Emotional-behavioral Functioning Research Articles

Patterns of intimate partner violence exposure across the first 10 years of life and children's emotional-behavioural outcomes at 10 years

BackgroundChildhood exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with emotional-behavioural problems. However, little is known about children's emotional-behavioural outcomes following exposure to different long-term patterns of IPV. ObjectiveThe current study aimed to investigate the emotional-behavioural functioning of children at 10 years of age following exposure to different patterns of IPV across the first 10 years of life. Participants and settingData for this study was drawn from the Mothers' and Young People's Study- a longitudinal study of 1507 first time mothers and their first born child. MethodsWomen were recruited during pregnancy from six public hospitals in Victoria, Australia. Data was collected during pregnancy, and at one, four and ten years postpartum. Four patterns of IPV exposure were previously identified: (a) minimal IPV exposure; (b) early IPV; (c) Increasing IPV; and (d) persistent IPV. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between IPV exposure and emotional-behavioural outcomes. ResultsExposure to early, increasing, or persistent IPV was associated with increased odds of experiencing emotional-behavioural difficulties (OR 2.15–2.97). Children exposed to a persistent pattern of IPV experienced over 6 times the odds of conduct problems (OR = 6.15 CI = 2.3–16.44). ConclusionsChildren exposed to early, increasing, or persistent IPV experienced increased odds of emotional-behavioural problems at age 10, regardless of the duration or type of violence they were exposed to. However, children exposed to persistent IPV across childhood appeared to experience the highest odds of emotional-behavioural difficulties.

Evaluation of learning disability performance in children with cognitive neuropsychological assessment study

A neuropsychological evaluation provides comprehensive insights into children’s neurocognitive function. This study assessed learning disability performance in children through neuropsychological assessment, examining cognitive profiles and emotionalbehavioural functioning. The data from 271 respondents using self-administered questionnaires, explored mindfulness-based interventions to address cognitive skills, emotional regulation, and academic performance. Employing a quantitative approach with structural equation modelling and SPSS analysis, we found a significant relationship between children’s emotional-personality behavior and learning disabilities. The regression analysis indicated a negative impact on cognitive ability and learning disability, suggesting reduced motivation to learn. This study highlights the importance of neuropsychological assessment in understanding and addressing learning disabilities in children, influencing their socialization and adjustment in educational settings. It underscores the significance of such assessments in enhancing educational outcomes for children facing learning challenges.

Factors associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a clinical sample of youth with misophonia

Misophonia is an often chronic condition characterized by strong, unpleasant emotional reactions when exposed to specific auditory or visual triggers. While not currently defined within existing classification systems, and not clearly fitting within the framework of extant psychiatric conditions, misophonia has historically been studied most frequently within the context of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Internalizing and externalizing psychiatric symptoms are common in misophonia, but specific factors that confer risk for these symptoms remain unknown. The present cross-sectional study examined whether sensory sensitivity and cognitive emotion regulation facets are associated with co-occurring internalizing and externalizing symptoms in 102 youth with misophonia aged 8–17 years (Nfemales = 69). Participants completed self-report assessments of misophonia severity, sensory sensitivity, cognitive emotion regulation, and emotional-behavioral functioning. In the final model, controlling for all variables, multiple linear regression analyses revealed that sensory sensitivity and age were significant predictors of internalizing symptoms, while sensory sensitivity and the other-blame cognitive emotion regulation facet were significant predictors of externalizing symptoms. Further, findings demonstrated that the positive reappraisal cognitive emotion regulation facet moderated the effect of misophonia severity on internalizing symptoms. Results highlight a strong, consistent relation between sensory sensitivities (beyond sound sensitivity) and psychiatric symptoms in misophonic youth. Further research is necessary to determine mechanisms and clinical variables impacting internalizing and externalizing symptoms within youth with misophonia.

Motivations, Behaviors and Expectancies of Sexting: The Role of Defensive Strategies and Social Media Addiction in a Sample of Adolescents.

