Employ Communication Strategies Research Articles

Communication Strategies & Radio Talk Shows

The majority of the consumers of radio stations’ programming are the youth, most of whom are students in high schools, colleges, and universities. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents agreed that radio talk show presenters have effectively analysed their respective audiences so as to communicate effectively. In view of this, the research article seeks to determine the communication strategies that are employed in presenting radio talk shows, as observed, through listening, by university students in the city of Eldoret. Uses and Gratifications theory guided this study. The study utilized a mixed method research approach that made use of both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. The target population of the study were students from university campuses within Eldoret, and the sample size was 300. The researcher adopted a stratified sampling and simple random sampling technique to arrive at the sample that would best fit or present the intended purpose of the research. Data was collected using a questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion. The collected data was analysed using descriptive statistical techniques that included frequencies, percentages. The study established that effective communication strategies by presenters are crucial in engaging university students. Radio talk show presenters should analyse their audience effectively and employ communication strategies that foster engagement, such as active listening and utilizing multiple modes of communication.

Communication as a Cultural Development Tool for Driving Effective Provincial Constituent Services: A Case Study of Chimbu (Simbu) Province in Papua New Guinea

Utilizing a cross-sectional qualitative design, this study examined how the Chimbu provincial government systems in Papua New Guinea (PNG) employed communication strategies as cultural tools in the delivery of services to constituents in remote rural areas. Participants were asked to reflect on the effectiveness of governmental communication strategies in engaging local communities during the Covid-19 pandemic. Despite weaknesses, the study finds that the PNG government employed a comprehensive communication strategy to control infections in communities. It provided concise messaging to ensure local communities adhered to Covid-19 protocols, such as hand washing, social distancing, masking, and vaccinating while collaborating with other agencies to enhance messaging. The study also demonstrates how both the government and opposition collaborated for public safety during the pandemic.

The Use of Communication Strategies in The Context of English Teaching

In the context of English teaching and learning, teachers can employ communication strategies to facilitate students' comprehension of the study material. The aim of this study is to outline the categories of communication strategies used by an English teacher at SDN 2 Jatiluwih. This investigation takes a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on an English teacher within the SDN 2 Jatiluwih setting. During the observations in the 6th grade English class in SDN 2 Jatiluwih, the teacher not only use simple English but also employed body language. Moreover, the students there were quite unique because they tended to use the Indonesian language. Therefore, the teacher, in this case, it was required to use various communication strategies in teaching. The theoretical framework for this study relies on Dornyei's communication strategies theory. The research outcomes reveal that the teacher employed five distinct communication strategies in the classroom to support student learning, namely stalling or time-gaining strategies (1.724%), literal translation (1.724%), prefabricated patterns (5.17%), non-linguistic signals (12.07%), and code-switching (79.31%).

Communicating through Cyberfeminism: Communication Strategies for the Construction of the International Feminist Strike in Portugal

Despite the considerable attention given to how mainstream media portrays feminism and social movements, there remains a notable research gap regarding the exploration of how these movements themselves engage in internal articulation and employ communication strategies to connect with their publics. To examine communications practices of cyberfeminists within the fourth wave of feminism and the 8M movement (feminist strike), this study analyzes the communication platforms utilized by Rede 8 de Março, which mobilizes the strike in Portugal in three dimensions: (1) institutional and internal communication; (2) content production for online dissemination on digital platforms; and (3) mobilization strategies and action repertoires. Specifically, we focus on the years 2020 and 2021, considering the pandemic context, using a combination of netnography and semi-structured interviews with organizing activists. Our findings indicate a significant rise in Instagram’s platform utilization and exploration, concomitant with the establishment of WhatsApp as a central tool for both organizational and internal communication. These observations enhance our scholarly grasp of the intricate communication dynamics inherent in these organizational contexts and feminist movements, thereby offering significant contributions to our understanding of its operational mechanisms.

Political public relations, leadership, and COVID-19: A comparative assessment of Prime Ministers Ardern and Morrison on Facebook and Twitter

This study develops a definition of political public relations that incorporates concepts from leadership communication and crisis communication. It then applies this theoretical framework to the communication strategies employed by New Zealand's Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and Australia's Prime Minister Scott Morrison during their early responses to the COVID-19 crisis. Qualitative content analysis was used to examine the frequency of various framing strategies shared via Twitter and Facebook, which aimed to persuade apprehensive citizens to comply with unprecedented stay-at-home orders to suppress virus transmission. The findings revealed that both leaders employed communication strategies consistent with models of effective communication during a major crisis but had notable differences in style, tone, and engagement. For instance, Ardern’s greater use of rational strategies, performed authenticity, and empathy in her social media posts enabled her to reach a larger audience than Morrison. Ultimately, this paper argues that political public relations should encompass leadership and leadership communication to better understand how political leaders can manage future crises.

