Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting Research Articles

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Simulating Acute Foreign Body Inhalation: A Case Report.

Endobronchial tuberculosis is a rare form of pulmonary tuberculosis, that can be due to the rupture of an infected lymph node through bronchial wall or lymphatic spread to the lining of the bronchial tree. Clinical presentation is non-specific, and can simulate inhalation of a foreign body. Otolaryngologists should be aware of its presentation often atypical. The following case is an unusual presentation of endobronchial tuberculosis in a 23-month-old patient initially diagnosed as a foreign body in the respiratory tract with acute dyspnea with unilateral wheezing and suspected foreign body on chest computed tomography. Bronchoscopy revealed a granulomatous mass in carina and both primary bronchi. Granuloma ablation improved patient's respiratory status. The pathology revealed an epithelioid and gigantic cellular with caseous necrosis compatible with tuberculosis. This unusual presentation of tuberculosis should be known to otolaryngologists and pediatricians in view of the frequency of tuberculosis in our context as well as increase in its incidence.

Infantile endobronchial tuberculosis

Endobronchial tuberculosis (TB) is a specific form or complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. We report four infants with endobronchial TB presenting with secondary complications such as obstructive emphysema and atelectasis and their response to appropriate anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT) with steroid treatment. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment before the development of fibrosis is important to prevent complications such as bronchiectasis.

Unusual Case of Total Lung Collapse Due to Endobronchial Tuberculosis - A Case Report

Abstract An 18-year-old female with history of fever and loss of weight was found to have a total lung collapse during imaging. Flexibronchoscopy was consistent with endobronchial tuberculosis and the patient was started on anti-tuberculous treatment. She responded well to treatment and the collapsed lung opened up spontaneously in 4 weeks. This case is presented here due to unusual presentation of endobronchial tuberculosis as a total lung collapse.

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting as a Post-obstructive Pneumonia, Para-hilar Mass Lesion in Chest Radiograph and 'Tumorous' Endobronchial Lesion during Bronchoscopy: A Case Report

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in India, and accounts for nearly 20-30% of the global TB burden. Prevalence of tuberculosis infection in India is 40%, with pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 80% cases, and Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is present in 10-40% of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. EBTB has diverse clinical and radiological presentation and overall scenario is confusing. Normal chest radiograph is present in 10-20% cases in EBTB, and is the common reason for delay in diagnosis. In this case report, a 25 year male presenting as febrile respiratory illness with post-obstructive pneumonia & para-hilar mass in chest radiograph and having tumorous Endobronchial growth during bronchoscopy. We confirm finally as Endobronchial tuberculosis after histopathological evaluation. Gene Xpert is rapid and sensitive test to diagnose EBTB. He is treated with antituberculosis drugs for six months and recovered clinically and radiologically completely. Bronchoscopy is must in all the cases of high index of suspicion of EBTB.

Endobronchial tuberculosis presented as multiple endobronchial vesicular lesions

Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is a tuberculous infection of the tracheobronchial tree with microbiological and histopathological evidence, with or without parenchymal involvement. EBTB commonly presents as acute or insidious onset cough, wheeze, low grade fever, and constitutional symptoms. In elderly patients, other differentials like malignancy and pneumonia may lead to misdiagnosis. Hence, bronchoscopy is essential for confirmation of EBTB. Here we report a rare presentation of EBTB in a 65year old patient who presented with 3months history of fever and cough and have multiple endobronchial vesicular lesions on bronchoscopy.

Endobronchial tuberculosis: An unusual presentation of a common disease

Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is an inflammation of the bronchial walls caused by tuberculous infection. The clinical, radiologic, and bronchoscopic presentation of EBTB is nonspecific and can be easily confused with other common pulmonary disorders. Its diagnosis requires isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from bronchoscopic material. A high index of awareness of this entity and the early bronchoscopy in suspected patients are the cornerstones for establishing the diagnosis. The disease can occur in patients of all ages although it is more common in younger age group with a slight female preponderance. In recent years, a higher incidence has been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Response: Endobronchial tuberculosis: always a diagnostic challenge

Sir, We thank Dr. Jolobe for his interest in our reported case who developed acute lung collapse due to bronchostenosis as a sequela of undiagnosed endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB).1 As Dr. Jolobe pointed out, EBTB presenting in the absence of radiologic TB lesions is often a great diagnostic challenge. The diagnosis …

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting as Right Middle Lobe Syndrome

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting as Right Middle Lobe Syndrome

Diagnosis of three cases of endobronchial tuberculosis presenting as unresolved pneumonia, following fiberoptic bronchoscopic biopsy

Nowadays, endobronchial tuberculosis is of rare occurrence. This article presents three such cases. All of them presented as unresolved pneumonia with collapse-consolidation in chest X-ray. All the three patients were sputum smear negative for acid fast bacilli. Diagnosis was possible only with fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchial biopsy.

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting as Right Middle Lobe Syndrome: Clinical Characteristics and Bronchoscopic Findings in 22 Cases

PurposeEndobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) presenting as right middle lobe syndrome (RMLS) is an uncommon clinical condition. We investigated the clinical characteristics in patients with EBTB presenting as RMLS.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 22 patients with EBTB presenting as RMLS who were diagnosed at our hospital from 2003 to 2006.ResultsIts occurrence was more common in females than males (F, 18; M, 4). The mean age was 70.3 ± 8.5 years, and 17 patients were above the age of 65 years. Cough with sputum was the most common manifestation and 2 patients were asymptomatic. In bronchoscopic analysis, the most common finding was edematous-type EBTB, which was found in 15 patients, followed by actively caseating type in 6 and tumorous type in 1. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining for bronchial washing fluid was positive in only 5 patients: 1 with edematous type and 4 with actively caseating type. Bronchoscopic biopsy showed chronic granulomatous inflammation in 16 patients. Follow-up chest X-ray after treatment showed complete disappearance of the lesion in 2 patients, more than 50% improvement in 5, less than 50% improvement in 5, and no change of lesion in 4.ConclusionEdematous-type EBTB was the most common type of EBTB presenting as RMLS, and it usually occurred in elderly patients. Culturing for mycobacterium and histologic examination by bronchoscopy are necessary for proper diagnosis in these patients.

Suspected foreign body aspiration in a child with endobronchial tuberculosis

Endobronchial tuberculosis is a form of pulmonary tuberculosis, thought to result from rupture of an infected node through the bronchial wall or from lymphatic spread to the mucosal surface of the bronchial tree. With the presence of multidrug resistant isolates of TB, and its incidence in an increasing number of foreign-born persons immigrating to the US, otolaryngologists must be aware of its often subtle presentation. The following case is an unusual presentation of endobronchial tuberculosis initially diagnosed as an airway foreign body.

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting as Respiratory Failure in an Infant

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting as Respiratory Failure in an Infant

Endobronchial Tuberculosis Presenting As Asthma

Clinical deterioration with features suggestive of asthma was seen in three patients following two to six months of drug therapy of primary tuberculosis. There was a poor clinical response to administered bronchodilators. Bronchoscopy in all three revealed culture-negative mycobacterial caseating granulomas. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in good clinical response, with resolution of the asthmatic symptoms and improvement in the expiratory flow rates. In our opinion these patients are clinically compatible with a hypersensitivity response to mycobacteria following antituberculosis therapy and release of tuberculosis antigens. Corticosteroid therapy is appropriate in this form of tuberculous disease.