Adolescents and young adults engage in sexting behaviors. Research has mainly emphasized the relationship between motivations and sexting behaviors, with little attention paid to sexting expectations and the potential role of coping strategies. This study aims to explore the measure of emotional-behavioral functioning with the Youth/Adult Self Report (based on the subject's age), the use of defensive strategies measured with the Response Evaluation Measure (REM-71), social media addiction with the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and all dimensions of sexting: motivations, behavior and expectations measured with the Sexting Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ), Sexting Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) and Sexpectancies Questionnaire (SQ), respectively. N = 209 adolescents and young adults were recruited from high schools and universities in Rome to complete the self-report questionnaires. Results show that males tend to have higher expectations of sexting than females. We also found that expectations play a role in determining sexting behaviors and motivations. Our hypotheses on social media addiction and sexting were confirmed, while the relationship between the defensive strategies and sexting was not significant as expected. Further studies on this topic are desirable in the future.

Perceived impact of epilepsy on sleep: Views of children with epilepsy, parents and school staff

ObjectiveTo gain an understanding of the views of school-aged children with epilepsy, their parents, and school staff regarding the impact of epilepsy on sleep. MethodsAs part of the What I Need in School (WINS) study, school-aged children (n = 18) with ‘active epilepsy’ (taking Anti-Seizure Medications, ASMs, for epilepsy), their parents (n = 68) and school staff (n = 56) were interviewed or completed bespoke questionnaires. Questions focussed on the potential impact of epilepsy on the child’s sleep or tiredness in school and the potential impact of sleep/tiredness on learning and behavior. ResultsFifty-six percent of children believed that epilepsy affects their sleep while 65% of parents believed that their child had more difficulties with sleep than other children of their age. Seventy-eight percent of parents believed that their child’s difficulties were due to epilepsy and 95% believed that their child’s difficulties impacted their learning and behavior. Fifty-four percent of school staff believed that the child with epilepsy they supported was more tired/fatigued than their peers, and 86% of school staff believed that the child’s increased tiredness affected their learning/behavior. Parents of children with intellectual disabilitiy were significantly more likely to indicate that they felt that their child had more sleep difficulties than other children (p = 0.016). Regarding the impact on their sleep, participating children felt that epilepsy contributed to difficulties in falling and staying asleep and daytime tiredness. Their parents reported a range of potential sleep difficulties and potential impacts on the child’s learning and behavior. Parental reported difficulties included daytime tiredness, difficulty falling and staying asleep, and the impact of nocturnal seizures. In terms of impact, parents felt that sleep difficulties impacted negatively cognition and emotional-behavioral functioning. Additionally, parents reported that ASMs and medication for ADHD can contribute to sleep difficulties. School staff felt that many of the children appeared tired/fatigued during the day and this could lead to less engagement with classroom activities, impact attention and processing speed negatively, and contribute to behavioral and emotional difficulties. ConclusionThe majority of children and parents who responded believed that epilepsy affects the child’s sleep. Most parents and school staff also believed that the child’s sleep difficulties/excess tiredness were due to the child’s epilepsy and that the difficulties significantly impacted the child’s learning and behavior. There is a need to better understand the role epilepsy plays in sleep difficulties and associated learning and behavioral impairments. There is also a need to develop interventions to reduce the subsequent impact on child learning and behavior.

The effects of mobile phone use on students’ emotional-behavioural functioning, and academic and social competencies

ABSTRACT This correlational study investigates the relationship between mobile phone use among elementary school students in Iran during the Covid-19 epidemic, and its effect on emotional-behavioural functioning and academic and social competencies. A researcher-devised questionnaire, and the Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL)-parental version, was used to assess parental perception of the effects of mobile phone use. Questionnaires were completed by 500 parents, of which 470 were analysed. Findings showed a perceived relationship between the use of cyberspace (smartphone, tablet, games, and social networks) and anxious/depressed, withdrawn, somatic complaints, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, antisocial behaviour, and aggressive behaviour in children. Findings indicate that children’s cultural context affects their exposure to online dangers, including receiving threatening images and messages, and cyberbullying; the effects in the current study being lower than the international average. It is recommended that there should be focus on promoting students’ media literacy, and parental awareness.

The Role of Emotional Dysregulation, Impulsivity Traits and Aggressive Behaviors in Adolescents Who Sustain Multiple Motor-Vehicle Crashes.