A Case Study of Communication Strategies Used by Thai Business Students in an English Online Job Interview Test

Developing speaking skills for foreign language learners is challenging. Whenever they speak foreign languages, they often encounter communication problems because of their limited grammatical and discourse competence. To overcome the problems, language learners need to employ communication strategies. Previous studies stated that these strategies were valuable for learners in speaking a target language; however, they mainly examined the students’ use of communication strategies in general speaking situations. Thus, the present study aims to explore types and levels of communication strategies used by Thai business students majoring in accounting and to investigate their communication problems during an English online job interview test. The participants were 35 Thai undergraduates. The 35-item self-report communication strategy questionnaire and a semi-structured interview were used to collect the data. The data was analyzed through the IBM SPSS statistical analysis software and the content analysis. The findings indicated that the participants were strategic users. The overall mean of the participants’ communication strategy use was at a high level ( = 3.59). The most frequently used communication strategies were strategies for understanding interlocutor’s messages (UIM) which was at a high level ( = 3.84). The participants selected to use nonverbal language the most such as body language ( = 4.45). The main problems which they experienced during the English online job interview test were unknown vocabulary and listening problems. Furthermore, most participants preferred attending an online interview test to an onsite interview test.

INTERLANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH: EXPLORING ORAL AND WRITTEN COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES

Language learners employ communication strategies (CSs) to avoid communication breakdowns in times of difficulty, and such strategies develop within strategic competence thanks to exposure to a target language. This research is designed as a developmental study aiming to investigate the possible effects of exposure to English as a foreign language on the use of CSs in the interlanguage of Turkish speakers of English. To attain this aim, we chose 20 Turkish learners of English from the beginner level, and they designated the topics they would speak and write about. Their oral and written performances on the topics were tested at the beginning prior to instruction, in the middle, and at the end of the academic year to observe whether CS usage altered over time. The findings revealed that participants resorted to different types of CSs in their speaking and writing tasks. The comparison of CS employment in each test showed that learners’ CS preferences, as well as L1 and L2-based CSs, changed over time in both speaking and writing. Therefore, it is concluded that exposure to the target language may have a significant effect on the preference of CSs. The results of this study are significant as they suggested that CSs in interlanguage evolves from L1-based to L2-based strategies. The findings of this study have important implications for teaching English as a foreign language in reference to the effects of language exposure on the use of CSs in both oral and written performances of L2 learners.

Public relations and public service: police departments on Facebook

ABSTRACT Academic research on police departments’ use of social media has emerged over the past decade, often focusing on large, metropolitan police departments, from what they post, to how they interact with the public, to how they manage a social media presence during times of conflict such as riots. Largely missing from the research is empirical data on how police departments of various sizes employ communication strategies on social media. This research addresses this gap by analysing the use of Facebook by police departments of various sizes, from large cities to medium-sized suburbs and small rural towns in the Northeastern United States. Findings suggest that public relations-focused content is top-of-mind for departments of all sizes, though other content priorities vary, likely based on the size and nature of the community in which they operate. Additionally, the public uses a range of reaction options on posts, although the long-established Like reaction continues to be the most used.

Miscommunication in Using English as a Lingua Franca

English is now widely used as a lingua franca in international communication. Communication is a collaboration of all its participants. Although mutual understanding is commonly assumed during interaction, miscommunication is inevitable. ELF communication, with its interactants from diversified lingua-cultural backgrounds, is assumed to be susceptible to communication breakdowns. To verify this assumption, some empirical studies on ELF miscommunication are reviewed. It is found that miscommunication is infrequent in ELF communication and ELF interactants proactively employ communication strategies to preempt and repair understanding problems to ensure mutual understanding.

COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY HIGHER EDUCATIONAL STUDENTS IN ORAL PRESENTATION OF DAYAK NGAJU LANGUAGE

In an oral presentation of a second language, higher education students commonly face some problems in communication. To overcome these problems, communication strategies are necessary to be employed. In the speaking class of the Dayak Ngaju language course, especially in oral presentation in History of Islamic Civilization Study Program at IAIN Palangka Raya, the students employed communication strategies to overcome the problems in communication. However, most of the students tended to employ certain types of communication strategies in the oral presentation of the Dayak Ngaju language. Furthermore, there were no research reports which had been published regarding the types of communication strategies employed by the students of Dayak Ngaju language as a second language. Thus this study was intended to describe the types of communication strategies employed by the fifth-semester students of History of Islamic Civilization Study Program at IAIN Palangka Raya in oral presentation of Dayak Ngaju language. A descriptive qualitative design was employed in this study. Observation sheets, video recordings, field-notes, and interview guides are the instruments employed in this study. The results of this study showed that the students employed four of five types of communication strategies based on Celce-Murcia’s taxonomy, namely achievement or compensatory strategies, stalling or time-gaining strategies, self-monitoring strategies, and interactional strategies. The most frequent type employed was an achievement or compensatory strategies. Moreover, the most frequent subtype was code-switching.

English as a lingua franca: From classroom to out-of-classroom communication

This case study explores the perceived contributions and impacts of out-of-class ELF-oriented practices on EFL learners’ perspectives for EFL communication. 22 Turkish EFL learners studying at a state university participated to the study and each of them were asked to engage in communication with a large number of international and exchange students from different culture and language contexts on campus. At the onset of the process, Turkish learners were informed about the written and spoken genres of the out-of-class communication (including business meetings, job interviews, academic reports, resumes etc.) incorporated into an oral communication skill course in 14 weeks. Immediately after each ELF communication, that is the out-of-class communication activity completed with the native speakers or non-native speakers of English, they kept their weekly records and wrote self-reflections. The collected data were analyzed by following the steps of coding method (Merriam, 1998). Findings suggest that ELF-oriented practices out-of-class communication raised EFL learners’ awareness and perceptions towards cultural and linguistic diversities. Also, EFL learners appeared to show new insights on intelligibility in communication and willingness to employ communication strategies such as negotiation for meaning, use of non-verbal communication, in order to enhance their intercultural communicative competence.

Best Practices for Conducting Interprofessional Team Rounds to Facilitate Performance of the ICU Liberation (ABCDEF) Bundle.

Daily ICU interprofessional team rounds, which incorporate the ICU Liberation ("A" for Assessment, Prevention, and Manage Pain; "B" for Both Spontaneous Awakening Trials and Spontaneous Breathing Trials; "C" for Choice of Analgesia and Sedation; "D" for Delirium Assess, Prevent, and Manage; "E" for Early Mobility and Exercise; "F" for Family Engagement and Empowerment [ABCDEF]) Bundle, support both the care coordination and regular provider communication necessary for Bundle execution. This article describes evidence-based practices for conducting effective interprofessional team rounds in the ICU to improve Bundle performance. Best practice synthesis. The authors, each extensively involved in the Society of Critical Care Medicine's ICU Liberation Campaign, reviewed the pertinent literature to identify how ICU interprofessional team rounds can be optimized to increase ICU Liberation adherence. Daily ICU interprofessional team rounds that foster ICU Liberation Bundle use support both care coordination and regular provider communication within and between teams. Evidence-based best practices for conducting effective interprofessional team rounds in the ICU include the optimal structure for ICU interprofessional team rounds; the importance of conducting rounds at patients' bedside; essential participants in rounds; the inclusion of ICU patients and their families in rounds-based discussions; and incorporation of the Bundle into the Electronic Health Record. Interprofessional team rounds in the ICU ideally employ communication strategies to foster inclusive and supportive behaviors consistent with interprofessional collaboration in the ICU. Patient care discussions during interprofessional team rounds benefit from being patient-centered and goal-oriented. Documentation of ICU Liberation Bundle elements in the Electronic Health Record may help facilitate team communication and decision-making. Conducting high-quality interprofessional team rounds in the ICU is a key strategy to support ICU Liberation Bundle use.

