Empowerment Policy Research Articles

Energy Security and Women’s Empowerment: A Generalized Method of Moments Approach from a Global Perspective

The importance of energy security is emphasized in Goal 7 of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda to guarantee that everyone has affordable, dependable, and contemporary energy access. In addition to transforming human life, whole economies, and even the planet, sustainable energy offers a chance for a better future. The absence of energy security impacts serious health problems, education, and household difficulties. Research on energy security has emphasized various angles worldwide. However, investigations of the impact of energy security on women’s empowerment are still scant. This study thus investigates the relationship between energy security and women’s empowerment (WE) in 167 countries from 2002 to 2021, as well as the influence of urbanization development levels on this nexus. Moreover, this study explores the variation in women’s empowerment between geographical regions by referencing the MENA, OECD, and SAARC countries. A two-step system GMM was used to achieve the objectives of this research. The findings show first that renewable energy availability has a significant effect on WE worldwide. Secondly, in terms of energy security, the variables total availability of natural resource rents and renewable energy both have a positive impact on women’s empowerment in the MENA, while in the OECD and SAARC countries, they have an indirect link with WE. Third, the integrating effect of total natural resource rents with urbanization significantly affects WE in all five models. Fourth, we used access to electricity to represent resource affordability. Unexpectedly, the results show its negative and significant association with WE. Fifth, in terms of energy security, both energy availability and affordability favor WE in OECD countries. Finally, the coefficient of integration of access to electricity and urbanization shows a positive and significant association with WE in the OECD, MENA, and SAARC regions. However, it is noteworthy to mention that access to electricity alone does not influence WE worldwide. Additionally, a series of tests confirm the robustness of the results. This research provides insight into the development and implications of energy security-related women’s empowerment policies.

Girls’ education and success in Azerbaijan: comparative document analysis

ABSTRACT This study undertakes a comprehensive examination of female academic success in Azerbaijan, with a particular emphasis on general education and higher education, against the backdrop of global efforts to enhance girls’ education and empower women. Since gaining independence in 1991, Azerbaijan has exhibited a commitment to gender equality through the adoption of international laws, implementation of gender-based projects and formulation of women’s empowerment policies. By scrutinizing the latest national and international documents, including reports, this research evaluates female educational achievements and compares them with historical data, male educational attainment levels and benchmarks from comparable post-Soviet and neighbouring countries. The study reveals a notable upward trajectory in female academic success, surpassing male counterparts in various fields. Despite these achievements, gender disparities persist, positioning Azerbaijan behind similar nations. The research concludes that while female success is strongly linked to education, further efforts are required to address gender imbalances in domains such as politics and safety.

BULUREJO-BANYUWANGI VILLAGE FUND POSTULATE AS SUPPORTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPOWERING PRE-PROSPEROUS COMMUNITIES

The existence of Village Funds is useful for improving public services, alleviating poverty, advancing the village economy, overcoming development gaps, and strengthening village communities as subjects of development. This research aims to determine, describe and analyze the use of Village Funds for empowerment programs for underprivileged communities in Bulurejo Village. Based on the analysis of research findings, the empowerment program supported by the Village Fund directly and indirectly provides stimulus to improve the economy. Recommendations for the use of Village Funds for empowerment programs for underprivileged communities focus on aspects of empowerment problems, identification of community responses, selection of empowerment policy options, and implementation of the use of Village Funds.

Women's contributions versus Men's patriarchal status among Afar pastoralists in the Lower Awash Valley

This study examined women's unrecognized roles in facilitating socio-economic interactions and clan networks in a patriarchal society. A qualitative research methodology was chosen. Situational observations, key interviews, and group discussions were applied as data-gathering tools. A thematic descriptive analysis method was used to examine the data that had been gathered. Accordingly, the study found that women are not participating in leading customary institutions and publicly due to the traditional patriarchal domination. However, the customary law shields women from various presumptions. It has been noted women's participation in maintaining social order, economic reciprocity, and resource sharing. Most importantly, women's continual control of household responsibilities and income-generating activities is essential to Afar society's survival. The study recommends that multifaceted interventions should be made to maintain women's role in supporting their traditional methods of engaging in maintaining clan networks. An intervention should mostly be better focused on women's activities as it will help to explore additional mechanisms that uplift either women by themselves or by the initial intervention system. Therefore, the study recommends incorporating pastoral women's roles into more extensive women's enclave empowerment policies and removing the existing sociocultural limitations to allow them to contribute more to pastoral livelihoods.