Adolescents tend to experience multiple motor-vehicle crashes (MVCs). Recent literature has thoroughly explored the psychological consequences following an MVC, but prior psychological functioning, the ability to regulate one's emotions and tendencies to impulsivity and aggressive behaviors have been far less explored. This study aims to explore the emotional-behavioral functioning, measured with the Youth Self-Report (YSR); emotional dysregulation, measured with the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS); impulsivity traits, measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11); and the capacity to be mindful, measured with the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), in adolescents that have experienced one or more MVCs in a year. N = 295 adolescents who visited an emergency department for MVCs were divided in two groups based on the number of MVCs they had sustained over the course of a year. The adolescents in Group 1 sustained more than three MVCs, and adolescents in Group 2 sustained only one. Participants were assessed through self-report questionnaires. Adolescents showed difficulties in emotional regulation, impulsivity traits, aggressive behaviors and a low capacity to be mindful. These results may be useful in the creation of intervention and prevention programs focused on emotional awareness targets for adolescents.

The impact of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on theory of mind, emotion regulation and emotional-behavioral functions in children with autism disorder: A randomized, sham-controlled, and parallel-group study.

Advances in our knowledge about the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying core deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have produced several novel treatment modalities. One of these approaches is modulation of activity of the brain regions involved in ASD symptoms. This study examined the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functions in children with ASD. Thirty-two children (Mage =10.16, SD=1.93, range 7-12 years) diagnosed with ASD were randomly assigned to active (N=17) or sham stimulation (N=15) groups in a randomized, sham-controlled, parallel-group design. Participants underwent 10 sessions of active (1.5mA, 15 min, bilateral left anodal/right cathodal DLPFC, 2 sessions per week) or sham tDCS. Autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functioning of the patients were assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 1 month after the intervention. A significant improvement of autism symptom severity (i.e., communication), theory of mind (i.e., ToM 3), and emotion regulation strategies was observed for the active as compared to the sham stimulation group at the end of the intervention, and these effects were maintained at the one-month follow-up. The results suggest that repeated tDCS with anodal stimulation of left and cathodal stimulation of right DLPFC improves autism symptom severity as well as social cognition and emotion regulation in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has suggested that targeting core mechanisms underlying cognitive-emotional and behavioral deficits of autistic children might improve symptoms of ASD. Deficient social and behavioral functioning, impaired theory of mind, and emotional regulation deficits have been identified as core treatment targets for this group. Specific subregions of the prefrontal cortex are involved in these deficits, including hypoactivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Upregulation of this area with non-invasive brain stimulation, namely anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), results in improved social and behavioral functioning in children with ASD. Very few studies have however examined the effects of this intervention on theory of mind, emotional regulation, and emotional-behavioral problems. We examined the effects of anodal tDCS over the left DLPFC (F3), combined with cathodal tDCS over the right DLPFC (F4) on autism symptom severity as well as theory of mind, emotional regulation, and emotional-behavioral problems of children with ASD. This intervention improved autism symptom severity, specific domains of theory of mind, and emotion regulation. These findings have clinical implications for the treatment of ASD and suggest that targeting core mechanisms underlying socio-cognitive-emotional deficits of autistic children using tDCS might improve symptoms of ASD.

The quality of father-child feeding interactions mediates the effect of maternal depression on children's psychopathological symptoms.

Research has shown that Postnatal maternal depression (PND) is associated with children’s emotional and behavioral problems during infancy, but the possible effect of father-child relationship quality on this association is yet to be thoroughly investigated. We recruited 401 families (802 parents; 401 children) via mental health clinics in Central Italy. We divided families into two groups: Group 1 included families with mothers with PND; Group 2 included families with mothers without PND (control group). The assessment took place at T1 (18 months of age of children) and T2 (36 months of age of children): postnatal maternal depression was measured through the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS); parent-child relationship quality was assessed through the Scale for the Assessment of Feeding Interactions (SVIA); and the child emotional–behavioral functioning was evaluated with the Child-Behavior-Checklist (CBCL). Compared to the control group, the children of the groups where mothers had PND, showed overall higher scores (i.e., more maladaptive) on the CBCL. A direct effect of postnatal maternal depression on children’s emotional-behavioral functioning was found, both at T1 and at T2. A mediation effect of father-child relationship quality between postnatal maternal depression and child outcomes was also found. These results could inform prevention and intervention programs in families with mothers with PND.

