Emotional Illness Perceptions Research Articles

Illness Perceptions as a Predictor of Symptom Cluster Trajectories in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Latent Growth Mixture Model.

The aims of this study were to (a) identify the trajectory of symptom clusters in patients with inflammatory bowel disease up to 28 weeks after initiation of infliximab therapy and (b) examine the illness perceptions associated with symptom cluster trajectories. This was a prospective study where participants completed the symptom cluster scale at baseline, 14 weeks, and 28 weeks. A latent growth mixture modeling was used to identify trajectories of symptom clusters that were predicted, using baseline covariates (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire). A total of 206 patients were included and identified as three latent classes: moderate symptom cluster-stable decline group (C1), high symptom cluster-rapid decline group (C2), and stable symptom cluster-stable trend group (C3). C1 was predicted by cognitive illness perceptions (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.134 [1.071, 1.200], p < .001). C2 was also predicted by cognitive and emotional illness perceptions (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.169 [1.095, 1.248], p < .001; odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.174 [1.038, 1.328], p = .011). Patients with inflammatory bowel disease, initiating infliximab therapy, had different symptom cluster trajectories. Illness perceptions were associated with symptom cluster classes, which underline the complexity of symptoms. Paying attention to these factors and providing necessary knowledge and psychological supporting care after infliximab therapy would effectively improve patients' symptom burden.

Illness perceptions in long-COVID: A cross-sectional analysis in adults

Symptoms may persist after an acute COVID-19 infection, a phenomenon termed long-COVID. Increasing attention is now directed toward these long-term effects, as many seem to be affected. So far, long-COVID was primarily discussed from a medical perspective, leaving psychological factors on health-related outcomes understudied. Thus, the present study contributes to the current literature by examining Leventhal’s common-sense model of self-regulation, investigating patients’ cognitive and emotional illness perceptions and their association with different health-related outcomes in the context of long-COVID. We examined 246 long-COVID patients (89.0% female, Mage = 45.29 ± 12.12 years), assessing illness perceptions, fatigue, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and quality of life in a cross-sectional survey study. Linear regression analyses were applied to model the unique effects of the illness perception dimension on health-related outcomes. More than half of the sample had elevated levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and fatigue. Illness perception dimensions explained between 28% and 37% of the variance across the analyzed health-related outcomes. More symptoms, higher perceived consequences, and higher emotional representation were related to worse health-related outcomes. In general, long-COVID was poorly understood (i.e., low coherence) and perceived as difficult to control (i.e., personal & treatment control). Health professionals involved in counseling should pay close attention to both cognitive and emotional illness perceptions to address possible ways of coping with long-COVID.

Impact of Health Literacy and Illness Perception on Rehabilitation Adherence among Patients with Stroke

Purpose: This study explored the level of Rehabilitation Adherence (RA) in patients with stroke receiving rehabilitation treatment and identified the impact of health literacy and illness perception on RA.Methods: A total of 163 patients with stroke were recruited during hospitalization for rehabilitation treatment in a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected from August 25, 2018 to October 30, 2018 using self-report structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 26.0 program.Results: The mean score for RA in participants was 3.02±0.49 (range 1~4). Men (t=2.12, p=.035), family caregiver (F=6.59, p=.002), hemorrhagic stroke (t=-2.78, p=.006), shorter period in disease diagnosis (≤12 month) (F=7.49, p=.001) and need of someone’s help for activities of daily living (F=5.20, p=.006) were associated with higher RA. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that health literacy and emotional illness perception explained RA by additional 26%p and 3%p, respectively. Higher health literacy, higher perception about concern and emotional response about disease were effective factors of higher RA in stroke patients. Health literacy was the strongest variable to explain RA among patients with stroke.Conclusion: The study provides insight into how health literacy and emotional illness perception promote RA in stroke patients. It suggests that health literacy and illness perception need to be considered in developing a nursing intervention to increase RA for patients with stroke receiving rehabilitation treatment.

Prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression among patients with oromaxillofacial venous malformations

This study evaluated the levels, prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with oral and maxillofacial venous malformations, along with associated factors. Anxiety and depression, illness perceptions, and social support status of 69 patients with oral and maxillofacial venous malformations were analyzed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Social Support Rating Scale, respectively. Eighty healthy controls were matched to the patients by sex, age, monthly income, education level, marital status, and employment status. Patients exhibited significantly higher levels of anxiety (3.41±3.01 vs. 1.03±1.66; P<0.001) and depression (7.14±2.47 vs. 2.19±2.12; P<0.001) compared to controls. Eleven (15.9%) and 30 (43.5%) patients had clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression respectively, compared to 3.8% and 6.3% of the healthy controls, respectively. Thirty-three patients (47.8%) had clinical symptoms of anxiety and/or depression, compared to 7.5% of the healthy controls. Multivariate analyses identified that facial lesions (odds ratio: 17.79, 95% confidence interval: 1.22-259.66; P=0.035), poor utility of social support (odds ratio: 0.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.31; P=0.006), and poor emotional illness perception (odds ratio: 27.39, 95% confidence interval: 5.01-149.89; P<0.001) were significantly associated with anxiety and depression in patients. Patients with oral and maxillofacial venous malformations displayed significantly increased levels and prevalence of anxiety and depression. These findings suggest the need for a standardized treatment for such patients, including appropriate medical intervention, psychological consultation, and social support.

Psychological stress and its correlates in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements None. Background Psychological stress is associated with high incidence of coronary heart disease and increases the risk of mortality and poor health status. Although a few studies have investigated psychological stress in this population, this problem is usually unrecognized and untreated in most Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome. There is insufficient information regarding the features of psychological stress and associated factors among this population. Purpose This study aimed to assess the level of psychological stress and to identify its correlates in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods Patients aged over 18 years and with acute coronary syndrome were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey in two tertiary public hospitals in China, from June to July 2019. A total of 332 patients completed measures of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, psychological stress (10-item Perceived Stress Scale), and illness perception (Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire). Independent sample t-tests, bivariate correlations, and multivariable linear regression were performed to analyze potential correlates, including age, gender, education level, employment status, income, episode of illness, revascularization procedure, comorbidities, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, and illness perception. Results The average patient age was 62.2 years, 67.5% were male, and 54.2% had less than high school education. The mean score for psychological stress was 21.30 ± 3.99 and 66.9% of patients had high psychological stress (score ≥ 20). Multivariable regression analysis showed that being overweight/obesity versus normal weight (body mass index: ≥ 24 kg/m2 versus &amp;lt; 24 kg/m2) was associated with lower psychological stress (β = -0.134, p = 0.007). Having a high level of fasting blood glucose (≥ 6.1 mmol/L) versus normal fasting blood glucose (&amp;lt; 6.1 mmol/L) was associated with high psychological stress (β = 0.123, p = 0.017). Additionally, negative cognitive illness perception (β = 0.190, p = 0.01), negative emotional illness perception (β = 0.290, p &amp;lt; 0.001), and poor illness understanding (β = 0.118, p = 0.032) were associated with high psychological stress. Conclusions Patients with acute coronary syndrome experience high psychological stress that is significantly correlated with body mass index, fasting blood glucose, and illness perception. Health professionals should recognize this issue and interventions looking to relive psychological stress may benefit from targeting these correlates.

From illness perceptions to illness reality? Perceived consequences and emotional representations relate to handicap in patients with vertigo and dizziness

ObjectiveVertigo and dizziness (VD) are frequent symptoms that can occur due to various structural pathologies or due to functional impairment. Independent of their aetiology, the symptoms are often associated with physical and psychological burden which manifests in severe handicap in more than half of the patients. It is suggested that illness perceptions, the patients' cognitive and emotional concept of their disease, most likely impact the degree of handicap. For patients with VD, however, this relation of illness perceptions and handicap is so far not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the relation of illness perceptions and handicap for patients with VD. MethodsIn a cross-sectional study design, n = 419 patients with VD were examined (53.7% female, age 53.5 ± 15.5 years). Participants underwent neurological and psychiatric examinations as well as a comprehensive assessment using self-report questionnaires. ResultsIllness perceptions, specifically perceived consequences and emotional representations showed a moderate correlation with VD related handicap (r(419) = 0.62, p < .001). Our regression model including symptom severity, psychiatric comorbidity, and aspects of cognitive and emotional illness perceptions accounted for 52% of the variance in VD related handicap. In a moderation analysis, this relation did not differ significantly in patients with functional VD symptoms. ConclusionFindings of the present study provide evidence for the relevance of illness perceptions to handicap in patients with VD symptoms.

