End-of-life Vehicles Management Research Articles

N-type-2-ARAS: An efficient hybrid multi-criteria optimization approach for end-of-life vehicle’s recycling facility location: A sustainable approach

End-of-life vehicle (ELV) management is currently one of the most pressing environmental issues. Waste must be recycled to ensure that ELV management is both environmentally and economically sustainable. Cairo boasts the greatest percentage of Egyptian citizens who own a car and the country's oldest automotive fleet. There is a great desire to open a new ELV recycling factory in this city. One of the most difficult strategic issues facing decision-makers is determining where to build new facilities. ELV recycling facility selection is a multi-criteria and highly uncertain challenge, and this research presents a novel approach to help with the process. An extension of the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) approach in a neutrosophic type-2 environment ((N-type-2 ARAS)) is described for the first time. The new approach (N-type-2 ARAS) is used to choose an ELV recycling facility location. The proposed N-type-2 ARAS method's potential and applicability are illustrated in the context of a real-life case study in Egypt. This study used five main criteria, twenty sub-criteria, and four alternatives (locations) to select the best location. The results show that Luxor is the best location. This method has been proven reliable and consistent compared to the current state-of-the-art interval type-2 fuzzy set-based MCDM methods. This study's sensitivity analysis was conducted to show rank stability from the (N-type-2 ARAS) methodology.

ELV Policy and Management System in Malaysia: Exploratory Study of Dynamics, Rationale and Opportunity through Digitalised Public Services

A sustainable end-of-life vehicle (ELV) management system requires a well-thought and well-designed process covering strategies, regulations, technologies, and future adaptive systems. Among others is the urgent need for feasible implementation of the integrated vehicle deregistration process, especially to kickstart the process for registered abandoned vehicles (approximately eight million units nationwide in 2018). In line with this aspiration, this study will explore the dynamics, rationale, and opportunity for public services to have a unified digitisation platform. This initiative will integrate networks of public (e.g., Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Housing and Local Government, Ministry of Environment and Water, Local councils, Road and Transportation Department, courts, Royal Malaysian Police), industry (e.g., authorised automotive treatment facilities (AATF), scrapyards) and other related parties. Those entities are critical to developing local ELV management system capacity to address current complex problems and achieve collective goals for the future automotive industry in Malaysia. Based on the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) outputs, literature survey, and relevant proposed frameworks, this study aims to enlighten policymakers on the necessity of having an integrated system in supporting various business, legal and administrative needs of the sustainable ELV Policy in Malaysia.

Is the assimilation to a solid recovered fuel a viable solution for automobile shredder residues’ management?

Directive 2000/53/EC and the European Circular Economy Package (2018) required the Member States to take all the necessary measures to reach the reuse-recycling goal of 85% for end-of-life vehicles (ELVs). In 2019, Europe achieved 89.6% of reuse-recycling, but most EC countries are still not completely compliant, Italy standing, for example, at only 84.2%. For this reason, actions are necessary to increase reuse-recycling for the waste generated in the operations of ELV shredding and separation, known as automobile shredded residues (ASRs). This study was aimed at assessing if the assimilation of ASRs to a solid recovered fuel (SRF) was a feasible solution. That would allow the waste to lose its status (end-of-waste, EoW), thus increasing the recycling rate. The assimilation of ASRs to SRFs requires the compliance with a series of parameters, namely net calorific value (NCV), content of chlorine (Cl), mercury (Hg) and selected heavy metals. The above-mentioned parameters were analyzed in the principal ASR fractions, namely textile, plastic and foam rubber, found in the samples collected during four sampling campaigns (2017–2021) performed at the same ELV treatment plant. Notwithstanding the great variability observed in the four samples, the results of the analyses revealed that the three fractions were compliant with NCV, Cl and Hg content. Conversely, the heavy metals' content was found a more critical parameter, in fact only the plastic fraction was suitable for SRF assimilation. Textiles presented criticality for the content of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and antimony (Sb). The heavy metals' contamination of foam rubber was found to be strongly related to particles' dimensions. A model which put particle size and metals’ content into relationship was developed and validated. Removing particles of <40 mm significantly improved the quality of the material, however the content of Cu and Ni remained a critical issue for particles up to 200 mm. The SRF assimilation of the plastic fraction would increase the reuse-recycling rate of approx. 2.4–3.3%, thus allowing the achievement of the EC goals concerning the ELV management.

Evaluation of End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling in India: A Techno-Socio-Economic Analysis

In light of the rapidly advancing Indian automotive sector, the issue of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) has emerged as a matter of significant concern. Particularly critical aspects encompass recycling procedures, environmental impacts, and social implications. With the inevitable proliferation of ELVs anticipated in the next decade, the imperative for effective and sustainable ELV management becomes paramount, necessitating a comprehensive analysis of India's burgeoning ELV recycling landscape. The present study endeavors to scrutinize India's ELV recycling system from technological, social, and economic perspectives, constituting a preliminary step toward a judicious evaluation of sustainability in ELV recycling and performing a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis to appraise India's ELV recycling framework comprehensively. Furthermore, the ensuing recommendations shall furnish invaluable insights for the development and implementation of forthcoming regulatory and legal frameworks that adequately incorporate the economic, social, environmental, and technological aspects of ELV recycling in India. To accomplish this endeavor, the study has diligently conducted in-depth interviews with pertinent stakeholders, undertaken rigorous field investigations, and administered comprehensive surveys. Additionally, an exhaustive examination of the existing literature has been undertaken to probe the current ELV recycling system, address lingering challenges, and proffer recommendations to elevate the ELV recycling infrastructure. The outcomes of this study may assist in developing deeper comprehension of India's ELV recycling system while furnishing pragmatic recommendations to fortify its efficacy.

What are the best practices for End-of-Life Vehicle management – A practical assessment of estimates, perceptions and policies

PurposeThe primary purpose of the present research is to assess the people's awareness level of End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) management in India. The study proposes to estimate the projected annual demand for the new ELVs over 15 years from 2020–2035 and assess the growth rate in new annual ELVs.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a mixed method study, the authors obtained secondary data from the annual reports from the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM). In Study 1, the authors employed log-linear regression and compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) to compute the growth rates for these projections. After that, the authors collected the primary data of vehicle users (n = 920) using survey methodology, both open and closed-ended items completed the test battery (Study 2A and 2B). While open-ended items were analyzed qualitatively, the closed-ended items were analyzed quantitatively.FindingsThe estimation of annual ELV estimates and their cumulative figures over 15 years determined the market size in the future, outlining the importance of ELV management. The qualitative approach helped deduce the people's most prominent sentiments regarding decommissioning and the ELV management process. From the primary analysis, the authors concluded that people perceived the ELV management process positively; however, there are areas where the government's specific attention is warranted.Originality/valueIn this study, the authors have outlined how specific measures in ELV management can result in a sustainable circular economy. Additionally, the authors have designed a test battery to understand people's perception, which is first of its kind effort to understand what people think about ELV management. Studies globally considering people's perception of ELV can employ the test battery designed for this study. Additionally, countries that have ELV management in nascent stages can refer to India's experience with ELV management and the related people's perception.

Preliminary study on End-of-Life Vehicles recycling rate for Malaysia

Malaysia has yet to introduce a proper laws and regulations that allow appropriate disposal of End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV). Moreover, there are lacks data captured regarding the management of ELV across different management due to unknown practices and systems. The implementation of non-environmentally ELV processed which include river dumping has raised varied issues. Recently, Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) and Malaysia Automotive, Robotics and IoT Institute (MARii) has introduced several measures starting with the introduction of national automotive policy towards the importance of reuse, repair, remanufacturing and recycle (4R) concept on ELV management and development of Authorised Automotive Treatment Facility (AATF) to dismantle ELV parts. To evaluate the importance and AATF functions, a study was conducted to examine and characterise AATF process in Malaysia and evaluate the wastes generated from the practices. From the initial results, the recycling rate of ELV done in AATF has managed to achieve 90%. Moreover, it is expected that more materials and components can be recycled and recovered due to the involvement of additional ELV treatment stakeholders.

