Elementary School Mathematics Teachers Research Articles

İlkokul Matematik Öğretiminde Kullanılan Dijital Teknoloji Araçlarının Başarıya Etkisi - Derleme Çalışması

Bu çalışma ile ilkokul kademesinde matematik öğretim sürecinde kullanılan dijital teknoloji araçlarının matematik başarısına etkisini konu alan deneysel araştırmaları incelemek ve bu araştırmaların içerdiği çeşitli bilgileri sistemli biçimde bir araya getirmek amaçlanmıştır. Sistematik derleme çalışması olarak yapılandırılan çalışmada dahil etme kriterlerini sağlayan 24 ulusal ve uluslararası araştırma çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. İncelenen araştırmaların daha çok makale türünde olduğu, çoğunlukla 2019 yılında yapıldığı, uygulama yapılan sınıf düzeyinin en çok 4.sınıf olduğu, uygulamalarda en çok Kesirler konusunun ele alındığı diğer yandan geometri, ölçme ve veri toplama öğrenme alanlarında 1.ve 2. sınıflara yönelik konuların olmadığı görülmüştür. Kullanılan dijital araç türü olarak en çok dijital oyunların kullanıldığı gibi çeşitli sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Aynı zamanda yapılan araştırmalardaki ortak sonucun dijital teknoloji araçlarının kullanımının matematik başarısını arttırdığı yönündedir.

Effective Strategies for Blended Teaching of Elementary School Mathematics Based on the Smart Education Platform

The continuous development of educational technology has made the smart education platform an important part of modern teaching and learning, especially in elementary school mathematics teaching, which continues to show great potential. Smart education platforms have been described as revolutionary tools that have dramatically changed traditional teaching and learning methods through integrated technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and cloud computing, and these platforms not only provide rich and diverse teaching resources but also support personalized learning paths and interactive learning experiences, thus effectively improving teaching efficiency and learning quality. The integration of smart education platforms with traditional offline teaching not only meets the requirements of the reform of the teaching mode but also optimizes the learning process of students and improves the learning effect. Based on this, this paper elaborates on the effective strategies of blended teaching of elementary school mathematics based on the wisdom education platform from different perspectives.

Examining Pre-Service Elementary School Mathematics Teachers' Instructional Explanations in Terms of Mathematics Register

Bu çalışmada ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının gerçek sınıflarda yürüttükleri öğretim süreci çerçevesinde yaptıkları öğretimsel açıklamaların matematik üslubu açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan bu incelemede öğretmen adaylarının matematik üslubunu kullanmada sergiledikleri olası uygunsuz durumların ve yetersizliklerin saptanması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması yaklaşımı benimsenerek son sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 12 ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adayının video ile kayıt altına alınmış ders anlatım süreçleri matematik üslubu açısından analiz edilmiştir. Analizin gerçekleştirilmesinde, literatürde dörtlü bilgi modelinin matematik üslubu açısından yorumlanması ile oluşturulmuş bir kavramsal çerçeve temel alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular öğretmen adaylarının matematiksel terminolojiyi birçok durumda yanlış kullandıklarını ve matematiksel kavramları tanımlamada veya açıklamada terminolojiyi basite indirgediklerini göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte öğretmen adaylarının matematiksel kavramları ve prosedürleri izah etmek için ders öncesinde hazırladıkları açıklamaları, kavramların farklı temsil biçimleriyle tutarsızlıklar barındırdığı saptanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, öğretmen adaylarının matematik üslubunun öğrencilerin matematiği anlamlandırmasındaki etkisi ve öğretim sürecindeki önemi hususlarında farkındalıklarının arttırılmasının gerekli olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Öğretmen adaylarının pedagojik alan bilgilerini geliştirmeye yönelik literatürdeki güncel gelişmeler odağında, bu ihtiyacın nasıl karşılanabileceğine yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Efficacy of educational platforms in developing the skills of employing augmented reality in teaching mathematics

The aim of the current study is to reveal the effectiveness of a training program using an educational platform on developing the skills of employing augmented reality apps to enhance the teaching of mathematics among elementary school teachers. The experimental approach with a quasi-experimental design, a one-group pre-/post-test design, was used in this study. The study sample consisted of 36 elementary school mathematics teachers in Saudi Arabia, and an achievement test and an observation card were used as measurement tools. The study identified a statistically noteworthy distinction, with a significance level of 0.05, in the mean scores of the study group before and after the administration of the achievement test and the observation card, favoring the post-application results. The study suggested the importance of directing those in charge of developing training programs within the Ministry of Education to incorporate educational platforms as a key component of distance education methods.

