Elementary School Classroom Teachers Research Articles

초등학교 저학년 신체활동교육에 관한 담임교사의 경험과 시사점

Objectives This study explored the reality of physical activity education in the lower grades through the experi-ences of elementary school teachers and made suggestions for strengthening and revitalizing physical activity ed-ucation in the lower grades. Methods Four lower elementary school classroom teachers interested in and experienced in physical activity edu-cation were selected as participants in the study, and data were collected through in-dept interviews and analysis of literature and documents. The collected data were analyzed through Yin’s five-step analytical cycle, and the an-alyzed data were subjected to triangulation, participant verification, and peer review to enhance the validity of the study. Results In “Students Growing Up Physically Active,” teachers believed that lower elementary students love to be physically active and that diverse and active physical education can help them adjust to school life and grow physi-cally, mentally, and emotionally. However, in “Teachers who are overwhelmed by physical activity,” teachers felt burdened and challenged to teach physical activity due to a variety of factors. In “Teaching Physical Activity Necessary,” there was a lack of physical activity in the lower elementary curriculum and a lack of physical activity education in schools. Conclusions In order to strengthen and revitalize physical activity education in the lower grades of elementary school, we suggested strengthening the importance of basic movement competency education in the lower grades, implementing systematic physical education in the lower grades, improving awareness of physical activity education in the lower grades, and improving the educational environment.

Croatian Elementary School Teachers’ Maths Teaching Efficacy Beliefs: Knowledge Domains and Cross-Curricular Maths in the Post-Digital Era

This correlational study addressed two issues pertinent to developing mathematical competences for the 21st Century. Firstly, in a post-digital society, technology is recognized in teachers’ pedagogic and subject-specific knowledge domains. Secondly, cross-curricular teaching must be introduced to respond to societal requirements for maths knowledge application in diverse areas of life and work. Croatian educational reform recognized the importance of informatics and the integration of ICT across curricula supporting cross-curricular teaching. When reforming teaching, teaching efficacy beliefs inform change, and the study examined how technology pedagogy content knowledge (TPACK) contributes to teaching efficacy beliefs. Six hundred and six Croatian elementary school classroom teachers were surveyed for maths teaching efficacy beliefs (MTEBI) and self-assessment of their technology pedagogy content knowledge (TPACK). The study confirmed that the integration of technology knowledge in teachers’ pedagogical knowledge is, in addition to content knowledge, essential and predicts, with a large effect size ( f2 = 0.64), the MTEBI subscale math teaching efficacy (MTE), while isolated technology knowledge does not. In addition, there is a positive correlation between years of service and pedagogy content knowledge and a negative correlation between years of service and technology pedagogy knowledge and technology knowledge, however, with a small effect size.

Initial training of teachers for the education of students from social welfare institutions in an inclusive school

Students from social care institutions are a sensitive subgroup whose inclusive needs often diverse the average student’s needs and for which specific teachers’ competencies are expected. The paper presents the special educational needs of this heterogeneous group of school children explaining the frequent occurrence of learning difficulties, behavioral, emotional, and other developmental problems conditioned by unfavorable educational, social, economic, and cultural factors. The valid available online study programs of faculties for future teachers for mandatory elementary school subjects and classroom teachers at the faculties of two universities in the Republic of Croatia were analyzed. The goal of the research was to determine the number of subjects aimed at teaching students with disabilities during the initial future teachers’ education and the occurrence of topics of students with disabilities education in the subjects that form the basis of future teacher practice, subjects for the acquisition of didactic-methodical, psychological, pedagogical, social, and practical teaching competencies. The obtained results can serve as a predictor for future research and the basis for creating programs for professional development in inclusive teaching based on the objective needs of individual teaching professions.

