Employment Hope Research Articles

청년희망키움통장 사업 참여 경험이 있는 생계 급여 수급 근로 빈곤 청년의 정서적 자립과 경제적 자립 간의 관계 검증을 통한 자립 과정에 대한 탐구

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between emotional independence and economic independence among young adults receiving livelihood support in South Korea. Emotional independence is a concept composed of hope and barriers related to labor and employment, involving a process of increasing hope and overcoming obstacles. This research conceptualizes economic independence as transitioning from livelihood support to regular employment and examines the relationships between employment barriers, employment hope, labor in regular jobs, and the transition from livelihood support using structural equation modeling with a sample of 417 young adults receiving livelihood support. The results indicate that hope serves as a mediator between employment barriers and the transition from livelihood support. The findings highlight the importance of overcoming practical and psychological employment barriers and fostering employment-related hope, including recognizing one's own worth and abilities, being motivated by future prospects, setting goals related to work, and utilizing skills and resources to achieve these goals, for low-income young adults to achieve economic independence through the transition from livelihood support. The study's results extend the understanding of independence by revealing the importance of enhancing emotional capacities in the process of economic independence for low-income young adults. Furthermore, it is expected that these findings will stimulate related research and contribute to the development of a more multidimensional and integrated support system in South Korea's youth-related policies, moving beyond a focus on support for employment, housing, and education to support various aspects of young adults' lives, including entrepreneurship.

An Investigation of Employment Hope as a Key Factor Influencing Perceptions of Subjective Recovery among Adults with Serious Mental Illness Seeking Community Work.

Employment is an important contributor to recovery in people with serious mental illness (SMI), yet studies have not explored how subjective elements of employment hope contribute to perceptions of global recovery in this population. The current study examined the relationship between employment hope and subjective recovery in 276 unemployed adults with SMI participating in a multi-site clinical trial of a cognitive behavioral group intervention tailored toward work and combined with vocational rehabilitation. Participants had diagnoses of schizophrenia spectrum, bipolar, depressive, and posttraumatic stress disorders, and were receiving services at three Veterans Affairs healthcare facilities in the United States. Data were collected at study baseline. Linear regression analysis examined the relationship between employment hope (Short Employment Hope Scale; EHS-14) and subjective recovery (Recovery Assessment Scale; RAS) after controlling for psychiatric symptom severity and mental-health-related burden on daily life. After accounting for covariates, employment hope significantly contributed to the regression model explaining subjective recovery. The overall model of predictor variables explained 52.5% of the variance in recovery. The results further explore the relationships between EHS-14 and RAS subscales. The findings suggest that employment hope is a key intervention target to bolster subjective recovery in this vulnerable population.

The moderator role of career decidedness in the effect of artificial intelligence anxiety on employment hope

The rapid rise of artificial intelligence in every sector and the anxiety created by technological change affect university students' job prospects and future career determination. The main purpose of this study is to determine whether career decidedness has a moderating role in the effect of artificial intelligence anxiety on university students' job hopes. The study sample consists of 389 students (264 female, 125 male) selected by convenience sampling method from a foundation university in Istanbul. The ages of the participants are between 18-34+. The questionnaire comprises four sections: demographic information, artificial intelligence anxiety, employment hope, and career decidedness. The questionnaire, which is a quantitative research method, consists of 5-point Likert statements. A total of 36 statements were included for three variables. The data analysis was tested using Spearman correlation analysis and quantile regression analysis. Spearman correlation analysis revealed weak and very weak relationships between the scales. As a result of quantile regression analysis, it was determined that career determination did not have a moderating role in the effect of artificial intelligence anxiety on employment hope.

Does Career Decidedness Affect Employment Hope? The Mediating Role of Education Quality in Higher Education

Abstract In today’s conditions, one of the most important issues that confuse students in higher education is their career. With the increasing economic conditions and population growth, it becomes more difficult for them to decide on their careers. Employment perspectives and professional awareness levels are important for job seekers to find a job that meets their knowledge, skills and expectations and to ensure continuity. The general mood for students to have information about finding a job after graduation is expressed as employment hope. The quality of education students receive in higher education will affect their careers and futures. In this study, it is aimed to examine the mediating role of the education quality (EQ) in higher education in the relationship between career decidedness (CD) and employment hope (EH) of university students. The research was conducted with a sample of 476 people which continues to their higher education in different universities in Türkiye. According to the findings obtained; a statistically significant positive correlation was found between CD and EQ, CD and EH, and EQ and EH. In addition, according to the mediation test, it was determined that education quality had a partial and weak mediating role between CD and EH.

