Employees Of Law Enforcement Agencies Research Articles

Working conditions and health status of employees of individual law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation

Introduction. The health of employees of the Russian law enforcement agencies is one of the factors of the success of their professional activities. The activities of law enforcement officers often take place in an extreme situation, due to the suddenness of emergency situations, lack of time to make decisions, a high degree of responsibility for the lives of other people, and the intensity of physical and psycho-emotional overloads. Therefore, at present, the problem of professional health of employees of law enforcement agencies is attracting attention. The study aims to assess the factors of professional activity and health status of employees of individual law enforcement agencies of the Kaliningrad region. Materials and methods. Using the random sampling method, the researchers formed three groups from among employees Using the random sampling method, the researchers formed three groups from among employees of the internal affairs bodies and the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops who are on medical care at the Federal Medical Institution "Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Kaliningrad region." The experts analyzed the registration form No. 025/u (medical card of a patient receiving outpatient medical care) of these groups of employees of individual law enforcement agencies of the Kaliningrad region. Results. Chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and injuries are the dominant pathology of employees of the law enforcement agencies of the Kaliningrad region who are on medical care at the Federal Medical Institution "Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Kaliningrad region." Along with acute respiratory diseases, which most often lead to temporary disability, the above pathology causes a prolonged absence of employees in the relevant units, which makes it difficult to fulfill the assigned service and combat tasks to ensure law and order. Conclusion. Extreme factors of service in the vast majority of cases have a negative impact on the health of persons performing service and combat missions. The dominant pathology of employees is chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue and injuries.

Воспитательная работа как средство предотвращения отклоняющегося поведения сотрудников органов внутренних дел

Introduction. The article is aimed at examining the current situation in the organisation of educational work with the personnel of internal affairs bodies, identifying problematic issues and formulating the main directions for improving the activities to prevent deviant behaviour among employees of law enforcement agencies. Particular attention is paid to the patriotic education of law enforcers, since at present the issues of loyalty and fidelity to the Motherland are of primary importance for the formation of professional qualities. Modernisation of the system of educational work, associated with various factors, including the rapid digital transformation of social relations, will fully ensure the achievement of the objectives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and will play a significant role in preventing possible negative manifestations. Research methods. General scientific methods such as: analysis of scientific literature, analysis of normative legal acts, comparative analysis, generalisation of theory and practice of issues of violation of official discipline and legality by employees were used in the research. The results of the research consist in the fact that the authors, based on the information received while studying the state of educational work, proposed measures to improve the quality and effectiveness of activities aimed at preventing the development of deviant behaviour in the staff of internal affairs bodies.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ КЛИНИКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ В РАМКАХ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИОННЫХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ДЛЯ ЛИЦ ОПАСНЫХ ПРОФЕССИЙ

Annotation. Risky professions are associated with working conditions in which production factors cause a threat to the life of an employee and a high risk of injury. Employees of law enforcement agencies (armed forces, law enforcement agencies, Ministry of Emergency Situations) are included in the list of dangerous professions. Their work is associated with the presence of threats to life and health, psychological and physical overstrain, overwork, suddenness of events with a shortage of time, information overload, etc. Their adaptive mechanisms are often deformed. Among them, one of the most vulnerable is the endocrine system. In order to fully implement all measures for the provision of medical care and rehabilitation of persons performing official tasks in conditions adversely affecting their health, special medical and psychological programs have been developed and are successfully functioning in law enforcement agencies. They include a variety of aspects, among which the leading ones are assessment, consideration of the psychophysiological condition, its pharmacological and non-drug correction by various methods. Modern realities dictate the need for continuous improvement of this system. The proposed model implies the improvement of the laboratory level of endocrinological care in law enforcement agencies within the framework of general medical preventive and rehabilitation measures. It includes several stages (preventive, curative and informational-analytical), which, in turn, are divided into blocks. Each of them serves as an integral part of medical support in the system of rehabilitation measures for persons of dangerous professions, forming a whole multi-level dynamic process. It is emphasized that the organization of comprehensive rehabilitation measures in relation to employees of law enforcement agencies exposed to various occupational risks, in addition to traditional medical and psychological support of activities, should include a mandatory laboratory endocrinological link as an integral part of the general system of departmental medical support.

