Facilitators Of Empowerment Research Articles

Facilitating psychiatric nurses’ advocacy for mental healthcare users’ human rights in a primary healthcare setting: a conceptual framework

BackgroundEven though human rights advocacy is a part of mental health care, psychiatric nurses in South Africa’s primary healthcare (PHC) setting face substantial challenges when advocating for the rights of mental health care users (MHCUs). The study aimed to develop a conceptual framework to facilitate psychiatric nurses’ advocacy for mental healthcare users’ human rights in a PHC setting.MethodsA qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual design was used to investigate the psychiatric nurses’ experiences advocating for MHCUs’ human rights in a PHC setting. Three phases were followed: the empirical phase, the classification of concepts, and a development phase. Following the empirical phase, a conceptual framework was developed to facilitate psychiatric nurses’ advocacy for MHCUs human rights in a PHC setting.ResultsThree themes were derived from focus group interviews with psychiatric nurses in the empirical phase. These themes yielded the central concept as ‘the facilitation of empowerment’ of psychiatric nurses in advocating for MHCUs’ human rights. The central concepts were also classified. A conceptual framework was developed that included the relationship, working and termination phases.ConclusionThe study described the development of a conceptual framework to facilitate psychiatric nurses’ advocacy for mental healthcare users’ human rights in a PHC setting. Psychiatric nurses play a key role in advocating for the human rights of MHCUs. This task is important and should be implemented from the government to the societal level, including all stakeholders.

Nurses' health promotion practices in rural primary health care in Nigeria. A qualitative study.

Nurses play a vital role in providing high-quality primary healthcare and health promotion services. The state of research highlights their often complex operational realities and shows the need for an evidence-based understanding of nurses' perspectives on health promotion practices, especially in low-resource settings. This study focuses on how community health nurses in rural primary healthcare centers in Nigeria perceive their health promotion role and the opportunities and challenges of, and potential entry points for strengthening, their practice. A sample of 10 nurses from eight rural primary healthcare centers in eight local government areas of Anambra state, Nigeria, was purposively selected. Data were collected via semistructured telephone and written interviews and analyzed by qualitative content analysis using a deductive-inductive approach. Nurses emphasized their commitment to supporting patients and communities to develop skills and take control of their own lives. Nurses described their role as facilitators of behavioral and environmental change, individual and community empowerment facilitators as well as social activists. Factors that enhance the health promotion practice of nurses include adequate skills, sufficient human and material resources and community support and participation. Inhibiting factors included insufficient funding, poor working conditions, staff shortages, high workload, lack of training opportunities and low participation of community members. Overcoming challenges and facilitating health promotion activities in rural communities require bolstering nurses by providing further training opportunities for enhancing their health promotion competencies and creating supportive environments. Future research should focus on how to strengthen nurses' health promotion efforts through interprofessional and intersectoral collaboration.

Kampung Sampah Bernilai (SALAI) Sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kelurahan Sempaja Timur Kota Samarinda

Abstract. This research aims to analyze the awareness stage, capacity building stage, empowerment stage and to describe the factors that support and inhibit community empowerment. The research was carried out at RT 43, Sempaja Timur Subdistrict, with SALAI village administrators, empowerment facilitators, and the community of SALAI RT 43 village. This research used qualitative research methods and used observation, interview and documentation study techniques. Data analysis techniques are carried out by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of research on Community Empowerment through the Valued Waste Village Program (SALAI), namely the awareness stage which is carried out by identifying needs and socializing the program to the community, the capacity building stage which is carried out by providing capacity through training programs, the empowerment stage is carried out by giving the community greater opportunities to take responsibility responsible for program sustainability. The supporting factors in community empowerment are community motivation and government policy, while the inhibiting factors in implementing the valuable waste village program are infrastructure.

