Emotional Incentives Research Articles

Chilling results: how explicit warm glow appeals fail to boost pro-environmental behaviour

Abstract We conducted a large-scale online experiment to examine whether climate change messaging can induce emotions and motivate pro-environmental action. We study how exposure to explicit positive (‘warm glow’) and negative (‘cold prickle’) emotional appeals as well as a traditional social norm communication affects pro-environmental action. We find that a simple call to take action to mitigate climate change is at least as affective as social norm message framing and emotional appeals. Our results highlight the difficulty of designing messaging interventions that effectively harness emotional incentives to promote pro-environmental action. Messages that explicitly emphasise the personal emotional benefits of contributing to environmental causes or the adverse emotional effects of not doing so seem to fall short of motivating pro-environmental effort. Our findings underscore the need for caution when incorporating emotive appeals into policy interventions.

온라인 이용후기 내용분석을 통한 공유숙박 소비가치에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to explore the consumption value of home sharing lodging. A qualitative content analysis of online reviews was conducted. 42 home sharing lodgings with online reviews were selected. As results of content analysis of online reviews, 4 types of consumption value(functional, economic, emotional, and epistemic) were found. First, functional value includes human service, ease of access, facility quality, safety and security. Second, economic value indicates users’ perceived values based on the quality of overall experience for the price they paid. Third, emotional value indicates the emotional incentives generated from the functional values. Fourth, the epistemic value was appeared to be positive due to the characteristics of shared accommodations. Authors were able to identify the practical consumption value of home sharing lodging. Based on the result of this study, authors offered both academic and managerial implications.

Desert Bus: Abusive Game Design, The Martyrdom Effect, and Fan Activism on Twitch.tv

Desert Bus began as vaporware. A decade after it was initially shelved, it was rediscovered and became a way for gamers to show off their insider knowledge of rare and hard-to-find bits of gaming history. A few years later, its reputation for being one of the least fun video games ever made it the centerpiece of a long-running charity event. In this essay, I will conduct a textual analysis of Desert Bus and argue that the uniquely painful gaming experience that the game provides players makes it a perfect vehicle for charity streaming, providing both a sense of gamer authenticity and credibility to the Desert Bus for Hope event and an emotional incentive for viewers to give. This research stands to benefit scholars working on cult media, a field in which work on video games is relatively rare in comparison to work on television and film.

Construct the competency characteristic model and empirical research of basketball professional teachers based on the perspective of "curriculum ideological and political affairs"

Improving the ideological and political ability of basketball teachers is a key topic of China's higher education reform.The potential of ideological and political competence of college basketball teachers requires the establishment of certain evaluation and guidance mechanism to standardize.Relevant basketball professional universities teachers and experts behavior event interview and design questionnaire survey, establish the influence of college basketball teachers competency characteristic index, using spss exploratory factor analysis to confirm the factor, using AMOS software of factor and its correlation between validation analysis, explore the model construction level.The results show that college basketball professional teachers course education ability competence characteristic model by four dimensions, 18 features, respectively are professional skills dimension contains scientific research ability, guide students, coordination, learning and promotion, competition and development of five characteristic indicators, knowledge ability dimension contains the teaching concept, insight, prestige,Organize five characteristic indicators of ideological and political courses of professional education and innovation. Personal charm characteristics include five characteristic indicators of teaching plan formulation, emotional incentive, communication, achievement motivation and emotional control, and three characteristic indicators of professional content courses: ideological and political organization, on-site organization and problem solving.Through exploratory factor analysis and verification factor analysis, the four-dimensional model has a high level of fit and model verification level, which meets the requirements of this research, and also constructs the work performance evaluation system of university basketball teachers to provide an important value basis.