Evaluation of Extension Agents’ Communication Strategies in Promoting the New Rice for Africa Technology Among Rice Farmers in Ofada, Ogun State, Nigeria

This study focused on evaluating the effectiveness of extension agents’ communication strategies in promoting the New Rice for Africa Technology among farmers in Ofada , Ogun State, Nigeria. Hinged on the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, the study adopted the survey research design using structured questionnaire and focused group discussion sessions to elicit data from extension workers and rice farmers respectively. Findings from the study revealed that extension agents employed communication strategies such as one-to-one, group gatherings, radio jingles, short sms, and video demonstrations among others to promote NERICA among rice farmers in Ofada. It was also gathered that these communication strategies were effective in passing across required information however; the farmers prefer the one-to-one than the group gathering communication strategy which was more often used by the extension workers. This preference was premised on the inherent advantage of interactivity which the adoption of the one-to-one technique could provide. In the light of these findings, it was recommended that, more needed to be done by the extension agents and the government to ensure adoption of NERICA technology. With the right seedlings, good preservation techniques, and other backup supports such as availability of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers, adopting NERICA technology would be easier for farmers. The study recommended use of the one-to-one communication strategy and periodic evaluation of the extension worker’s activities by government. Keywords: Communication; Communication Strategies; Agricultural Extension Agents, NERICA, Rice Farmers DOI : 10.7176/DCS/9-6-06 Publication date :June 30 th 2019

Communication Mobility and Communication Strategies Used in BELF Communication: Self-Report of Thai Human Resources Professionals in a Multinational Corporation

This study attempted to identify and compare the frequency of communication mobility and communication strategies employed by Thai Human Resources professionals in a multinational corporation in Bangkok. To achieve the goals of a small-scale study, a self-report questionnaire was adapted and developed based on the recently introduced ‘communication mobility’ framework of Marina and Smirnova (2013), and the Strategy Use in Speaking Task Inventory ofChuanchaisit and Prapphal (2009). The questionnaire was based on the purposive sampling method and distributed to thirty participants, including Human Resources analysts, supervisors, and advisors. The key findings revealed: (1) Thai professionals often used communication mobility in their workplace, and mostly employed ‘Strategy 4: Individual active strategy’, ‘Strategy 7: Analytical strategy’, and ‘Strategy 2: Schema search strategy’; (2) they also often employed communication strategies in workplace communication; and (3) there was no significant difference in the uses of communication mobility and communication strategies among them, even though they used communication strategies that were ranked slightly higher than communication mobility. New findings have confirmed that communication mobility was another strategy for effective communication, which was used in this particular Human Resources setting almost as often as communication strategies which have been used for decades. They also pointed out the necessity of effective strategies for achieving communication goals in the Business English as a Lingua Franca (BELF) context.

How can communities and organisations improve their health literacy?

Definitions of health literacy have tended to focus on the abilities of patients and communities, rather than on the ability of the health system and its services to respond to patients' different levels of health literacy. However, health literacy is increasingly being recognised as part of a dynamic, two-way relationship, affected by both organisational factors (e.g. tailoring of communication and care to patients' needs) and community factors (e.g. individuals' ability to perceive and seek care). Developing a more comprehensive understanding of health literacy is an important step towards improving health literacy. Most health literacy interventions described in the literature tend to be small and focused on either organisational or community aspects of health literacy rather than addressing both sides. However, some good examples can be found in Local Health Districts and Primary Health Networks in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, of health literacy interventions that are multidimensional and address both organisational and community health literacy. Although progress is being made, gaps in knowledge remain. A deeper understanding of the intersection between health literacy, culture and language is needed, as well as identification of effective communication strategies after patient comprehension has been assessed using strategies such as 'teach-back'. The teach-back method can be used to check patient understanding, but it is not a communication strategy in itself. If teach-back shows that the patient has not understood, clinicians can employ communication strategies such as limiting discussion to two or three points, or using visual aids. If these are not effective, extended family networks and the use of patient navigators may be required. These health literacy interventions address both organisational and community aspects. More work is needed to evaluate such interventions, in particular their impact on health literacy and appropriate and timely access to healthcare.

COMMUNICATION STRATEGY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING (AN ETHNOGRAPHY RESEARCH IN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF AIScho BSD City)

This study aims to examine how communication strategies in English language learninge emloyed by learners in SMP international as an effort to ensure that the messages are conveyed to the listener. Futhermor, this study inverstigates the uses of verbal communication strategy dan nonverbal communication strategy in language learning of international school students. This research conducted a qualitative approach with an ethnography method. The data of 27 learners’ spoken speech were collected from observation by using audio recorder, field notes and unstructured interview. The data analisis were using performance analysis technique, a futher analysis based on actual speeches and linguistic behaviors.The analysis reveals that the learners employ communication strategies in English language learning consists of verbal communication strategy and nonverbal communication strategy. The finding futher shows that the learnes employ both communication strategies in terms of three reasons; the use of communication strategies as a systematic technique to convey certain messages that can assist students in improving their communication in the target language to convey language competence, and strategic competence