Non-actualization of Governmental and Non-governmental Empowerment Policies and Initiatives for Nigerian Women since 1985

Non-actualization of Governmental and Non-governmental Empowerment Policies and Initiatives for Nigerian Women since 1985

The Role of Cepagan Village Weaving in the Development of the Creative Economy in Warungasem District

This study examines the role of Cepagan Village weaving in the development of the creative economy in Warungasem District, Batang Regency, Central Java. Using a qualitative approach and case study design, this study explores the economic and social contributions of the weaving industry, the challenges faced, and development strategies in the context of the creative economy. The results of the study show that Cepagan weaving plays an important role in cultural heritage preservation, product innovation, and cross-sector collaboration. This industry has a significant impact on job creation, increasing regional income, and economic multiplier effects. However, challenges such as competition with modern products, regeneration of artisans, and limited market access need to be overcome. Development opportunities through digitalization, ecotourism, and collaboration with the fashion industry open up new prospects for the sustainability of the weaving industry. This research provides valuable insights into the integration of traditional crafts into the modern creative economy and can be a reference for the development of local wisdom-based community empowerment policies and programs.

Non-actualization of Governmental and Non-governmental Empowerment Policies and Initiatives for Nigerian Women since 1985

Non-actualization of Governmental and Non-governmental Empowerment Policies and Initiatives for Nigerian Women since 1985

How Has South Africa’s Membership of BRICS Intensified Uneven and Combined Development in the Country and Beyond?

The recent African scramble has resulted in uneven and combined development (UCD) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) throughout the 21st century due to unequal exchange. South Africa plays a sub-imperial role in this scramble in SSA. It both exploits and is exploited. The mining industry in South Africa has attracted interest from colonial powers, English-speaking businesses, and foreign investors, making it a highly lucrative sector. Furthermore, most black South Africans have been employed in the mining industry since the late 19th century. Over the past 25 years, the African National Congress government has utilised the mining industry to achieve economic transformation through black economic empowerment policies. This study proposes that the mining sector in South Africa is responsible for the ongoing UCD, despite receiving new investments and empowerment policies. South Africa’s inclusion in BRICS has broadened its range of international partners beyond its traditional Western or African counterparts. However, South Africa’s decision to join the BRICS group in 2011 has not yet yielded the expected transformation in the country’s economy and growth. As a result, it is uncertain whether South Africa’s BRICS membership has addressed the country’s persistent problem of UCD. This study argues that South Africa’s BRICS membership has exacerbated UCD in the country. This study proposes that Trotsky’s UCD analytical framework is useful for analysing South Africa’s policy choice to join BRICS, which strengthens its sub-imperial role.

#2425 A change in deceased donor allocation policy may provide gender equality in kidney transplantation