Incentives, Assistance, and Social Sanction in Changing The Community Behavior of Waste-Management in Indonesia

This paper examines the role of incentives, assistance, and social sanctions in shaping community behavior towards waste management in Indonesia. Combining rational choice theory with an ethnomethodological perspective, the study challenges the conventional assumption that economic condition or environmental knowledge and awareness are the primary drivers of individual/social action in waste management. Using the qualitative participatory research in the "Mentari Elok" housing complex located in the suburban area of Yogyakarta Indonesia, this study found that the behavior of the majority of residents did not relate to the economic condition or the level of education. The pattern in waste management remains conventional: throwing the garbage without sorting it first, dumping the trash in any place, or burning it in an open space. The research, which is based on qualitative data gathered through observation and assistance during community service activities, demonstrates that the lack of incentives for eco-friendly activities acts as a deterrent to sustainable waste management techniques. Furthermore, the lack of constant and quantitative assistance from social empowerment facilitators makes it more difficult to adopt good waste management behaviors. Furthermore, the lack of social sanctions affects the community's motivation to follow waste management rules. The findings add to the existing body of knowledge by emphasizing the necessity for focused interventions that address these characteristics. These insights can be used by policymakers and waste management practitioners to create policies that provide actual advantages, establish regular support programs, and employ social punishments to encourage good behavioral change. However, it is vital to recognize the study's limitations, such as its concentration on a certain cultural and socioeconomic environment. Future studies should broaden the scope to include different contexts of places and times, as well as longitudinal studies to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of the interventions.

Health Care Professionals' Experiences of Facilitating Patient Activation and Empowerment in Chronic Illness using a Person-Centered and Strengths-Based Self-Management Program.

Patients with chronic illness who are empowered and activated are more likely to engage in self-management in order to stabilise their condition and enhance their quality of life. This study aimed to explore Health Care Professional's (HCP) assessment of a person-centered intervention called 'The Bodyknowledging Program' (BKP) for the facilitation of empowerment and patient activation in the context of chronic illness. This study employed a qualitative process evaluation after programme completion. Data was collected through focus-groups and individual interviews with HCPs and content analysis was used in the analysis. Four themes were identified: 1) Shifts towards the patient-perspective, 2) The value of a patient-centered conceptual framework, 3) Patient activation through dialogue based support and 4) Challenging competencies. Discussion: This study introduces 'The Bodyknowledging Program' as a useful tool to uncover patients' needs and to activate and empower them to take more responsibility for their health through self-care management. The usability of the new intervention depends on HCP's ability to develop their counselling skills and changing their approach towards utilising patients' individual resources in the promotion of their health.

Meneguhkan Spirit Kemaslahatan: Masjid, Pemberdayaan dan Transformasi Sosial

Government development programs often encounter obstacles, creating new problems in society. In this context, community empowerment initiatives emerged that took advantage of local institutions that were considered to have bargaining power and were effective in society. Mosques as part of social institutions are also proven capable of carrying out their social functions as facilitators of empowerment. This article aims to map how mosque-based empowerment models and their achievements so far. Through a literature review, this article sorts data from various articles published in 2010-2020 that discuss the topic of mosques and empowerment. This article shows that mosques have various social functions that can fill the void in the role of government in meeting the needs of the community. Through their bargaining position, the mosque becomes an effective media or facilitator created social transformation. The models of empowerment by mosques are chosen based on the types of needs and conditions of the community including developing potential, strengthening and protecting the community. This strengthens the social function of mosques which are adaptive and responsive to social needs when government efforts are ineffective

MENEGUHKAN SPIRIT KEMASLAHATAN: MASJID, PEMBERDAYAAN DAN TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL

Government development programs often encounter obstacles, creating new problems in society. In this context, community empowerment initiatives emerged that took advantage of local institutions that were considered to have bargaining power and were effective in society. Mosques as part of social institutions are also proven capable of carrying out their social functions as facilitators of empowerment. This article aims to map how mosque-based empowerment models and their achievements so far. Through a literature review, this article sorts data from various articles published in 2010-2020 that discuss the topic of mosques and empowerment. This article shows that mosques have various social functions that can fill the void in the role of government in serving the needs of the community. Through their bargaining position, the mosque becomes an effective media or facilitator created social transformation. The models of empowerment by mosques are chosen based on the types of needs and conditions of the community including developing potential, strengthening and protecting the community. This strengthens the social function of mosques which are adaptive and responsive to social needs when government efforts are ineffective.