Psychological Functioning, Defense Strategies and the Contribution of Perceived Family Collaboration in Adolescents Who Experienced Multiple Motor Vehicle Crashes: A Descriptive Study.

Adolescents frequently experience motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). Research has mostly underlined the psychological outcomes, rather than adolescents’ general emotional–behavioral functioning and the role played by family. This study aims to explore the emotional–behavioral functioning, measured with the Youth Self Report (YSR), difficulties to identify and describe emotions, measured with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the use of defense strategies, measured with the Response Evaluation Measure for Youth (REM-71), and perceived family collaboration, measured with the Perceived Collective Family scale, in adolescents that have experienced more than three MVCs in a year. N = 150 adolescents who visited an emergency department for MVCs were assessed through self-report questionnaires. Adolescents showed difficulties to identify and describe their emotions and a massive use of defense strategies. Moreover, lower perceived family collaboration predicted adolescents’ alexithymic traits and the massive use of maladaptive defense strategies. These results may be useful in assessing and creating prevention programs for risky driving behaviors in adolescence.

School-based mindfulness training in early adolescence: what works, for whom and how in the MYRIAD trial?

BackgroundPreventing mental health problems in early adolescence is a priority. School-based mindfulness training (SBMT) is an approach with mixed evidence.ObjectivesTo explore for whom SBMT does/does not work and what influences...

Cognitive, neuropsychological and emotional-behavioural functioning in a sample of children with myotonic dystrophy type 1.

An observational longitudinal study to evaluate the feasibility of assessing cognitive, neuropsychological and emotional-behavioural functioning in children with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), and to estimate prospectively changes in functioning over time. Ten DM1 patients, aged 1.5-16 years (mean 9.1), 5 with congenital DM1, and 5 with childhood DM1, were assessed with standardized measures of intellectual, neuropsychological, and emotional-behavioural functioning. For 6 patients, assessments were repeated 2 years later. At baseline, intellectual disability was found both in the congenital and the childhood group. A clear-cut reduction of the mean and individual developmental/intelligence quotient after 2 years was demonstrated in re-tested patients. As regards to the neuropsychological aspects, the baseline evaluation identified impairments in visuospatial skills and attentional functions, with no clear trend observed after two years. In executive functions, no significant profile was identified even though impairments were detected in a few patients. At the emotional-behavioural assessment, scores in clinical range were found, but they remained heterogeneous and no trends could be recognized. Several aspects of CNS functions in DM1 children deserve better definition and a longitudinal assessment. A comprehensive protocol should include cognitive, neuropsychological, emotional and behavioural assessment but larger longitudinal studies are needed to better evaluate the trajectories over time and inform practice.

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on psychopathological symptoms in mothers and their school-age children before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic peak.

The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on children’s and caregivers’ mental health. We investigated psychopathological symptoms in a group of non-at-risk and a group of at-risk mothers and their school-age children from the pre-pandemic period to the lockdown period and to the post-lockdown period. We used the SCL-90/R to assess mothers’ psychological symptoms, the CBCL 1½–5, and the CBCL 6–18 for the perceived children’s emotional-behavioral functioning. Analysis of variance was conducted to assess significant differences in the groups over the three assessment points. Linear regressions were run to investigate the effect of maternal psychological symptoms on their children’s functioning. In the non-at-risk group, maternal psychopathological symptoms significantly varied during the pandemic. Children’s Aggression scores decreased after the lockdown, while Depression scores significantly increased during lockdown and after. The mothers in the at- risk group presented overall decreasing scores over the three assessment points. Children’s Aggression scores did not increase during lockdown. Depression scores did not show significant changes over the three assessment points. Overall, our results showed that mothers’ psychopathological risk did not influence specific areas of children’s emotional/behavioral functioning, but it had an effect on the general offspring psychological well-being.