Construct the competency characteristic model and empirical research of basketball professional teachers based on the perspective of "curriculum ideological and political affairs"

Improving the ideological and political ability of basketball teachers is a key topic of China's higher education reform.The potential of ideological and political competence of college basketball teachers requires the establishment of certain evaluation and guidance mechanism to standardize.Relevant basketball professional universities teachers and experts behavior event interview and design questionnaire survey, establish the influence of college basketball teachers competency characteristic index, using spss exploratory factor analysis to confirm the factor, using AMOS software of factor and its correlation between validation analysis, explore the model construction level.The results show that college basketball professional teachers course education ability competence characteristic model by four dimensions, 18 features, respectively are professional skills dimension contains scientific research ability, guide students, coordination, learning and promotion, competition and development of five characteristic indicators, knowledge ability dimension contains the teaching concept, insight, prestige,Organize five characteristic indicators of ideological and political courses of professional education and innovation. Personal charm characteristics include five characteristic indicators of teaching plan formulation, emotional incentive, communication, achievement motivation and emotional control, and three characteristic indicators of professional content courses: ideological and political organization, on-site organization and problem solving.Through exploratory factor analysis and verification factor analysis, the four-dimensional model has a high level of fit and model verification level, which meets the requirements of this research, and also constructs the work performance evaluation system of university basketball teachers to provide an important value basis.

Application of Educational Psychology Based on Improved SPBO Optimization Algorithm in English Learning.

It is an inevitable process of current social development to apply the motivational theory of educational psychology in the field of English teaching. The current method is to start with the introduction of new language teaching projects by teachers, and then use excellent training to make students master the knowledge they have learned. The flaw is that such teaching is simplistic in the present. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an improved SPOB optimization algorithm, aiming to study the application of motivation theory in educational psychology to current English teaching. By using the formula definition for the excellent and poor students in the improved SPBO optimization algorithm and the criterion function in the cluster analysis, the application process of motivational design model in oral English teaching is explored through the application of SPBO algorithm. And through the investigation and analysis of the experimental process of the application of incentive design model in oral English teaching, the results showed that 77.2% of teachers chose interest incentives, 34.8% of teachers chose cooperation-competition incentives, and 32.6% of teachers chose emotional incentives.

On the role of internal stakeholders in place branding

PurposeAlthough place branding (PB) has been researched and practised for several years, the number of studies examining the role of internal stakeholders is still limited. The purpose of this paper is to identify the internal stakeholders associated with PB and particularly, the roles they play in such a process.Design/methodology/approachThrough a systematic literature review in four major global databases, 55 qualified research studies on PB were identified and thoroughly reviewed. Selected studies were examined, analysed and classified according to five categories: bibliographic data, methodologies adopted, conceptual frameworks, empirical foundation and stakeholders’ relevance.FindingsThis study shows no existing consensus over the type/role of internal stakeholders in PB research. The findings indicate different methodologies, conceptual frameworks and branding approaches, as well as various empirical foundations in the reviewed studies. The results highlight the significance of internal stakeholders’ influence over PB and their roles in the process. The findings also underline the need for strategies that prioritise stakeholders’ social interactions, collective experiences and affective engagement to develop an inclusive place brand.Practical implicationsThis study provides an alternative perspective that underlines the development of inclusive PB frameworks by providing stakeholders with motivational and emotional incentives, capturing their creativity and imagination and encouraging them to participate in the process. Such frameworks entail a transdisciplinary approach to PB as a dynamic process that depends on all internal stakeholders’ active engagement.Originality/valueThis review offers an in-depth perspective on relevant internal stakeholders and their roles in PB. The study further scrutinises the three most related research topics on internal stakeholders, including co-creation, internal branding and participatory PB.

Car-sharing intention analysis in Japan by comparing the utility of car ownership for car-owners and non-car owners