THE ROLE OF FORENSIC CYTOLOGY IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need for conducting cytological forensic research in the criminal investigations.
 Materials and methods. An investigation of regulatory, legal documents, and scientific publications was conducted using keywords in the international electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. This review, coupled with statistical analysis and generalization, aimed to evaluate forensic cytological studies performed between 2020 and 2023 at the Kyiv City Clinical Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination. Results. The results obtained revealed an upward trend in the number of forensic cytological studies conducted in recent years. Notably, studies of subungual contents, injury tools, and hand washings comprised the majority of the work, accounting for 76% of the total. Changes in the ratio are due to the fact that in recent years, the number of examinations of washings from the hands and washings from the place of the accident has increased. In the reporting year, the number of objects (washes from the penis, bed linen, clothes of suspects, condoms, napkins) for sexual crimes increased. In 2023, the number of sexual crime investigations quadrupled. To preserve crucial evidence, investigators may now directly collect swabs from suspects' genitals within medical institutions. Previously, this procedure could be lengthy, especially if the crime occurred on a weekend, potentially leading to the loss, degradation, or destruction of evidence.
 Conclusion. Employees of law enforcement agencies constantly emphasize the relevance, scientific validity, evidentiality of cytological studies in the investigation of criminal crimes. The increase in the number of forensic cytological studies indicates the need for a cytological department in the structure of the forensic medical service. Conducting cytological forensic research is necessary to increase the informativeness and objectivity of the expert's conclusions in cases of complex study of microtraces of blood, isolated cells, particles of damaged tissues and organs on injury instruments, in the contents of the nail, and other material evidence in the investigation of criminal crimes.

Оценка уровня развития должностных компетенций сотрудников Росгвардии

Introduction. The problem of creating a reliable system for evaluating employees of law enforcement agencies, selecting candidates and forming a personnel reserve is constantly within the sphere of researchers’ interests and involves the development and implementation of effective tools that allow both assessing professional suitability and forecasting the effectiveness of professional activity of employees. In relation to the employees of the non-departmental security units of the Rosguard, official competencies have recently become such a tool.
 The purpose of the study is to develop a technology for assessing the job competencies of employees of the non–departmental security (PSB) of the Rosguard within the context of a competence model. The object of the study were employees of the combatant units of the Rosguard of Russia in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region (271 people), including 72 leaders (platoon and company commanders), 60 police officers and 139 PSB experts.
 Research methods. While developing procedures for assessing job competencies, the assessment center method, P. Ward’s 360-degree assessment method, comparative, correlation, factor, and regression analysis were used. The psychodiagnostic tools of the study involved a set of valid, reliable, complementary methods: expert assessment, standardized interview, short intellectual selection test CAT (V. N. Buzin, E. F. Vanderlik); standardized multifactorial method of personality research SMIL (L. N. Sobchik), self-actualization test SAT (E. Shostrom), the methodology of the motivational structure of personality (V. E. Milman), the methodology for assessing the level of neuroticism and psychopathization (I. B. Lasko, B. I. Tonkonogy).
 Results. The article presents the results of the empirical study of the level of development of job competencies of PSB employees. The authors come to the conclusion that such competencies as «professional motivation» and «compliance with official subordination» influence the effectiveness of the official activity of an ordinary employee, while such competencies as «professional motivation», «special knowledge», communication skills and the ability to use synergy in solving work tasks influence the effectiveness of the official activity of the head of the department.

Разработка математической модели оптимизации и применение методов динамического программирования в задаче управления учебной группой процесса обучения курсантов силовых структур в высших учебных заведениях

This article discusses the problem of developing a mathematical model and applying dynamic programming methods to improve the effectiveness of the training process for students in the interests of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation in subordinate higher educational institutions, which, within the framework of this article, are considered as a complex organizational system. Currently, due to the existential challenges presented to our country, it is necessary to solve more multifaceted professional tasks by employees of law enforcement agencies in their practical activities. All this requires advanced professional training for solving professional tasks by law enforcement officers who study at higher educational institutions. The training of law enforcement officers in higher education institutions, like any complex organizational system, depends on the objective and subjective parameters that affect the functioning of this system. To this end, in order to increase the effectiveness of managerial decision-making in the process of training cadets of law enforcement agencies, heads of higher educational institutions responsible for improving the quality of the educational process should introduce information systems into the activity that operate on the basis of a mathematical apparatus describing the model of preparing students to perform professional duties. The development of mathematical models involves the use of the apparatus of the theory of operations research, as well as the theory of Markov random processes, in particular, the description of functioning based on processes with discrete states and continuous time and using game theory in order to achieve the necessary practical results is considered.