Thriving in the face of youth unemployment: The role of personal and social resources

AbstractExtensive research indicated that unemployment has detrimental impacts upon psychological well‐being of young individuals. Nevertheless, psychological well‐being of unemployed college graduates remained unexamined in the existing literature. The current study sought to investigate the direct and indirect roles of self, social, and work resources on the mental health of unemployed college graduates (N = 291). The results of path analysis pointed out that only self‐esteem, employment hope, and family social support were directly linked with psychological well‐being. Additionally, there were indirect paths from work–role centrality, self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and job search motivation to psychological well‐being via employment hope.

The Structural Model of Self-acceptance, Thematic Relationships and Hope for Employment through Mediating Sense of Agency and Its Effect on Life Quality of Blind and Low-vision Graduates

Background: The present study aims to use structural model in explaining the effect of unconditional self-acceptance, the quality of thematic relationships, and the hope for employment regarding the life quality of blind and visually impaired students based on the mediating role of the sense of agency.
 Methods: This study used descriptive research method of correlation type, which was carried out by structural equations. Moreover, this project was practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the current research included all the 12 to 35 blind and partially sighted people who were members of the Blind Association of Khuzestan province in 2022 with, university education (associate to doctorate). Targeted face sampling was used, and research tools included the following questionnaires: Life Quality of the Blind and Visually Impaired (2000), Unconditional Self-Acceptance (2001), the Quality of Subjective Relationships (1985), the Employment Hope (2007) and the Sense of Agency for People with Visual Impairments (2007). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM).
 Results: The sum of squared multiple correlations (R2) for quality of life was equal to 0.58 (P = 0.001, β = 0.358). Accordingly, it can be said that the sense of agency mediates the effect of quality of the subject relationships regarding life quality of the blind graduates in a negative way, and the effect of hope for employment (β = 0.303, P = 0.001) and unconditional acceptance (β = 0.254, P = 0.001) on their life quality in a positive and meaningful way.
 Conclusion: Hope for employment and self-acceptance and the quality of local relationships as well as the sense of agency affect the life quality of blind and visually impaired people, and psychologists and people who are in contact with them.

Academic Burnout and its Relationship with Employment Hope among Health Sciences Students

Academic Burnout and its Relationship with Employment Hope among Health Sciences Students

Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin İş Umudu: Türkiye Örneği: Kesitsel Tanımlayıcı Çalışma

Objective: Today, unemployment has become an increasing problem. In general, the reason for attending university in our country, Türkiye, is the anxiety about getting a job. The authors' aim was to investigate undergraduate nursing students' employment hope levels and to determine the factors affecting employment hope. Material and Methods: In this study, the descriptive-survey research method was used. The sample of the study consisted of undergraduate nursing students who attended the nursing faculty of a public university in the 2018-2019 academic year. The Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Employment Hope Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale were used as data collection tools. Results: The sample group of the study consists of 645 students and the participation rate was 59.12%. In the study, 53.5% preferred nursing of their own free will, 82.5% wanted to improve themselves in the profession and to stay in the profession after they graduated, and 89.3% worried about finding a job. The analysis of the correlation between the variable choosing nursing by one's own preference and the employment hope levels revealed that, though statistically not significant, the variable positively correlated with the 'psychological empowerment' subscale (p=0.067), and significantly positively with the 'goal-oriented pathways' subscale (p<0.001). Conclusion: It is recommended to provide the participants with guidance services on the psychological effects of unemployment and methods to cope with these effects, and to gain them various perspectives to view nursing from different aspects by acquainting them with the fields they are to work in after graduation.

Lifelong Learning Tendency and Self-Efficacy Perception as a Predictor of Employment Hope of Preservice Teachers

Lifelong Learning Tendency and Self-Efficacy Perception as a Predictor of Employment Hope of Preservice Teachers

Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP) for SUD recovery: A promising practice innovation to combat the opioid crisis

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the psychological self-sufficiency (PSS) process among low-income individuals participating in the Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP) program and explore the implications of TIP as a SUD recovery intervention. A sample of 622 individuals from 9 local job training programs in a large Midwestern city was used to examine the group differences in substance abuse barrier and employment hope as they relates to economic self-sufficiency (ESS). Individuals in the TIP program (n = 315) had statistically significant path coefficients between substance abuse barriers, employment hope and ESS while the non-TIP counterpart (n = 307) showed a significant path only between employment hope and ESS. Also, the time difference score in substance abuse barrier and ESS was greater for the TIP group compared to the non-TIP comparison group. Results provide implications for social work practice among persons with SUDs. While the traditional employment programs focused only on the interview and job skills, TIP allowed participants to discover their resources to address the inner obstacles that have been holding them back. TIP could serve as a promising model to treat SUDs and support the recovery process.

