Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy Research Articles

Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Non-Trauma Center Case Series.

(1) Background: Emergency pancreatoduodenectomy (EPD) is a rare procedure, especially in non-trauma centers. Pancreatoduodenectomy is a challenging intervention, that has even higher risks in emergency settings. However, EPD can be a life-saving procedure in selected cases. (2) Methods: Our study is a single-center prospective consecutive case series, on patients that underwent emergency pancreatoduodenectomies in our surgical department between January 2014 to May 2021. (3) Results: In the 7-year period, 4 cases were operated in emergency settings, out of the 615 patients who underwent PD (0.65%). All patients were male, with ages between 44 and 65. Uncontrollable bleeding was the indication for surgery in 3 cases, while a complex postoperative complication was the reason for surgery in one other case. In three cases, a classical Whipple procedure was performed, and only one case had a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. The in-hospital mortality rate was 25% and the morbidity rate was 50%; the two patients that registered complications also needed reinterventions. The patients who were discharged had a good long-term survival. (4) Conclusion: EPD is a challenging procedure, rare encountered in non-traumatic cases, that can be a life-saving intervention in well-selected cases, offering good long-term survival.

Emergency pancreatoduodenectomy with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas head, complicated by acute perforation of ulcer of the duodenum

Emergency pancreatoduodenectomy with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas head, complicated by acute perforation of ulcer of the duodenum

A Case of Duodenal Necrosis with Survival after Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy Followed by Two-Stage Reconstruction

A Case of Duodenal Necrosis with Survival after Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy Followed by Two-Stage Reconstruction

Emergency pancreatoduodenectomy for gastrinoma with severe hemorrhage – a case report

Gastrinomas are the most common functional pancreatic endocrine tumors, presenting in 75-98% with duodenal ulcers and their complications due to gastric acid hypersecretion. A 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with recurring severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and no significant comorbidity. Emergency gastroscopy was performed, showing prominent gastric body folds, deep ulcers in the duodenum and oozing hemorrhage Forrest Ib. Hypergastrinemia (556 ng/L) was found during PPI therapy. The CT scan didn't detect any active bleeding or a primary tumor, showing a thickened wall of duodenum, suspicious lymph nodes and a high-grade stenosis of the coeliac trunk. The applied primary therapy was repeated endoscopic hemostasis. Considering the recurring hemorrhage episodes a stenting of the coeliac trunk was performed to ensure the vascularization of the liver in case of surgery. Due to sudden-onset massive hemorrhage a surgical approach, followed by a coil embolization of the gastroduodenal artery were performed. A lymph node biopsy taken during the operation showed a neuroendocrine tumor, which confirmed the diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison-Syndrome. Because of a repeated event of rapidly escalating hemorrhage, an emergency Whipple procedure was performed to remove the gastrinoma trinagle. After surgical intervention hemostasis was achieved, but the patient suffered severe postoperative complications. The histological result showed a gastrinoma in the duodenum pT1 pN1 (2/15 LK) G2 R0. Radical surgery is an important part of the therapeutic approach to gastrinomas. An emergency Whipple procedure may be required for reccurent gastrointestinal bleeding. In this situation a stenosis of the coeliac trunk is an additional challenge.

Hemorrhagic Postbulbar Duodenal Ulcer Successfully Treated with an Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy: Report of a Case

Hemorrhagic Postbulbar Duodenal Ulcer Successfully Treated with an Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy: Report of a Case

Emergency Backwards Whipple for Bleeding: Formidable and Definitive Surgery.

Introduction During the past decades, the safety of pancreatoduodenectomy has improved, with low mortality and reduced morbidity, particularly in centers with extensive experience. Emergency pancreatoduodenectomy is an uncommon event, for treatment of pancreaticoduodenal trauma, bleeding, or perforation. We herein present a single center experience concerning nontrauma emergency pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreaticoduodenal bleeding. Methods From January 2007 to December 2015, from a population of 134 PD (70 males and 64 females, mean age 62.2, range 34–82), 5 patients (3.7%; 2 males and 3 females, mean age 64, range 57–70) underwent one-stage emergency pancreatoduodenectomy for uncontrollable nontrauma pancreaticoduodenal bleeding in our tertiary center. Results All the 5 patients underwent a backwards Whipple with a morbidity of 60% and a mortality of 20% (1/5). The other 4 patients were recovered and discharged with a median postoperative length of stay of 17 days (range 14–23). Conclusion Emergency pancreatoduodenectomy is a definitive life-saving procedure allowing for a rapid control of bleeding when other less invasive approaches (transcatheter arterial embolization or interventional endoscopy) are exhausted, unavailable, or unsafe. It should be particularly considered in neoplastic disease and tailored by surgeons with a high level of experience in pancreatic surgery.

Peptic ulcers accompanied with gastrointestinal bleeding, pylorus obstruction and cholangitis secondary to choledochoduodenal fistula: A case report.