Internalized and Anticipated Stigmatization in Patients With Gout.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between stigma perception and demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables.MethodsA sample of 50 patients with gout and prescribed urate‐lowering medication (84% were males, mean serum urate 0.34 mmol/l) completed questionnaires on internalized and anticipated stigma, demographics, clinical gout‐related variables, and psychosocial variables (illness perceptions, illness‐related disability, illness‐related body satisfaction, intentional nonadherence). Serum urate level was obtained from the most recent blood test.ResultsIn this sample, 26% experienced internalized stigma, 26% expected to be stigmatized by friends or family members, and 14% by health care workers. Univariate regression analyses showed that younger age, ethnicity other than New Zealand European, increased severity of gout pain, cognitive and emotional illness perceptions, greater illness‐related disability, and increased intentional nonadherence to urate‐lowering medication were associated with increased internalized and anticipated stigma. Younger age, emotional illness response, and intentional nonadherence were the only variables explaining incremental variance of the experience of anticipated stigma in a multivariate regression model.ConclusionInternalized and anticipated illness‐related stigma was reported by a subgroup of patients with gout. The experience of stigma is associated with younger age, a negative emotional illness response, and intentions to not adhere with a medical treatment.

Factors related to poor asthma control in Latvian asthma patients between 2013 and 2015

Objectives: To investigate whether beliefs about asthma medication, cognitive and emotional factors are related to poor asthma control in a sample of Latvian asthma patients in 2015.Design: Cross-sectional, self-administered survey.Subjects: Three hundred and fifty two asthma patients (mean age 57.5 years) attending outpatient pulmonologist consultations in Riga, Latvia during September 2013 to December 2015. The sample size was calculated to detect a prevalence of poor asthma control of 50% with a margin of error of 5% and a power of 95%.Main outcome measures: The validated Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (brief IPQ) were used. Good asthma control was assessed using the asthma control test (ACT), a validated five-item scale that reliably assesses asthma control over a recall period of four weeks. Logistic regression models were used to predict poor asthma control.Results: Patients who had a good control of asthma medication (OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.61–0.79) or were confident that their asthma medication improves illness (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.74–0.95) had a reduced risk of poor asthma control. The more symptoms (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.44–1.84) the asthma patients perceived or the more their illness affects their life, the higher the probability of poor asthma control (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.31–1.65). Some beliefs of necessity and concerns of asthma medication were also statistically significantly related to poor asthma control.Conclusions: Beliefs of necessity of asthma medication, cognitive and emotional illness perception factors correlate well with poor asthma control in Latvian patients.

Subjective Health Complaints in Individuals with Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: Associations with the Severity of the Skin Condition and Illness Perceptions - A Cross-Sectional Study.

High comorbidity has been reported among persons with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), but the occurrence of subjective health complaints (SHCs) in these patient groups is poorly understood. The study aimed to describe the prevalence of SHCs among individuals with psoriasis and PsA in Norway, and investigate whether the severity of their skin condition and their illness perceptions were associated with the number and severity of health complaints. Participants were recruited through the Psoriasis and Eczema Association of Norway (PEF) (n=942). The participants answered a self-administered questionnaire covering subjective health complaints, the severity of their skin condition, and their illness perceptions measured with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ-R). The prevalence and severity of SHCs were high. Participants with PsA reported more complaints and higher severity of complaints compared with participants with psoriasis. In both groups, the severity of the skin condition was associated with the number and severity of SHCs. Cognitive illness perceptions (consequences) and emotional illness perceptions (emotional affect) were associated with SHCs in participants with psoriasis, whereas only cognitive illness perceptions (consequences and identity) were associated with SHCs in participants with PsA. The high prevalence and severity of SHCs among individuals with psoriasis and PsA were associated with the severity of the skin condition and illness perceptions. Somatic and cognitive sensitizations are proposed as possible mechanisms. The findings suggest that holistic approaches are essential when managing these patient groups in health care institutions and clinical practice.

혈액투석 환자의 우울과 삶의 질에서 질병인식의 통제효과

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of illness perception on depression and quality of life in patients with hemodialysis. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using structural equation modeling. Depression, quality of life and cognitive and emotional illness perceptions were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-10 (CESD-10), Short Form-36 version 2 (SF-36v2), and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) in 272 hemodialysis patients. Results: Prevalence of depression was 76.1%, and higher in female patients on hemodialysis. Cognitive illness perception had effect on depression and quality of life, while emotional illness perception had effect only on depression. Quality of life was explained 69.6% through depression (β=-.74, t=-8.17) and cognitive illness perceptions (β=.21, t=3.06), while depression was explained 40.5% through cognitive (β=-.34, t=-5.99) and emotional(β=.59, t=9.37) illness perceptions. Conclusion: In the inevitable choice of dialysis, illness perception could decrease depression and improve quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

Predictors of emotional illness perception in patients with chronic diseases

Predictors of emotional illness perception in patients with chronic diseases

Illness perceptions within 6months of cancer diagnosis are an independent prospective predictor of health-related quality of life 15months post-diagnosis.