Teachers’ Perspectives on the Development of Augmented Reality Application in Geometry Topic for Elementary School

Augmented Reality (AR) is a new evolving technology that can enhance the learning experienceby making learning more engaging, has a beneficial influence on teaching and learning,and assists in comprehension, specifically when it comes to abstract concepts. Teachers playa pivotal role in accelerating the widespread use of AR in education, making it crucial toget their thoughts and perspectives. Based on the perspectives of mathematics teachers, thisresearch aims to determine the necessity for developing an augmented reality learning applicationin the geometry topic for elementary school students through a questionnaire that hasbeen answered by 52 elementary mathematics teachers from Northern State Malaysia. Thefindings of this study were analyzed using descriptive analysis with a value of Cronbach alpha(α = 0.98). The findings of the study indicate three main elements that need to be emphasizedfor the AR development process, namely learning strategy design, presentation design, andinteractivity design. Based on the mean of the research conducted, the findings of the threeelements indicate a significant necessity. The development of AR applications must incorporatethese three elements in order to assist elementary school mathematics teachers in designingAR learning applications that maximize student achievement.

The application of task-based teaching method in elementary school mathematics education

In contemporary mathematics education, the task-based teaching method has garnered significant attention and exploration as an efficient instructional approach. This article integrates multiple instructional cases to elucidate the concept and characteristics of the task-based teaching method. It delves into the role of task-based teaching method and explores key considerations and issues that should be paid attention to when employing this approach in elementary school mathematics education.

The Use of the KWDL Technique in Developing Grade 4 Elementary School Student Combined Operations

The ability to recognize one’s learning processes is important for learning mathematics as it helps learners to practice the thinking process of how each element works in solving mathematics problems. The K-W-D-L technique has emerged as a technique that could bring about metacognition in learning and it could be beneficial in elementary school mathematics education. The objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of the K-W-D-L technique on the learning achievement of fourth-grade elementary school students in combined operations. The participants grade 4 students in a public school in the Thai educational context. They were cluster sampling methods. The instruments were a K-W-D-L learning management plan, a learning achievement test, and a mathematic problem-solving test. The statistics used in data analysis were percentage, mean score, standard deviation, one sample t-test, and effectiveness index. The results of the study indicate the effectiveness index of the learning management plan designed using the K-W-D-L technique reached the determining criteria. Moreover, both participants’ learning achievement and mathematic problem-solving abilities were found to be at the desired level of the class.

Teachers’ Views on Online Mathematics Teaching Barriers During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Case of Turkey

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Turkey's 19 million students and 1.2 million teachers rely entirely on online instruction. This study looks at the perspectives of math teachers on the teacher, school, curriculum, and student hurdles to E-learning deployment during the COVID-19 epidemic. It also evaluates the connection between the degree of barriers and teachers' backgrounds. Furthermore, it assesses the relationship between barrier levels with teachers’ demographic backgrounds. This study collected data through an online questionnaire, and random sampling was employed. The sample consisted of 364 participants (210 male and 154 female) who were middle school and elementary school mathematics teachers. According to the study's findings, the student-level barrier had the biggest influence on adopting e-learning. The school- and curriculum-level barriers are positively connected with the student-level barrier. The study found that barriers were unaffected by the backgrounds of teachers. This study highlights the significance of student voices in overcoming e-learning challenges and utilizing its advantages during this epidemic and beyond.

