Emergence Of ST131 Research Articles

Emergence of Escherichia coli ST131 Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Western Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131 is considered a high-risk pandemic clone and frequently extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing clone that is strongly associated with the global dissemination of CTX-M-15 type. The emergence of ST131 has become a public health threat because this clonal group typically exhibits multiple virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the literature published on the estimation of the prevalence of clone ST131 among E. coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in western Asia. A systematic search was carried out to identify eligible articles in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar electronic databases from January 2010 to December 2018. Next, 13 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and analysis by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. The included studies were conducted in Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen. In all studies, the pooled prevalence of ST131 was 24.6% (95% CI: 13.5%-40.4%) in wild type isolates, 42.7% (95% CI: 32.5%-53.5%) among ESBLs-producing isolates, and 64.8% (95% CI: 36%-85.5%) among multiple-drug resistant (MDR) isolates. Moreover, the prevalence of ST131 isolates carrying CTX-M-15 type was 68% (95% CI: 48.4%-82.8%). Our study indicated the high prevalence of broadly disseminated ST131 clone among MDR and ESBLs isolates in western Asia. Moreover, O25b was the predominant ST131 clone type, which was mostly associated with CTX-M-15 type.

Occurrence of extended spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC genes among multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and emergence of ST131 from poultry meat in Thailand

This study investigated the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli using extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase as exemplars of multidrug-resistant phenotypes in poultry meat samples taken from open-air and supermarkets in Phitsanulok province, Northern Thailand. Two hundred and fifty poultry meat samples from open-air (n = 147) and supermarkets (n = 103) were analyzed. In total, 143 cefotaxime-resistant E. coli isolates comprising 78 isolates (53.1%) from open-air markets and 65 isolates (63.1%) from supermarkets were obtained. No significant difference could be observed in the prevalence of ESBL-positive E. coli between samples taken from open-air (70.5%) and supermarkets (69.2%). ESBL genotypes comprised of blaCTX-M-group 1 (69%), blaCTX-M-group 9 (13%), blaTEM-116 (1%), blaSHV-2a (1%) and blaSHV-12 (1%) were detected. 39.5% of the ESBL-negative E. coli possessed blaCMY-2. The blaCTX-M-group 1, blaCTX-M-group 9 and blaCMY-2 were successfully transferred into E. coli by conjugation at high frequencies. Repetitive palindromic-PCR of some blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2-positive E. coli isolates revealed identical DNA patterns suggesting clonal spread. Phylogenetic grouping and MLST analysis revealed that 3 isolates were E. coli ST131. Of these, 2 isolates were ESBL-negative and carried blaCMY-2. The other isolate was ESBL-positive and carried blaTEM-116. This is the first study to demonstrate ESBL and AmpC genotypes in E. coli and the first discovery of human pathogen ST131 from Thai poultry meat. Our data raises serious concerns for food safety and biosecurity in the Thai food industry.

Occurrence of Extended-Spectrum and AmpC-Type β-Lactamase Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated from Water Environments in Northern Thailand.

Sixty-eight cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli isolates were recovered from different water environments in Northern Thailand. Isolates were mostly resistant to ceftazidime and aztreonam (>90%). The most common extended-spectrum β-lactamase-encoding gene was blaCTX-M-group 1 (75%) followed by blaCTX-M-group 9 (13.2%). The co-existence of blaCTX-M and AmpC-type β-lactamase genes was detected in 4 isolates (5.9%). Two E. coli isolates carrying blaCTX-M from canal and river water samples belonged to the phylogenetic group B2-ST131, which is known to be pathogenic. This is the first study on blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2-carrying E. coli and the emergence of ST131 from water environments in Thailand.