Repurposing support tendered youth owned Small, Medium, and Micro-Enterprises in urban agri-business sector in Durban

Food security is one of the most fundamental challenges facing many countries, especially in the developing economies, which still has a vast section of its population still trapped in the socio-economic cocoon of poverty, unemployment, and inequality. This paper aims to investigate the institutional support in the facilitation of empowerment and development of youth Small, Medium, and Micro-Enterprises (SMMEs) to be active participants in the agribusiness economic mainstream. The paradigm shift from primary agriculture into urban farming business models in agri-business could accelerate the ascendancy of youth SMMEs in the competitiveness stakes. The theoretical analysis focused on the resource-based view model, institutional theory, and the role of the CSR impact as a conceptual framework for the study. The research design was predicated on the quantitative methodology, which enabled the researchers to statistically test the reliability and validity of the theory. The findings indicated that the CSR interventions had not yielded a fundamental impact on assisting youth SMMEs within the agribusiness sector. The results also identified a lack of tangible and result-driven institutional support from policy-makers and authorities. Overall targeted technological transfer as a strategic and critical resource to youth SMMEs is another constraining factor from empirical findings. The results also revealed the lack of monetary and non-monetary access by youth SMMEs as hampering their competitiveness and profits ability. The findings advocated that the policy-makers could synthesize the theories encapsulated in the study and the empirical evidence as the bedrock for bespoke, customized, and tailor-made youth SMMEs’ bespoke support, empowerment, and development of their entities.

Development and content validation of a questionnaire measuring patient empowerment in cancer follow-up.

The aim of this study was to develop and ensure the content validity of a new patient-reported outcome measure, the Cancer Patient Empowerment Questionnaire (CPEQ), to measure the level of, desire for, and enablement of empowerment among cancer patients in follow-up. An iterative process based on: (i) empowerment theories by Zimmerman and Tengland, (ii) a systematic review of questionnaires measuring empowerment or related concepts among cancer patients, (iii) qualitative data from 18 semi-structured interviews with Danish cancer patients in follow-up, (iv) input from a group of eight cancer patients involved as co-researchers and from an expert steering group, and (v) cognitive interviews with 15 cancer patients in follow-up. The items for the CPEQ were developed and revised and 12 versions of the questionnaire were evaluated. The final version consists of 67 items, covering three different dimensions of empowerment: (A) empowerment outcomes consisting of three components: (A1) the intrapersonal-, (A2) interactional-, and (A3) behavioral component, (B) empowerment facilitators (enablement), and (C) the value of empowerment. This study documents the theoretical and empirical basis for the development of the CPEQ and its content validity. The CPEQ provides a tool for researchers to assess the level of, desire for, and enablement of empowerment among cancer patients. The next steps will be to use the CPEQ in a nationwide study of empowerment in cancer follow-up and subsequently shorten the CPEQ based on psychometric methods in order to make it more relevant in clinical studies.

PERANAN YAYASAN SWASTA TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI DESA DI DESA NGLANGGERAN, KECAMATAN PATUK, KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

AbstractThe empowerment of village farmers by the private sector and the government has a significant difference. Three factors influence the impact of empowerment on improving the welfare of farmers, namely the quality of empowerment facilities, the intensity of empowerment facility provision, and the quality of empowerment facilitators. Nglanggeran Village farmers receive empowerment facilities from the regional government in the form of plant seeds, fertilizer, livestock germs, pens, and training once a year. This is only enough for one growing season and is often late. When empowered by the Obor Tani Foundation, farmers receive facilities in a package called the Farmers Empowerment Center. The facilities are in the form of ponds, farmhouses, agricultural production facilities, training on 11 pillars of agricultural cultivation, and farmer cadres to guide farmers for 3.5 years. When empowered by the government, farmers only produce for individual food needs and do not fix the main agricultural problems in the village. When empowered by the Obor Tani Foundation, farmers' incomes have risen as well as the main agricultural problem in the village which is lack of water can be solved. Farmer empowerment strategies undertaken by the Obor Tani Foundation can be used as learning by the government to improve the quality of farmer empowerment.Keywords: Farmer empowerment, Regional government, Non-government foundation.

