Emerging Information Society Research Articles

Human Information Rights in Digital Space: To the 75th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

An important milestone in the development of the institute of human rights is the adoption in 1948 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which for the first time in history comprehensively enshrined the basic human rights and freedoms, taking into account the natural, political and social needs and interests of the person (individual). The adoption of this very document declared the man, his fundamental rights and freedoms to be the main value. The international community sought to cover all possible spheres of public relations (public and private) that are necessary for a person to function normally, consolidating basic rights and freedoms. It is impossible to deny the importance of this international legal act for the «human family» and each individual. At the same time, we may state that this document was adopted three quarters of a century ago and it does not fully reflect reality, does not take into account the dynamics of the development of public relations, in particular, does not define human rights in the emerging information society, in particular the digital space. After all, even the approach to individualization and identification of the person himself is changing, digital profiles of citizens appear, digital passports and other identification documents are issued, moreover, «cybermen» appear — individuals with subcutaneously implanted microchips (capsules) with NFC technologies (Near Field Communication), containing information, in particular, about personal and banking data.

Development of English-to-Igala machine translation system using neural machine translation with attention mechanism

Translation is a matter of absolute necessity in the globally united and yet; linguistically and culturally separated world in which we live. Translation allows individuals who speak different languages to communicate and understand one another. The obvious limitations in human translation in terms of speed, scalability and high cost gave birth to the quest for alternative means of translation which is machine translation. Machine translation involves the use of computers to translate from one natural language (source) to another natural language (target). Machine translation applications can be developed using rule-based, example- based and statistical-based technologies. Machine translation applications have been developed to translate English language text to Igala language text using rule-based and example-based approaches. Recently, Neural Machine Translation (NMT) emerged as a new paradigm that swiftly superseded other methods of machine translation evolved with the development of deep learning. This study is aimed at developing a system that can translate contents rendered in English language to Igala language using the Neural Machine Translation with attention mechanism approach. The Neural Machine Translation model for English-to-Igala translation was built with encoder-decoder architecture with an attention layer. The model was trained with a dataset using English-Igala parallel corpus that contains 50,000 parallel sentences. The dataset was partitioned into training, validation and test set in the ratio of 80/20 percent. The model was implemented using python programming language. After training, validation and testing, the output of the model was tested on a corpus of 276 selected English texts using the Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) method for evaluating Machine Translation system. An accuracy of 71.0% was obtained. The adoption of this model will play crucial role in facilitating everyday interaction, information exchange and active participation in society among Igala people. It will give Igala people access to information in Igala language that will enhance their standard of living as it will enable them to participate in abundant business opportunities available in the online community, and ensure proper integration in the emerging information society.

Database Security using Cryptography

Abstract: There has been an explosion in data since last two decades and this explosion of data is due to high rates of data conversion and better internet services worldwide [21]. All the conventional methods of data handling have been replaced by much more sophisticated means. One of the typical shifts of the emerging information society is that information is becoming a crucial if not the most vital source. Information contrasts profoundly from further resources; for example and it can be imitative without cost, it can be erased without leaving traces. [22] Protecting the new resource information is a major issue in the information economy [20]. One such means is a Database. It makes it easier for data related queries butit can be dangerous if this data is leaked or sent outside the organization. A high price is positioned on confidentiality when information concerning statesecrets, business plans, war strategy, medical recordsand financial transactions needs to be stored or transmitted. Since its inception, the Internet has enable [19]. A cyber crime emerging in recent years data breachis one of the most notorious and disastrous data crimes majorly caused due to unsecure database. To secure these databases we can apply the concepts of AES algorithm. It is an algorithm used in cryptographywhich changes normal text to unreadable or cypher text. Keywords: Cryptography, AES, cypher, digitzation, confidentiality

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CENTERS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

