Cessation Of Employment Research Articles

Understanding employee experiences of developing younger onset dementia within the workplace: A scoping review.

There is limited information focussing on the perspectives of persons with younger onset dementia (YOD) in employment. This poses challenges for supporting this demographic within the workplace and during their transition to retirement. The aim of this scoping review is to address the identified need to ascertain what is known about the perspectives of employees with YOD. Records were included if they: considered working-aged persons who received a diagnosis of YOD whilst employed or soon after ceasing employment; considered the perspective of the person with YOD; and were published in English. Four databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) were systematically searched, and grey literature was sought using the Google Scholar search engine. Using PRISMA-ScR guidelines, two reviewers screened the title/abstract then full text of identified documents. Disagreements were resolved with a third reviewer. Research papers were narratively synthesised, thematically analysed, and critically appraised. Fourteen peer-reviewed research papers, and nineteen grey literature items were included in the review, with research papers found to be of reasonably high methodological quality. Five themes were identified, describing the experiences of employees with YOD: (1) Trying to manage difficulties prior to diagnosis; (2) Disclosure at the point of diagnosis; (3) Reasonable adjustments; (4) Employment cessation; and (5) Regaining meaningful roles following retirement. Findings revealed evidence for an emerging understanding of the lived experience of developing YOD within the workplace; however, further research is needed regarding the capabilities and support needs for persons with YOD to influence workplace policies and practices.

The Influence of Age and Income on Financial Planning: A Case Study on its Impact on Retirement Planning Decision

Retirement refers to a stage in life when an individual stops working and transitions into a life of leisure and relaxationwhere involvement in activities decreases and becomes more limited. Even after a person reaches retirement age, a good retirement life needs continued job and a source of regular income. Retirement planning includes financial planning and preparation to ensure a comfortable standard of living after the cessation of employment. Inadequate retirement planning will typically result in some dissatisfaction during retirement. Therefore, it is crucial to have a good retirement plan. The reasonto conduct this study is to examine the significance of demographic variables and its impact while preparing for retirementin India amongst young employees. The objectivehere is determining the importanceofvariables including age and incomewith regard to financial planning for retirement. The study is conducted in Indian context. Age and income are the demographic factors on which the study is conducted. The conclusions of this research will aidpeople of India in creating a sound retirement plan for their future.

Satisfaction and employment of adult patients after cochlear implantation

Introduction There are more than 465 million people worldwide living with some form of hearing impairment, with one-third of them over the age of 65. In the EU, there are 34.4 million adults with a hearing loss of 35 dB or more. Studies in a series of European countries show that two out of three Europeans, or more than 22.6 million people, do not treat their impairment. With a steadily ageing population that is living longer, and with hearing loss due to increased noise exposure starting earlier, this growth will increase even more in the coming years. Projections suggest that by 2050, more than 900 million people will have a disabling loss. (WHO: Deafness and Hearing Loss Factsheet March 2018 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ fs300/en/Accessed 9 Mar 2018) This poses major challenges for both society and the individual. Hearing impairment can lead to social isolation, depression, cessation of employment, and a range of co-morbidities. Cochlear implants are medical devices that can help restore hearing in people with severe to profound neurosensory hearing loss. For children, this includes normal speech development and language acquisition at a rate similar to their hearing peers. For adults, this allows many to remain economically and socially active, reducing the significant societal burden and costs that an undiagnosed and untreated hearing impairment can bring. Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cochlear implant placement on occupational opportunities, satisfaction and employment in postlingual patients.

Psychosocial Working Conditions and Social Participation. A 10-Year Follow-Up of Senior Workers.