Opinions of preservice teachers about the mentoring provided by experienced elementary school classroom teachers in the context of Turkish language arts teaching during the covid-19 pandemic

Araştırmada Covid-19 salgın sürecinde sınıf öğretmeni adaylarıyla çevrimiçi olarak yürütülen deneyimli misafir öğretmen destekli Türkçe öğretimi dersleriyle ilgili öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya iki devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören ve Türkçe öğretimi dersini alan 73 sınıf öğretmeni adayı katılmıştır. Araştırmanın uygulama süresi 12 hafta boyunca devam etmiştir. Türkçe öğretimi derslerinde her hafta misafir olarak resmi ya da özel okulda görev yapan bir sınıf öğretmeni deneyimlerini sınıf öğretmeni adayları ile paylaşmıştır. Yapılan dersler ZOOM video konferans platformu aracılığıyla yürütülmüştür. Uygulama sürecinin ardından öğretmen adayları arasında seçilen gönüllü 20 öğretmen adayıyla odak grup görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada verilerin analizi sürecinde bilgisayar destekli nitel veri analizi MAXQDA programı kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri bağlamında ulaşılan bulgular MAXQDA programından elde edilen sütun grafikleri doğrultusunda sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın ortaya koyduğu bulgulara göre öğretmen adayları teknolojik yönde kendilerini geliştirme fırsatı bulduklarını, alınan derslerin gerçek yaşam pratiklerini yansıttığını, alınan ders içeriklerinin öğretmen olma yeterliliklerine katkı sağladığını, misafir sınıf öğretmenlerinin deneyim paylaşma sürecini motive edici ve bilgilendirici bulduklarını ve deneyimlenen sürecin Türkçe öğretimi becerilerine katkı sağladığını ifade etmiştirler. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinin çeşitli avantaj ve dezavantajlara sahip olmasına rağmen genel manada öğretmen adaylarını mesleğe hazırlama açısından başarılı olduğu görülmektedir. İleride yapılacak araştırmalarda farklı öğretim derslerinde de misafir öğretmenlerle yapılacak araştırma sonuçlarının ve misafir öğretmenlerin de deneyimleriyle ilgili görüşlerine yer verilmesinin bilimsel literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Exploring South Korean Elementary School Classroom Teachers' Beliefs and Practices in Physical Education.

Physical education (PE) is beneficial for the development of elementary school-age children through its promotion of different educational learning outcomes, which in turn affects the long-term development of physically active lifestyles. In many countries, PE is taught by classroom teachers (CTs), who are thought to be in a unique position to positively impact students' learning. While a substantial body of studies examines the challenges that CTs encounter when teaching PE, less research has been directed towards gaining a comprehensive understanding of how CTs visualize PE and, in turn, how to promote various types of PE. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to explore elementary school CTs' beliefs about and practices in PE in South Korea. To achieve the research goal, a semi-structured face-to face interview with six CTs was performed to collect the qualitative data source, using the ground theory as an analysis method. Three themes emerged from these interviews concerning the CTs' beliefs in PE: (a) the importance of understanding students' characteristics, (b) the importance of centering internal perceptions in PE method, and (c) the importance of meaningful experiences. The results also identified two themes for teaching practices in PE that corresponded to CTs' beliefs: (a) crafting personalized instructional methods and (b) connecting PE experiences. This study lends important insights to future practices and research recommendations for CTs' PE teaching and teacher education programs.

Perceptions and Attitudes of Elementary School Class Teachers as Facilitators of Inclusive Education for Children with Special Needs

The problem that is currently happening at SD Negeri Babakan 01 in South Tangerang City is that regular teachers at the school in educational services do not involve children with special needs directly so children with special needs who are in the class are not paid attention, coordination with special assistants for children with special needs also not well established, so it is difficult to exchange information about the condition of children with special needs specifically. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions and attitudes of elementary school class teachers as facilitators of inclusive education for children with special needs at SDN Babakan 01 in the city of South Tangerang. The method used in this research qualitative research with a descriptive method aimed at understanding social phenomena from the perspective of the participants (people from whom the data is taken). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the perceptions and attitudes of elementary school classroom teachers as facilitators of inclusive education for children with special needs at SD Negeri Babakan 01, South Tangerang city are still not by the system or regulations in carrying out inclusive programs, because there is still a lack of knowledge of classroom teachers about the characteristics of children with special needs can make it difficult for classroom teachers to deliver teaching materials, hinder the learning process in the classroom, and hinder the acceptance of teaching materials delivered by classroom teachers to children with special needs, making it difficult to optimize the potential that exists in children with special needs.