The article discusses the preconditions for the emergence and role of international financial centers (IFCs) as key institutions of the global financial market, which at the end of the 20th century acquired the most important function in the accumulation and circulation of international capital, which is closely connected with the globalization of the world economy. It traces the history of the emergence of IFC and analyzes the main trends in their development in the context of economic globalization, in particular their numerical growth, development and enlargement of regional IFCs, strengthening their influence on the development of the base country and the world economy. On the basis of new global trends and challenges of the 21st century, the analysis covers the prospects of IFCs’ development in the emerging information society and, in particular, the use of new financial technologies (fintech), rapidly spreading throughout the world. The study is based on empirical data provided by the renowned Global Financial Center Index (GFCI), which has been published annually since 2007. The article reveals the changing landscape of IFCs, which is determined primarily by the rapid development of new financial centers in East Asia and other regions of the world. The author concludes that international financial centers are playing an increasingly important role in the world economy and its financial sector. They perform their functions primarily through the management of cash and resource flows, cross-border financial transactions involving investors from different countries, structuring financial flows, providing various financial services, and also have a growing influence both on the management decisions of companies and on the management of national economies. In this role, IFCs are taking on the role of a geoeconomic instrument.

INNOVATIVE MARKETING MANAGEMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC SAFETY

Topicality. One of the most important aspects of innovative marketing management is its focus on the future, which consists in forecasting the possibility of resource extraction, use of new technologies, methods of cleaning, recycling and waste disposal, the ability to meet economic and environmental needs by offering appropriate (or alternative) goods or services . The system of innovative marketing-management of natural resources and conditions, rational use of nature is based entirely on knowledge of consumer demand and its expected changes in the near future, the fuller the product meets the wishes and environmental needs of the buyer, the greater the success of the manufacturer. Such a systematic approach in the development of new information and communication technologies for economic security is relevant. Innovations in marketing management should be considered comprehensively, taking into account environmental factors, as one of the most important components in the future development of the economy, and therefore one of its central links is the study of the market of environmental goods and services, market of environmental needs and environmental demand. environmental safety.Environmental protection, rational use of natural resources, ensuring the environmental safety of human life - an integral condition of economic, environmental and social development of Ukraine. Innovations are the basis for providing an innovative component of marketing management of the economic security of the enterprise, region, state. Sustainable economic development is largely due to the coordinating role of the state in creating conditions for the implementation of innovative marketing management, the accumulation of appropriate funds by enterprises, the use of elements of environmental marketing. That is, without investing real investment in the manufacturing sector, the development and efficiency of innovation processes that determine the economic growth of any country and its economic security is impossible.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine in modern conditions of environmental and economic safety to consider the mechanism of formation of innovative marketing management.Research results. The needs of people in clean natural resources and conditions, in safe goods and services are the basis of strategic state policy - economic and environmental security of society. Of fundamental importance is the focus of production and economic activities on the production of the required environmentally friendly and environmentally safe products that meet environmental quality standards of the product and environmental standards of the environment, withstands production, sales, exchange and consumption. Innovative marketing management promotes the development of basic and applied research, the creation of a special branch of scientific knowledge about the properties and patterns of market dynamics, principles and methods, tools and forms of management of eco-marketing activities in the formation of economic security.Currently, the innovation of marketing management has become universal and has a strong influence on theoretical approaches to environmental management (nature management), of particular importance are studies aimed at stimulating all types of environmental activities and resource conservation. The main direction of economic regulation in terms of economic security is the transformation of the economy - is the soft introduction of certain elements of the economic mechanism without any radical breakage of existing structures to stabilize positions in order to ensure economic security.Conclusion. New technogenic space, organized around new flows of economic and environmental information, transforming production flows, creating a plurality of global industrial networks, including leading eco-innovation environments, on the one hand, contribute to the creation of territorial-spatial and ecoregions, ecometropolises. On the other hand, it leads to the isolation of regions for conducting, for example, organic farming, preservation of traditional forms of nature management, biodiversity. The new global secure economy and the emerging information society have a new spatial form that takes into account marketing management and includes environmental factors in their diversity.It is substantiated that in order to study the theoretical and practical issues of interactions and interactions of technologies, society, space and ecology, the mechanism of innovative marketing management should be applied taking into account the quality of the environment.

Introducing the Information Literacy Model “Empowering 8” in South Asia with special reference to India and Sri Lanka

Information literacy (IL) is the ability to identify, locate, evaluate, organize and effectively create, use and communicate information to address an issue or a problem. It is a basic human right to lifelong learning. Information itself is becoming a transforming strategic resource of the emerging information society. Without information literacy, the information society will not be able to achieve its full potential. Therefore, the concept and practice of information literacy must be promoted from an early age among the school going children. Information literacy is more relevant for the developing nations to enable themselves to bridge the growing info-divide between the developed and the developing nations. In this context, a regional workshop was held at the University of Colombo to create awareness of information skills for learning among the participants from South and Southeast Asian countries.