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND STRATEGY TO COUNTER PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT AMONG LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS

The psychological health of law enforcement officers has always been of primary importance. During the performance of official duties, law enforcement officers often face long-term trauma, stress and emotional overload, which can impair their psychological well-being and lead to professional burnout. The purpose of the study is to analyze the psychological well-being and strategies for combating professional burnout of law enforcement officers in order to develop recommendations for improving their mental state and improving the quality of work. The research was conducted by surveying employees of law enforcement agencies during a week (July 2023) using a Google form. The 111 people took part in the survey, including 66.7% of men (74 people) and 33.3% of women (37 people). The article deals with psychological training developed specifically for employees of law enforcement agencies with the aim of ensuring their psychological health and providing self-help tools. This training is aimed at helping employees in solving their psychological needs in the conditions of long-term traumatization and stressful service environment. The effectiveness of training on the psychological well-being of employees of law enforcement agencies is being investigated. According to the results of the survey after the training, more than 80% of the participants noted an improvement in their psychological state and a decrease in the level of stress. Analysis of the results provides important recommendations for supporting law enforcement officers and improving their psychological well-being. Ensuring psychological well-being and combating professional burnout is becoming an urgent task that requires attention and action from both the employees and the management and state bodies to ensure the quality and efficiency of the work of law enforcement agencies. The survey found that workers face significant levels of stress and burnout due to the complexity of their jobs. The need for psychological support and stress management tools is essential. Building psychological well-being includes developing strategies that include self-esteem, psychological support, and other ways to manage stress. Summing up, the conducted survey and training indicate the need to overcome the problem of professional burnout and improve the psychological well-being of law enforcement officers through the development and implementation of special strategies and psychological support programs.

Risk and subjective rationality as decision-making factors in the professional activity of Police Officers

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the lack of development of the problem of forming the decision- making ability at the stage of professional training and the need to improve the modern daily practice of future law enforcement officers to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of decisions made against the background of a constant increase in the volume and complexity of incoming information. The purpose of the study was to determine the conceptual basis for the influence of subjective rationality and risk readiness in the decision- making system in the professional activities of police officers. The paper uses the method of comparative and correlation analysis, and statistical analysis of primary data. According to the results of the study, significant correlations were established between rationality and risk factors in decision-making among police officers in groups with different levels of experience and professionalism. The current study focuses on intra-group variations in risk maximisation and the use of rational traits, particularly vigilance, procrastination, avoidance, and over-vigilance in decision-making. These psychological phenomena are explained by studying the main group of law enforcement officers (n=116), divided by the sample according to the criterion of experience in practice (n=59, n=57). A significant difference and psychological difference in the decision-making process component was found between groups with and without practical work experience in law enforcement. This provides an opportunity for further expansion and development in this area, defining the main approach to creating professional skills, forming the ability to make decisions in law enforcement officers without practical experience, and consolidating the basic skills of law enforcement officers with practical experience. The practical significance of the study lies in the prospect of developing psychocorrective programmes and trainings aimed at various employees of law enforcement agencies, depending on the practical experience gained and the area of activity. The research materials can be used in the process of optimising the educational process in professional institutions

Peculiarities of the mechanism of committing criminal offenses in the field of official activity by employees of law enforcement agencies

Peculiarities of the mechanism of committing criminal offenses in the field of official activity by employees of law enforcement agencies

Criminal and legal protection of servicemen and employees of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine against illegal offenses committed in the line of their service activities

The legal grounds for the criminal and legal protection of servicemen and employees of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine against illegal offences committed in the line of their service duties and the peculiarities of law enforcement activities in this area have been examined in the article. An analysis of the legislation norms on criminal responsibility, national judicial practice and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights regarding the protection of the border guards from illegal offences committed in the line of their official activities has been carried out. Much attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the legal status of servicemen and employees’ personnel of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, who at the same time should be recognized as employees of a law enforcement agency, that should be taken into account when qualifying criminal offenses related to illegal infringements against them. The concept of criminal legal protection of servicemen and employees of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine has been formed. It has been determined that military personnel and employees of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine are special victims of a number of criminal offenses committed in the line of their service activities against the authority of state power bodies, the established military service order, peace, human security and the international legal order. A classification of criminal offenses related to infringements against servicemen and employees of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine has been carried out on the basis of a number of criteria. The norms of the General Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine aimed at increasing the protection of servicemen and employees of law enforcement agencies have been determined. The obligation of the state to ensure proper legal regulation of service activities and a high level of officers’ law enforcement training has been argued.

