Elements Of Human Capital Research Articles

A Perspective: Interaction of the “Leading – Lagging” Continuum of Non-financial and Financial Variables in Creating Economic Value Added for The Company

Basically, there are two main goals that the company wants to achieve simultaneously, namely maximizing profits for the welfare of shareholders on the one hand and employee satisfaction on the other hand. However, the facts show that management has long placed non-financial factors in a disproportionate manner compared to the treatment of financial factors. The aim of this research is to present a perspective through analysis of the interaction of a continuum of non-financial and financial variables in creating an economic value added for the company. The population is the largest national construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015 - 2019. Using the purposive sampling method, more than 50 percent of the companies became the research sample. Data analysis based on panel data and processed using Eviews, as well as classic statistical tests (t test and F test). The results provide a perspective regarding the influence of training & development, and cost control on revenue, cost of goods sold, and profitability ultimately on EVA. In terms of the coefficient of determination, it suggests a solid impact from both training and development as well as cost control on the bottom line., R2 = 93 percent influence on Gross Profit, R2 = 82 percent on Net Profit, R2 = 91 percent on NOPAT, there is a significant influence of Gross Profit, Net Profit and NOPAT on EVA respectively with t test < 0.05 and F statistic > 1.96. From the interaction process of the continuum of research variables, with some luck, a combination of results obtained through measures and those based on performance indicators will emerge, starting from non-financial elements to financial elements. This finding is the result of an original approach in modeling the relationship between non-financial variables and financial variables. This research is limited to the construction companies and the research variables only select proxies for human capital elements that are linked to financial performance data.

Mediating Effect of Human Capital on the Correlates of Corporate Governance, Credit Administration on Asset Quality: Evidence from Ghana Financial Industry

It is essential to understand the variables that affect asset quality because of their implications on the risk to financial institutions and for financial supervision and financial stability. There exist empirical studies establishing significant relationships between corporate governance and asset quality, and credit administration and asset quality. What was missing that this study investigated based on Ghanaian financial institutions was the mediating role of human capital. Based on a correlational research design and randomly selecting financial institutions and their employees as respondents. The study resulted that human capital fully and significantly mediates the relationships between corporate governance and asset quality, and credit administration and asset quality. Therefore, human capital elements of the knowledge, skills, and experience of the board members and employees are fully critical in the attainment of good asset quality. The study recommends that financial institutions must fully include the level of the human capital of their employees and board members when evaluating the factors that must exist to ensure that they have good asset quality.

해양수산과학기술 창업활성화를 위한 기술지주회사 모델 연구

This study aims to develop a technology holding company model to activate entrepreneurship and facilitate technology commercialization in the field of marine and fisheries science and technology. By comprehensively analyzing the current status and policies of public technology entrepreneurship in Korea, the growth potential of the marine and fisheries market, and the current situation and challenges faced by marine and fisheries science and technology, this study seeks to explore concrete measures to promote the commercialization of public technology and entrepreneurship in this field. In particular, in the marine and fisheries field, technology commercialization and entrepreneurship of research and development results are insufficient, so it is analyzed that revitalization of entrepreneurship through the technology holding company model is necessary. Based on Isenberg's startup ecosystem model, this study analyzed the current status of technology commercialization and startup factors through in-depth interviews and surveys with researchers at the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, and analyzed the feasibility of establishing a technology holding company. The research results suggest that an integrated approach is needed in which six major elements of policy, market, human capital, support, funding, and culture interact to revitalize marine and fisheries science and technology startups. In order to activate the interaction of the six major components, the establishment of a technology holding company such as 'KIOST Holdings' is necessary. Government and related agencies need to expand R&D support, provide incentives for entrepreneurship and technology commercialization, and establish legal and financial support systems for technology holding companies and research-based startups. Such support will lay the foundation for the sustainable development and global competitiveness of the marine and fisheries science and technology sector. The introduction of a technology holding company model for activating entrepreneurship in marine and fisheries science and technology is expected to play a crucial role in the sustainable development and enhancement of global competitiveness in the marine industry. This study suggests that the establishment of technology holding companies like 'KIOST Holdings' could serve as a foundation for implementing these strategies, marking an important step towards overcoming the limitations of Korean marine and fisheries science and technology and activating entrepreneurship and technology commercialization in this sector.