Социоинформационные аспекты профессиональной подготовки студента технического вуза.

The modern development of the social, informational and professional organization of society has led to a more dense integration of the university into the life of society. The integration of a modern technical university into the socio-cultural space requires that the activities of the university correspond to the development trends of modern culture, the emerging information society, economy, production and technology. The influence of culture, norms and values of society on the student substantiates the socio-humanitarian component of the training of students of a technical university. It also determines the socially acceptable trajectory of its technical projects, methods of their implementation and practical application. The task of an engineer at the present stage of development of the information society is not only the creation of technical mechanisms, devices and systems, but also ensuring their effective functioning in society. Today's reality is such that a modern specialist more and more must be able to independently include in the system of his activities the growing flow of social contacts and information, and not only professional ones, but also not directly related to professional activities. We are talking about the formation of a new quality and image of an engineer, adapted to the rapidly changing social and informational realities of modern society. As a result, a technical university should form an appropriate educational environment, including socio-informational aspects of the student's future professional activity.

Transformation or modernization: what to choose for libraries

The paper presents a vision of the problem of changing modern libraries and defining their mission under the influence of the requirements of the emerging in-formation society. The main provisions of legislative acts in the field of culture, education, and librarianship in recent years allow us to assert that the mission of libraries is humanistic. However, the purpose of libraries is very vague in these documents. This leads to a discussion in the environment of the library community. Increasingly, there is a shift in library activity towards over-activation of cultural and leisure activities or digitalization. College libraries usually focus on the introduction of computer and telecommunication technologies, networking between libraries, the replenishment of electronic resources for information support of science and education, with-out paying due attention to the promotion and education process, which is humanistic in nature and is a part of education.It is emphasized that the radical transformation of libraries' activities proposed by V. K. Stepanov will lead to their disappearance. For further successful development of libraries, it is necessary to modernize, modernize, based on the understanding of the humanistic mission of the library. The list of priority measures that will help to increase the role of libraries in society and implement their humanistic mission is given.

To the comparative analysis of the digitalization process of state administration in Russia and other countries

The article compares the processes of dissemination of modern information and communication technologies in government bodies in Russia and abroad. It is stated that Russia began the transition to «electronic government» later than the developed countries, in which this process was launched within the framework of large-scale and comprehensive programs for reforming public administration in the 1980s and 1990s. However, to date, there is an alignment in the pace and content of digitalization tasks. At a new stage in this process, the concept of «electronic government» under the influence of such newest phenomena of the emerging information society as methods of analysis of «big data», «artificial intelligence», «Internet of things», «blockchain» is being transformed into the category of «digital government». Achievements and prospects of public administration digitalization are considered on the example of countries with the highest ratings — Denmark, Australia, Republic of Korea, Great Britain, USA and Russia.

National identity in an emerging information society: some problematic issues

The objective of the article is to characterize the national identity in an emerging information society. The multidimensionality, internal contradictions, and variability of the phenomenon of national identity led to methodological pluralism, the application of various methods and principles. Thus, during the research, historical and philosophical, dialectical, phenomenological, and systemic approaches, structural and functional methods were used. The article considers the problems related to the development of the information society and the preservation of national identity, including the peculiarities of this process in modern Ukrainian society. The development factors of the information society that influence national and individual consciousness and promote their optimal interaction are defined. In addition, some possible trends in a further globalization of modern society are analyzed, its cultural, economic, national, and political unification, as well as its consequences for Ukraine. By way of conclusion, it is stated that the positive example of several countries gives hope for a favorable relationship between the development of the information society and the preservation of national cultures through the strengthening of national identity and the reactivation of spiritual values.

Principles and priorities of Russian legal policy in the sphere of digital economy

The object of this research is the legal policy of the state, while the subject is the principles and objectives in development of the system of priorities and goals of legal policy in the spheres of digital economy of the modern state. The authors analyze the existing approaches towards formulation of the principles of legal regulation of digital economy in the Russian and foreign research, normative legal acts in force; give assessment to their effectiveness in the new socioeconomic conditions of the emerging information society, rapid growth of information and communication technologies, and their impact upon economic relations. Special attention is given to the new system properties of digital economy, which substantiate the need for reconsideration of the traditional political-legal model of market regulations. The authors conduct comparative analysis on the consequences of implementation of traditional approaches towards legal policy in the context of transformation of Russian socioeconomic system, and place emphasis on the need for paradigm shifts in legal regulation. The scientific novelty of this work consists in development of a special group of legal principles that define legal policy in the sphere of digital economy, formulated according to the specificity of digital economic and closely connected other relations currently being formed within the information society. The system of such principles can lay the foundation for changing the approaches towards regulation of wide variety of public relations that enable the country’s rapid economic progress.