Improving multimodal passenger transportation technology under the wartime conditions in Ukraine

Abstract. Problem. Ukraine has a rather complex transport network, so the mismatch between the work of carriers when transferring from one mode of transport to another can create a large number of inconveniences for passengers. Issuance of various travel documents, the complexity of processing luggage and its movement between vehicles, a more thorough check of documents and luggage by employees of law enforcement agencies at border crossings and transfer points lead to an increase in travel time. On the other hand, ensuring the demand for some main directions of transportation can only be through the use of several modes of transport, so there is a need to improve the existing logistics technology for multimodal passenger transportation.
 Goal. The goal of this publication is to improve the technology of multimodal passenger transportation under martial law Methodology. Analytical research methods were used to form the relationship between the train delay at the border station and the number of passengers in it. Mathematical modulation methods were used in the formation of a new agreed schedule for the arrival of international passenger trains at the Kyiv-Passenger transport hub. Results. The research has shown that even under the current wartime conditions, it is possible to improve the operation of various types of passenger transport and the consistency of their traffic schedules to better meet the needs and quality of passenger transportation. The authors of the article analyzed the state and causes of delays in passenger trains at the Mostyska-2 border crossing, through which the largest railway passenger flows between Ukraine and the EU countries currently follow. Based on the analysis, the dependence of the train delay time at the border station on the number of passengers in the train was revealed, and in order to reduce the duration of these delays, it was proposed to improve the existing technology for calculating the travel time of a passenger train by introducing and using value F, corresponding to the train delay time at the border station per passenger. Originality. It is suggested to improve the model for organizing the interaction of different types of transport in the transport interchange Kyiv-passenger hub, by introducing a new value φ based on the dependence of the train delay time at the border station on the number of passengers transported in it, taking into account the specifics of the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. Practical value. The introduction and integration of the proposed technology into the existing mathematical models for the formation of a rationally coordinated schedule of multimodal passenger transportation will significantly reduce the waiting time for passengers at transfer points, rationalize the capacity and population of the rolling stock and increase the financial profit for carriers, it can also be used for the development of the system, information technologies and the use of a "single ticket".

The influence of sports orientation and tourism on the recreational component of employees of military structures

In the development of sports orientation and tourism, two trends are clearly visible: the first is the development of mass forms of activities that are purely health-oriented. The second is to improve the training system and increase the skills of highly qualified athletes. The professional skills of these sports are necessary both in wartime and in peacetime. For teachers, military personnel, biologists, geographers, physicists and many other specialists, it can become an applied sport, as it allows you to successfully solve a number of issues. They help to act both individually and in a team. The article discusses the issue of recreational activities, in order to restore the working capacity of employees of the security forces by means of sports orientation and tourism. Which, in their content, solve issues related to the reproduction of physical, intellectual and emotional abilities of employees. Sports orientation and tourism, by their specificity, can solve the issue of the military-applied (character) type of sport. Sports orientation during recreational activities can be carried out by means of any game or entertainment aimed at developing attention, spatial memory using a map and compass, overcoming a certain route on unfamiliar terrain through control points fixed on the map and terrain, the ability to think productively and make decisions against the background of developing fatigue and the development of physical and willpower qualities. Tourism should take place in the bosom of nature and have several directions of work, that is: ordinary hiking or by means of complex routes, running on a flat surface and in the forest, jumping, sports walking, etc. Due to their accessibility in application, these types of recreation are widespread and relevant among the population and can be used by employees of law enforcement agencies. Recreation using sports orientation and tourism differs in that the patient (wounded) directly participates in his recovery using physical exercises. Gradually, according to the instructor's recommendations, physical therapy increases the intensity and load, adapting the patient to a normal life. These funds will be directed to the reorganization of the body of the employees of the power structures, which will ensure the possibility of their active activity under various conditions of the nature and changes of the environment, which is aimed at the reproduction and preservation of professional abilities, will allow to better tolerate climatic adversities and will provide prevention against diseases (injuries), etc.