Exploring the “Can Do” and “Will Do” factors of human capital to enhance university performance

This study explores the "Can Do" and "Will Do" elements of human capital that impact university performance. Human capital, comprising both "Can Do" and "Will Do" elements, plays a pivotal role in driving organizational success, particularly in academic institutions. To investigate these elements within the university context, we conducted an exploratory qualitative research design using semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 12 purposely selected university practitioners and experts. The study results show that a high knowledge level, skills, capabilities, and experiences characterize the "Can Do" mindset. In contrast, the "Will Do" attitude encompasses personal traits, achievement motivation, and engagement with the job and institution. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of cultivating a synergistic relationship between human capital's "Can Do" and "Will Do" aspects for driving sustainable improvements in university performance. By leveraging these insights, academic institutions can optimize their resources and empower their faculty to achieve greater success and impact.

Gender dynamics of the impact of cash transfer on female educational expenditure of informal settlements in Bangladesh

Gender-biased educational investment remains a critical issue for vulnerable households. Despite increased female enrolment in the past decade, motivation to invest on female education remains low. Resource scarcity and low woman empowerment are two major reasons of low educational expenditure on female children of a vulnerable household. As the most vulnerable households in a society, informal settlers (slum households) are supposed to spend less on female children. However, whether there is any gender bias in informally settled households’ spending on education remains a question. Further, Cash Transfer (CT) programs provide resources to vulnerable households for investing on human capital elements like education. This study aims to examine three research questions: whether a informally settled household’s spending on education is gender biased, whether the households in which women receive CT spend more for female education than those in which women do not receive CT, and finally whether the impact of female receipt of CT differs from that of male receipt of CT in terms of female education expenditure. As the assignment of female access to CT is not randomized, the simple comparison between the treated and untreated suffers from selection bias. We employ propensity score matching (PSM) as an identification strategy to address selection bias. Inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) has been applied as a robustness check. The study's policy implications highlight the significance for policymakers in the domains of women's education, empowerment, and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.

The importance of green human capital in green logistic processes in Polish enterprises

Due to the high market dynamics, economic and environmental, constantly growing and changing customer needs, each organization is looking for new solutions related to the technology of goods flow, process optimization, aimed at both improving the quality of products and improving their production processes towards reducing their impact on the natural environment. In this context, Green Human Resources (GHR) may become a key factor in the success of greenlogistics (GL), because the success of the company depends in particular on the actions of employees, their knowledge, skills and their use and awareness. Therefore, the goalof the research was to check how the method of managing green human capital influences changes in the functioning of enterprises in selected areas related to the course and quality of logistics processes (including in terms of GL). As research shows, companies use GHR to promote behaviors among employees that increase the ecological efficiency of the entire company, but their share is still negligible. The study was conducted using an electronic survey questionnaire on a group of 200 enterprises. The conducted research showed the relationship between the importance of individual elements of human capital in enterprise strategies and changes in the functioning of enterprises in selected areas related to the course and quality of logistics processes. The following components had the greatest impact on the studied effects: human capital: knowledge, personal and social skills, interpersonal relations and psychological characteristics of employees.

СУЩНОСТЬ И СТРУКТУРНЫЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА

The purpose of this article is to study the concept of human capital, its impact on economic growth, as well as to identify its constituent elements. In the first part of the study, the author examines various approaches to understanding human capital and the peculiarities of the interpretation of the definition of human capital. In the study, the author highlighted that the formation of human capital occurs due to skills and abilities to work. It follows that to increase labor productivity, human capital development is necessary. A person’s interest in developing skills and abilities stimulates him to make additional investments in education, health and the development of spiritual and moral values, which, of course, leads to the evolution of human capital. In the second part of the study, the author examined the elements of human capital in more detail, and also provided arguments for the validity of these elements.