Peptic ulcers are an extremely common condition, usually occurring in the stomach and proximal duodenum. However, cases of peptic ulcers accompanied with multiple complications are extremely rare and hard to treat. The present case reinforces the requirement for the early recognition and correct treatment of peptic ulcers accompanied with multiple complications. A 67-year-old man presented with recurrent abdominal pain, fever and melena. The laboratory results showed anemia (hemoglobin 62 g/l) and hypoproteinemia (23 g/l). Abdominal imaging examinations revealed stones in the gallbladder and right liver, with air in the dilated intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography failed due to a deformed pylorus. The patient was finally diagnosed with peptic ulcers accompanied with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, pylorus obstruction and cholangitis secondary to a choledochoduodenal fistula during an emergency pancreatoduodenectomy, which was performed due to a massive hemorrhage of the GI tract. The patient recovered well after the surgery.

Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy with Preservation of Gastroduodenal Artery for Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to Duodenal Metastasis by Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Patient with Celiac Artery Stenosis.

Duodenal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma is rare, and even rarer is a massive gastrointestinal bleeding from such tumours. Coeliac occlusive disease, although rarely symptomatic, can lead to ischaemic changes with anastomotic dehiscence and leaks when a patient undergoes pancreatoduodenectomy. A 41-year-old man with known metastasis to the adrenal glands and the second part of the duodenum close to the ampulla of Vater from clear cell renal cell carcinoma was admitted to our department due to massive gastrointestinal bleeding from the duodenal metastasis. Endoscopic control of the bleed was not possible, while the bleeding vessel embolization was able to control the haemorrhage only temporarily. An angiography during the embolization demonstrated the presence of stenosis of the coeliac artery and also hypertrophic inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries supplying the proper hepatic artery via the gastroduodenal artery (GDA). The patient underwent emergency pancreatoduodenectomy with preservation of the gastroduodenal artery. The patient had an uneventful recovery and did not experience further bleeding. Also the blood flow to the liver was compromised as shown by the normal liver function tests (LFTs) postoperatively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a preservation of the GDA during an emergency pancreatoduodenectomy.

Emergency Kausch-Whipple Procedure

Pancreaticoduodenectomy is a demanding procedure even in selected patients but becomes formidable when performed in cases of emergency. This study analyzed our experience with urgent pancreatoduodenectomies; special emphases were put on the evaluation of diagnostic means and the validation of existing indications for performance of this procedure. Three hundred one patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy between 1989 and 2008 were identified from a pancreatic resection database and reviewed for emergency indications. Six patients (2%) underwent emergency pancreatoduodenectomy. Indications included endoscopy-related perforation, postoperative complications, and uncontrollable intraduodenal tumor bleeding. Length of stay and occurrence of nonsurgical complications were increased in emergency compared with elective pancreatoduodenectomies. Although increased, no significant differences were found regarding mortality and surgery-related complications. Indications for emergency pancreatoduodenectomies were based on clinical decisions rather than on radiologic diagnostics. Urgent pancreatic head resections may be considered as an option in selected patients if handling of local complications by interventional measures or limited surgery seems unsafe.

Hemorragia por ruptura de pseudoaneurisma pancreático.: Caso clínico

We report a 52 year old man with a pancreatic pseudocyst, that was admitted with severe abdominal pain, severe vomiting, fever and malaise. The clinical picture was considered secondary to a pseudocyst infection and the patient was operated, draining the infected cyst performing a necrosis surgery and pancreatojejunostomy. Forty eight hours after the operation, an ostomy bleeding was detected. A upper mesenteric artery angiography showed two pseudoaneurysms in the gastroduodenal artery, that were embolized. Bleeding stopped initially, but seven days later, it reappeared. The patient was subjected to an emergency pancreatoduodenectomy. Postoperative evolution was uneventful and the patient was discharged two weeks later. Spontaneous bleeding of pseudoaneurysms secondary to chronic pancreatitis is a complication with a 15 to 40% mortality that must be bore in mind.

Management of true aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal arteries.

To review the authors' recent experience and that of the literature since 1973 and to provide management guidelines for true aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal arteries (PDA). True aneurysms of the PDA are rare, with a total of only 52 cases reported since 1973. Six patients were admitted to the authors' institution between 1985 and 1995 for rupture of a true aneurysm of the PDA. They were analyzed with regard to the mode of presentation, preoperative workup, management, and outcome. All patients had severe epigastric pain from retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Computed tomography scanning and angiography were performed in all cases. Aneurysms ranged from 0.7 to 1.2 cm (median 0.9 cm). The celiac axis was stenotic or occluded in five cases. Three patients underwent emergency pancreatoduodenectomy. Two of them survived. In one case, section of the median arcuate ligament was associated with the procedure, and the patient died from an aortic dissection. Embolization was performed in the last three patients. The procedure was definitive in two cases. In one, hemorrhage recurred 8 days later and required surgical ligation of the bleeding artery. The authors recommend rapid treatment of all true aneurysms of the PDA. Because most of these aneurysms result from a stenosis of the celiac axis, selective embolization may help to preserve patency of the PDA and should, therefore, be the primary therapeutic choice in ruptured aneurysms. Close follow-up is mandatory because of possible recurrent bleeding. Appropriate and expeditious management of true PDA aneurysms should help reduce the mortality rate.