Emergence Of Cognitive Science Research Articles

The Place of Development in the History of Psychology and Cognitive Science.

In this article, I analyze how the relationship of developmental psychology with general psychology and cognitive science has unfolded. This historical analysis will provide a background for a critical examination of the present state of the art. I shall argue that the study of human mind is inherently connected with the study of its development. From the beginning of psychology as a discipline, general psychology and developmental psychology have followed parallel and relatively separated paths. This separation between adult and child studies has also persisted with the emergence of cognitive science. The reason is due essentially to methodological problems that have involved not only research methods but also the very object of inquiry. At present, things have evolved in many ways. Psychology and cognitive science have enlarged their scope to include change process and the interaction between mind and environment. On the other hand, the possibility of using experimental methods to study infancy has allowed us to realize the complexity of young humans. These facts have paved the way for new possibilities of convergence, which are eliciting interesting results, despite a number of ongoing problems related to methods.

Neuropsychology of Learning Disabilities: The Past and the Future.

Over the past 50 years, research on children and adults with learning disabilities has seen significant advances. Neuropsychological research historically focused on the administration of tests sensitive to brain dysfunction to identify putative neural mechanisms underlying learning disabilities that would serve as the basis for treatment. Led by research on classifying and identifying learning disabilities, four pivotal changes in research paradigms have produced a contemporary scientific, interdisciplinary, and international understanding of these disabilities. These changes are (1) the emergence of cognitive science, (2) the development of quantitative and molecular genetics, (3) the advent of noninvasive structural and functional neuroimaging, and (4) experimental trials of interventions focused on improving academic skills and addressing comorbid conditions. Implications for practice indicate a need to move neuropsychological assessment away from a primary focus on systematic, comprehensive assessment of cognitive skills toward more targeted performance-based assessments of academic achievement, comorbid conditions, and intervention response that lead directly to evidence-based treatment plans. Future research will continue to cross disciplinary boundaries to address questions regarding the interaction of neurobiological and contextual variables, the importance of individual differences in treatment response, and an expanded research base on (a) the most severe cases, (b) older people with LDs, and (c) domains of math problem solving, reading comprehension, and written expression. (JINS, 2017, 23, 930-940).

Big data and the future of knowledge production in marketing research: Ethics, digital traces, and abductive reasoning

If Big Data has been widely discussed, only a few marketing researchers have actually paid attention to it. However the development of Big Data, even in the abstract, provides researchers with the opportunity to rethink our approach to gathering and applying knowledge. Many countries, companies and universities are investing millions of dollars in the development of Big Data. Some believe this era of data driven computational social science has the same potential as the emergence of cognitive science in the 1960s and should not be left to private companies or government agencies. Given the entrance of Big Data techniques to companies and the university setting, it is our role, as consumer researchers, to identify issues that are relevant to our field and to suggest a consumer research method adapted to Big Data. The first section of this article addresses ethical and epistemic issues to consider when conducting marketing research with Big Data. The second section suggests the use of abductive reasoning as a first step in the research process in order to bring context to consumers’ digital traces and make new theories emerge. Finally, we present the archetype-based analysis as an example of what researchers can do with Big Data when they adopt abductive, inductive and deductive approaches in the research process.

Mind, politics, and the academyThe Open Mind Cold War Politics and the Sciences of Human Nature Jamie Cohen-Cole University of Chicago Press, 2014. 405 pp.

Mind, politics, and the academyThe Open Mind Cold War Politics and the Sciences of Human Nature <i>Jamie Cohen-Cole</i> University of Chicago Press, 2014. 405 pp.

Preface: The Review of Philosophy and Psychology

The journal—soon to become most respected organ of analytic tradition— defined itself in its early years as the first English journal devoted to Psychology and and displayed in its masthead: A Quarterly Review of Philosophy and Psychology, a subtitle only to be abandoned in 1972 (Staley 2009). Today, whether contemporary psychology can be measured by scientific standards is no longer a question in need of an answer. Yet, what contribution philosophical methods and theoretical analysis can bring to understanding of cognition is still very much an open question—which Review of Philosophy and Psychology aims to tackle. Over last decades, scientific study of mind has become a vast new territory of philosophical inquiry with emergence of cognitive science as a leading research paradigm; a revolution to which philosophers substantially Rev.Phil.Psych. (2010) 1:1–3 DOI 10.1007/s13164-010-0024-1

The emergence of cognitive science in France.

A comparison between the development of cognitive science in France and the USA enables us to analyze some national differences linked to specific connections between the scientific, military, economic and political worlds. The influence of new practices and tools developed during World War II and the Cold War appears to be of crucial importance in understanding the development of this new field, as well as that of cybernetics, computer science, artificial intelligence and molecular biology. This paper can be considered as a study in how the differing contexts in France and the USA shaped the history of the construction of cognitive science in each of these two countries. In spite of various differences, some common aspects may be pointed out: in both cases, computer experts and psychologists using a computational modelling approach were those first engaged in the construction of cognitive science. If in France neuroscience-oriented cognitive science research was stronger than in the USA, it seems that the artificial intelligence orientation is also of growing importance in France.

Computational Models of the Mind and Psychiatry

The psychological sciences have witnessed a paradigm shift with the emergence of cognitive science as the "new science of mind."