The Blank Slate E-State: Estonian Information Society and the Politics of Novelty in the 1990s

This article looks at how the discourse of an emerging information society in 1990s Estonia both rejected and depended on expertise from the Soviet Period. It traces the influence 1960s-trained cyberneticians and sociologists had on expanding the concept of an information society in the 1990s, to encompass issues such as regional inequality, national culture, and poverty, instead of focusing solely on hardware purchasing and telecomms liberalization. This process was both enabled and occluded through "rupture-talk,” a rhetorical strategy emphasizing the novelty of digital infrastructure development compared to the Soviet past. The article argues that a shared belief in the power of information processing for both empowering and containing civil society enabled ideologically divergent actors to work together. The resulting vision diverged from neoliberal visions of information societies in hitherto unacknowledged ways.

Open Education System in Management Training in the Digital Economy

Purpose of the study. The proposed methodology in the open education system for the formation of level models of managerial competencies of managerial personnel in the digital economy. Materials and methods. Digital transformation is a nationwide task. It becomes effective if its principles and technologies are implemented at all levels of government and depends largely on the competences in this area of the administrative apparatus, both at the federal and regional levels. The open education system is based on large-scale distance learning technologies, at the same time covering a huge contingent of students, and is aimed at student-centered learning and competence-basedapproach. Therefore, it is the most effective methodology for training, on the one hand related to synergetic approaches and models, and on the other, it can become the national basis for the formation of managerial competencies of the administrative apparatus, both federal and regional levels in the field of digital transformation. In recent years, European countries have been actively developing national qualifications systems (NQFs), based on a unified qualifications system (ESC), aimed at streamlining the existing diversity of education and training. Each level has its own set of competencies. For the formation of areas of competence in the digital economy for each level of management, the model “Basics of effective leadership” is proposed, which is actively used in various countries. Competence levels are formed through a large-scale educational process in an open education system, which, in turn, are determined on the basis of knowledge and skills, including personal and professional results. Thus, each level is described in terms of results that can be compared with the qualifications system. Results. It is presented that the necessary elements of a competitive digital transformation and an emerging information society are: A model of digital competence of managerial personnel, covering the considered roles with options related to different areas of activity. The digital environment of management personnel infrastructure and end-to-end digital technologies that support the strategies of the information society and the digital economy, ensuring the implementation of digital competencies. The system of certification of digital competencies, ensuring the competitiveness of the workforce and their controllability in the framework of the digital transformation. The competencies of management personnel in the digital economy with their grouping into functional blocks are considered. The analysis of the qualification levels of managerial competencies in the field of digital transformation, as well as the basic concepts that managerial personnel should have. The principles of the formation of educational modules in the system of open education on the formation of level models of managerial competencies of managerial personnel in the digital economy are proposed. Conclusion. In modern conditions, the issues of improving the management efficiency of state bodies and organizations on the basis of maximum integration of education and the digital economy are of particular importance. Considering the above, it can be stated that the methodology and technologies of open education are extremely valuable tools for improving the quality of management in the economy and the social sphere of the digital transformation of public administration.

Technology in Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action

Abstract Information and communication technologies (ICT) are major forces shaping our current age. ICT affects many areas of human existence and influences the both human wellbeing and human evil. The nonprofit sector is already heavily involved in technology both as a way to pursue its mission and as an influential factor in the evolution of the sector. This article examines how technology affects the sector and how the sector uses technology in its work. The article begins with a discussion of how the emerging information society will change the nonprofit sector. The sector that we know is grounded on our experience in the agrarian and industrial periods in the United States and Europe. We then explore how technology evolved in the sector. This is followed by an examination of technology and nonprofit organizational behavior. Technology changes the organizations that make use of its capacities. Next is a discussion of the types of technology that nonprofit organizations use. The final three sections deal with technology and social change, technology in nonprofit settings, and issues and trends. This article provides the reader with a current appreciation of the scholarly and professional literature on ICT in the nonprofit sector.

