Energy Consumption Of High-rise Buildings Research Articles

High strength concrete in high-rise reinforced concrete buildings: A sustainable solution to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions

Reinforced concrete is an important construction material that is of great research value in industry and science. Today, it is one of the most widely used materials in high-rise buildings around the world. However, at the same time, this kind of construction production activity has a non-negligible impact on the earth's environment, mainly in terms of its consumption of environmental resources and carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to reduce the burden of high-rise reinforced concrete buildings on the environment and achieve sustainable development. Through reading and analyzing the literature, it could be inferred that the use of high strength concrete reduces the volume of structural components as well as making the building more impermeable, thus reducing the amount of material that needs to be manufactured during the life cycle of the building, which can efficiently cut carbon emissions and energy consumption in high-rise buildings.

Prediction method of energy consumption for high building based on LMBP neural network

With the power consumption of high-rise buildings rising year by year, energy consumption of high-rise buildings has become the main object of energy-saving supervision and transformation, and its prediction has become a research hotspot. Aiming at the problem that the existing total energy consumption forecasting methods cannot accurately distinguish the consumption direction of high-rise building and the forecasting accuracy is low. LM algorithm is used to improve the standard BP neural network, and a prediction model of lighting energy consumption for high-rise buildings based on LMBP neural network is established. According to the prediction results of lighting energy consumption, hourly average outdoor temperature, hourly average outdoor relative humidity, weather characteristics, holidays, hourly average wind speed and 24 hourly hours a day, the energy consumption of air conditioning, power consumption and special energy consumption can be predicted separately. The experimental results show that the MAE and RMSE predicted by the design model for air conditioning energy consumption, power energy consumption and special energy consumption are 5.4707 and 8.6575, 1.7916 and 2.9356, 1.6075 and 2.2178 respectively, which are smaller than the comparison model MAE and RMSE, which proves that the design model can more accurately and effectively predict the sub item energy consumption in the energy consumption of high-rise buildings.

Impacts of urban-scale building height diversity on urban climates: A case study of Nanjing, China

The rapid development of urbanization is accompanied by the diversification of building heights. It has caused cities to face problem of non-uniform distribution of urban climate parameters (e.g., temperature, velocity), may further leading to urban heat island (UHI) and increasing of building energy consumption etc. Thus, it is of great significance to explore the associated relationships between building height and urban climates from the urban scale by CFD simulation. There is almost a gap on urban scale simulation for both research and engineering because of the complex building diversity and expensive simulation cost. K-means clustering and low-dimensional method based on image recognition were utilized in this work to build the urban geometric model, further improving simulation efficiency. A case study of Nanjing city was selected (about 144 km2 containing 140 thousand buildings). The urban-scale simulation method was verified by experimental data. The numerical results show that the energy consumption of high-rise buildings (HRB) caused by UHI is about 1.2–4.5 %. The UHI intensity of HRB is 0–0.7 °C higher than that of middle-rise buildings (MRB) and low-rise buildings (LRB), while the velocities are similar around three different buildings height. In order to make the pedestrian area (at the height of 1.7 m from the ground) with pleasant urban climates in rapid urbanization process, it is suggested to set the building height between 19 and 50 m. The findings can be beneficial to alleviate the problems of UHI and energy consumption, which have important implications for urban optimization design.

Prediction Method for Energy Consumption of High-rise Buildings Based on Artificial Neural Network and Big Data Analysis

In terms of the fact that the thermal load of high-rise buildings is affected by a series of influence factors, including outdoor meteorological environment, architectural characteristics, and building envelope, it is difficult to use the traditional mechanism to construct the prediction model because there are many difficult parameters and the reliability of the predicted result is low. Based on big data, the energy consumption of high-rise buildings is predicted by BP and RBF artificial neural network analysis methods because the artificial neural network does not rely on the model. The experimental result shows that the two models can well predict the energy consumption of high-rise buildings. What’s more, RBF artificial neural network is more stable than BP in prediction, so it is more suitable to predict the energy consumption of high-rise buildings.

Topology optimization of the photovoltaic panel connector in high-rise buildings

Photovoltaic (PV) panels are used in high-rise buildings to convert solar energy to electricity. Due to the considerable energy consumption of high-rise buildings, applying PV technology is of great significance to energy saving. In the application of PV panels, one of the most important construction issues is the connection of the PV panel with the main structures. One major difficulty of the connection design is that the PV panel connection consists of two separate components with coupling and indeterminate dimension. In this paper, the gap element is employed in these two separated but coupled components, i.e., hook and catch. Topology optimization is applied to optimize and design the cross-section of the PV panel connection. Pareto optimization is conducted to operate the optimization subject to multiple load scenarios. The initial design for the topology optimization is determined by the common design specified by the Technical Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering (JGJ 102-2003). Gravity and wind load scenarios are considered for the optimization and numerical analysis. Post analysis is conducted for the optimal design obtained by the topology optimization due to the manufactory requirements. Generally, compared with the conventional design, the optimized connector reduces material use with improved structural characteristics.

The Role of Form Compositions in Energy Consumption of High-Rise Buildings (Case Study: Iran, Tehran)

Iran is recognized as one of the largest fossil fuels reserves resources in the world, but it is also suffer from mismanaged consumption. The consequences of this mismanagement have been considered in Iran during recent years and authorities have raised concerns about it. Identification of the optimized orientation and tilt angle for roofs in Tehran- The capital of Iran- in order to achieve the maximum daytime heat gain by photovoltaic cells and minimum energy loss at night in winter is the main purpose of this paper. So this paper makes a comparison in three shape of high-rise building in Tehran and their orientation. The results show that the appropriate direction for gaining more energy in Tehran are north-south and WE-NE direction and the cubic type of building in field of energy consumption is more economically for users

Five energy generations of tall buildings: an historical analysis of energy consumption in high-rise buildings

Whilst there have been numerous categorisations of high-rise buildings according to their function, architectural style, height or structural strategy, historically little work has been undertaken to classify them based on factors affecting their energy performance — their shape and form, façade, attitude to natural lighting, ventilation strategies, etc. These factors have been influenced by regulatory changes, developments in technology and materials, changes in architectural thinking and economic and commercial drivers. Developments such as the New York Zoning Law of 1916, the postwar innovations in curtain wall façades and the energy crises of the 1970s have all impacted on the way tall buildings of the time were designed and operated. These events also had a significant impact on the quantity of energy and the way in which it was consumed in tall buildings of the time. This paper examines the history of energy use in tall buildings, from their origins in North America in the late nineteenth century to the present day. In doing so, it categorises tall buildings into five chronological ‘generations’, based on their energy consumption characteristics.