Social participation is important for health, and it is well known that high strain jobs impact negatively on mental and physical health. However, knowledge about the impact of psychosocial working conditions on social participation from a long-term perspective is lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between different job types and social participation from a long-term perspective. A comprehensive public health questionnaire “The Scania Public Health Survey”, was used, and psychosocial working conditions were measured with a Swedish translation of the Job Content Questionnaire. Based on data from 1098 working respondents aged 55 at baseline and a 10-year follow-up when the respondents were not working, the analyses revealed that social participation varied by job type. Jobs with high decision latitude, as in active and relaxed jobs, seem to predict high social participation, even after cessation of employment. Besides that, the result suggests that high social participation during working life is a predictor of high social participation from a long-term perspective which promotes healthy aging. Incentives for working longer are strongly related to good working conditions. A supportive work environment with possibilities for employees to participate in decision making, i.e., high control, is vital for a sustainable working life. This may contribute to an extended working life and may also support social participation prior to retirement as well as after retirement and thus to healthy aging.

The Association of Sensory Impairment With Incident Disability-Related Cessation of Employment in Older Adults

Sensory impairment (SI) is common among older adults, and it is an increasingly important public health challenge as the population ages. We evaluated the association between SI and incident disability-related cessation of employment in older adults using the population-based Health and Retirement Study. Participants employed in 2006 completed biennial interviews until self-reported incident disability-related cessation of employment. Participants were censored at loss to follow-up, retirement, or 2018. Participants rated their vision and hearing, using eyeglasses or hearing aids if applicable, on a Likert scale (poor, fair, good, very good, excellent). SI was defined as poor or fair ability, and SI was categorized as neither SI (NSI), vision impairment alone (VI), hearing impairment alone (HI), and dual SI (DSI). Cox proportional hazard regression assessed the association between SI and incident disability-related cessation of employment, adjusting for demographic and health covariates. Overall, 4726 participants were included: 421 (8.9%) were with VI, 487 (10.3) with HI, and 203 (4.3%) with DSI. Mean age was 61.0 ± 6.8 years, 2488 (52.6%) were women, and 918 (19.4) were non-White. In the fully adjusted model, incident disability-related cessation of employment over the 12-year follow-up period was higher in VI (Hazard Ratio (HR)=1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.92, 1.85), HI (HR=1.60, CI=1.16, 2.22), and DSI (HR=2.02, CI=1.38, 2.96). These findings indicate that employed older adults with SI are at increased risk of incident disability-related cessation of employment, and that older adults with DSI are particularly vulnerable. Addressing SI in older adults may lengthen their contribution to the workforce.

Employment Cessation, Long Term Labour Market Engagement and HIV Infection Risk Among People Who Inject Drugs in an Urban Canadian Setting.

The potential for changes in socio-economic status, such as employment exits, to increase HIV infection risk are not well examined among people who inject illicit drugs (PWID). We used longstanding cohort data from Vancouver, Canada, to longitudinally assess associations between employment cessation and outcomes with documented linkages to HIV infection risk among PWID. From 2005 to 2015, 1222 participants reported 1154 employment exits. Employment exits were significantly associated with transitions into unstable housing; moving to the inner-city; initiating informal, prohibited or illegal income generation; high risk drug use practices; and exiting methadone maintenance therapy. HIV infection rates were higher among participants with lower long-term labour market engagement. These findings suggest that employment cessation coincides with initiating exposure to aspects of socioeconomic marginalization and drug use associated with HIV infection risk. Support for employment retention that prevents poverty entrenchment and harmful drug use could contribute to HIV prevention measures for PWID.

Zasada solidarności między pokoleniami na przykładzie systemu emerytalnego

<p>Solidarność między pokoleniami w publicznych systemach emerytalnych dla niniejszej analizy związana jest z obowiązującą w repartycyjnych systemach emerytalnych umową między pokoleniami. W perspektywie badawczej – biorąc pod uwagę, że realizacja prawa do emerytury odbywa się w dłuższej przestrzeni czasowej, a świadczenia w systemie repartycyjnym są finansowane przez pokolenie aktywne zawodowo – obowiązywanie umowy między pokoleniami zostało użyte dla określenia obowiązku opłacania składek w czasie aktywności zawodowej, by móc skorzystać z prawa do pobierania świadczenia po zaprzestaniu zatrudnienia. Taka konstrukcja systemów emerytalnych opartych o zasadę repartycji wskazuje na bezpośrednią relację między płacącymi składkę a pobierającymi świadczenia. Jest to o tyle ważne, że solidarność między pokoleniami związana jest z redystrybucyjną funkcją państwa, co z kolei implikuje uwzględnienie interesów wszystkich obywateli w sytuacji konieczności podziału dóbr i narzucania obciążeń publicznoprawnych.</p>