Reliability of Ratings of Multidimensional Fluency Scale with Many-Facet Rasch Model

The aim of this study was to determine whether the reliability of raters was provided by assessing reading prosody using the Multidimensional Fluency Scale (MDFS). The study was completed with a cross-sectional design, and in line with this, the prosodic reading skills of 41 fifth-grade students were rated by elementary school classroom teachers and Turkish language arts teachers using the MDFS. Data obtained from the ratings were analyzed with the many-facet Rasch model (MFRM). When the findings are investigated, the reading prosody rubric used in the research served the purposes of the reading prosody criteria, the sub-dimensions of the rubric could be reliably differentiated, the determined criteria were reliable, and the criteria categories appear to be adequate. Additionally, the severity and leniency of raters were found to differ, and Turkish language arts teachers were found to perform more severe ratings than classroom teachers. It was found that raters were ranked reliably in terms of severity/leniency, and that their levels of severity/leniency differed from each other. Another result obtained is that the prosody criterion that students completed with the most difficulty was phrasing. Therefore, it was concluded that the MDFS is a reliable rubric and that researchers and teachers can reliably use it to assess prosodic reading skills.

Evaluating creative drama studies in virtual museums with teacher opinions

The aim of this research is to evaluate creative drama studies in virtual museums with teacher opinions in order to ensure the revival of national cultural values through art. Qualitative research method was used in the study. The data were collected by the semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher. The study involved 25 elementary school classroom teachers working in various primary schools in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, in the 2020-2021 academic year. As a result of the research, it was revealed that teachers found themselves inadequate in virtual museums and creative drama, but considered the use of these applications in education extremely positive. In-service training programs to be prepared for teachers to gain competence in the field of creative drama in the virtual museum will enable them to use this method more effectively in education, which they find effective in learning.
 Keywords: Creative drama, national cultural values, teacher opinion, virtual museum.

Elementary School Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Teaching Physical Education: A Literature Review

Elementary school physical education (PE) can play a unique role in providing educational experiences to students and may support physical, cognitive, and social-emotional development (Institute of Medicine, 2013). Studies illustrate that PE programs can improve the possibility of achieving student learning outcomes only when appropriately designed and delivered (Rink & Hall, 2008). Research suggests that students' early experiences with PE are mainly led by elementary school teachers (Kirk, 2005). Globally, in several countries, either classroom teachers (i.e., a teacher who teaches every subject; a generalist), or PE specialists (i.e., a teacher who mainly teaches PE), have the responsibility to teach elementary PE (Dyson et al., 2018; Faulkner et al., 2008). For instance, in South Korea's elementary education system, PE is a required subject, and most PE classes are taught by classroom teachers rather than specialists (Jo & Lee, 2012). Classroom teachers are best suited to teach the child-centered, integrated curriculum in elementary schools, and hence often teach PE as one element of that curriculum (Coulter et al., 2009). However, some teachers believe that elementary level PE engagement experiences inadequately prepared children for accomplishing PE learning outcomes and physically active lifestyle (Hardman, 2008; Jess, Keay, & Carse, 2016). In other words, in order for classroom teachers to successfully teach PE, they need to consider a dynamic combination of adaptation in school contexts, teaching various subjects, and understanding different students' developmental characteristics (Tinning & Rossi, 2013). Additionally, classroom teachers’ beliefs that they are not qualified to teach PE adversely affects their PE teaching confidence (Harris, Cale, & Musson, 2012; Morgan & Bourke, 2008). Examination of classroom teachers’ different perspectives on teaching PE is particularly vital as an avenue for developing effective teacher education programs (Hunter, 2006). However, this aspect of elementary PE taught by classroom teachers is still unknown due to a relative scarcity of research studies in this area (Kirk, 2005, p. 247). Therefore, this paper provides an overview and discussion of illustrative findings of research conducted on classroom teachers’ perceptions of teaching PE. The author conducted an exhaustive search of published research articles via three major databases: Google Scholar, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), and Web of Science. The search terms included elementary school classroom teacher, primary school classroom teacher, generalist, non-specialist, physical education, perception, experience, practice, barrier, belief, and value (see Figure 1). Using the resulting articles, the review is organized into the following themes (Thomas & Harden, 2008): (a) apprehension of teaching PE, (b) different perceptions of value for PE classes, and (c) ecological perspectives in teaching PE.