Аеронавігаційна англійська: аналіз окремих комунікативних стратегій, що використовуються персоналом-носіями англійської мови під час спілкування з персоналом с 4-м рівнем володіння англійською мовою

Аеронавігаційна англійська відрізняється від загальної англійської, тому вона повинна вивчатись і носіями англійської мови. Автор посилається на особливу роль цієї групи учасників спілкування, яку вони відіграють у аеронавігаційній комунікації. У статті піднімається питання про авіаційну англійську мову з використанням відібраних комунікативних стратегій, які використовуються носіями англійської мови під час усного спілкування з партнерами-неносіями англійської мови з 4-м операційним рівнем володіння за шкалою ІКАО. В статті досліджується придатність таких стратегій на реальних прикладах. З цих позицій стає очевидним, що, в цілях уникнення непорозуміння, всі учасники аеронавігаційного спілкування повинні застосовувати комунікативні стратегії незалежно від їхнього статуса носія-неносія англійської мови

Utilizing Model-Based Communication and Control for Cooperative Automated Vehicle Applications

Connected vehicle applications rely on wireless communication for achieving real-time situational awareness and enabling automated actions or driver warnings. Given the constraints of the communication systems, it is critical to employ communication strategies and approaches that allow robust situational awareness. In this work, we utilize the recently introduced concept of model-based communication and design a new strategy based on small- and large-scale modeling of vehicle movement dynamics. Our approach is to describe the small-scale structure of the remote vehicle movement (e.g., braking, accelerating) by a set of dynamic models (ARX models) and represent the large-scale structure (e.g., free following, turning) by coupling these ARX models together into a Markov chain. The effect of this design is investigated for the case of cooperative adaptive cruise control application. Assuming model-based communication approach is used with the coupled model, a novel stochastic model predictive method is proposed to achieve cruise control goals. We use actual highway driving maneuvers to compare the proposed methodology with the conventional design of cooperative adaptive cruise control.

Linguistic Strategies for Improving Informed Consent in Clinical Trials Among Low Health Literacy Patients.

Background: Improving informed consent to participate in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) is a key challenge in cancer communication. The current study examines strategies for enhancing randomization comprehension among patients with diverse levels of health literacy and identifies cognitive and affective predictors of intentions to participate in cancer RCTs. Methods: Using a post-test-only experimental design, cancer patients (n = 500) were randomly assigned to receive one of three message conditions for explaining randomization (ie, plain language condition, gambling metaphor, benign metaphor) or a control message. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Health literacy was a statistically significant moderator of randomization comprehension (P = .03). Among participants with the lowest levels of health literacy, the benign metaphor resulted in greater comprehension of randomization as compared with plain language (P = .04) and control (P = .004) messages. Among participants with the highest levels of health literacy, the gambling metaphor resulted in greater randomization comprehension as compared with the benign metaphor (P = .04). A serial mediation model showed a statistically significant negative indirect effect of comprehension on behavioral intention through personal relevance of RCTs and anxiety associated with participation in RCTs (P < .001). Conclusions: The effectiveness of metaphors for explaining randomization depends on health literacy, with a benign metaphor being particularly effective for patients at the lower end of the health literacy spectrum. The theoretical model demonstrates the cognitive and affective predictors of behavioral intention to participate in cancer RCTs and offers guidance on how future research should employ communication strategies to improve the informed consent processes.

How participants in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) employ communication strategies: multiple realities in minimal responses in ELF

This study investigates how participants in English as a lingua franca (ELF) situations at lower English proficiency level employ communication strategies in resolving problems in understanding, focusing on both verbal and non-verbal aspects. Two dyads of interlocutors were investigated in a Japanese university context: Japanese university students interacting with international students from Malaysia and with students from Saudi Arabia. Through sequential analysis, we found that a minimal response ‘oh’ made interpretation difficult for the recipient, but collaborative repair would then be employed in order to address these gaps. Furthermore, the participants also attempt to close the understanding gap by employing multimodal resources other than language when they encounter difficulty in expressing themselves verbally. In other words, difficulty in hearing or understanding causes may make the speaker or recipient employ various means to facilitate shared understanding; participants engaged in collaborative co-construction use certain verbal and non-verbal strategies in their own right.