Main components of physical training and formation of self-defense skills of students’ majority «Law enforcement activities»

The article provides a brief analysis of the main components of physical training and self-defense skills of students majoring in Law Enforcement. Particular attention is focused on the tactics of self-defense and personal safety of future employees of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. The purpose and tasks of the educational discipline “ Physical training and self-defense skills ” are substantiated. The system of physical training and formation of self-defense skills of students majoring in “ Law enforcement ” includes: general physical training (gymnastics, athletics, running, marching throws, etc.) and special physical training (mastering techniques of physical impact and special actions, skills to overcome individual artificial and natural obstacles, special obstacle courses, performing special exercises). The principles of special physical training as a component of the professional training of law enforcement officers, which contributes to the achievement of objective readiness for effective professional actions with minimal risk to one's own life and health, are defined. Defined types, methods of implementation, directions of physical exertion in order to adapt the body to physical exertion. Adaptation of the body to physical exertion is manifested in the improvement of various functions of the body that provide muscle activity and, as a result, in the increase in the level of physical fitness of those who do it. It is noted that during classes, most of the students' physical training tasks are solved by using general impact loads. However, using exercises of partial and local impact, such shifts in the functional state of the body are achieved that are impossible when using loads of general impact. The intensity of performing exercises in classes is characterized by the degree of intensity of activity of various functional systems of the body during its performance. Intensity is closely related to the speed of movement, density in duels and skirmishes, duels.

ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПЕРЕСТРОЙКИ ТИРЕОИДНОЙ СЕКРЕЦИИ У СОТРУДНИКОВ СИЛОВЫХ СТРУКТУР В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ИНТЕНСИВНОСТИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО РИСКА

Dangerous professions are associated with working conditions in which work factors cause a threat to the life of an employee and a high risk of injury. Employees of law enforcement agencies (the armed forces, law enforcement agencies, emergency staffs) are included in the list of dangerous professions. Their work is associated with the presence of a threat to life and health, psychological and physical overstrain, fatigue, suddenness of events with a shortage of time, information overload, etc. Their adaptive mechanisms are often distorted. Among them, one of the most vulnerable is the endocrine system. The aim is to study the hormonal supply of the body with the pituitary – thyroid gland system in persons of dangerous professions (law enforcement officers) at various levels of professional strain. Materials and methods: in different groups of law enforcement officers (combatants, regular policemen, cadets), a study was conducted to identify the features of thyroid hormone status (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were determined). The results of the study: the analysis of the results showed the presence of statistically significant differences in most of the studied indicators between the study groups. In the group of combatants, the average level of TSH and T3 is higher compared to other participants in the study. Thus, the dependence of the secretory function of the pituitary-thyroid link of endocrine regulation on the nature of service and the degree of professional load is statistically proved. It is concluded that the identified features of the thyroid secretory function in law enforcement officers are an adaptive response to various requirements during the performance of professional duties. It is assumed that with prolonged exposure to stress factors, prolonged hormonal stress, dysfunctions of their regulation are possible, leading to disruption of interhormonal interactions, probable disruption of the adaptation process and maintenance of homeostasis in general.

Problematic Issues on the Use of Forensic Analysis During Investigation of Crimes

The article purpose is to consider possibilities of applying the method of forensic analysis in the detection and investigation of crimes, to identify problematic issues and ways of optimizing the specified activity of law enforcement agencies. Particular attention is paid to the directions and possibilities of using forensic analysis for the detection and investigation of crimes. Positive examples of the use of forensic analysis in investigative practice for the purpose of uncovering and investigating crimes are presented, as well as the shortcomings of this method are outlined. The effectiveness of the considered method and its availability are noted. The necessity of using forensic analysis in combination with other analytical methods is substantiated. Problematic issues of the application of the method of forensic analysis are identified, ways of solving them are proposed. The need for proper methodical support for the use of forensic analysis in the investigation of crimes was noted. Attention is focused on the fact that the use of forensic analysis requires awareness of its possibilities, in particular, a certain level of knowledge and skills in applying this method during an investigation, gaining experience in using its results in practice, as well as relevant literature and methodological recommendations and access to them by all employees of law enforcement agencies engaged in the detection and investigation of crimes. The need for a comprehensive solution to the problem of methodological support for the use of forensic analysis by all interested state bodies with the involvement of the necessary scientific potential for conducting relevant research and preparing practical recommendations in order to ensure the proper conditions for effective detection and investigation of crimes is emphasized. Keywords: criminalistics; forensic analysis; investigation of crimes; methodological support; serial murders; sexual maniacs; investigative leads.