Mental Health of Family Members Caring for Individuals Living with Bipolar Disorder

Globally, around a third of the adult population suffers from a mental disorder such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness which adversely impacts on the lives of the affected individuals and their family members. BD has a strong influence on the family functioning. The burden of care and responsibility makes it challenging for family members to focus on their lives and future. The aim of the study was to develop and describe a conceptual framework to facilitate the empowerment of family members who care for individuals living with BD. A qualitative research design, which is exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature, was used in this study to explore and describe family members’ mental health when caring for individuals living with BD. The researcher developed and described a conceptual framework based on the research findings of phenomenological interviews with a purposefully selected sample of family members who care for individuals living with BD. The results show that family members were disempowered when caring for individuals living with BD. The central concept of the conceptual framework was identified based on the results as the facilitation of empowerment of family members who care for individuals living with BD. The researcher recommends that the conceptual framework to facilitate the empowerment of family members who care for individuals living with BD be implemented at the mental health clinics. It is also recommended that the conceptual framework be incorporated into the curriculum of psychiatric nursing.

Power with and Power Over: How Domestic Violence Advocates Manage their Roles as Mandated Reporters

Domestic violence (DV) advocates aim to restore survivors’ choice and control, a process that involves sharing power with survivors, to the extent possible. At the same time, as mandated reporters, they are legally required to observe, evaluate, and potentially report survivors’ parenting to the Department of Children and Families (DCF), an activity that involves exerting enormous power over survivors. Although research has long documented the tension between systems that support DV survivor-mothers and systems that support children, almost no research has explored how advocates think about and manage on a daily basis these perhaps contradictory roles. This study aimed to fill this gap. Using a qualitative, focus-group methodology, we conducted six focus groups with advocates across four programs. Findings demonstrate that advocates perceive profound tension between their role as facilitators of empowerment and their obligations as mandated reporters, especially given their (advocates’) general distrust of DCF. They use myriad strategies to manage the resultant conflict, including inward facing strategies, designed to manage their own biases and see survivors in context; survivor-facing strategies, designed to name, share, and use their power in every way possible within the systemic constraints they face; and system-facing strategies that balance cooperation with DCF and continued advocacy for survivor-mothers. Despite their thoughtful and strategic efforts to minimize “power-over” dynamics, however, advocates report that navigating this tension often exacts an emotional toll on them, causes irreparable damage to their advocacy relationships, and harm survivors. A number of actionable recommendations follow, including the need to establish opportunities for survivors to talk with each other, outside the earshot of staff, about their parenting challenges.

A Nation-Wide Assessment of Empowerment Among States' Personal Protective Order Statutes.

The Personal Protective Order (PPO) and the PPO process may provide an opportunity to shift power dynamics from the state/abuser to the victim-a process otherwise known as "victim empowerment." Using a previously established empowerment framework, the Empowerment Process Model, 2017 PPO statutes for all U.S. states and the District of Columbia (n = 51) were examined in regard to 23 statutory elements conceptualized to facilitate the process of victim empowerment for initmate partner violence (IPV) victims. Findings demonstrated that there is little consistency across PPO statutes in regard to empowerment facilitators (8.0-18.5, M = 13.5, SD = 2.3). Three elements were found to be consistently empowering by most states: the use of gender-neutral language, inclusion of same-sex couple violence, and adherence to full faith and credit provision of Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). Future research should examine which statutory elements are associated with the greatest increases in victim empowerment, and model PPO language should be developed. Furthermore, in general, PPO research findings must be discussed within the confines of state statutes and limited generalizability across states.