Studies have found that illness perceptions explain significant variance in health outcomes in numerous diseases. However, most of the research is cross-sectional and non-oncological. We examined, for the first time in breast, colorectal and prostate cancer patients, if cognitive and emotional illness perceptions near diagnosis predict future multidimensional health-related quality of life (HRQoL). UK-based patients (N = 334) completed the illness perception questionnaire-revised within 6 months post-diagnosis and the quality of life in adult cancer survivors scale 15 months post-diagnosis. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from medical records. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted. The sociodemographic and clinical factors collectively significantly predicted 8/12 HRQoL domains, although for 5/8 accounted for <10% of the variance. For all 12 HRQoL domains, illness perceptions collectively explained significant substantial additional variance (∆R(2) range: 5.6-27.9%), and a single illness perception questionnaire-revised dimension was the best individual predictor of 9/12 HRQoL domains. The consequences dimension independently predicted 7/12 HRQoL domains; patients who believed their cancer would have a more serious negative impact on their life reported poorer future HRQoL. The emotional representations and identity dimensions also predicted multiple HRQoL domains. Future research should focus on realising the potential of illness perceptions as a modifiable target for and mediating mechanism of interventions to improve patients' HRQoL.

PD9-12 WHAT GENERATES PAIN CATASTROPHIZING IN IC/BPS?

You have accessJournal of UrologyInfections/Inflammation of the Genitourinary Tract: Interstitial Cystitis1 Apr 2014PD9-12 WHAT GENERATES PAIN CATASTROPHIZING IN IC/BPS? Dean A. Tripp, J. Curtis Nickel, Laura Katz, Lesley K. Carr, and Robert Mayer Dean A. TrippDean A. Tripp More articles by this author , J. Curtis NickelJ. Curtis Nickel More articles by this author , Laura KatzLaura Katz More articles by this author , Lesley K. CarrLesley K. Carr More articles by this author , and Robert MayerRobert Mayer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.794AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES IC/BPS is a chronic pelvic pain syndrome associated with pain, urological symptoms and disability, largely unresponsive to medical treatment. Catastrophizing is a well-established predictor of pain and pain-related outcomes in IC/BPS, but the mechanisms and predictors of catastrophizing in IC/BPS remain unknown. Illness perceptions have been identified as important precursors to appraisals and coping mechanisms, and remain unexamined for chronic pelvic pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate illness perceptions as a predictor of patient catastrophizing within a biopsychosocial model. METHODS Female patients with IC/BPS (n=70) were recruited from tertiary care urology clinics and completed questionnaires (demographics, O’Leary Sant, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Brief-Illness Perceptions Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale). Bivariate zero-order correlations were run between variables to assess for multicollinearity. Hierarchical multivariable regression analyses were run in the prediction of pain catastrophizing and its subscales. RESULTS Patients ranged in age from 20-85 years (mean=51.51±17.25), were predominantly Caucasian (94.3%), having at least some university / college education (78.6%), and a mean length of diagnosis of 8.44±9.92 years. In step 1 of the regression, demographics (age, education and length of diagnosis) did not predict catastrophizing. In step 2, pain (β=0.32, p=0.01) and IC problems (β=0.25, p=0.05) were both significant predictors of catastrophizing (F=9.92, p<.001). In step 3, illness perceptions (β=0.49, p<0.001) was the lone predictor of catastrophizing (F=13.10, p<.001), over and above demographics, pain and IC symptoms/problems. In further sub-analyses, emotional illness perceptions (e.g., concern about illness, and emotional impact of illness) mediated the relationship between pain/symptoms and helplessness catastrophizing. CONCLUSIONS Illness perceptions (e.g., emotional) were significant in predicting helplessness catastrophizing in a biopsychosocial model. Understanding the precursors and mechanisms of catastrophizing is important, as recent research has shown that catastrophizing is amenable to change with psychological intervention in chronic pelvic pain (Tripp et al., 2011). Further understanding this relationship can help to improve patient interventions in order to decrease disability and improve IC/BPS quality of life. © 2014FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 191Issue 4SApril 2014Page: e216 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2014MetricsAuthor Information Dean A. Tripp More articles by this author J. Curtis Nickel More articles by this author Laura Katz More articles by this author Lesley K. Carr More articles by this author Robert Mayer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

PWE-110 Acceptance and Adjustment in a District General Cohort of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: Findings and Implications

Introduction‘Acceptance’ refers to the patient’s willingness to engage with their illness. Poor acceptance implies the avoidance or denial of an illness and the accompanying somatic experiences. A lack of acceptance...