Intimate Partner Violence and Child and Adolescent Cognitive Development: A Systematic Review

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health and human rights issue, with millions of children affected worldwide. While several reviews have explored the emotional-behavioural functioning of children exposed to IPV, this review aimed to examine the relationship between children's exposure to IPV and their cognitive development, and to identify associated factors such as aspects of parenting. The databases MEDLINE, PsycInfo, EMBASE, Family and Society Studies Worldwide, CINAHL, and ERIC were searched using key words related to IPV, such as domestic, family, partner, interparental, spousal, marital, violence, abuse, aggression, assault, combined with key words related to cognitive functioning, such as neuropsychological, executive, intelligence, learning, memory, and key words related to children and adolescents. A total of 38 studies met the criteria for review which included reporting an estimate of the relationship between IPV and cognition using direct assessments of cognitive functioning. Approximately 70% of studies found a relationship between IPV and poorer cognitive functioning, with general IQ the most frequently assessed domain of functioning, followed by verbal abilities and academic skills. Most studies assessed skills during early childhood, with fewer studies assessing children during middle childhood and adolescence. Results were consistent across cognitive domains and developmental stages. In terms of factors associated with IPV and cognition, a range of demographic, individual, and family factors were included, with several studies exploring mediating and moderating mechanisms. The findings suggest that IPV in childhood is associated with poorer cognitive skills across a range of domains. Implications for policy, practice and research are discussed.

A person-centered analysis of emotional-behavioral functioning profiles in adolescents: Associations with teacher autonomy support and growth mindset

AbstractAnchored in the socio-ecological framework, the current study examined the association of teacher autonomy support with emotional-behavioral functioning profiles using a person-centered approach and investigated whether growth mindset and adolescents’ gender would moderate this association. To achieve these research objectives, this study involved 1741 adolescents (54.1% girls; Mage = 12.62; SD = 1.50) who were uniformly instructed to fill in a set of self-report questionnaires. Results based on latent profile analysis revealed four emotional-behavioral functioning profiles: primarily externalizing (6.2%), comorbid (32.9%), well-adjusted (53.7%), and high-risk (7.2%). Adolescents with high teacher autonomy support were more likely to be group members of the well-adjusted profile than the remaining three emotional-behavioral functioning profiles. Moreover, interaction analyses demonstrated that girls benefited more when teacher autonomy support and growth mindset were congruently high, whereas boys did not. The current findings suggest that teachers should be equipped with sufficient skills and training to maintain an autonomy-supportive classroom climate. Meanwhile, growth mindset intervention may develop into an integral part of the school’s activities to facilitate adolescents’ optimal emotional-behavioral functions, but distinctly gendered pathways for these activities should be carefully considered.

Psychosocial Difficulties in Preschool-Age Children with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome: An Exploratory Study.

Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a rare overgrowth disease and is not usually associated with intellectual delay. Living with a chronic illness condition such as BWS, however, might affect emotional-behavioral functioning and psychosocial development. To investigate this issue, parents of 30 children with BWS between 1.5 and 6 years old compiled standardized questionnaires assessing the presence of emotional-behavioral and developmental problems. The group mean scores in each scale of behavioral problems fell within the average range. Nevertheless, 23% of the sample presented scores beyond the risk threshold for social withdrawal. As regards psychomotor development, a lower mean score was reliable in the social domain compared to other developmental scales, and in the gross-motor compared to fine-motor functions. Moreover, scores in the at-risk band were reliable in almost half of the children for social development. Notably, older age was overall associated with higher emotional-behavioral and developmental difficulties, while no other socio-demographic or clinical variables accounted for the scores obtained in the questionnaires. These findings ask for a wider consideration by health and educational professionals of the psychosocial functioning of children with BWS, so as to early detect at-risk conditions and eventually promote adequate interventions.