A model to facilitate the mental health of psychiatric nurses in a forensic unit to manage mental health care users' hostile behaviour constructively.

BackgroundHostile behaviour by mental health care users (MHCUs) is prevalent in forensic units in South Africa, and this causes service providers distress and burnout. Psychiatric nurses (PNs) find it difficult to render quality care to MHCUs who are threatening them and also challenging their authority in a forensic unit. Forensic mental health care practitioners may be challenged to engage authentically with MHCUs who constitute a risk to their personal safety or who have committed acts the practitioner finds morally disturbing. There is a need to facilitate the mental health of PNs in a forensic unit to manage hostile behaviour constructively.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to describe the process that was followed in developing, implementing and evaluating a model that could be used as a framework of reference to facilitate the mental health of PNs in a forensic unit to manage hostile behaviour constructively.MethodA theory-generative, qualitative, exploratory descriptive and contextual study design was used to develop the model. The steps of the process entailed the identification of the central concept, the definition of the central concept and other essential criteria and the classification of the central and related concepts. The model was then described and evaluated.ResultsThe central concept was identified as the ‘facilitation of empowerment of PNs to manage hostility in a constructive manner’, defined, classified and then described and evaluated.ConclusionThe model as framework of reference could assist PNs in managing hostility in a forensic unit constructively.

EFEKTIVITAS PERAN PENYULUH SWADAYA DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

The Role of progressive farmers for Farmer Empowerment in West Java . Farmer empowerment is increasingly marginalized by the reduced number of government extension workers in the village. It requires an alternative problem solving to narrow the poverty gap between cities and villages. Extension services providedly of progressive farmer are needed to help farmers. To find study analyze the role of progressive farmer in providing extension services and factor affecting the services contribute advantages to other farmers. A survey was conducted to gather data from 224 respondent who represent progressive farmers in four districts (Bogor, Karawang, Majalengka, and Sukabumi) West Java. Data processing using descriptive technique and regression analysis. The results show that the majority of progressive farmer have a high role as the facilitator of empowerment, motivator, technical assistant, environmental analyzer and marketing partner in farmer empowerment. It proves the effective role of progressive farmer in assisting farmers to obtain the information needed for their agribusiness activity. Farmers are able to cooperate with their community, able to choose innovations that appropriate to their specific location, or apply local innovations existed in their region. The role of progressive farmer also has a positive effect on the effectiveness level of extension activities from farmers to farmers because they are able to facilitate and bridge the information for farmers from government research institutions and extension agencies.

Rancangan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat pada Pengelolaan Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) Desa Pacekke, Kecamatan Soppeng Riaja, Kabupaten Barru, Sulawesi Selatan

The aim of this study are identified needs to improvecommunity capacity and develop community empowerment plan.This study was used interview method, observation, and references.Selection of samples is done by purposive sampling with community criteria incorporated in Forest Farmer Group of MegahBuana and identified the needs of community capacity building through five strategic issues.The five issues i.e.policy, institutional, forest resources, human resources, economy and social.In the final stages community empowerment plan is made where they were in and around forest for minimalize effect of the consequences of these five strategic issues. The results shown that policy issues, there are limited access to forest resources and high public dependence on government programs.So it needs community empowerment policy where it’s transparent, participatory, consistent and targeted to community.In the institutional issues there are poorof public access to capital, markets, science and technology, and the bargaining position of communities in low partnerships, it is necessary to develop institutional capacity based on institutional-based institutional.In the forest resource issues,forest destruction thatincrease, so it is necessary to design community-based forest resources. In the human resources is less of ability from government officer as facilitator of empowerment, so it needs training plans of capacity building and competence of human resource by government apparatus.In theeconomy and social issues, there are less motivated to entrepreneurship because of the lack of available capital and economic infrastructure and the income of the community is still relatively low, so that need to develop improving access plan and strengthening socio-economic community.