Influence of Top Management Characteristics on the Innovative Development of the World’s Top Companies in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Changes in the pharmaceutical industry lead to the need for detailed consideration of the issues of stimulating innovation, where top management largely determines the company's strategy of innovative development. Thus, it is important to study which characteristics of top management's human capital influence the innovation activity of pharmaceutical companies in creating new products. This article tests a hypothesis that the success of a pharmaceutical company's drug portfolio depends on ideas arising from basic research and large-scale commercialization that recoup high development costs, which in turn are influenced by the personal characteristics of top managers. The study is an econometric analysis of the impact of human capital elements, represented by top management characteristics, on the innovation activity of major pharmaceutical companies, where two models on patents and R&D were tested using panel regression. The models were tested using data from the world’s top 100 pharmaceutical companies from 2010 to 2022. The results made it possible to compile an average portrait of the top manager of the largest pharmaceutical companies. The analysis has shown that professional experience, age, as well as a job-specific degree can have a significant impact on innovation activity. The study contributes to the literature as it makes it possible to predict the innovation strategy of pharmaceutical companies through an average portrait of the top manager. The proposed model will reduce the number of failures of innovative directions, optimize the time period of commercialization of new drug development projects and can be used in other research studies.

The Main Scientific and Practical Directions and Priorities of Management and Development of the Digital Economy at the Enterprises of Modern Shipbuilding

Theoretical reference: The article outlines some of the main theoretical and empirical aspects of studying the process of digitalization and human capital management of industrial economic entities, including considering the main structural elements of human capital formation/functioning, and the synergistic effect of various structural elements of human capital. Method: The article discusses some main analytical methods for assessing the effectiveness of digitalization processes, including the market capitalization method, a method for assessing intellectual capital based on average annual return on assets (ROA), and a method for estimating the cost of human resources based on computational and analytical indicator of information productivity. Results and Conclusion: The article discusses results around trends in digital transformation for shipbuilding companies and conclusions that the digital economy determines the new role of human resources and capital and that people remain a key success factor for digital enterprises. Implications of research: The research helps outline the main directions and priorities of human resource management and digital economy development at modern shipbuilding enterprises. Originality and value: The research provides a comparative analysis of theoretical and empirical aspects of digitalization and human capital management in the context of the shipbuilding industry, examining computational methods for evaluation. This contributes new perspectives and analysis specific to this industry context.

The Effect of Education and Health as Fundamentals of Human Capital on Global Competition: A Panel Data Analysis on OECD Countries

The aim of the current study is to analyze the effect of education and health as the main elements of human capital on global competition in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries using the Granger Panel Causality Test. Accordingly, in the application part of the study, with the data obtained from the World Economic Forum (WEF), the World Bank (WB), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) databases, a panel data set was established for 18 OECD countries for which healthy data could be reached for the period of 2004-2018. As a result of the analysis, a causality relationship was determined between each variable representing education and health as the basic elements of human capital and the global competition for short term. When the results of the Westerlund (2007) panel cointegration test were examined, it was seen that there is a long-term relationship between the Global Competitiveness Index (gci) variable and all the other variables except for variables h1 and h2.

Human Capital as Enabler of Career Success: Perceptions of Nepali Women Executives

This study explored the perceptions of Nepali women executives about human capital elements that enabled their career success. In-depth interviews were used to generate information from purposively selected ten women executives representing varied organizations. Analysis revealed six human capital enablers to contribute to their career success: education, experience, expertise, performance, training, and relevant knowledge. Results show that human capital enables career success both directly and indirectly. The study outlines the pathway of career success and highlights the importance of socio-cultural consideration in further research in Nepal.

FEATURES OF HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA

The study of human capital management issues is essential for both economic growth and economic development. Because of that, the problem was studied by various economists, such as: A. Smith, D. Ricardo, J. Walsh et al. The indisputable relevance of the issue at hand accounts for the choice of the research topic. The article presents the role of human capital in the modern economic system, examines the elements of human capital, analyzes one of the most important factors affecting the development and reproduction of human capital in the Republic of Armenia - the dynamics of the number of students in higher educational institutions of the RA in 1998-2020 and the possible negative consequences of that. The conducted studies show that the number of students of higher education institutions in 2000-2009. increased by 53.9 thousand, the increase was 1.9 times or 88.8%, and in 2009-2020, the same indicator decreased by 45.6 thousand. Compared to the same years, the number of students decreased by 39.8%. Accordingly, the need to develop and implement a systemic state policy was substantiated as a prerequisite for accumulating and increasing the efficiency of reproduction of human capital.