Abstract Background and Aims Overcoming gender disparity in access to kidney transplantation is a well-established universal challenge. The SRTR data showed a greater proportion of males than females for kidney transplant waitlists (61% vs 39%). Similarly, of 831 deceased donor kidney transplants (DDKT) conducted between 1997 and 2018 at IKDRC-ITS, 68% have been male and 32% female recipients while majority of donors in living donor kidney transplants (LDKT) were females. Prior to 2020, there duration on transplantation waitlist was the only criteria for deceased donor kidney allocation. In January 2020, SOTTO Gujarat was formed which implements a point system based deceased donor allocation policy including HLA mismatch, Panel Reactive Antibody, Donor Specific Antibody, age and duration on dialysis, amongst others. 2 additional points are allocated to female recipients in this allocation system. The aim is to study the impact of change in DDKT allocation policy on gender disparity. Method This is a retrospective, single-center, observational study. Number of male and female kidney transplant recipients was collected from the medical records held by the department of nephrology between January 2014 to December 2023. The data was categorized as before and after implementation of SOTTO Gujarat guidelines and analyzed. Results A total of 3182 kidney transplants were conducted at our centre over the study period, 2231 were LDKT while only 951 were DDKT. We found the percentage of female LDKT recipients to have remained disproportionately low as compared to male DDKT throughout the study period, while there was a gradually progressive increase in the percentage of female DDKT recipients with almost a doubling of female DDKT recipients from 27.57% in 2019 to 54.19% in 2023. This may be attributed to the compounding effect of allocating points to DSA, PRA, age of patient and gender as female patients tend to have higher PRA and DSA level after sensitization. Conclusion This study provides new insights into steps that can be taken to bridge the gender gap in DDKT. It shows that implementing a point based system for DDKT allocation policy with extra points for female recipients may increase the number of kidney transplants in them. Similar policy may be undertaken by other transplant centers as a bridge to achieve temporary solution till underlying factors leading to gender disparity are better understood and ways to overcome them are formed. Action should be taken to provide for equitable access to females at all stages, from diagnosis to treatment such as intensive and timely counselling. Policies for social empowerment of women must be formed including literacy, better maternal and child healthcare and financial independence. Raising awareness and education at a grassroot level must remain the key component to change public attitude regarding organ donation and ensure equitable access to transplantation for all.

Disinformation As A Contemporary Security Threat: A Literature Review

Disinformation has become a threat to public security and order. Disinformation is a strategy to obscure information by spreading information that is deliberately false and false. Whatever the purpose of disinformation, the public will be the victims. Given its status as a threat, it requires appropriate policing measures to prevent the spread of disinformation. To counter disinformation, it is necessary to develop strategies by empowering communities to counteract disinformation when it occurs. By using the literature review method, this research will show some community empowerment policies that can be done to prevent the spread of disinformation.

Working as a Healthcare Professional at Island Primary Care: An Exploratory Qualitative Study on the Cyclades Islands, Greece.

Improving the quality of and access to healthcare services in rural areas is fundamental to developing sustainable healthcare systems. This research aims to explore the motivations of healthcare professionals to work and settle in rural island areas of Greece with limited access to secondary and tertiary care. The study suggests practical ways to encourage self-motivation and attract more health workers in rural areas. An exploratory qualitative research approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 16 healthcare professionals working in primary-care units that lack direct hospital or hospital-health centre access. The research was conducted specifically in the rural islands of the Cyclades. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify common themes and unique insights from the participants. The analysis revealed three thematic categories. Τhe «attraction» thematic was influenced by personal factors, random selection, origin, accommodation factors, professional factors, and obligatoriness. The «recruitment» thematic was associated with understaffing, special care issues, an unstable working environment, educational and organisational aspects, and an insular lifestyle. The thematic of «retention» highlighted personal issues, accommodation difficulties, economic and work-related issues, and unique challenges posed by an insular lifestyle. This research provides valuable insights into the motivations that drive healthcare professionals to settle, work, and remain in remote island units, as well as the challenges they encounter in making this decision. The study proposes strategies to motivate and attract more healthcare professionals to rural areas. These findings should be considered when formulating or reviewing primary healthcare empowerment policies to ensure equitable healthcare access for all individuals.

Analysis of Youth Empowerment Policies in Supporting Sustainable Development in Developing Countries

This research aims to analyze policies for youth empowerment in supporting sustainable development in developing countries. Through a literature review method, this study explores key factors influencing the effectiveness of youth empowerment policies, evaluates implemented strategies, and formulates relevant policy recommendations. Findings reveal that access to education and training, poverty alleviation and unemployment, as well as political participation and social engagement are crucial aspects of youth empowerment. Holistic, inclusive, and integrated policies are required to ensure effective and sustainable youth empowerment. Policy recommendations include expanding access to education and training, developing locally-based poverty alleviation programs, and strengthening political participation and social engagement of youth. The implementation of these policies necessitates cross-sectoral and intergenerational collaboration.