Modern technologies of detection and prevention of corruption in emerging information society

With the development of the information society, there has been rapidly growing number of international research on the role of various (information, innovation, intelligent) technologies as a catalyst to fight corruption. As you know, the problems posed by corruption are economic, social and political consequences. In recent years economists and various researchers have shown increasing interest in studying the phenomenon of corruption. Many researchers in the field of studying corruption phenomenon are of theoretical nature, which studied different behaviors without having developed effective methods and technologies to identify and prevent corruption in the various spheres of government. In this regard, there is a need to study the world experience of application of technologies in the prevention of corruption and anti-corruption platform in Ukraine. This will allow to adapt them to positive experience in the implementation of mechanisms to identify and prevent corruption in Ukraine. The authors believe that to obtain a more accurate picture of the corruption situations that provide characteristics and its quantitative description is possible only by means of modelling the corruption phenomenon. In this regard, the analysis of theoretical models of corruption was made: the modelling made by the mathematical notation of the models and conclusions on the effectiveness of their application in management. Using simulation, the authors came to the conclusion that the detection and prevention of corruption should be carried out with the use of technologies and the system approach: from the study of statistics and use of anti-corruption platforms, public registers and databases to logical and probabilistic (LP) risk models of corruption.

Коммуникации в системе государственно-муниципального управления

The article notes that in the context of significant changes related to the post-industrial social development taking place in society, as well as rapidly emerging information society, an urgent issue is the formation of communications. It is shown that the implementation of management functions is associated with the effective organizational communication at all levels. Communication is an important factor in the integration of state and municipal management. It is also noted that coordination activities aimed at the coordination of actions to achieve the goals of state and municipal management system development, provides communications, which promote the connection of all elements of the management system and their interaction through a properly organized information transfer.

An Appraisal of the Nigerian Cybercrime (Prohibition, Prevention Etc) Act, 2015

Today’s world is the e-world. It is powered by e-speed, digital innovation and borderless expanse; we live in the e-age of emerging information society. Information technology has enhanced several aspects of human life and has made virtually everything easier. But it comes with a price, which is the use of the internet for perpetuation of various forms of cyber offences. Several jurisdictions have recognized the use of the internet for criminal activities and have enacted Laws regulating the conduct of persons in the cyberspace. Up until the 5th of May 2015 when the Nigerian National Assembly passed the Cybercrime (Prohibition, Prevention etc) Act 2015, into Law, Nigeria failed to enact any Laws regulating cybercrimes. Therefore, this article attempts a critical analysis of the Provisions of Act, highlights the pitfalls of the Act and possible conflicts with other Acts of the National Assembly.

From Indymedia to Anonymous: rethinking action and identity in digital cultures

The period following the social mobilizations of 2011 has seen a renewed focus on the place of communication in collective action, linked to the increasing importance of digital communications. Framed in terms of personalized ‘connective action’ or the social morphology of networks, these analyses have criticized previously dominant models of ‘collective identity’, arguing that collective action needs to be understood as ‘digital networking’. These influential approaches have been significantly constructed as a response to models of communication and action evident in the rise of Independent Media Centres in the period following 1999. After considering the rise of the ‘digital networking’ paradigm linked to analyses of Indymedia, this article considers the emergence of the internet-based collaboration known as Anonymous, focusing on its origins on the 4chan manga site and its 2008 campaign against Scientology, and also considers the ‘I am the 99%’ microblog that emerged as part of the Occupy movement. The emergence of Anonymous highlights dimensions of digital culture such as the ephemeral, the importance of memes, an ethic of lulz, the mask and the grotesque. These forms of communication are discussed in the light of dominant attempts to shape digital space in terms of radical transparency, the knowable and the calculable. It is argued that these contrasting approaches may amount to opposing social models of an emerging information society, and that the analysis of contemporary conflicts and mobilizations needs to be alert to novel forms of communicative practice at work in digital cultures today.

The Dynamics of Spectrum Management: Legacy, Technology, and Economics

The Dynamics of Spectrum Management: Legacy, Technology, and Economics

Global Educational Opportunities in the Emerging Information Society

Global Educational Opportunities in the Emerging Information Society