Comparative assessment of the prognostic value of mathematical models in determining the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction. Early relevant is the early prediction of the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which allows to prevent the development of the disease and its complications. For the purpose of screening, scales for assessing the risk of its development based on the results of questionnaires are used, but at the moment there are no questionnaires against employees of law enforcement agencies professionally related to psycho-emotional stress.Aim. Assessment of the prognostic value of the original mathematical model of the VERADIV to assess the risk of developing T2D in comparison with the FINDRISC questionnaires and a DIARISK regarding the cohort of military personnel.Materials and methods. 212 subjects from among military personnel under a young and middle -aged contract with a waist of the a avyinary poles and a representative control group from among civilians (60 people) were selected for prospective cohort research. At the first stage of the study, anthropometric psychophysiological indicators were studied, as well as laboratory data aimed at assessing the state of the endocrine function of the pancreas and the degree of insulin resistance. After 3 years, the state of carbohydrate exchange of subjects with the assessment of factors that influenced the development of new cases of prediabetes and T2D was evaluated. Based on the data obtained, an index of the VERADIV was developed, avaluating the likelihood of risk of developing T2D among military personnel. The most important stage in the work was a comparative assessment of the prognostic value of the model of the FINDRISC verasa and the DIARISK, set forth in this article.Results and discussion. The mathematical model of predicting the risk of T2D, from the age, from the HOMA-IR index, allows the points of aggressiveness and volitional self -control in 91.9% of cases, correctly predict the absence of the development of T2D after 3 years, and during the same period the probability of manifestation of T2D – in 91.7% of cases. For cohorts of military personnel, the specificity and sensitivity of the FINDRISC questionnaire amounted to 69.5 and 75%, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of the DIARISK questionnaire amounted to 75%.Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the importance of taking into account insulin resistance and psycho-emotional stress in assessing the risk of developing T2D among military personnel, which confirmed the high prognostic value of the vendiv scale.

Features of professional personality deformation of internal affairs bodies, penitentiary service and bailiffs

Introduction. The professional activity of people who have chosen the path of serving the state, as a rule, carried out in conditions of intense psychological and physical stress, is associated with the risk of the life and health of employees. The extreme nature of everyday life is reflected in the psychological and physiological well-being of employees and explains the fairly widespread occurrence of phenomena that, to varying degrees, hinder the successful performance of professional duties, which have a real impact on negative personality changes, which include the professional personal deformation of an employee. The presented study included employees of law enforcement agencies (Internal Affairs Bodies, Federal Penitentiary Service, Bailiffs Service). Materials and methods. The total sample size was one hundred thirteen males and females. The main purpose of the study was to identify, describe and compare the features of the professional personal deformation types of employees of the Internal Affairs Directorate, the Federal Penitentiary Service, and the Bailiffs Service. The author’s questionnaire was used to study the types of professional deformation, the professional activity characteristics and a subjective assessment of the work effectiveness of law enforcement officers. Results. To describe the personal characteristics and determine the character accentuations of the surveyed, the questionnaire of G. Shmishek and K. Leonhard was used. Regularities and significant differences in the development of professional personal deformation in the studied groups were revealed. The predominant types of professional personal deformation for employees of the Internal Affairs Directorate, the Federal Penitentiary Service and the Bailiffs Service are authoritarianism, super-control and conservatism. At the same time, overcontrol is expressed above the average and has higher values in representatives of Internal Affairs Bodies and Bailiffs Service. Learned helplessness, on the other hand, is more pronounced among Federal Penitentiary Service employees. Limitations. This study included one hundred thirteen law enforcement officers (the Internal Affairs Directorate, the Federal Penitentiary Service, and the Bailiffs Service), which suggests the possibility of expanding the sample size and including representatives of other departmental structures to clarify the patterns obtained about the severity of professional deformation types, their relationship with professional efficiency and their individual-personal markers. Conclusion. The results and conclusions obtained make it possible to expand the possibilities of the methodology of psychological diagnostics of negative changes associated with a person’s professional activity, in particular, the definition of psychological tools that allow determining the severity of professional deformations.