Political economy of farmer group empowerment policy to support the achievement of SDGs

The policy of forming and strengthening farmer groups is not a practical solution for advancing agriculture/improving farmer welfare. Strengthening institutions and empowering farmer groups is not merely a matter of agricultural economics, but of political economy. The problem is, there are many technical and non-technical obstacles that place farmer groups as actors in sustainable agricultural policy and development in accordance with SDGs #2. This study discusses the complexity of agricultural problems in Watu Lanur Village, Poco Ranakan Sub-District, East Nusa Tenggara. The less than optimal natural carrying capacity, the socio-economic conditions of rain-fed farmers and the lack of intensive assistance from the government are among the causes. Empowerment of farmer groups is hampered by subsistence ethics and socio-cultural issues (customs/traditions). This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and observations of farmer groups. This study shows that the community is trying to empower itself by helping farmer groups. However, in the process, technical and non-technical obstacles are still found that do not support the community's innovation movement. The conclusion of this study is that farmer group institutions are weakened and less oriented towards implementing sustainable agriculture as a result of the establishment of farmer groups simply to fulfill formal aspects of empowering farmers in order to improve farmer welfare and less use of local knowledge in empowering farmer groups.

Implementation of the Small Fishers Empowerment Policy in Tikke Village, Tikke Raya District, Pasangkayu Regency

Fishermen still want to live in poverty because of their own desire to experience life itself. Formulation of the problem in the journal How to Implement the Empowerment Policy for Small Fishermen in Tikke Village, Tikke Raya District, research benefits, theoretical benefits and practical benefits. The type of research used in the research is qualitative research. The results of this research are that policy implementation is a crucial stage in the public policy process. . A policy or program must be implemented to have the desired impact or goal. Policy implementation is seen in a broad sense as a public administration tool where actors, organizations, procedures, related parties and resources are organized together to carry out policies to achieve the desired impact or goal. The conclusion of this research is that based on the research results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Small Fishers Empowerment Policy in Tikke Village, Tikke Raya District, Pasangkayu Regency was found. This did not work well because 4 aspects, namely Communication, Resources, Disposition and Bureaucratic Structure, were used as tools in Edward III's theory. So it can be concluded that the policy has not worked optimally as expected. Therefore, it is necessary to improve fishing equipment such as rumpong.

Pengaruh Pembangunan Infrastruktur Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia

In sustainable economic development, good infrastructure development is needed so that people's needs are met. Judging from the economic growth rate of GRDP at constant prices according to fluctuating expenditure. This study aims to identify the effect of infrastructure development on economic growth in Indonesia. With the Panel Least Squares (PLS) method then proceed with the classical assumption test, with a panel regression model. Research on 34 provinces in Indonesia with a span of 10 years. The results of the study show that road infrastructure has a negative and insignificant effect on economic growth in Indonesia. Electricity Infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia. Telephone Infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia. Clean Water Infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia. It can be concluded that infrastructure development is very important for the development of a country. From the results of this study it is suggested to the government to pay more attention to empowerment policies that can support this. so as to achieve economic growth.

KAJIAN KEBIJAKAN IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA UNTUK MENGHASILKAN MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN REMAJA

It is hoped that the existence of a youth posyandu will become a forum for empowering teenagers, especially those who have limited access or geographical barriers such as remote areas, island areas, outermost or isolated areas. The aim of this research was to examine the policy of the Adolescent Reproductive Health (KRR) program implemented by the community health center and develop a policy model for adolescent empowerment. This policy study research is a qualitative study using interviews and FGDs to examine the implementation of the KRR program and the results can develop strategic policies. The researcher then conducted a Focus Group Discussion. Total of 16 posyandu from 8 community health centers in Morotai Island Regency were chosen as research locations. Data collection during August 2023. Only 4 community health centers have active posyandu (Daruba, Sangowo, Morodadi, and Tiley), 1 community health center (Wayabula) has joined Posbindu, 3 youth posyandu are integrated with the School Health Unit (UKS) program implemented in junior and senior high schools. Data analysis was carried out using theme analysis. Facilities and infrastructure have not been met according to standards and guidelines are incomplete at the youth posyandu. Most teenagers are less active in using youth Posyandu if it is implemented in villages compared to implementation in integrated schools with the UKS program. In conclusion, the achievement of the KRR program objectives has not been optimal. The development of a youth empowerment policy model is carried out based on the resulting policy brief.