Faktor Analisis Penilaian Polisi Kenderaan Akhir Hayat

Vehicle manufacturers usually want their vehicles to last for 10 years, so vehicles that exceed this period are classified as End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV). Widespread use of ELVs can lead to environmental pollution. A framework for ELV management should be designed to address this problem. The aim of this research is to learn about ELV -related legislation and its implementation in foreign countries, as well as to measure public evaluation of the implementation of ELV recycling in Malaysia. The study includes a review of the literature that has been adopted in foreign countries, as well as a survey of 200 respondents. Data were analyzed descriptively using Cronbach’s Alpha reliability and factor exploratory analysis (EFA) using SPSS details. The results of the analysis found that the Cronbach’s Alpha value obtained was 0.925, which is more than 0.70. Results from the exploratory factor analysis showed eight factors with Eigen values exceeding 1.0, KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) values were 0.792 and 0.881 exceeding 0.50 and Bartlett test showed significant values of p &lt; 0.05, indicating items in the solid waste management knowledge section and ELV, community readiness and community attitudes were sufficient to implement the analytical factors.

Exploring Public Perceptions and Disposal Procedures in the Development of a Comprehensive End-of-Life Vehicle Regulation in Malaysia: A Pilot Study

The growing global demand for new cars has resulted in a rise in end-of-life vehicles (ELV), both with usable and non-usable parts. Malaysia faces a particularly pressing issue of abandoned vehicles (AVs), as the country currently lacks comprehensive legislation for managing ELV. On the other hand, countries such as the US, Japan, Belgium, Korea, and China have well-established ELV management policies. In light of this, a pilot study assessed the public’s perception and attitudes towards ELV issues and regulations in Malaysia. The study gathered participants’ views on surrender, deregistration, disposal costs, incentives, recycling, and ELV regulations. The questionnaire used in the study was based on the findings from a previous report. The data were analysed using SPSS version 27, based on 40 interviews with diverse participants. The results of the study revealed three primary themes: “AV and its ELV”, “ELV disposal procedures”, and “ELV regulation and conflict resolution”, with 14 sub-themes. The study adopts a regulatory approach towards ELV and AVs and highlights the importance of an effective voluntary surrender system in Malaysia as a step towards comprehensive ELV regulation. The findings of this pilot study provide valuable insights into the Malaysian public’s views on ELV and can inform the development of more effective and comprehensive ELV legislation.

Model predicting social acceptance behavior to implement ELV policy: Exploring the role of knowledge toward ELV policy on social acceptance in Malaysia.

Effective management of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) represents a sound strategy to mitigate global climate change. ELVs are contaminants that pollute water, air, soil, and landscape. This waste flow must be adequately treated, but no proper rule oversees the disposal of ELV waste in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the extent of implementing the ELV policy and the social readiness in implementing environmentally friendly ELV disposal in Malaysia. The questionnaire seeks public input on critical ELV concerns such as public perception of the phenomena, environmental and safety standards, and recycling and treatment facilities. This research uses a cross-sectional design with 448 respondents in the survey. Fit models in structural equation modeling are evaluated using a variety of goodness-of-fit indicators to ensure an actual hypothesis. This study's advantages include the availability of representative samples and allowing for comparable and generalizable conclusions to larger communities throughout Malaysia. It is found that personal experience is significantly correlated with social readiness. The cause of ELV vehicles knowledge was the vital mediator, along with recycling costs knowledge. Thus, knowledge regarding ELV management costs is the most decisive mediation variable to predict public acceptance. The recommended strategy to reduce resentment and rejection of ELV policy is to disseminate information about the negative ELV impact on environmental and social sustainability.

A model analysis on the knowledge, attitude, and readiness of ELVs policy among Malaysians: A cross-sectional study

The issue of end-of-life vehicles (ELV) in Malaysia has recently received serious attention from the government. The Malaysian government has launched various programs to reduce the number of ELVs that have not been adequately managed. Initiatives like offering rewards to those who want to turn up their damaged vehicles are similar to An effort to trade in their old automobiles. However, it was unsuccessful due to a lack of cooperation from Malaysians. This study examines the sociological aspects of community acceptance of ELV legislation in Malaysia. This study assesses community knowledge, attitudes, and readiness to implement ELV management in Malaysia. Six hundred thirty people participated in a cross-sectional survey performed across Malaysian states (Pulau Pinang, Kelantan, Johor, Melaka, Selangor, and Kuala Lumpur). A collection of questions was distributed face-to-face after satisfying the steps of validity and reliability tests. Then descriptive and multiple regression tests were run to determine correlations between variables. We use the structural equation model to determine the model in this research. The study’s findings revealed that people’s knowledge, attitudes, and readiness toward ELV policies were significantly influenced by their length of stay, level of education, and vehicle ownership (overall R2 = 0.663, VIF = 1,612, p = 0.000). It was also discovered that knowledge and attitude together could determine community readiness in implementing ELV policies in Malaysia. The findings of this study demonstrate how important it is for the government to consider the populace’s knowledge and attitudes before implementing the ELV policy in Malaysia.

A hybrid Grey-DEMATEL approach to identify barriers to the implementation of an end-of-life vehicle management system in Brazil

The automobile industry has drawn its attention to the treatment of End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) because they have numerous components and materials, and they can become a good secondary source of resources. When these materials are properly recovered, their recirculation is an important aspect for sustainability and, consequently, for circular economy. Nevertheless, developing countries such as Brazil still have a delay regarding the management of these ELVs, since there are neither a direction nor regulations that encourage the implementation of this recovery industry. Given this scenario, this study aims to identify and analyze the barriers that influence the implementation of an ELV management system in Brazil. A systematic literature review was conducted initially to identify the categories and barriers, then a refinement and validation step was performed by two experts, which resulted in a set of 16 barriers. The hybrid approach Grey-DEMATEL was used to analyze the most influential barriers of the system, assigning them into causal and effect clusters. The questionnaires required by Grey-DEMATEL were answered by experts representing four perspectives, namely: organizational, environmental, academic and governmental. In addition, an analysis was conducted from a global perspective by the aggregation of the opinions of the four experts, and it was noted that the absence of specific legislation for the management of ELVs was classified as the barrier that most significantly impacts the implementation of an ELV management system in Brazil. Finally, some mitigation strategies were proposed to support stakeholders in solving this problem.

End-of-Life Vehicle Management Systems in Major Automotive Production Bases in Southeast Asia: A Review

End-of-life vehicle (ELV) management is becoming increasingly important as the automotive industry is one of the world’s most critical sectors and is rapidly expanding. ELV management is essential for environmental protection and wellbeing under Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, provides more jobs under SDG 8, and promotes a circular economy under SDG 11. All these factors contribute to the importance of ELV management as a research topic. Today, ELV management is well-positioned and an emerging research area particularly on ELV recycling systems in Europe, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China. This paper aims to provide a review of ELV management in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia, which are the major automotive production bases in Southeast Asia, but which lack formal ELV recycling policies. Towards this end, the researchers have adopted a qualitative study in which document research has been used to analyze existing scientific studies and other published sources. The findings reveal that immature ELV management systems in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia are the reason that no specific ELV laws and regulations exist, as well as why there are no precise ELV statistics. Nevertheless, there have been growing concerns about ELV management, as evidenced by environmental regulations and programs aimed at better management of ELV recycling in these countries. These findings will assist the respective authorities in formulating specific laws and regulations that will ensure sustainable management of ELV and will also ensure a better life and economy for society and for industry.

Supply chain optimisation for recycling and remanufacturing sustainable management in end-of-life vehicles: A mini-review and classification.

End-of-life vehicles (ELV) management is becoming a global concern in the automotive industry. However, there is still limited study on supply chain optimisation that focusses on specific ELV treatments. Therefore, this mini-review article analyses the supply chain optimisation for recycling and remanufacturing sustainable management in ELV. A total of 51 papers were reviewed from the year 2016 to 2021. The key topics in each article were assessed and classified into various themes, followed by the content analysis. The percentage breakdown for the six main themes are ELV recovery management system (37.25%), reverse logistic network design (29.41%), ELV economy analysis (15.69%), government regulation or subsidies (7.84%), ELV quantity forecast (5.88%) and ELV part design (3.92%). It can be concluded that ELV recovery management and reverse logistic network design are the top two key focusses of supply chain optimisation priorities that have been extensively applied to improve ELV development. The literature gap has shown that the study on remanufacturing in the ELV supply chain is minimal compared to recycling. The classification of ELV recycling and remanufacturing supply chain optimisation in this study will be beneficial in supporting real-life problem-solving for industrial applications. This study serves as a valuable reference guide to identifying more sustainable solutions in ELV management and promoting the critical focus area for academicians and industry players.

Acceptance of ELV Management: The Role of Social Influence, Knowledge, Attitude, Institutional Trust, and Health Issues

The growth of Indonesia’s automotive sector has increased the number of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs), making ELV waste management a major issue. Most countries, such as Japan, China, and Europe, manage ELV waste well, but developing countries still do not. In developing countries, little is known about ELV social admissions. This study analyzes ELV management social acceptance in developing countries. Three hundred nine respondents from Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (the district in Indonesia) were surveyed in a cross-sectional. A set of questions was designed to determine social acceptance (attitude, knowledge, social influence, institutional trust, health issues, and acceptance). After passing validity and reliability tests, the hypothesized research model was estimated using structural equitation. According to this study, social influence, attitude, knowledge, institutional trust, and health issues influenced public acceptance. The health issues variable was also a good moderator (Adj. R2 = 0.173, p &lt; 0.001, average path coefficient = 0.299). The analysis of social acceptance models related to ELV management found that social influence, attitude, knowledge, and institutional trust play a role in one’s desire to accept a new rule, and health issues can strengthen a person in the admission process.

A Bibliometric Analysis of End-of-Life Vehicles Related Research: Exploring a Path to Environmental Sustainability

Considering rapid economic development and continuously increasing environmental concerns, end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) have significant socioeconomic value as a crucial waste stream. The research relating to ELVs has rapidly evolved over the last few years. However, existing review studies focus on specific research themes, and thus, fail to present a complete picture. Hence, this research intends to explain the current research scenario relating to ELVs by reviewing the critical published studies of the last 22 years. A total of 1405 research publications were extracted from the Scopus database covering the period from 2000 to 2021. Mainly employing bibliometric analysis techniques, this research analyzes the quantity of literature, researchers, institutions, countries, and research themes to understand the current status and future trends in ELV recycling and management. The results revealed a considerable rise in the number of articles published in the last five years. The key producers of influential ELV research are listed as the United States, China, and the United Kingdom. Globally, Chinese universities have the most ELV-related articles published. Similarly, Serbian researcher Vladimir Simic authored the most ELV-related articles during the research period. This article also identifies various research themes: management and recycling, resource recovery and components, life cycle evaluation, and socioeconomic effects. The results also reveal a strong association between distinct ELV research clusters.

A Novel Stochastic Optimization Model for Reverse Logistics Network Design of End-of-Life Vehicles: A Case Study of Istanbul

Waste management is gaining crucial importance as recycling aims at transforming produced waste into value for the economy. As the automotive industry is growing fast worldwide, recycling end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) attracts great research attention. Due to the promulgated regulations, multiple players like the last owners, manufacturers, treatment centres, and municipalities require a more cooperative engagement. The participation of multiple actors in the recycling process of ELVs brings various uncertainties. Additionally, parameters of the recycling process, like the number of vehicles withdrawn per year, cost items, and material composition tend to change due to technological, social, and economic developments. The automotive industry has crucial importance in the Turkish economy, which is highly affected by socio-political and economic issues. Furthermore, the Istanbul metropolitan area has the highest rate of vehicle ownership in Turkey. For that purpose, this paper proposes a scenario-based real-life stochastic optimization model to improve ELV supply chain network management in Istanbul. Sensitivity analyses to changes in scenario occurrence probabilities and changes in the amount of collected ELVs are performed to question the consistency of the study. The results of the mathematical model highlight that the operational cost items have the greatest ratio comparing the other cost items in the model. Furthermore, the results of the sensitivity analysis underline that the operational costs and selling prices of the materials from the ELVs have a significant impact on the profitability of ELVs’ recycling process. In addition, uncertainty in the number of ELVs has a significant effect on both operational and strategical decision-making processes. This research can be extended in the direction of examining the effectiveness of ELV management in Turkey since Istanbul could represent the whole of Turkey with its economic and cultural characteristics. Further works can also try to implement the novel concept of a “socially resilient supply chain” in the ELVs’ management.