Technology Integration of Turkish Elementary School: Teaching Literacy Skills in the Post-COVID-19 Era

This research aimed to explore the elementary school classroom teachers’ perceptions of technology integration into teaching literacy skills. A total of 122 elementary school classroom teachers working at different elementary schools from the middle socioeconomic status setting, enrolled in the study voluntarily. In this study, a self-report questionnaire developed by the researchers was used. The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to get descriptive statistics (frequencies) corresponding the research questions. The research findings indicated that most of the elementary school teachers employ different perspectives, including whole language, literature-based and balanced instruction, and curriculum and related textbooks to teach literacy skills. In addition, the findings showed that teachers use technology to increase the effectiveness of teaching literacy skills and their goals of technology integration to teach literacy skills differentiate. The teachers also benefit from the social media applications and professional organizations in increasing their awareness of technology integration into teaching literacy skills. These results expand our understanding of Turkish elementary school classroom teachers’ technology integration into teaching literacy skills by revealing their perceptions.

İlkokul Birinci Sınıf İlk Okuma Yazma Kitabının Öğretmen Görüşleri Bağlamında İncelenmesi

Yapılan bu araştırmada ilkokul birinci sınıf ilk okuma yazma kitabının öğretmen görüşleri bağlamında değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma hem nicel hem de nitel yönleri birlikte barındırması nedeniyle açıklayıcı karma yöntemle desenlenmiştir. Yapılan araştırmaya 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında, Şanlıurfa iline bağlı ilkokullarda görev yapmakta olan 191 sınıf öğretmeni katılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında verilerin toplanması sürecinde araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan anket formu ve yine araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen nicel verilerin analizinde SPSS paket programdan faydalanılırken, nitel verilerin analizinde ise betimsel analiz yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda sınıf öğretmenlerinin 1. Sınıf Türkçe İlk Okuma ve Yazma Ders Kitabı’nı genel anlamıyla “Yeterli” olarak gördükleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel boyutuna ilişkin sonuçlar incelendiğinde sınıf öğretmenlerinin ilk okuma ve yazma öğretimi sürecinde ders kitabından bir kaynak olarak oldukça fazla yararlandıkları, ders kitabının sesi hissettirme ve tanıma ile ilgili bölümlerini yeterli görürken; hece ve kelimeye geçiş bölümlerini ise yetersiz gördükleri sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.

Measuring the Preventive of Drug Dangers in Elementary Schools

This study aims to describe the effect of information services as a preventive measure against the dangers of drugs in elementary schools in Enrekang Regency, so students understand and can avoid negative things so that students are not easily affected by deviant behavior. In this case elementary school classroom teachers in Enrekang District plays an important role in the responsibility for drug prevention at the school, however all teachers in primary schools in Enrekang Regency have the same responsibility so that students are saved from the language of drugs. One example of the information service that is provided to elementary school students in Enrekang Regency is providing a guidebook on the dangers of drug abuse. Intensive socialization of the dangers of drugs by inviting speakers from business groups, officials or educational institutions who understand the dangers of drug use so that students are more aware of the dangers of drug use. The help book can help students in getting more information about the dangers of drug abuse.

