Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection For Neoplasms Research Articles

Endoscopic submucosal dissection in tumors extending to the dentate line compared to proximal rectal tumors: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a validated treatment for early rectal tumors, but whether this therapy is efficient or not for rectal tumors extending to the dentate line (RTDL) remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of ESD in RTDL compared to non-RTDL. A search in PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane library up to April 2020 was conducted to identify studies that compared ESD in both localizations (RTDL and non-RTDL), reporting at least one main outcome (en bloc, complete resection, recurrence). Secondary outcomes were adverse event occurrence. Five observational studies including 739 patients with a total of 201 RTDL and 538 non-RTDL were considered. The proportion of female sex (66% vs. 36.9%, P < 0.001) and tumor size [mean difference = 7.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.01-12.49, P = 0.001] were higher in the RTDL group. There were no differences in en bloc resection rates between RTDL and non-RTDL groups [odds ratio (OR): 0.95, 95% CI: 0.50-1.79, P = 0.087]. The complete resection rate was significantly higher in the non-RTDL group (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.18-2.53, P = 0.005, I2 = 0%). However, recurrence rates were comparable (RD: -0.04, 95% CI: -0.07 to 0.00, P = 0.06, I2 = 0%). Concerning adverse events, there were no differences in terms of perforation (OR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.26-3.08, P = 0.86, I2 = 0%) or delayed bleeding (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.17-2.42, P = 0.51, I2 = 35%). Anal pain rate was 28% (95% CI: 21.4-35.8%). ESD is an effective and safe therapeutic approach for RTDL with comparable recurrence rate to non-RTDL. The lower complete resection rate in RTDL needs to be clarified in studies.

Application of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System in Bladder Tumor–Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

Abstract Introduction: We introduce the application of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VIRADS) in bladder tumor–endoscopic submucosal dis...

Development of Mucoadhesive Chitosan Derivatives for Use as Submucosal Injections.

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have been used for surgical treatment of early gastric cancer. These endoscopic techniques require proper submucosal injections beneath the tumor to provide a sufficiently high submucosal fluid cushion (SFC) to facilitate clean dissection and resection of the tumor. Until now, the submucosal injection materials developed for endoscopic techniques such as EMR and ESD of tumors have been composed of macromolecules, proteins, or polysaccharides. We have been investigating the use of chitosan, a product that is obtained by the alkaline deacetylation of chitin, the second-most abundant natural polysaccharide. Specifically, we have been studying a photocrosslinked chitosan hydrogel (PCH) and solubilized chitosan derivatives for use as novel submucosal injections for endoscopic techniques. Notably, chitosan derivatives with lactose moieties linked to the amino groups of its glucosamine units can specifically interact with acidic mucopolysaccharides and mucins in submucosa without the need for the incorporation of harmful photoreactive groups nor potentially mutagenic ultraviolet irradiation.

Comparison of sedation between the endoscopy room and operation room during endoscopic submucosal dissection for neoplasms in the upper gastrointestinal tract

BackgroundThe present study was performed to compare the safety of sedation during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the endoscopy room versus operation room.MethodsIn total, 297 patients with gastrointestinal tumors who underwent ESD from January 2011 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent ESD in the endoscopy room without propofol (Group E) versus operation room with propofol (Group O). The patient, tumor, and procedure characteristics; adverse events; and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe patient and tumor characteristics, including age (73.6 ± 8.2 vs. 72.5 ± 9.1 years), comorbidities, and tumor size and histology, were not different between Groups E and O. The ESD procedure time was comparable between Groups E and O (105.4 ± 70.4 vs. 106.5 ± 64.4 min), and the anesthesia time was equivalent (138.3 ± 78.1 vs. 148.4 ± 68.8 min). There were no significant differences in adverse events between the two groups. During the ESD procedure, desaturation occurred significantly more often in Group E than O (12.9% vs. 4.0%, P = 0.021, odds ratio: 3.53, 95% CI: 1.17–14.4). The recovery time after ESD was significantly longer in Group E than O (180 (100–360) vs. 90 (0–180) min, P < 0.001).ConclusionsA decreased desaturation rate and shorter recovery time after ESD were the advantages of sedation in the operation room with propofol compared with sedation in the endoscopy room. These findings warrant further exploration of the advantages of safe and effective ESD for upper gastrointestinal neoplasms in the operation room.