People with diabetes at work – real threats and myths

Diabetes is a metabolic disease with complex and varied etiology characterized by chronic elevated level of glucose in the blood. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% of all cases of the disease. Diabetes is a civilization disease, affecting a person younger and younger, and therefore with an increase in the number of new cases of the disease increase not only costs of the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and its complications, but also the costs resulting from premature cessation of employment and unemployment, which affects people suffering from diabetes. Diabetics often have trouble with finding the appropriate job and those who work are afraid of losing their jobs because of the false belief about their frequent absenteeism and lower productivity. Performance of work by a diabetic is recommended and beneficial, and only a few professions are not recommended for them. To employee with diabetes can safely work, you must create it with adequate working conditions and education in diabetes must apply to all - not only the patient but also his family, friends and co-workers.

Mid-life job insecurity associated with subjective well-being in old age: results from the population-based MONICA/KORA study.

This study aimed to examine prospectively the influence of exposure to job insecurity during working life on subjective well-being (SWB) after retirement, an association which has not been studied to date. Data were derived from the prospective population-based MONICA/KORA study conducted in southern Germany. Participants were recruited and data were collected during three independent surveys between 1984-1995 (T1) and followed up in 2009 (T2). The study sample consisted of 1801 employed participants (1146 male/ 655 female) aged 41-72 years at T1 and ≥ 65 years at T2, without missing data. Self-administered questionnaires and clinical examinations were used to assess job insecurity and risk factors at T1 and SWB at T2. Mean follow-up was 19.6 years. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association of job insecurity with SWB after retirement. We accounted for an extensive set of sociodemographic, lifestyle-, health- and work-related risk factors. At T1, 39.5% of the participants reported job insecurity, which was associated with a 1.40-fold [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08-1.82] risk of low SWB at T2 in models adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle- and health-related conditions at T1. Additional adjustment for a set of work-related risk factors at T1 had little effect on this association. Exposure to job insecurity at midlife was associated with low SWB in retirement, even after controlling for an extensive set of risk factors. This shows that the negative effects of unstable working conditions might persist well into retirement, long after cessation of employment.

The effects of ill health and informal care roles on the employment retention of mid-life women: Does the workplace matter?

This article uses longitudinal data to measure the effects of ill health and informal care roles on the employment chances of mid-life women, and to examine how these effects are mediated by workplace characteristics. We find that women in jobs with lower skills/status encounter the greatest difficulty in finding accommodations for changes in their health and informal care roles. We identify an important role for paid sick leave and holiday leave in boosting employment retention. However, we find that the positive employment effects of permanent contracts do not extend to women experiencing increased informal care roles. Additionally, we do not identify a positive link between employment retention and flexible working time arrangements. However, we do establish a link between a preference for reduced working hours and employment cessation, suggesting that some women experience problems in achieving flexible working hours and that this causes some of them to leave work altogether. We argue that these findings are relevant to the design of policy initiatives aimed at lifting rates of workforce participation as part of the response to population ageing.

Managing global talent: solving the spousal adjustment problem

Spousal adjustment issues, increasingly career related, are a major reason for expatriate assignment failure. Employer-provided spousal assistance programs have been proposed to address this situation. This field study of 238 expatriate spouses found that those who experience a severe disruption or cessation of employment have significantly lower interaction adjustment to the expatriate experience than others. For spouses with a career orientation to work, females had higher cultural and interactional adjustment than males. Only 18% of the spouses received employer-provided career assistance, and there was no significant difference in adjustment between spouses who received assistance and those who did not. Interviews with 100 spouses indicated that their greatest needs are for networking information to assist with their job search and for a ‘go to’ person for practical settling-in assistance.

