Enamel Demineralization In Patients Research Articles

Preventive Effect of Professional Fluoride Supplements on Enamel Demineralization in Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The current study aimed to systematically review the randomized clinical trials assessing the preventive effect of professional fluoride interventions on enamel demineralization in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. The electronic search was performed in PubMed and Cochrane library in September 2021. No restriction was set on the publication date. Randomized clinical trials assessing the preventive effect of fluoride varnish, gel, mouthwash, and high-fluoride toothpaste on white spot lesions compared to the control group by clinical or radiographic methods in more than 10 patients were included. A total of 7 articles consisting of 1418 participants were included. In 4 articles, fluoride varnish (contained a range of 1000-50 000 ppm fluoride) was applied multiple times (4-20 times) in test groups. Their results indicated that the test groups significantly had lesser new white spot lesions or advanced white spot lesions. One study used fluoride varnish only once at the beginning of treatment and reported no significant difference in white spot lesions compared to the control group. Application of high-fluoride toothpaste as well as fluoride mouthwash, also, showed significantly lower white spot lesions. Three studies were included in the meta-analysis and revealed that the relative risk of white spot lesions was 0.64 (95% CI = 0.40 to 0.89; P < .01) in favor of fluoride varnish. Multiple applications (4-20 times) of fluoride varnish or daily use of fluoride mouthwash or high-fluoride toothpaste seem to reduce white spot lesions in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. However, single use of fluoride varnish was not effective. Further research is needed to establish the required number of fluoride applications for the prevention of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment.

The effect of sealant on prevention of enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: A systematic review

Introduction: One of the common problems of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is the evelopment of enamel demineralization. The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of sealants in preventing the occurrence of enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances during treatment.Methods: A complex search was performed in Medline (1969 to May 2013), and by hand in individual articles, in order to identify any relevant study based upon various combinations of key words. The included studies are Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), or otherwise prospective clinical trials, with patients (teeth) of any age undergoing fixed orthodontic treatmentand with a control group or at least two intervention groups. In the absence of the above, any prospective cohort with more thanten patients was evaluated. To assess the internal validity of the eligible studies, the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Clinical Trials was applied.Results: The searches originally identified 237 titles and abstracts, 6 fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the review. From these studies, 4 were randomized clinical trials and 2 prospective clinical trials. The results were contradictory, with half of the studies showing significant reductions in the incidence of enamel decalcification for the sealed teeth compared with the control group while the remaining half did not show any important differences.Discussion: Based on the findings from the present systematic review, it was impossible to make any reliable recommendations onthe usage of sealants during orthodontic treatment for the prevention of WSL development. Nevertheless, their use in general seems to be beneficial for caries prevention, depending on the type of material, the method of its application and the caries riskstatus of the patient.

The Assessment of Enamel Demineralisation by Fluorescent Light in Fixed Orthodontics

&lt;p class="TTPAbstract"&gt;The brackets collating technique and microbial factors increase the risk for enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliance. The aim of this study was to determine the risk level of enamel demineralization in fixed orthodontic device bearers. The enamel demineralization was assessed in 187 patients by measuring dental structure by fluorescent light. The measurements were performed with the DIAGNOdent Pen 2190 (KaVo, Biberach, Germany). Except canines which remain in the risk 1 category, without enamel demineralization, the other investigated teeth may have a medium demineralization degree The values recorded with fluorescent light on canine enamel showed low and insignificant differences (p&gt;0.05) as a result of fixed orthodontic appliances, classifying these teeth as healthy teeth with enamel integrity or with low enamel demineralization. The molars presented significantly increased values in the study group as compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05). 6 years molars had a marked predisposition to demineralization and caries as compared to frontal group teeth, after fluorescent light measurements. The measurements include these teeth in the medium to high risk for dental caries. The DIAGNOdent, due to its capacity to determine the demineralization degree of dental surfaces, may be used to monitor patients and to prevent the occurrence of dental caries during fixed orthodontic treatments.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The effect of sealant on prevention of enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: A systematic review

Introduction: One of the common problems of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is the development of enamel demineralization. The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of sealants in preventing the occurrence of enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances during treatment. Methods: A complex search was performed in Medline (1969 to May 2013), and by hand in individual articles, in order to identify any relevant study based upon various combinations of key words. The included studies are Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), or otherwise prospective clinical trials, with patients (teeth) of any age undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and with a control group or at least two intervention groups. In the absence of the above, any prospective cohort with more than ten patients was evaluated. To assess the internal validity of the eligible studies, the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Clinical Trials was applied. Results: The searches originally identified 237 titles and abstracts, 6 fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the review. From these studies, 4 were randomized clinical trials and 2 prospective clinical trials. The results were contradictory, with half of the studies showing significant reductions in the incidence of enamel decalcification for the sealed teeth compared with the control group while the remaining half did not show any important differences. Discussion: Based on the findings from the present systematic review, it was impossible to make any reliable recommendations on the usage of sealants during orthodontic treatment for the prevention of WSL development. Nevertheless, their use in general seems to be beneficial for caries prevention, depending on the type of material, the method of its application and the caries risk status of the patient.