The mediating effects of quality of life, depression, and generalized anxiety on perceived barriers to employment success for people diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

BackgroundNeurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder that presents with physical symptoms that can negatively impact numerous areas of one’s life, including occupational and psychological functioning, with decreased quality of life compared to a normative population. The purpose of the current study was to explore differences in the impact of psychological factors (anxiety and depression), quality of life and employment hope on barriers to successful employment between those with NF1 and matched controls.MethodsA total of 212 individuals were stratified into two groups (NF1 and matched controls) using a cross-sectional design that collected a one-time response.ResultsA mediation analysis in which total barriers to successful employment on the differences between groups with quality of life, anxiety and depression as the mediators, and levels of employment hope as the co-variates were examined. The results confirmed a direct (.001) and indirect (< .001) relationship between barriers to successful employment with NF1 to matched controls, and with quality of life, anxiety, and depression.ConclusionsThe current findings indicate that the barriers to successful employment for individuals with NF1 impact their quality of life, anxiety, and depression more than that of the matched controls. Poorer barriers of employment observed amongst people with a genetic disease can impact mental health and quality of life.

Factors Associated with Employment Hope among North Korean Defectors in South Korea

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine various factors associated with employment hope among 702 North Korean defectors who newly entered the Settlement Support Center in South Korea. These defectors typical cross the border into China whose government does not grant them refugee status, considering them irregular economic migrants. Employment hope is a significant issue of concern as it has consistently been found to contribute to economic success for low‐income jobseekers in both South Korea and the United States. Four factors of the Employment Hope Scale (EHS) – psychological empowerment, futuristic self‐motivation, utilisation of skills and resources, and goal orientation – were used as dimensions of employment hope. Using a multivariate regression analysis, the results indicate that age, education, repatriation and time spent as irregular migrant significantly contributed to employment hope. We conclude that personal and escape‐related factors be considered contextually and deliberately in job training programs for newly arriving North Korean defectors.

Examining Psychological Self-Sufficiency Among Low-Income Jobseekers with Mental Health Barriers.

The study is to investigate psychological self-sufficiency-the force within someone that activates cognitive and non-cognitive process of shifting perceived barriers into hope actions-as it relates to economic self-sufficiency among jobseekers with mental health barriers. Among a sample of 2455 low-income jobseekers in job readiness programs at six community-based agencies in Chicago, a subsample of 424 who self-identified as having mental illness barriers are selected to analyze the relationships between employment hope, employment barriers, and economic self-sufficiency using structural equation modeling. Results indicate that employment hope mediates the path between perceived employment barriers and economic self-sufficiency. The study further highlights the positive effects of employment barriers on employment hope among jobseekers with perceived mental illnesses. The findings support growing evidence that psychological self-sufficiency is positively associated with gaining economic self-sufficiency in workforce development programs.

Examining Psychological Self-Sufficiency among African American Low-Income Jobseekers in a Health Profession Career Pathways Program

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of low-income African American jobseekers participating in the Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) program by employing a mixed method (Qual-Quant) approach. For qualitative data, two in-depth focus groups were conducted with a total of 12 participants who either completed one program or graduated from the HPOG program. With quantitative data, amediation path analysis was conducted using Model 4 of the PROCESS macro (3.1) with a total of 386 participants. The qualitative content analysis of the focus groups generated an overarching theme of the relationship influence on generating hope that included four phenomenological categories: (a) staff and instructors’ approach to engagement and support with on-going accessibility and close follow-up; (b) experience-based career motivation; (c) hope as the core driver to overcoming perceived barriers; and (d) supportive relationships as key to instilling hope. In addition, the quantitative analysis confirmed a full mediation model with the path from perceived employment barriers to economic self-sufficiency being mediated by employment hope. The model suggested that the psychological self-sufficiency (PSS) process is key to increasing the economic self-sufficiency (ESS) outcome. Findings supported the importance ofa relationship-based, culturally competent practice to strengthen the PSS process in health profession workforce development among low-income African American jobseekers.

A Randomized Controlled Trial Study of Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP) Policy Experiment in South Korea

Purpose: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) study examined the efficacy of the Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP) program for low-income, low-skilled jobseekers in the Self-Sufficiency Program (SSP) in South Korea. Method: A total of 169 participants in SSP regional centers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (104 participants) and the wait-list control group (65 participants). Employment hope, perceived employment barriers, economic self-sufficiency (ESS), self-esteem and self-efficacy were measured at two time points, and data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test and an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The TIP intervention group showed statistically significant increase in employment hope, ESS, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. The ANCOVA result indicated significant pre–post score differences in these variables between the TIP and the control groups. Discussion: TIP program can be effective in increasing psychological capital for low-income and low-skilled jobseekers. Further research ought to replicate the current RCT study to determine its application to other populations.