Climate, weather and child health in Burkina Faso

AbstractIt is now clear that anthropogenic climate change is having a negative impact on human health. In this paper, we provide the first comprehensive assessment of the impact of climatic stressors on child health in Burkina Faso. We undertake a rigorous empirical analysis of the impact of climate and weather shocks on mortality, stunting (height‐for‐age Z‐score) and wasting (weight‐for‐age Z‐score), using Demographic and Health Surveys, combined with high‐resolution meteorological data, controlling for household and individual covariates. We find robust evidence that both lifetime and short‐term exposure to high temperatures and droughts have a negative impact on child health, as do increased temperature anomalies during crop seasons, suggesting a link between climate and health through domestic food production. Income and household wealth, access to electricity, sanitation and a health facility for childbirth negate some adverse impacts of climate change. Combining our econometric estimates with updated CMIP6 scenarios, we compute policy‐relevant projections of future child health. Our results show that future warming is projected to significantly increase child mortality, and share of underweight and stunted children, in all but the Paris Agreement scenario. Given the links between health, a key element of human capital, and economic growth, our findings and projections provide yet more evidence of the importance of a rapid reduction in global emissions combined with adaptation funding, if lower‐income countries are to achieve poverty reduction and increasing prosperity.

Quality of accessibility vs quality accessibility of medical service in Russia: Measurement issues

One element of human capital that determines the prospects of national economic growth is population health. This is a multivariate concept and therefore, there can be distortions in estimating its level depending on the chosen metrics. The efficiency of the health care system as an indirect indicator of a nation’s health is often measured through composite indicators of the medical service quality and accessibility. Nonetheless, in the conditions of limited resources such evaluation may not reflect the actual situation. The paper aims to discuss the problems related to the balance in the quality and accessibility of medical service in Russia. Methodologically, the research relies on classical macroeconomics. The method is the analysis of series of socioeconomic indicators collected from Russian statistics for 2012–2021. The findings point to the existence of a normative and positive approaches to measuring the efficiency of the health care system based on the composite evaluation of the two parameters: the medical service quality and accessibility. The authors prove that such methodological ideology is erroneous, and suggest evaluating relative indicators that illustrate the ratio between the two parameters. The case of one of such ratios – a relative evaluation of the number of physicians, hospital beds and diseases per group – allowed obtaining the assessment of the labour productivity. According to the conclusions, the accessibility of the medical service in Russia is decreasing, which however, does not lead to the improvement of its quality.

Victimological Aspects of Human Capital in Old Age

The presented article is devoted to the problem of the formation and use of human capital in old age. It is shown that modern studies of human capital focus on the psychological characteristics of this phenomenon, including the study of late ontogenesis. Particular attention is paid to the victimological characteristics of human capital in old age, which is implicitly present in a number of scientific studies, but is not specifically singled out as a special layer of research. As a research method, a case method was used with subsequent processing of case texts by the method of meaningful content analysis. Two types of cases were created: generalized, reflecting typical problems of the elderly, and individually defined, fixed on a pronounced fact, but having a general social significance in the future. The material of the cases was conversations with older people, materials from the media, examples from judicial practice, etc. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the application of the victimological approach, which consists in highlighting the victim problems of human capital in the elderly, as well as in suggesting ways to neutralize some of the victim factors affecting on older people. It is noted that human capital in old age has both advantages and disadvantages compared to other ages. It has been revealed that the traditionally distinguished advantages of old age in knowledge, experience and professionalism can become, if they are not in demand, factors of victimization of both the elderly themselves and their environment. It is concluded that one of the significant elements of human capital in old age is the psychological readiness for life in late ontogenesis based on special knowledge and skills, including financial planning for this period of life. The results of the work can be used in the development of social programs to help the elderly, including programs that teach the rational use of human capital.

Educational and Innovative Elements of Human Capital and Their Impact on Economic Growth

Human capital is an important factor for economic growth and the development of so-cio-economic systems. However, the appropriate expression of the value of human capital, the mecha-nism and its impact on economic development are still under discussion. It is hypothesised that there is a relationship between human capital and economic growth. To test this hypothesis, data on the group of Visegrad (V4) countries for the period 2000–2019 was analysed. The study examines the presence of a causal link between some attributes of human capital and economic growth and the conditions, un-der which its positive effects can be expected based on statistical methods. It also deals with the role and the applicability of some of its characteristics to express the impact of human capital on economic growth. The model revealed a positive, statistically significant relationship between gross domestic prod-uct per capita and the innovative capacity of human capital and the qualifications of employees. The im-pact of tools for human capital creation and development extends over a longer period and is reduced by the simultaneous action of other labour market factors. Currently, economies are affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Corresponding changes are also noticeable in the way work is done, with more weight on the home office. It will be interesting to examine how this transformation will affect economic growth. The changes in the position of employees and the care of companies for human capital are also a good topic for further research that can be conducted every few years.