Car sharing (CS) service has grown as one of the components of multimodal mobility in urban transport and it is expected to lead to a reduction in personal car ownership, thereby mitigating urban congestion and parking demand. It also provides last-mile mobility to complement public transport. Against this backdrop, a lot of studies have been conducted to make clear the effectiveness of CS services. However, most of the previous studies were surveys aimed at current CS users, and only a few studies have evaluated whether general car owners and non-owners might become members of CS services in the future.In this study, a survey was conducted among 1000 car owners in Japan as to whether CS services would induce them to stop owning a car. At the time of the survey, the respondents’ current annual cost of owning a car was automatically displayed by calculating the amount from previous answers about their attributes. With this questionnaire method, it is presumed that respondents answered with a stronger awareness of the high cost of car ownership, so their responses might have reflected a consideration of the economic benefits of CS services. The results showed that 74% of car owners answered that they would not stop owning a car no matter how inexpensive CS services were and even if there was no risk of vehicle unavailability. The percentage was almost the same in every range of household income, and 40% said the reason was familiarity with and attachment to a car and 54% cited convenience in emergencies. These results suggest that in order to spread CS services for further reducing personal car ownership, emotional incentives are required to compensate for certain disadvantages of CS services, e.g., the lack of excitement derived from car ownership, potential non-availability in emergencies, and so on.A survey was also conducted among 1000 non-car owners in order to analyze and compare the utility of car ownership. The results showed that the perceived utility of car ownership was 2–10 times greater for owners than for non-owners. CS service providers and urban transport policymakers should be aware of this value when designing businesses and policies. Consideration should also be given to the various objectives of CS services such as between aiming to reducing car ownership and aiming to improve urban transport for non-car owners. Further research is required to optimize CS services for efficient urban transport design.

The Firepower of Work Craving: When Self-Control Is Burning under the Rubble of Self-Regulation.

Work craving theory addresses how work-addicted individuals direct great emotion-regulatory efforts to weave their addictive web of working. They crave work for two main emotional incentives: to overcompensate low self-worth and to escape (i.e., reduce) negative affect, which is strategically achieved through neurotic perfectionism and compulsive working. Work-addicted individuals’ strong persistence and self-discipline with respect to work-related activities suggest strong skills in volitional action control. However, their inability to disconnect from work implies low volitional skills. How can work-addicted individuals have poor and strong volitional skills at the same time? To answer this paradox, we elaborated on the relevance of two different volitional modes in work craving: self-regulation (self-maintenance) and self-control (goal maintenance). Four hypotheses were derived from Wojdylo’s work craving theory and Kuhl’s self-regulation theory: (H1) Work craving is associated with a combination of low self-regulation and high self-control. (H2) Work craving is associated with symptoms of psychological distress. (H3) Low self-regulation is associated with psychological distress symptoms. (H4) Work craving mediates the relationships between self-regulation deficits and psychological distress symptoms at high levels of self-control. Additionally, we aimed at supporting the discriminant validity of work craving with respect to work engagement by showing their different volitional underpinnings. Results of the two studies confirmed our hypotheses: whereas work craving was predicted by high self-control and low self-regulation and associated with higher psychological distress, work engagement was predicted by high self-regulation and high self-control and associated with lower symptoms of psychological distress. Furthermore, work styles mediated the relationship between volitional skills and symptoms of psychological distress. Based on these new insights, several suggestions for prevention and therapeutic interventions for work-addicted individuals are proposed.

Some Plain Words on Emotion

This article discusses several problems affecting progress in research on emotion: (1) disagreements over the appropriate referents for an emotion; (2) the modest relations between the brain states provoked by an emotional incentive and the accompanying semantic appraisals or behaviors; and (3) the abstract nature and indifference to origin of the English words used to name emotions. The final section contains some suggestions for future research.

Well-being and affective style: neural substrates and biobehavioural correlates.

One of the most salient features of emotion is the pronounced variability among individuals in their reactions to emotional incentives and in their dispositional mood. Collectively, these individual differences have been described as affective style. Recent research has begun to dissect the constituents of affective style. The search for these components is guided by the neural systems that instantiate emotion and emotion regulation. In this article, this body of research and theory is applied specifically to positive affect and well-being. The central substrates and peripheral biological correlates of well-being are described. A resilient affective style is associated with high levels of left prefrontal activation, effective modulation of activation in the amygdala and fast recovery in response to negative and stressful events. In peripheral biology, these central patterns are associated with lower levels of basal cortisol and with higher levels of antibody titres to influenza vaccine. The article concludes with a consideration of whether these patterns of central and peripheral biology can be modified by training and shifted toward a more salubrious direction.

Adolescent health services and contraceptive use.

A pilot study of a health services program for never-pregnant high-school students, which stresses development of incentives for personal involvement in their own health care, reports a low incidence of unintended pregnancy among girls who requested contraceptives. The social and emotional characteristics of those who continued contraceptive use are compared with the small group who had uninteneded pregnancies.