The role of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with ulcerative colitis

Patients with ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of colorectal dysplasia. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for neoplastic lesions in ulcerative colitis remains controversial. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of ESD in the treatment strategy for ulcerative colitis. We retrospectively investigated 25 patients with ulcerative colitis in clinical remission who underwent colorectal ESD at 2 referral centers. We analyzed short-term and long-term outcomes. Preoperative diagnoses based on biopsy or endoscopy were also compared with the histologic diagnoses of resected specimens. The mean size of the resected specimens was 34.9 ± 17.1mm. The mean procedure time for ESD was 71.3 minutes. En bloc resection and R0 resection rates were achieved in 100% (25/25) and 76% (19/25), respectively. Postoperative bleeding and perforation during the procedure occurred in 0% and 4%, respectively. Five patients with noncurative resection underwent additional surgery. During a median 21 months (range, 8-80 months) follow-up, local recurrence did not occur. Metachronous high-grade dysplasia occurred in 1 case (4%). The biopsy predicted a final histologic diagnosis of carcinoma with a sensitivity of 72.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.5-90.3), accuracy of 78.2% (95% CI, 56.3-92.5). The endoscopic findings predicted a final histologic diagnosis of carcinoma with a sensitivity of 72.2% (95% CI, 46.5-90.3), accuracy of 76% (95% CI, 54.9-90.6). ESD for neoplasms in ulcerative colitis is feasible by expert endoscopists and may avoid unnecessary surgery. Because the biopsy and endoscopic findings had relatively low accuracy for the final histology, ESD could have a curative as well as a diagnostic purpose.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection of neoplasms and early cancers in the upper gastrointestinal tract – Efficacy and safety of ESD in a non-academic center

The endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is already a standard technique in Japan for the resection of large gastrointestinal neoplasms at an early stage. ESD is a further development of the endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Compared to EMR it has a higher en-bloc resection rate that allows an accurate histopathological assessment and leads to lower local recurrence rates. For the indication of ESD the neoplasms need to fulfill the criteria of node negative cancer (extended Ono-criteria). Long-term outcomes for lesions within the criteria of node negative cancers were reported as comparable to those after surgery. A total of 40 ESDs in the stomach (n = 35) and the esophagus (n = 5) were observed. The mean patient age was 68 years (19 men, 21 women). Data was analyzed for en-bloc- and R0-resection-rate, complications, local recurrence and rate of successful interventions. An intervention was considered successful, if the resected specimen met the criteria of a node negative cancer and if a complete microscopic resection was performed. ESD is an effective technique of treating neoplasms and early cancers in the upper gastrointestinal tract. In the majority of cases a surgery could be prevented. However, ESD requires highly skilled endoscopists, considering the high rates of serious complications.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for metachronous tumor in the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of tumor in the upper part of the stomach is technically difficult and has a high complication rate. We compared the feasibility and safety of ESD for metachronous tumor found in the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy with ESD for tumor in the upper third of the intact stomach. We retrospectively compared clinical outcome and safety of 13 lesions (11 early gastric cancers (EGCs) and 2 dysplasias) in the remnant stomach and 30 lesions (28 EGCs and 2 dysplasias) in the upper third of the intact stomach. All patients were treated with ESD at a cancer center hospital. En bloc resection rates were 100% (13/13) for remnant gastric tumor and 87% (26/30) for upper-third tumor (p = 0.30). En bloc resection rates with tumor-free margins (R0 resection) were 92% (12/13) for remnant gastric tumor and 73% (22/30) for upper-third tumor (p = 0.24). Curative resection rates were 85% (11/13) for remnant gastric tumor and 67% (20/30) for upper-third tumor (p = 0.29). Median procedure duration for ESD was 68 min (range 32-233 min) in the remnant stomach and 78 min (range 45-261 min) in the intact stomach (p = 0.49). One case of perforation and one of delayed bleeding occurred in the upper-third tumor group, whereas none occurred in the remnant tumor group. Local recurrence was found in no patients in the remnant gastric tumor group but in one patient in the upper-third tumor group. ESD for metachronous remnant gastric tumor was feasible and safe in comparison with ESD for tumor in the upper third of the intact stomach.

Intraluminal Endoscopic Surgery: The Scioto Returns

Intraluminal Endoscopic Surgery: The Scioto Returns

Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Tumors of the Esophagogastric Junction

The esophagogastric junction (EGJ) has been considered a difficult location for endoscopic treatment of tumors, due to its narrow lumen and sharp angle. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a method of endoscopic resection, capable of removing large tumors in an en bloc fashion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ESD for EGJ tumors. For 30 lesions of EGJ tumors treated by ESD, the size of the lesions and resected specimens, the en bloc resection rate, complications, and local recurrence were assessed. The average maximum diameters of the lesions and resected specimens were 22.4 mm and 40.6 mm respectively. The complete en bloc resection (R0) rate was 97% (29/30). Histological evaluation of the resected specimens revealed five cases of angiolymphatic invasion and five cases of submucosal invasion deeper than 500 microm. Perforation occurred in one case but was safely managed by rotatable clips and administration of antibiotics for 3 days. Local recurrence was not observed in any patient during follow-up (mean 14.6 months, range 6-31 months). ESD can be safely performed for EGJ tumors, with a high en bloc resection rate. For lesions with no apparent submucosal invasion findings, ESD is a curative and diagnostic treatment option that may be considered before open surgery.