The experience in studying the health status of liquidators to eliminate environmental pollution associated with the production of chemical products

Introduction. Maintaining health and achieving professional longevity is a priority task of medical support for specialists in the power and civil structures of Russia. It is especially important to take into account the impact of several factors of the labour process, as, for example, in the work to eliminate environmental pollution from enterprises producing chemical products, in particular, in the shop of mercury electrolysis. The study aims to explore the health status of employees of law enforcement agencies and civilian personnel involved in the elimination of environmental pollution in the city of Usolye-Sibirskoye, Irkutsk region as a result of economic activities associated with the production of chemical products. Material and methods. The study examined 370 people, whose average age was 28.4±5.5 years, with an average work experience of 6.0±1.05 years. The method of clinical observations was used, the analysis of the results of an in-depth medical examination was carried out in the conditions of the professional center of the clinic of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution VSIMEI. The level and structure of morbidity by the main classes of chronic diseases have been studied. Results. As a result of the analysis of the data of the periodic medical examination, the structural composition of nosological forms of diseases was presented as follows: diseases of the cardiovascular system - 10%, ophthalmological diseases - 5%, endocrinological diseases - 5%, diseases of ENT organs - 10%, practically healthy persons - 70%. The mercury levels were determined at zero values, with the exception of 4 samples, in which the mercury content in the studied urine samples did not exceed the permissible level established by WHO (10 μg / L), the mercury levels in hair samples did not exceed the biologically permissible level (0.0-2,0 μg/g). Conclusion. This study showed the importance of medical examinations using extended examination methods and the need to monitor the health status of liquidators, since the safety of the work carried out also depends on the quality of workers' health.

Інтеграція жінок до силових структур в Україні: соціологічний вимір

The article reveals the main trends in the process of feminization of law enforcement agencies in Ukraine, the sociological study describes the features and contradictions of women’s professional activities in force structures and the state of gender stereotypes and guidelines of men and women in law enforcement agencies. The article aims to identify the socio-psychological consequences of increasing the number of women in force law enforcement agencies and the nature of the relationship between the formed views on the role and place of women in law enforcement agencies and the relationship between women and men in this professional environment. To achieve this goal, a sociological survey was conducted, during which 784 employees of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine were interviewed (46.9 % women; 52.7 % men). The novelty lies in the definition of the main types of sexism in the professional environment of law enforcement agencies, it is also established that in modern conditions of formation of the gender structure of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies, stereotypes and directives based on patriarchal notions are predominant in employees of both genders that determine the recognition of lower and more limited professional abilities of female employees, and in this regard, their auxiliary (contractual) role position in all types of professional activities of law enforcement agencies. At the same time, the tendency of transformation of gender stereotypes and attitudes is revealed, which is determined by the strengthening of egalitarianism and weakening of traditional stereotypes and attitudes of employees of both sexes. It was found that the resource of gender tolerance (when the respondent clearly indicated that gender does not matter) in force structures is in the range of 40-60 %, depending on the question. Respondents (both men and women) showed situational gender flexibility, using both traditionally male (masculine) and female (feminine) models in assessing the professional environment of law enforcement agencies for gender equality. It is determined that women rate their abilities, competence, efficiency in force structures higher than men. Characterization of the processes of feminization in force structures is necessary to make timely and adequate efforts to remove or mitigate the emerging contradictions.

Роль ситуационного, системно-ситуативного, модельного подходов к психологической подготовке сотрудников силовых ведомств к экстремальным ситуациям профессиональной деятельности

The problem of psychological training of employees of law enforcement agencies remains relevant at the present time. The problem of professional training for extreme situations is of particular importance, as the choice of a methodological approach to the implementation of professional and psychological training of law enforcement officers. The most effective is the system-situational approach in combination with the model approach, which are based on the system approach. The authors consider the role of situational, system-situational, model approaches to the psychological training of law enforcement officers in extreme situations of professional activity. In the course of the theoretical analysis and empirical research, the conclusion is formulated about the significance and effectiveness of the system-situational approach, the use of which contributes to the formation of effective psychodiagnostic procedures. In the course of the study, the features of the psychological and managerial potential of employees of law enforcement agencies were identified. In modern conditions, a systematic approach is developing most intensively, which carries out a gradual study of the subject: from the general to the particular, taking into account the significance of the goal, its achievability. The article considers the system-situational approach as one of the most promising, especially in the aspect of empirical research of crisis and anti-crisis situations of operational and service activities. Within the framework of system-situational analysis, professionally significant activity is studied as a dynamic system.