Piaget's Theory in Mathematics Education in Elementary School

Since the passing of Law No. 2 of 1989, the landscape of education in Indonesia should be distinguished by the consistency of its system, thus by a series of adjustments. Some possible adjustments to the primary school curriculum to the high school level include (1) imbalances in the effective learning offered. This is supported by the fact that, since the implementation of the national exam (in elementary schools), the field of mathematics studies has one of the lowest average values among national exam subjects. (2) The ongoing curriculum's requirements not fit with students intellectual development. This study will employ theory of learning based on Piaget's intellectual development from a variety of learning theories based on cognitive theory. According to Piaget's hypothesis, a child's development progresses over the course of 4 sequential phases, consisting :(1) Sensory motor period (ages 0 to 2 years), (2) per-operational period (ages 2 to 7 years), (3) concrete operational period (ages 7 to 11 years), and (4) formal operational period (ages 11 and onwards).The purpose of this research is to determine the level of effectiveness in teaching geometry unit math based on the conservation aspects of Piaget's theory. These goals can be summarized as follows: 1) Determining the amount of efficacy in teaching geometry unit math using Piaget's theory's conservation components;2) Identifying differences in the influence of age (9, 10, and 11) on receiving geometry unit math teachings based on the conservative aspects of Piaget's theory. To accomplish the study's objectives, the research utilized a per-experimental research design, particularly a pre-test-post-test design with one group. The results indicated that the learning accomplishment of geometry unit math based on the conservation aspects of Piaget's theory did not vary by age (9, 10, or 11 years). The study's findings indicate that there is no interaction effect between the ages of 9 and 10 on math learning achievement, (2.2) that there is no interaction effect between the ages of 9 and 11 on math learning achievement, (2.3) there is no interaction effect between the ages of 10 and 11 on math learning achievement, and (2.4) that there is no interaction effect between the ages of 9 and 10 on math learning achievement. Keywords: Mathematics, elementary school.

The Effectiveness of Case Method Learning in View of Students' Critical Thinking Ability

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the case method in terms of students' critical thinking skills. This type of research is a quasy experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was all students of the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program (PGSD) at the University of Mataram. The sample used in this study were 29 semesters 2 students taking elementary school mathematics education courses. Data collection techniques using test and non-test techniques. The instrument for collecting data uses a critical thinking ability test. The analysis technique uses the normality test for the prerequisite test, the t-test to find out the difference in the pretest and posttest averages, and the N-Gain score test to determine the effectiveness of the case method. The results showed that the results of the pretest and posttest of students' critical thinking skills obtained successive significance scores of 0.088 > 0.05 and 0.094 > 0.05 meaning that the data was normally distributed. Furthermore, the statistical results of the t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. This means that there is a significant difference in average between the pretest and posttest. While the result of the N-Gain score is 0.713 and is in the high category, it can be said that the implementation of the case method has a high level of effectiveness on students' critical thinking skills.

Learning data science in elementary school mathematics: a comparative curriculum analysis

BackgroundData literacy is increasingly important in today’s data-driven world. Students across many educational systems first formally learn about data in elementary school not as a separate subject but via the mathematics curriculum. This experience can create tensions in the priorities of learning and assessment given the presence of other foundational mathematics content domains such as numbers, algebra, measurement, and geometry. There is a need to study data literacy in comparison to these other content domains in elementary mathematics. To address this need, we developed a methodology motivated by thinking curriculum theory and aligned with international assessment framework, for comparative analysis across mathematics content domains. This methodology examined increasing levels of cognitive domains from knowing to applying to reasoning across mathematics content domains. Intended, assessed, and attained curricula were analyzed using Singapore as a case study, combined with broader comparisons to attainments in four East Asian countries in TIMSS, an international large-scale assessment.ResultsWe found that learning in the data domain had very limited coverage in intended and assessed curricula in Singapore. However, compared to other mathematics content domains, the data curriculum placed heavier emphasis on higher-order cognitive domains including the use of generally difficult mixed data visualizations. This demanding curriculum in Singapore was associated with the highest attainment in the data domain among average 4th grade Singaporean students relative to students in four East Asian countries in TIMSS, as analyzed by quantile regression. However, lower-performing Singaporean students at the 10th percentile generally did not outperform their East Asian peers. We further found very limited applications of data in other mathematics domains or cross-domain learning more generally.ConclusionOur study offers a comparative analysis of the data curriculum in elementary school mathematics education. While the data curriculum was cognitively demanding and translated to very high average attainments of Singaporean students, the curriculum did not equally help weaker Singaporean students, with implications on current discourse on equity–excellence trade-off in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. Our study further highlights the lack of cross-domain learning in mathematics involving data. Despite the broad applicability of data science, elementary school students’ first formal experience with data may lack emphasis on its cross-domain applications, suggesting a need to further integrate data skills and competencies into the mathematics curriculum and beyond.