Difficulties and facilities for notification of sexual partners with sexually transmitted infections

Objective: to understand the difficulties and facilities of professionals to notify sexual partners with sexually transmitted infections. Methods: qualitative study carried out with 19 professionals from four referral services in sexually transmitted infections. A semistructured interview was conducted and the statements were analyzed through Content Analysis technique. Results: the difficulties identified were: diversity of types of sexual relationships, resistance of the index patient, emphasis on information transmission, ineffective verbal communication, insufficient time and absence of monitoring. The facilities were: respect for patient autonomy, counseling free of judgments, effective verbal communication, motivation and negotiation, written communication, confidential environment, partnership with the multiprofessional team, communication through card to evaluate effectiveness of notification. Conclusion: based on the competencies, communication was identified as a facilitator of empowerment of the index patient in the process of to reveal the infection to the contacts, and weaknesses emerged in the conduct of cases about the knowledge, planning, implementation, partnership and evaluation.

Nurses’ Experiences Empowering Hospitalized Patients

Four focus groups were conducted to explore acute care nurses' experiences empowering patients and the facilitators and barriers they encountered during the process. Thirty-four nurses employed at four hospitals in the Midwestern United States participated in the study between February and April 2015. Facilitators of empowerment included establishing a therapeutic relationship, fostering communication, providing education, respecting patient autonomy, engaging support systems, and lifting spirit/giving hope. Barriers included conflicting information about plans of care, lack of time, fear and anxiety over unfamiliar environments and routines, ineffective or inadequate support systems, lack of/low accountability, and killing the soul. Nurses also described innovative strategies they used to overcome the barriers. The development of future inpatient empowerment interventions needs to focus on the innovative strategies nurses used to overcome barriers in addition to considering the facilitators and barriers to empowerment that nurses identified.

How empowering is hospital care for older people with advanced disease? Barriers and facilitators from a cross-national ethnography in England, Ireland and the USA.

patient empowerment, through which patients become self-determining agents with some control over their health and healthcare, is a common theme across health policies globally. Most care for older people is in the acute setting, but there is little evidence to inform the delivery of empowering hospital care. we aimed to explore challenges to and facilitators of empowerment among older people with advanced disease in hospital, and the impact of palliative care. we conducted an ethnography in six hospitals in England, Ireland and the USA. The ethnography involved: interviews with patients aged ≥65, informal caregivers, specialist palliative care (SPC) staff and other clinicians who cared for older adults with advanced disease, and fieldwork. Data were analysed using directed thematic analysis. analysis of 91 interviews and 340 h of observational data revealed substantial challenges to empowerment: poor communication and information provision, combined with routinised and fragmented inpatient care, restricted patients' self-efficacy, self-management, choice and decision-making. Information and knowledge were often necessary for empowerment, but not sufficient: empowerment depended on patient-centredness being enacted at an organisational and staff level. SPC facilitated empowerment by prioritising patient-centred care, tailored communication and information provision, and the support of other clinicians. empowering older people in the acute setting requires changes throughout the health system. Facilitators of empowerment include excellent staff-patient communication, patient-centred, relational care, an organisational focus on patient experience rather than throughput, and appropriate access to SPC. Findings have relevance for many high- and middle-income countries with a growing population of older patients with advanced disease.

PENGEMBANGAN TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM) SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MENUJU MASYARAKAT INFORMASI

Development of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) describes that there are dominant factors affecting the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in society. This paper described the development of TAM in the context of the implementation of community development towards an information society. Implementation of empowerment facilitators conducted with the community. Implementation of empowerment aims to build positive perceptions of the benefits and convenience of ICT in society. Perceptions will positively affect the willingness of communities to utilize ICT. Furthermore, the willingness to utilize ICTs will influence the awareness and public demand for information as a source of strength. Communities that utilize ICT in order to satisfy the high demand for information is called information society.