The National Policy of Empowerment of Women- A Critical Evaluation of Policies with Special Reference to Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2006

The simple logic about the status of women in India is “as women receive greater education and training, they will earn more money. As women earn more money they spend it in the further education and health of their children, as opposed to men. Women rise in economic status; they will gain greater social standing in the household and the village, and will have greater voice. As women gain influence and consciousness, they will make stronger claims to their entitlements - gaining further training, better access to credit and higher incomes - and command attention of police and courts when attacked. As women's economic power grows, it will be easier to overcome the tradition of "son preference" and thus put an end to the evil of dowry. As son preference declines and acceptance of violence declines, families will be more likely to educate their daughters” (Coonrod, 1998). In other words, the women need to be ‘empowered.’

The Role of Teamwork and Employee Empowerment in Enhancing Organizational Performance in the Pakistan Software Industry

This study examines the impacts of human resource planning (HRP) practices relating to teamwork and employee empowerment on the organizational performance of software firms in Pakistan. While prior research shows bundles of HRP initiatives can benefit outcomes like innovation and financial growth, there is limited focus on specific mechanisms, especially in developing country IT sectors facing talent pressures. Through a survey of 105 software companies, regression modeling indicates teamwork and empowerment together explain 48.7% of performance variation. Both practices display significant positive relationships, validating social exchange, human capital, and ability-motivation-opportunity theories positing that progressive HR systems boost competencies, creativity, and motivation to drive organizational success. However, teamwork has a relatively stronger effect. These findings carry important implications. Theoretically, they provide granular insights beyond broad HRP bundles on how contextual practices like collaboration and autonomy-support stimulate software sector outcomes. For practice, they underscore the need for targeted investments in team initiatives, empowerment policies, and complementary HRM ecosystems beyond efficiency, as software human capital is a vital asset for innovation and growth. Nonetheless, limitations of the cross-sectional design point to opportunities for longitudinal and qualitative research on mediating mechanisms and integrative bundles tailored to software industry dynamics. Overall, by highlighting the performance returns of contextual HRP dimensions in Pakistan’s burgeoning software space, this study offers actionable guidance for harnessing human capital while also elucidating theoretical linkages between targeted HR practices and organizational effectiveness.

The Village Government's Strategy to Enhance Women's Participation in Development in Desa Poleonro, Lamuru District, Bone Regency

This research aims to delve into the strategies employed by the village government to enhance the participation of women in the development of Desa Poleonro, Lamuru District, Bone Regency. The village is considered a representation of challenges and potentials in fostering inclusive development, taking into account its cultural diversity and natural resources. The research methodology employed is qualitative descriptive. The study primarily focuses on qualitative data collection through interviews. The findings reveal that the village government has implemented various strategies, including training programs, economic empowerment policies, and support for women's participation in decision-making processes. However, resistance to cultural change and resource limitations remain significant challenges. Patriarchal culture and restricted access to education and economic resources impact the role of women in village development.

Grand design policy for economic empowerment through waste management: A case study of Pekanbaru City’s environmental and energy strategies

Waste management has emerged as a compelling issue within the global environmental crisis context. The escalating waste production and its consequential impact on the environment necessitate proactive management solutions. This research aims to delve into the potential of economic empowerment through waste management and scrutinize the ramifications of environmental and energy policies on the populace of Pekanbaru City. Employing a mixed methods approach, through field surveys, direct perspectives from the public and stakeholders concerning economic empowerment through waste management were meticulously amassed. The results from the data analysis underscore the potential benefits of economic empowerment via waste management. These findings substantiate the exigency for an integrative and sustainable policy stance in confronting the multifarious challenges posed by waste management. This necessitates not only an integrated food system policy but also the provision of community training and education, alongside governmental support for waste management programs. The realm of waste management exhibits a substantial capacity to augment the economic empowerment of the community. However, the optimization of waste management practices in Pekanbaru City mandates a comprehensive strategy facilitated through a multi-sectoral collaboration, involving government, private enterprises, and the community.