Assessment of the Level of Awareness of Households and Institutions on the Impacts of Premature End-of-Life Vehicles in Nairobi City County, Kenya

Over the years, Kenya has recorded an increase in the volumes of vehicles shipped into the country. Some of these vehicles end up being premature end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) mainly due to road accidents. These premature ELVS are poorly managed mostly parked in police station yards, garages, and some residential estates causing public health and environmental harm thus undermining achievement of sustainable development. There have been scattered efforts on their management through policies and legislation such as the Environmental Management and Coordination Act, 1999; the umbrella law on environment which is both generic and unable to sufficiently address premature ELVs. This paper provides findings from a study whose objective was to assess the level of awareness of households, public and private institutions on the impact of poor management of premature ELVs on social concerns, public health, and the environment; and implores on the need for responsive policy and legal frameworks. To this end, structured questionnaires were administered to a total of 170 households in Nairobi County while key informant interviews (n=88) were conducted in relevant government agencies viz. policy making institutions; regulators and enforcement agencies; and, garages, salvage companies, and insurance firms. A Likert scale (1-5), with 1 being totally unaware and 5 highly aware was used to gauge the level of awareness. The mean level of awareness was 3.87 and most respondents were above this level of knowledge about social impacts such as degradation of the aesthetic values associated with poorly managed premature ELVs. However, another majority was below the average awareness level of 3.87 on awareness of the environmental and public health impacts associated with poor management of the premature ELVs. The results of this study indicate the need for enhanced awareness programs and development of policy and legal frameworks for effective management of premature ELVs in Kenya.&#x0D; Keywords: Premature end-of-life vehicle; Awareness level; ELV management; Nairobi City County; sustainable development

Projection of end-of-life vehicle population and recyclable metal resources: Provincial-level gaps in China

With the rapid development of China's automobile industry, the surge in the number of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) has put great pressure on the environment. On the other hand, ELVs contain multiple recyclable metal resources and can be regarded as an important source of urban mining. In order to explore the potential of secondary resources supplies from urban mines in the automotive industry, considering different policy conditions, this study not only forecasts China's recyclable metal resources from 2021 to 2030 at the national level, but also introduces two indicators of area and population, focusing on the differences in provincial distribution. Combined with the characteristics of each province, the gap between future demand for vehicle scrap recycling and the current status of China's ELV management is analyzed. The results show that although the extension of vehicle service life in the future will effectively reduce the number of ELVs, there will be an obvious imbalance of ELV between provinces by 2030 due to the different development conditions of provinces. In the future, considering the insufficient landfills and high disposal costs in relatively developed areas, ELV recycling channels should be set up in multiple geographical locations within China, so that the pressure of controlling total domestic ELV recycling can be eased, as well as the governance of dismantling enterprises.

E-Waste and End-of-Life Vehicles Management and Circular Economy Initiatives in Romania

E-waste and end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) are fast-growing waste streams in the EU and beyond that require specific collection and treatment activities to avoid environmental pollution and resource depletion fed by the linear economy model. This paper aims to investigate the links between e-waste and ELVs streams and the circular economy approach of the EU. Romania is examined as a relevant case study for the central and eastern European Region regarding: (i) the current e-waste and ELVs management deficiencies and challenges in line with circular economy principles promoted by EU; (ii) analysis of E-waste and ELVs flows data; and (iii) best circular economy initiatives related to e-waste and ELVs in Romania, including the opportunity to create new jobs in treatment activities that the simple operations from the first stages of e-waste recycling can produce locally and regionally in Romania. This work points out the current knowledge gaps and future research directions for these special waste streams in Romania and beyond.

End of Life Vehicle (ELV) Management Ecosystems in Malaysia

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Serious discussion on End of Life Vehicles (ELVs) in Malaysia began in 2006 when research on the development of the automotive industry was undertaken. The interest increased following the introduction of the National Automotive Policy (NAP) in 2009. This research paper describes ELVs from the perspective of industry players based on their direct experience and participation in the industry through comprehensive observation by looking at the practices of ELV management in Malaysia. This research paper will highlight the existence of some of the innate problems facing the ELV management in the country along with suggestions for approaches and solutions to enhance Malaysia’s potential as one of the most important industry players in the automotive segment in the Asian region.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;