Breast cancer risk among female employees of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation in Australia

To determine whether there is an excess risk of breast cancer among female employees of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), especially outside Queensland, compared with women in the general populations of the states and territories. We used an occupational cohort design. Information from ABC staff records was linked with data from state and territory cancer registries to identify female employees of the ABC with an incident, histologically confirmed breast cancer. Data linkage was complemented by a self-report method. We included a cohort of ABC female employees who had developed breast cancer at any time between 1994 and 2005, during their employment or after cessation of employment with the ABC. The standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated as the number of women at the ABC observed with breast cancer divided by the expected number based on population rates in each state and territory. Tests for heterogeneity were performed to examine the variation of breast cancer risk between states and territories. Out of 5969 women who were permanently employed either part-time or full-time at the ABC between 1994 and 2005, 48 eligible women with breast cancer were identified. An excess risk of breast cancer among ABC female employees in Queensland (identified in an earlier study) was reconfirmed. No excess risk of breast cancer was observed among ABC staff diagnosed in states outside Queensland (SIR, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.72-1.38]), or in Australia as a whole (including Queensland) (SIR, 1.12 [95% CI, 0.83-1.49]). There was no significant heterogeneity in breast cancer risk among states and territories once Queensland was excluded from the analysis (P = 0.39). No statistically significant excess risk of breast cancer in ABC female employees was found across the Australian states and territories as a whole compared with their respective population incidences. A statistically significant increased risk of breast cancer was found among ABC female employees in Queensland, consistent with the findings in an earlier report.

A study into the employment trends of individuals treated at a spinal cord injury centre

This study was undertaken to identify the employment status of individuals before and after spinal cord injury (SCI), the factors influencing return to work and the reasons why return to previous employment status were difficult, delayed or not achieved. The study identified when individuals were ready to address return to employment issues as well as the resources that may be required to support return to work. Postal questionnaires were sent to 242 individuals, aged 16 years and above, who were admitted to the Stanmore spinal cord injury centre (SCIC) with acute, traumatic SCI between 1998 and 2003. Forty-two percent of respondents returned to paid employment however, only 26% actually remained in employment. Reasons for non-return to or cessation of employment were primarily related to respondents' health, access to transport and training. Twenty-five percent of respondents described themselves as long-term sick, particularly those with cervical injuries. Physical intensity of work activities altered after injury. For those returning to paid employment, family and employer support was reported to be most commonly available and beneficial . Those respondents who had more structured support schemes had found them beneficial. Approximately half of respondents stated they were ready to address return to work during their admission. Findings suggest that vocational advice and education should be available following a SCI, particularly for those with a cervical injury or those working in heavy or strenuous jobs before injury.

Carbon black and lung cancer: Testing a new exposure metric in a German cohort

A cohort mortality study of a large carbon black production plant in Germany showed an elevation in lung cancer mortality (SMR 1.81 (95% CI: 1.34-2.39)), although the elevation could not be linked to exposure to carbon black. In follow up to a British study of carbon black production workers [Sorahan et al., 2007] in which risk of lung cancer progressively declined after cessation of employment-in contrast to an expected upward trend-we evaluated the German cohort with a similar methodology, that is, by focusing on the first 15 years after leaving employment in terms of lung cancer SMR. In our SMR analysis of the German cohort of 1,528 men and an inception cohort of 1,271 men, distinctly different results from the British cohort were observed. We observed a rising trend in lung cancer SMR, in contrast to the declining SMR trend noted in the British cohort. In fact, Cox models for lung cancer mortality with attained age as the basic time variable showed negative coefficients for the full and inception cohorts. Our analysis of a large German cohort of carbon black workers does not support the concept of a declining risk of lung cancer following cessation of employment.