English

Introduction: One of the common problems of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is the development of enamel demineralization. The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of sealants in preventing the occurrence of enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances during treatment. Methods: A complex search was performed in Medline (1969

Clinical Evaluation of Enamel Demineralization during Orthodontic Treatment: An in vivo Study using GC Tooth Mousse Plus

Aims and objectives: Fixed orthodontic treatment makes oral hygiene procedures difficult and may result in enamel demine ralization. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) with fluorides (GC Tooth Mousse Plus) reduces the incidence of enamel demineralization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of GC Tooth Mousse Plus application, on enamel demineralization in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Methodology: Thirty subjects seeking orthodontic treatment were selected from patients visiting Department of Orthodontics in AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore. The subjects were divided into test and control group, and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evaluation was done to compare level of surface roughness on samples of both the groups. Results: No white spot lesion was clinically appreciable in either test or control group. After extracting the teeth, SEM ima ges of surface of the teeth was graded and statistically eva luated with Pearson’s Chi-square and likelihood ratio test. The results were significant with p-value below 0.001 which indicated increased surface roughness in controls compared to the test group patients.

Effectiveness of a sealant compared with no sealant in preventing enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: A prospective clinical trial

In this study, we tested the efficacy of a tooth sealant polish (Biscover LV; Bisco, Schaumberg, Ill) to prevent enamel demineralization (white spot lesions) for the full duration of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. The trial design was an alternating-tooth split-mouth design. Patients starting treatment with bonded appliances in a private practice were enrolled. The 6 maxillary anterior teeth received the test sealant or no sealant. The nonblinded orthodontists visually examined the teeth immediately after debonding and rated the presence and severity of white spot lesions using a 4-point scale. The difference in incidence of white spot lesions on treated and control teeth was tested with multivariate binary logistic regression for repeated measures by using the generalized estimating equations approach. Sixty-five subjects were enrolled, and 3 were lost to follow-up, leaving 62 for analysis. There was a slightly lower incidence of white spot lesions on treated teeth (13.5%; 95% confidence interval, 8.6-18.4) compared with the control teeth (17.7%; 95% confidence interval, 12.4-23.7). This difference was statistically significant in the multivariate model (Wald chi-square, 5.07; df = 1; P = 0.024). The odds ratio was equal to 0.68 (95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.95) that treated teeth would show white spot lesions relative to the control teeth. White spot lesion severity was nearly the same for treated and control teeth (mean ± SD = 1.17 ± 0.47 and 1.20 ± 0.48, respectively; Wald chi-square, 3.03; df = 1; P = 0.082). No serious adverse effects were reported. The sealant did not prevent all white spot lesions for the full duration of treatment. The sealant demonstrated a clinically small but statistically significant ability to prevent white spot lesions.

To Evaluate the Clinical Efficiency of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Varnish in Preventing Enamel Demineralisation During Orthodontie Treatment

Background and objectives: Fixed orthodontic treatment makes oral Hygiene procedures difficult and may resuit in enamel demineralization. Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Varnish (Clinpro XT Varnish) reduces the incidence of enamel demineralization. The objective of this study has been clinically evaluate the effects of RMGIV (Clinpro XT Varnish) application, incidence and progress of enamel demineralization in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. 30 subjects seeking orthodontic treatment were selected from patients visiting Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics A. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore. The subjects were divided into Test and Control group. The study was divided into two parts: ♦ Visual evaluation – incidence of white spot lesion and their progress for six months. ♦ SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopic) evaluation to compare level of surface roughness on samples of both the groups. No White Spot Lesions was clinically appreciable in either Group A or Group B. Oral Hygiene Index of all patients was scored and compared between Group A and Group B. The scores were statistically evaluated which proved to be statistically significant with ‘p’ value below 0.001 with better oral hygiene in Group A. After extracting the teeth, SEM images of surface of the teeth was graded and statistically evaluated with Pearson's Chi square test.The results were significant with ‘p’ value below 0.001 which indicated increased surface roughness in Group B compared to the Group A patients. Use of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Varnish (Clinpro XT Varnish) as an adjunctive to thorough oral hygiene measures and has proven to be effective in reducing enamel demineralization significantly although not completely. The oral hygiene also improves but, is it the effect of active ingredient of the varnish is not confirmable under this study design.

Fluoride-Containing Orthodontic Adhesives may Reduce the Occurrence of Enamel Demineralization in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Fluoride-containing orthodontic adhesives and decalcification in patients with fixed appliances: a systematic review. Rogers S, Chadwick B, Treasure E. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;138(4):390.e1-8. E. Angeles Martinez-Mier, DDS, MSD, PhD To determine if fluoride-containing adhesives provided protection against enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Information not available Systematic review Level 1: Good-quality, patient-oriented evidence Grade B: Inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence