EMC Simulation Research Articles

Sampling Strategy Selection for EMC Simulation Surrogate Model in Uncertainty Analysis and Electromagnetic Optimization Design

Sampling Strategy Selection for EMC Simulation Surrogate Model in Uncertainty Analysis and Electromagnetic Optimization Design

Application of Lifting Wavelet Packet Decomposing Algorithm in EMC Simulation of Automobile

The purpose of this paper is to extract data features and denoise the interference excitation source in vehicle electromagnetic compatibility test. The lifting wavelet packet algorithm inherits the multi-resolution characteristics of the classic (first generation) wavelet transform. The transform is only carried out in the time domain, which can achieve in situ operation. It has the advantages of small space occupation, fast transformation speed, easy inversion, etc. It can use energy conservation criteria to extract characteristic energy to identify the conducted interference sources in the vehicle, and the obtained characteristic spectrum is used as the modulation array of the excitation source of the vehicle numerical simulation. In this paper, the collected interference signals are decomposed into lifting wavelet packets, and then the characteristic energy is extracted to identify the conducted interference sources in the vehicle. Signal to noise ratio (SNR), root mean square error (RMSE) and peak error (PE) are used to verify the consistency between the simulation signal and the original signal. The results show that the lifting wavelet packet algorithm has a strong ability to identify the conducted interference sources in the vehicle.

EMC Simulation Technology for Electronics Packaging

EMC Simulation Technology for Electronics Packaging

Task optimal scheduling model of machining system based on entity modeling

The continuous improvement of national economic level makes people more and more demanding on machining. The key to realize the task optimization scheduling of machining system is manufacturing development. Machining process is a typical manufacturing process. The mechanical processing system transforms raw materials or semi-finished products into finished products or parts with qualified shape, size and precision through machining process, and consumes a lot of energy and material resources, and produces a large amount of waste materials, noise and other environmental emissions. Electromagnetic compatibility plays an increasingly important role in today’s scientific research and national defense. In the field of electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic compatibility analysis and electromagnetic compatibility prediction are important methods for electromagnetic compatibility research at present. Using software technology to deal with analysis and prediction is a general method, and entity modeling is an essential part of EMC simulation software.

EMC Component Modeling and System-Level Simulations of Power Converters: AC Motor Drives

EMC simulations are an indispensable tool to analyze EMC noise propagation in power converters and to assess the best filtering options. In this paper, we first show how to set up EMC simulations of power converters and then we demonstrate their use on the example of an industrial AC motor drive. Broadband models of key power converter components are reviewed and combined into a circuit model of the complete power converter setup enabling detailed EMC analysis. The approach is demonstrated by analyzing the conducted noise emissions of a 75 kW power converter driving a 45 kW motor. Based on the simulations, the critical impedances, the dominant noise propagation, and the most efficient filter component and location within the system are identified. For the analyzed system, maxima of EMC noise are caused by resonances of the long motor cable and can be accurately predicted as functions of type, length, and layout of the motor cable. The common-mode noise at the LISN is shown to have a dominant contribution caused by magnetic coupling between the noisy motor side and the AC input side of the drive. All the predictions are validated by measurements and highlight the benefit of simulation-based EMC analysis and filter design.

Research on EMC Simulation Method of Conducted Emissions Current Probe Method for Electric Vehicle Battery Pack

The electric vehicle generates more serious electromagnetic interference than the traditional cars. As one of the core components, the battery pack affect the vehicle’s electronic equipment seriously and it is susceptible to interference from high-voltage components Simultaneously. This chapter mainly studies the conducted emissions of battery packs. By establishing of the equivalent circuit model of the conducted emissions current probe method for the battery pack, and analysing according to the test conditions, and finally comparing with the test results to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the method.

Investigation of THz Radiation from Longitudinal Optical Phonon- Plasmon Coupling in p-i-n Diodes

Background: Terahertz radiation (THz) in infrared domain at room temperature has many applications in science and technology, especially in the technology of analyzing and processing image. This paper introduces a relatively simple method to investigate the Terahertz radiation from the coupling of Longitudinal Optical (LO) phonon and coherent plasmon in p-i-n diode structure. The frequency spectra are found from the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the voltage between two neighboring points in the insulating region of this diode. Numerical calculations have been applied for GaAs semiconductor device with the photo-excited carrier density ranging from 17 1.0×10 cm-3 to 18 3.0×10 cm-3 and the insulating layer size of 500 nm. Methods: In order to study of the coupling of LO phonon in p-i-n diode based on the EMC simulations, the equation of density vibration is solved simultaneously with the simulation of carrier dynamics, this is performed with spatial resolution of 1A° and time resolution of 0.20 fs . We solve the Poisson’s equation to derive the potentials along the x-axis in both cases with and without taking into account the coupling. The frequency spectrum derived from the FFT of the voltage of two layers separated by a distance 10 nm in insulating layer (i). Results: The frequency spectrum derived from the Fourier transform of the voltage between two neighboring points with and without LO phonon–plasmon coupling is shown. We can easily observe the existence of the modes which are close to the frequency values of bulk semiconductor. It should be noted that, our calculations are reasonable agreement with experiments measured by the Ibanez et al in Phys. Rev. B 69 (7), 075314 (2004). Conclusion: In this paper, we present a relatively simple approach to investigate the THz radiation from the coupling of LO phonon-plasmon in p-i-n diode structure by taking the FFT of the voltage of two neighboring points in insulating semiconductor region. The voltage is calculated through the electric potentials which relate to the charge density via Poisson’s equation. Numerical calculations have been performed for GaAs semiconductor device with carrier density ranging from 17 1.0×10 cm-3 to 18 3.0×10 cm-3. Our simulations calculations show that with appropriate photoexcited carrier density, two strong coupling LO phonon-plasmon coherent modes are appear.

Research on EMI Radiation Source Model Based on Battlefield EMC Prediction Analysis

In complex electromagnetic environment, using modeling and simulation to predict and analyze battlefield EMC has become the main means. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the transmitter, such as fundamental wave emission, harmonic emission, nonharmonic emission, intermodulation and intermodulation interference, the fundamental wave emission model, harmonic emission model, non-harmonic emission model, intermodulation interference and intermodulation interference model are constructed for the prediction and analysis of EMI Radiation Source, and the primary problem of battlefield EMC modeling and simulation prediction is solved.

Preliminary results of TUSUR University project for design of spacecraft power distribution network: EMC simulation

In this paper, the relevance of the use of mathematical modeling with the electromagnetic compatibility requirements in solving problems of space engineering is shown. Approbation of the software prototype developed in TUSUR is performed by designing the power supply network elements of a spacecraft. The mathematical and software features of the prototype are described.

Introducing a few EMC society young professionals

I live in the suburbs of Boston and work at Analog Devices' automotive business unit within the Audio Processing and Connectivity group leading the group's EMC initiatives, which includes both simulations and lab measurements. Prior to being at Analog Devices, I was at CST from 2012 to 2018 focused on various customer technical applications and support, but primarily focused on EMC simulation, including power integrity and system level simulations. I received my Bachelor's and Master's degrees in electrical and computer engineering from UMass Amherst in 2012, with coursework focused on microwave and RF engineering. My internships at CST while in school provided opportunities to learn about EMC, including modeling of cables and shield transfer impedance, correlating simulated and measured. I enjoy traveling the world with my wife and enjoy many hobbies in addition to the IEEE including living an active lifestyle (running, cycling, and skiing). I have a passion for percussion and music, especially classic rock. Since being an active IEEE EMC member after graduating, I have attended the IEEE EMC+SIPI symposium each year since 2012 and I look forward to the symposium every year to keep current with the advances in EMC+SIPI, to learn about the challenges being faced by others, and to meet with friends, old and new, in the EMC+SIPI community. I recently joined the Young Professionals EMC group, and volunteer with the local IEEE EMC Boston chapter, focusing on creating a new webpage for the chapter. I am keen to connect with more EMC YPs in the Boston/New England area, so please connect with me if you're interested!

Performance Comparison of the SGM and the SCM in EMC Simulation

Uncertainty analysis methods are widely used in today's electromagnetic compatibility simulations in order to take account of the nonideality and unpredictability in reality and improve the reliability of simulation results. The Stochastic Galerkin Method (SGM) and the Stochastic Collocation Method (SCM), both based on the generalized polynomial chaos expansion theory, have become two prevailing types of uncertainty analysis methods thanks to their high accuracy and high computational efficiency. This paper, by using the feature selective validation method, presents the quantitative accuracy comparison between the foregoing two methods, with the commonly used Monte–Carlo method (MCM) used as the comparison reference. This paper also introduces SCM into the CST software simulation as an example of performing uncertainty analysis. The advantages and limitations of SGM and SCM are discussed in detail in this paper. Finally, the strategy of how to choose among SGM, SCM, and MCM under different situations is proposed in Section VII

NIF-Based Frequency-Domain Modeling Method of Three-Wire Shielded Energy Cables for EMC Simulation

This paper focuses on the modeling method of energy cables used in power conversion systems, in the aim of EMC simulation and overvoltage analysis. Based on the node-to-node functions method, a simple frequency-domain model with a reduced number of equivalent impedances is considered and applied to three-wire shielded cables, along with a fast identification method based on a cascaded-cell model. Even though the model eventually includes nonphysical virtual impedances, simulation in frequency domain provides accurate results when compared to equivalent experimental measurements, for various cable lengths and in short simulation times. Time-domain waveforms are then extracted from frequency-domain simulation and confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in a wide frequency range up to 50 MHz. Finally, a good match has been found between experimental and simulation results of voltage overshoots on a buck power converter system.

家庭用パワエレ機器・電源回路におけるEMCシミュレーション技術

家庭用パワエレ機器・電源回路におけるEMCシミュレーション技術

SU-E-T-358: Monte Carlo Dose Calculation of Small Field Electron Beams

Purpose: Dynamic radiotherapy involving electron beams such as Dynamic Electron Arc Radiotherapy (DEAR) requires accurate dose modelling of small field sizes, similar to the requirement of IMRT field on the small photon field. The current commercial electron Monte Carlo algorithms such as eMC v11 in Eclipse were developed for standard field sizes and do not support the planning of dynamic therapy yet. The purpose of this study is to develop a method to accurately model small field electron beam dosimetry using Monte Carlo simulations. Methods: Comparison between eMC, phantom measurements (diode), and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations (BEAMnrc/DOSYZnrc) were performed for a Varian TrueBeam linac. MC simulations utilized Varian TrueBeam phase space files which had been validated in another study. Static single small field was assessed by comparing dose distributions in water for a 16 MeV beam for circular (2 cm diameter) and rectangular (1×10 cm{sup 2}) cut-out. MC was performed with a resolution of 2.5×2.5×2 mm{sup 2} and statistical uncertainty < 4%. The dose distribution was averaged over adjacent bins to improve precision. Depth dose and orthogonal profiles were evaluated. Results: Small field PDDs differ from those with standard cones. For both circular and rectangular cutouts, the difference in rangemore » R8 0-R1 0 is less than 2 mm and in dose within 2%. For the orthogonal profiles, field size and penumbra differences were within 1 mm at depth of maximum dose. The eMC displayed a distinctive “step” in the out-field dose profile in disagreement with both measurement and MC results and needs further investigation. Conclusion: MC was able to characterize the small field dosimetry with good agreement with the measurement data, and thus offers the opportunity for treatment planning of dynamic radiotherapy. Analyses for all other electron energies and cut-out sizes are under way and results will be included in the presentation.« less

Electromagnetic Compatibility of PCB Based on Electromagnetic Simulation Methods

With the circuit fabrication technology continues toward high-speed, high-density, low-power direction, modern circuit design techniques have changed radically. The speed improvement of digital system means rise and fall time of signals as short as possible, the improvement of frequency and edge rates will bring a series of high-speed design problems, these problems bring great challenges to the system hardware design, the correct design from logical point of view, if there is improper in the actual PCB design will lead to failure of the entire design. EMI radiation of PCB is analyzed, EMC simulation of PCB and optimizing improved are finished. The PCB electromagnetic compatibility is analyzed by using Protel 99SE and Ansoft Designer 2.2 software, and simulation result indicates optimizing design is correct and effective.

Active Integrated Devices PDN Balanced Truncation Reduction Method

For EMC simulation, the vector fitting model is transformed into time domain state equation model. Then the system is balanced. Then the reduced model can be obtained by removing the states corresponding to the small HSV (Hankel Singular Values). The order of the reduced model is determined by the singular curvature spectrum. Finally, balanced truncation model reduction method is used on a sample chip PDN (Power Distribution Network) and compared with the performance of the AWE (Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation) method. Simulation results show that the proposed method can operate in a wide frequency range and has smaller error and faster speed.

EMC behaviour modelling and simulation of components of the electric drivetrain

EMC behaviour modelling and simulation of components of the electric drivetrain

Antenna Models for Electromagnetic Compatibility Applications

In recent decades there have been a number of significant advances in EMC modeling which can be carried out within a significantly shorter time than it would be necessary for building and testing the appropriate prototype via experimental procedures. Moreover EMC simulation can predict the system behaviour for a rather wide variety of parameters including different initial and boundary conditions, excitation types, and different configuration of the system itself. EMC-computational models are often classified as

Proposal for scalable models in EMC simulation

Abstract. In this paper a method "Component Series Modeling" (CoSeMod) is presented. This allows fast and easy implementation of scalable model generations for passive component series based on measurement data or specification provided by manufacturer. These can be used in circuit models for fast EMC analysis and optimization, especially in frequency ranges where conducted emission and susceptibility dominate. EMC tasks require high precision equivalent circuit models of components. Models generated with CoSeMod provide in many cases as high a quality as original (static) models do. One feature of scalability is that new netlisting is not needed after component changes. The process of model creation is based on similarities of the components of the same model series (packaging, manufacturing process, material etcetera). Required equations of the relationship between nominal and parasitic values are calculated by nonlinear regression. Model generation for unknown components of a known series is possible with interpolation. Implementation is possible with relatively simple actions made in circuit simulator Saber. An EMC application example of the implemented model is also shown in this paper.

Modeling automotive FlexRay transceivers for signal integrity and EMC simulations

Abstract. Automotive bus systems like FlexRay or CAN transmit safety critical data. To ensure correct functionality under all circumstances, extensive investigations about signal integrity and EMC have to be performed. To be able to use simulation in this validation process, suitable models for the components of the bus systems have to be developed. This paper shows how a combined transceiver model for signal integrity and EMC investigations can be created. The model shows good results in comparison to measurement data.