Children’s ADHD and Dysregulation Problems, DAT1 Genotype and Methylation, and their Interplay with Family Environment

BackgroundInternational literature has underlined the complex interplay between genetic and environmental variables in shaping children’s emotional-behavioral functioning.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the dynamic relationship between children’s Dopamine Transporter (DAT1) genotype and methylation, and maternal and paternal affective environment, on children’s Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) problems and dysregulation problems.MethodIn a community sample of 76 families with school-aged children, we assessed children’s DAT1 genotype and methylation, their own ADHD problems and dysregulation profile (CBCL 6–18 DP), and maternal and paternal psychopathological risk, parenting stress, and marital adjustment. Hierarchical regressions were carried out to verify the possible moderation of children’s genotype on the relationship between children’s methylation and psychopathological risk, parental environment and children’s methylation, and parental environment and children’s psychopathological risk.ResultsThe levels of methylation at M1 CpG significantly predicted ADHD problems among children with 10/10 genotype, whereas high levels of methylation at M6 CpG predicted low ADHD problems for children with 9/x genotype. High levels of methylation at M3 CpG were associated with high scores of CBCL DP. DAT1 genotype moderated the relationship between maternal and paternal variables with children’s methylation and psychopathological risk. The scores of maternal and paternal Dyadic Adjustment Scale showed indirect effects on children’s methylation and psychopathological risk in relation to those exerted by risk factors.ConclusionOur study has supported the emerging evidence on the complex nature of children’s emotional-behavioral functioning and the associated risk and protective factors, with important implications for the planning of preventive programs.

Providing therapeutic services to women and children who have experienced intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and learnings

BackgroundIn the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, many therapeutic services for children and their parents who had experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) were required to rapidly transition to telehealth. ObjectiveThe current study aims to explore parents' experiences of participating in a parent-child telehealth intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also aimed at exploring clinicians' experiences of delivering the service, including key strengths and challenges. Participants and settingParticipants were five mothers who took part in Berry Street's Restoring Childhood service during the COVID-19 pandemic in Melbourne, Australia, and 14 Restoring Childhood clinicians, delivering the service across metropolitan and regional sites. MethodsSemi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted, and data were analysed using thematic analysis to determine key themes and sub-themes within the data. ResultsParents identified several strengths and benefits of Restoring Childhood delivered via telehealth including improvements in parenting skills and confidence, parent-child relationships, and children's emotional-behavioural functioning. Both parents and clinicians noted the creativity utilised during the online approach, and the increased accessibly it offered for families. However, challenges to the telehealth approaches were also noted. Clinicians discussed important considerations for telehealth within this context including safety and confidentiality, technology challenges, and challenges working from home. ConclusionsThe current study highlights the promise of telehealth interventions for parents and children who have experienced IPV. It also poses several important considerations for the use of telehealth within this setting and emphasises the need for rigorous evaluations of telehealth services for children exposed to IPV.

Associations Between Clean Intermittent Catheterization, Quality of Life, and Emotional-Behavioral Functioning in Children with CKD

Associations Between Clean Intermittent Catheterization, Quality of Life, and Emotional-Behavioral Functioning in Children with CKD

Neuropsychological outcomes in children and adolescents following anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

ABSTRACT Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (ANMDARE) is a neurologic disorder that is becoming more recognized in children and adolescents. Early studies suggested that patients typically recover well, but more recent data suggests that children may experience persistent cognitive deficits, especially in verbal memory and executive functioning. The aims of this study are to evaluate areas of impairment and to characterize neuropsychological outcomes in pediatric patients with ANMDARE. This was a multi-centered retrospective chart review. We identified 23 pediatric patients who were, on average, 18.5 months from diagnosis. Patients underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, including measures of intellectual functioning, memory, reading, verbal fluency, visuomotor skills, attention, and working memory. Caregiver ratings and information regarding resource utilization were also collected (e.g., formal school services, outpatient rehabilitation, psychological support). Neuropsychological impairment index (NPI) scores were calculated for each patient. Neuropsychological outcomes highlighted variability across individuals. Memory and fine motor dexterity were particularly impacted. Almost 90% of caregivers reported more concerns than average on at least one measure of emotional-behavioral, adaptive, or executive functioning. More than two-thirds of the sample were considered impaired based on NPI scores on performance measures. More than three quarters of the sample received outpatient intervention, most often consisting of school-based services. Our findings provide additional quantitative evidence that pediatric patients recovering from ANMDARE demonstrate ongoing cognitive concerns. While most patients experience remarkable recoveries following appropriate diagnosis and treatment, ongoing monitoring and support is recommended over time for these patients.