Pelatihan Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif di Sekolah Dasar

Community service activities in the form of elementary mathematics learning training. This activity was carried out at SDN 032 Kebun Sari, Wonomulyo District, Polman Regency, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Participants in the community service activities were elementary school mathematics teachers who were members of the Teacher Working Group in Wonomulyo District, Polewali Mandar Regency. The objectives of the community service activities are: (1) Increasing knowledge of innovative mathematics learning strategies for elementary school teachers; and (2) Increasing the knowledge of elementary school teachers about elementary math concept knowledge. Community service activities have increased elementary mathematics teachers' understanding of learning strategies and knowledge of elementary math concepts for math teachers in the Wonomulyo sub-district.

Opinions of Pre-service Elementary School Mathematics Teachers on Misconceptions

The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers about misconceptions. For this purpose, case study, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The study was conducted with 54 pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers. The data collection tool of the research consists of written response papers that they give to open-ended questions asked to participants. The views of pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers to open-ended questions were analyzed by content analysis. In order to prevent misconceptions that may arise during the lesson, pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers stated that they would; investigate the misconceptions, prepare for the lesson, study the subject, concretize the subject, visualize, determine the pre-learning, give daily life examples, etc. In order to determine whether their students have misconceptions, they stated that they would ask questions, evaluate the answers, solve the test, examine the mistakes and questions, observe the reactions, etc. It is recommended for further research to examine how pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers take precautions to avoid misconceptions by preparing a lesson plan, and to examine the situations of determining and correcting mistakes in students by observing the lessons of the teachers.

Investigation the Relationship between Online Homework, Academic Success and Self-Regulation

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between pre-service teachers’ online assignments, academic success, and self-regulation skills. In this study, the correlational research design was used. The research was conducted with 124 pre-service teachers studying in different departments of Elementary Mathematics, Turkish, and Social Studies Teaching at Gaziantep University in the 2020-2021 academic year. Three extreme values were determined and the answers of a total of 121 pre-service teachers were used as data. The scale for assignment effort, the scale for reflective thinking ability and the assignment evaluation rubric were used as data collection tools. As the result of the research, it is seen that pre-service teachers’ online assignment scores and average academic levels are high. When the assignment qualities of the pre-service teachers, their reflective abilities on teaching, assignment effort and academic success were examined in terms of department variable, the departments with the highest average academic success and reflexivity sub-dimension score were elementary school mathematics teaching, Turkish language teaching and social studies teaching respectively. It was also found that the assignment qualities of the pre-service teachers predict the academic success and assignment effort in a positive direction.

Supporting mathematics public school teachers’ professional development and the teaching of statistics in elementary and middle school: An imperative for teacher education in Brazil

This research sought to understand the perspectives of 28 elementary school mathematics teachers, on equity, social justice, cultural, socioeconomic, and racial issues and their relationship with the teaching and learning of mathematics (statistical concepts) in an online collaborative mathematics course focused on teaching statistics in an equity view. Federal policy requires teaching statistics since elementary school in Brazil. The course was conducted in the context of a university-school partnership through an online professional learning community–PLC, involving teachers from eight public schools and researchers from eight public universities in three different states in the Northeast and one in the Southeast of Brazil. Teachers’ perspectives on equity, social justice, cultural, socioeconomic, and racial issues were analyzed under the lens of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) equity principles and Gorski’s (2019b) heritage literacy. Data was generated through responses to an on-line questionnaire. Data analysis involved the qualitative method of textual discursive analysis. Results focused on teachers’ understandings and interpretations regarding: how they define equity, equality, and social justice; opportunities in mathematics teaching to support student learning; school support in relation to racial, cultural, and socioeconomic issues of families. The findings point to the need to support the implementation of a professional development model that attends, at the same time, the learning of teachers and students, with a focus on equity in Brazilian public schools.

Semiotic analysis on Malangan Batik for elementary school mathematics learning

Among the cultural richness in Indonesia, one of which is the Malangan batik cloth. The use of Malangan batik cloth is not only for clothing and decoration needs but also becomes part of the subject matter. In elementary school learning, Malangan batik cloth is one of the learning materials for Arts, Culture, and Crafts. In the thematic learning applied in elementary schools, Arts, Culture, and Crafts subjects do not stand alone. However, it must be related to other subjects, one of which is mathematics. The reality, on the ground, most teachers find it difficult to link the two. Bridging the link between these two subjects is carried out through semiotic analysis with its six primary objects. This study aimed to conduct a semiotic analysis of Malangan batik for elementary mathematics learning. The research was conducted in a qualitative descriptive manner with an ethnographic approach. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and interviews with two elementary school mathematics teachers and two Malangan batik makers. The research period is January-March 2022. The results of the study found that elementary mathematics concepts (numbers, algebra, geometry, measurement, statistics, and capital selection) have been identified according to six primary semiotic objects, namely language, problem-situation, concepts, procedures, properties, and arguments. By understanding each semiotic object, Malangan batik has the potential to increase students' mathematical activities that are contextual, interesting, and meaningful for students.