Validation of the Employment Hope Scale (EHS) among summer youth employment program participants

The purpose of this study is to validate the Employment Hope Scale (EHS) among vulnerable youth who are seeking to enter the workforce through a summer youth employment program (SYEP). Hong, Polanin, and Pigott (2012) developed the EHS as a client-centered measure based on its earlier conceptualization from the client focus group interviews resulting in an original delineation of a 24-item six-factor structure. Considering a dearth of reliable measures of youth employment hope, this study examined the applicability of EHS to the youth population by validating it using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results from a sample of 255 SYEP participants found an 18-item 5-factor EHS under two components: (1) psychological empowerment (self-worth; self-perceived capability) and (2) goal-oriented pathways (self-motivation; utilization of skills and resources; goal-orientation). Convergent, discriminant, and known-groups validity tests also confirmed that the EHS is a valid measure among SYEP participants.

Pathway of Employment From Uncovering Barriers to Discovering Hope: Nontraditional, Student-Centered, Relationship-Based Approach

This study explores the experiences and perspectives of service providers with regard to the process of psychological self-sufficiency (PSS) among students in the Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) program. Based on a social work theory of PSS as our organizing framework, combined qualitative content analysis (inductive to deductive) was conducted with two service provider focus groups ( n = 16) and three student focus groups ( n = 27). The overarching theme of nontraditional, student-centered, holistic staff approaches which lead to the pathway from uncovering perceived employment barriers to discovering employment hope emerged with four phenomenological categories. The findings supported the adaptations of service providers’ different roles when providing student-centered approach in service delivery to reach maximal PSS for a better outcome in case management.

Spirituality, Employment Hope, and Grit: Modeling the Relationship among Underemployed Urban African Americans

Spirituality, Employment Hope, and Grit: Modeling the Relationship among Underemployed Urban African Americans

Facilitating Transformation in Workforce Training: Using Clinical Theory to Understand Psychological Self-Sufficiency

ABSTRACTAcknowledging the scarcity of a bottom up social work practice model in facilitating the development of success in workforce development programs, this study explores Psychological self-sufficiency (PSS) as an emerging social work practice theory. Phenomenological studies of low-income jobseekers in employment training along with the empirical validation of measures of the core constructs of PSS – employment hope scale (EHS) and perceived employment barrier scale (PEBS) – and testing of the theoretical model resulted in the emergence of a new theory of PSS. PSS was conceptually defined as a dynamic and internal drive that activates the process of transforming cognitively and affectively perceived barriers into hope driven action – the process that enables individuals to move forward toward goals. Based on the evidence of PSS, a participant-centered group intervention model called transforming impossible into possible (TIP) program was developed. This article delineates the trajectory of PSS theory development by critically reviewing various streams of practice theories influencing the PSS theory. Next, the conditions that necessitated the creation of the TIP program and its core principles underlying the functions of PSS are explained. By depicting the TIP program with direct quotes of clients’ experiences, authors exemplify the successful self-discovery process through enhanced PSS skills as a result of participating in the TIP program.

Development and Challenges of Social Enterprises in Taiwan—From the Perspective of Community Development

Social enterprises (SEs) have formed a naturally conscientious atmosphere in Taiwan, which has not only diluted the boundary between society and enterprises, but also transformed the inherent thinking of nonprofit organizations (NPOs). SEs operate under cross-organizational and cross-departmental models. For years, the rapid economic development of Taiwan has focused on the pursuit of profit without focusing on the development of NPOs. Only after the economy began to slow down did society gradually see a new trend based on the concept of SEs and the cultivation of community self-sufficiency to solve social problems. Its successful implementation is of great significance to the sustainable development of Taiwan. Community industry is based on the community and it is people-oriented. From the perspective of sustainable development, community industry is invested in economic activities and creates multiple benefits to a sustainable community and to social, environmental, cultural, financial, and other developments. From the early “production and welfare construction” to the “new hometown overall construction policy”, Taiwan has placed emphasis on inherent local industry activation, such as the establishment of local industrial exchange centers, local industry sustainable mechanism construction, local characteristic small community enterprises, as well as economic plans, including “Sustainable Employment Hope Project” and “Diverse Employment Development Program”, promoted by the Labor Commission since 2001. All of these are focused on building and developing a community industry, and relevant authorities look forward to the vitality of the community industry to create more job opportunities and community interests. Based on literature review of social enterprise, this paper leads small- and medium-sized community industries to meet the development of business models from the economic perspective of commercialization and the social perspective of social innovation in order to solve the quality crisis that is faced by nonprofit organizations and to maintain the sustainable development of the enterprise. By the design of a nonprofit and mutual-assistance mechanism, poverty relief results can be obtained. SEs, which are similar to regular enterprises, can encounter challenging business environments and they must also possess the ability to assume business risks. Specifically, SEs must consider the dual goals of having a social mission while achieving economic goals. This study provides a detailed understanding of the existence and operational characteristics of SEs in Taiwan.