Work dynamics among persons with systemic lupus erythematosus

To track changes in the proportion of persons ages 18-64 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who were employed from diagnosis through 2004, to estimate changes in annual work hours during this time, and to describe risk factors for work loss among those employed at diagnosis. A structured telephone survey was administered to a cohort of 982 persons with SLE, which was assembled between 2002 and 2004. Of the 900 enrolled in 2002-2003, 832 (92%) were re-interviewed in 2004. We tabulated the proportion employed at diagnosis, at baseline interview, and at followup in 2004. Among individuals employed at each time frame, we estimated the hours of work per year. We then used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate time until work loss among individuals employed at diagnosis and Cox proportional hazards regression to describe the risk factors for such work loss. Between diagnosis and followup interview, the proportion employed declined from 74% to 54%. Over the same period, hours of work per year declined by 32.2% among all individuals with a work history, but by only 1% among those continuously employed. Among individuals working at diagnosis, the proportion employed declined by 15% and 63% after 5 and 20 years, respectively. Demographics (age, sex, and education) and work characteristics (physical and psychological demands of jobs and level of control) were the principal determinants of work loss. Total cessation of employment, rather than reduced hours among employed persons, accounts for most of the decline in annual work hours among persons with SLE.

Medically Recommended Cessation of Employment Among Pregnant Women in Georgia

Medically Recommended Cessation of Employment Among Pregnant Women in Georgia

Self-reported carpal tunnel syndrome: predictors of work disability from the National Health Interview Survey Occupational Health Supplement.

The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for work disability among persons with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The study was designed to analyze data from the Occupational Health Supplement of the National Health Interview Survey, a nationwide, population-based survey. Subjects included 544 survey respondents with self-report of CTS and 32,688 survey respondents without CTS, all aged 18-64 years, and with a history of labor force participation. Measurements were as follows: Dependent variables were work disability, defined either as cessation of employment without attribution of cause or, alternatively, as cessation of employment or job change specifically attributed to CTS by the survey respondent. Independent variables were ergonomic risk of work disability, defined by minutes of workplace repetitive hand and wrist bending for the most recent job held. This measure was derived from responses categorized by an occupation and industry matrix independent of CTS status. Socio-demographic and health status risk factors for work disability were based on the respondent report. The main results were as follows: Among 544 persons with CTS, 58 (11%, CI 8-13%) reported work disability specifically attributed to CTS, representing an estimated national prevalence of 240,578 persons with this limitation. Workplace ergonomic risk, measured as repetitive hand or wrist bending in the occupation and industry of last employment, was a significant factor predictive of CTS-attributed work disability (per 120 min of daily exposure, OR 1.7, CI 1.1-2.6), even after taking into account socio-demographic factors and health status. The conclusions were that work disability among persons with CTS is common. For those with CTS, working conditions characterized by repetitive bending of the hand or wrist may increase the risk of work disability associated with this condition.

Deteriorating Health and the Cessation of Employment among Older Workers

Using a representative sample of community-residing elderly in Massachusetts above the age of 65, this study indicates that people who experience a deterioration in their health are more likely to stop working than those who do not experience such an adverse event. Depending on the health measure used, the odds of stopping work due to poorer health range from 2.11:1 to 3.93:1. A decline in health was also a better predictor of working or not working than were the sociodemographic variables included in this analysis.

Women, Work and Stress: A Review and Agenda for the Future

A review olfthe literature on women and work-related stress was conducted to identify conclusions regarding the link betw een job conditions conducive to stress and disease outcomes, and to suggest directions fr jfiture research. Defined as an imbalance between perceived demand and pe)-ceived capability, stress is viewed as an intervening variable between conditions c(onducil'e to stress, and responses and the more enduring disease outcomes. Research findings tire inconclusilve but suggest that work may have a beneficial effect on mental health, and that certain tvpes of-jobs in combination with family responsibilities may lead to increased risk or actual development of 'cardiovascular disease. However, studies on women lacked specificity on Work environment and onfamily responsibilitieslattitudes. Future research on women should involve (I) longitudinal studies before, during and after cessation of employment, (2) specificity about job environment and family responsibilities, (3) length and continuity of exposure to potentially stressful conditions, and (4) individual perceptions and coping responses.

Master and Servant. Workman's Compensation Act. Employee's Right to Compensation for Disability Arising after Cessation of Employment

Master and Servant. Workman's Compensation Act. Employee's Right to Compensation for Disability Arising after Cessation of Employment