Mathematics teaching expertise: A study of the dimensionality of content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and content-specific noticing skills

Identifying the nature of the expertise needed to teach a subject matter is instrumental in preparing the teaching workforce. Scholars have stressed the subject-specific nature of such expertise and theorized that to teach a given subject matter, teachers need distinct manifestations of content-specific knowledge and skills. Yet empirical studies supporting the distinguishability of these constructs have been mixed. This study aims to add to the field by showing how different conceptualizations of teachers' content knowledge may have affected the dimensionality of these constructs in prior studies. It also builds further understanding of whether content specific noticing is a separate construct from content and pedagogical content knowledge for elementary school mathematics teachers. Data was collected from 290 teachers from 48 states in the United States and our findings indicate that teachers' content-specific expertise for teaching mathematics is multidimensional. The findings suggest that content knowledge (with two distinct components), pedagogical content knowledge, and content-specific noticing skills are separate components of teachers’ expertise for teaching mathematics. Furthermore, our findings underscore the influence that the conceptualization of content knowledge has on the empirical results for the dimensionality of the construct.

Virtual Reality Primary School Mathematics Teaching System Based on GIS Data Fusion

Virtual reality technology is becoming more and more well-known by more and more people. Informatization of education is vigorously promoted in the modernization of the country. As a new type of digital information processing platform, virtual reality technology has a huge advantage in elementary school mathematics teaching. It is based on three-dimensional spatial data for modeling, analysis, and display. In addition, as a data synthesis and processing technology, data fusion is actually the integration and application of many traditional disciplines and new technologies. Geographic information system (GIS) is a specific and very important spatial information system. This article mainly uses the method of case analysis, giving examples of virtual experimental teaching system, intelligent auxiliary teaching system, and virtual classroom teaching system to analyze the related technologies and then apply the investigation method and experimental method to test the system proposed in this article and organize students’ opinions systematic attitude. Experimental data and survey results show that 78 students believe that the virtual mathematics education system is most suitable for simulating operation experience and understanding principles. And more than 50% of students believe that the virtual experimental education system has significantly increased their interest in learning. For this reason, the research on the virtual reality elementary school mathematics teaching system based on GIS data fusion is of great significance.

Teacher Education and Didactics Knowledge to Teach Statistics: A Case Study

This article discusses how two beginning mathematics teachers mobilize and develop their didactics knowledge, specifically concerning knowledge of statistical content and teaching practice, during a teacher education experience. This work was developed as part of a specialization course for elementary school mathematics teachers, in the subjects Data Analysis I and II. The teacher education course took place in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This is a qualitative study with an interpretive paradigm, based on a case study with two beginning teachers. The data collected was obtained from sessions by a logbook, audio recordings, and interviews with the teachers after the teacher education course. The course was structured to articulate didactics and statistics knowledge from activities directed to teaching practice. Concerning statistical knowledge, the results show the development of knowledge about different concepts associated with carrying out statistical investigations. Regarding teaching practice, teacher’s learning is highlighted to carry out statistical activities of exploratory nature and statistical investigations in the school context.

Problem Posing and Its Relationship with Teaching Experience of Elementary School Mathematics Teachers from Ethnic Minority Area in Southwest China

This study examined characteristics of problem posing and its relationship with the teaching experience of elementary school mathematics teachers from ethnic minority areas in the Southwest of China. Eighty-one (N = 81) elementary school mathematics teachers responded to a task-based questionnaire and posed mathematical problems based on given problem situations. Characteristics of their mathematical problem posing were observed through the total numbers, appropriateness, difficultly, and flexibility levels of the problems posed by the teachers. Results show that elementary school mathematics teachers were capable of posing a considerable number of appropriate mathematical problems. Significant differences were found in the flexibility of the posed problems among the teachers with different years of teaching experience. This finding suggests that teachers’ capability in mathematical problem posing may not necessarily grow along with teaching experience. Limitations of the study and implications in developing teachers’ mathematical problem posing are discussed.