How Does CEO’s Human Capital Influence Innovation Strategy of Russian Banks?

The paper evaluates influence of human capital of top management on innovation strategy on the basis of study of innovation activity of Russian commercial banks in the period of 2017–2019. We have compiled a rating of commercial banks for retail segment innovations, selected the four least innovative banks. We have studied the key indicators of human capitalof top management in eight chosen banks. The paper has revealed the interrelation between different elements of human capital of top management and innovation strategies of Russian commercial banks. We have defined personal traits which portray a manager who exerts influence on innovations in a company.
 The paper is intended for investors in emerging markets which try to understand the evaluation mechanisms of impact of the financial companies’ current management on their future development path, for analysts engaged in forecasting trends related to optimization and automation in retail banking and assessment of corporate innovative capacity.

Changes in the Traditional Occupations and Discourse of Women: New Element of Human Capital in Redesigned Kazakh Society

Redesigning of developing economies includes the challenge of the inclusive materialization of women's human potential. This paper investigates changes in the women’s social status and the role of human capital in conveying the Kazakhs’ traditional values. The study includes a sample of 400 women. The sample’s overall demographic profile generally corresponds to the demographic profile of Kazakh society. The research findings established importance of traditional values and behaviors for Kazakh women. Educational attainment is a significant component of social status for Kazakh women, but the degree of its influence on achieving higher social status is perceived to be insignificant.

Sharing services, strategy and territories: reflections of operations in Brazil, Portugal and Europe

The objective of this text is to analyze territorial development factors, promoted by the agglomeration strategy of shared service centers, which contribute to the regional and urban economy through the spillover effect, observing interrelated corporate components of governance, strategy and location, as well as externalities on non-participants, namely at an economic, social and environmental level. Studies were carried out in different sectors of the Northeast and Center-South geo-economic regions of Brazil, with emphasis on the beverage, pharmacy, transportation and financial services segments; and in the cities of Lisbon, and Porto, in Portugal-Europe in their respective metropolitan areas, namely in the segments of technology, telecommunications, transport, automobiles and health. To this end, a literature review was carried out, relating elements of human capital, innovation and knowledge with the phenomenon of sharing services and areas of research support; and accessed executive documents dealing with the planning and implementation of call centers. The methodology focused on the content analysis of semi-structured interviews with one hundred and fifty professionals from companies and governments in the regions, which provided a better understanding of the phenomenon, its activities and repercussions. The relevance of territorial configurations was perceived as a strategic and economic development component, promoted by the agglomeration of people, processes and technology in sharing services, potentiated by the agglomeration of these equipments, which operate in different ecosystems, but obtain a competitive advantage and increase in supply chains. value through the network economy. The research contributed to broadening the understanding of the relationship between territory and companies' strategies, with emphasis on development factors.

Integrating business model for sustainability and performance management to promote occupational health and safety—A discussion of value

The concept of business model has been around in scientific discussions for over half a century, but the adoption of business model for sustainability is much more recent. What constitutes a business model for sustainability is far from clear, and what drives the business model for sustainability to success needs further elaboration. The current paper adopts a conceptual approach to clarify the components of the business model for sustainability, focusing on the discussion of value addressed in its concept, and the interplay between the business model for sustainability and the internal performance management system. Furthermore, we connect our discussion to occupational health and safety because employee health and safety, one of the important elements of human capital, have been regarded as critical to the sustainable development of companies and society. We argue that OHS should be a fundamental cornerstone in doing business and should not be viewed as an afterthought of production and financial concerns. Therefore, OHS and employee relations should be addressed within the business model. The more important issue is the alignment of the value propositions, value creation, and value capture that underpin both the business model for sustainability and the internal performance management system. If the performance management system is decoupled from the business model, the long-term and short-term occupational health and safety advantages and the sustainable value propositions to stakeholders will not be realized.