodynamic instability enhances, causing an increment in the average size of flame cells, the critical instability radius, and the Markstein length (Lu). At the equivalent ratio (φ) of 1, there is a change from negative to positive in the Lu, and flame stability continuously strengthens. The explosion overpressure is reduced by 78 % to 90 %, the explosion temperature by 16 % to 20 %. As the φ increases, the LBV exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship, reaching its maximum value near “φ = 1″. The flame stability first weakens and then strengthens. The explosion hazard is strongest in the range of ”φ = 1–1.2″. With a decrease in pressure, the total reaction rate of fuel consumption is reduced by more than 50 %. The continuous reaction distance is extended by 12 %. Changes in pressure have a relatively weak impact on the content of CO and CO2. The increase in the φ results in an increase in CO content of over 7 %. The content of CO2 reaches its maximum value around “φ = 1″. It is an essential reference for the safe delivery of hydrogen energy and the reduction of environmental pollution.