Effects of Parent Involvement in First-Grade Students’ Learning Reading and Writing: Views of Elementary School Classroom Teachers

Bu araştırma, ilkokul birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin ilk okuma ve yazma becerilerinin öğrenim süreçlerine aile katılımının etkisinin birinci sınıf öğretmenleri gözünden değerlendirmeyi amaçlayan nitel bir durum araştırması olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya Kars ilinde görev yapmakta olan 43 birinci sınıf öğretmeni katılmıştır. Araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan anket formu ölçme aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler üzerinden betimsel analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularından elde edilen sonuçlarda aile katılımının yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür. Aile katılımının sağlanmasına yönelik yapılan çalışmaların aileler üzerindeki etkisinin yetersiz kaldığına dair görüşlere ulaşılmıştır. Aile katılımının yetersiz kalmasının en büyük etkisi olarak ailelerin beklentilerinin, önceliklerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Aile desteği gören öğrencilerin ise sınıftaki diğer arkadaşları ile arasında olan farklılıkların gözle görülür bir şekilde olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu bulgular yanında ilk okuma ve yazma sürecinin okul ile sınırlı kalmaması, evde de aile tarafından gerekli desteğin verilmesinin daha yararlı olduğu konusunda görüş birliği olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

EXPLORING TEACHERS’ RESEARCH COMPETENCY: INPUTS TO POLICY ENHANCEMENT

Using a convenience sample of 120 elementary, high school and senior high school classroom teachers in a City Schools Division, province of Bulacan, Philippines, the respondents were asked to complete a survey on general research skills and quantitative and qualitative research skills. The study explored the current status of teachers’ research competence. The results and findings of this study will serve as bases for policy enhancement. The policies anchored on concrete and evidence-based viewpoints contribute to successfully developing a culture of research among basic education teachers. As findings of the study reveal the current status of teacher-respondents regarding their research skills, overall numerical rating pegged to be “fair” when interpreted; it reflects a much serious state about their plight. The prerequisite to the successful implementation of research programs for teachers is on the basic assumption that teachers possess the necessary skills to do the task. Also, this is then being enhanced by revisiting teachers’ workload. Moreover, the presence of funding programs for teachers’ research projects exhibits a positive development in strengthening support for teachers’ professional development.

Training teachers to implement physical activity: Applying social cognitive theory

Objective: To evaluate the impact of three types of social cognitive theory (SCT)-based elementary school classroom physical activity (PA) training on teachers’ implementation rates, attitudes, knowledge and behaviour. Design: Key stakeholder focus groups informed development of phase II which took the form of a randomised controlled trial of three different intensities of teacher training to conduct classroom-based PA sessions. Setting: The study was conducted over one school year (2016–2017), across four elementary schools in the USA. Methods: Researchers delivered professional development to teachers, focusing on effective methods for PA use in the classroom through three formats: webinar, in-person training and in-person with personalised assistance. Training content was built on SCT constructs. This study examined the impact of the PA training on SCT construct outcomes among elementary school classroom teachers ( n = 41). Study outcome measures included reciprocal determinism, behavioural capability, outcome expectations and self-efficacy. Over the 12-week period following the training, teachers completed surveys to measure SCT construct outcomes. Results: Results of the intervention demonstrated an increase in teacher self-efficacy and knowledge ( p < .01 and p < .01). There was a significant increase of teachers who started using PA in the classroom who indicated no use at baseline (from 21% to 6% not using). Conclusion: The use of SCT to provide a teacher training is an effective method to increase classroom PA, while improving teacher self-efficacy and knowledge concerning PA implementation.

Students and Teachers’ Metaphors about Classroom Teachers

The purpose of this study is to identify the metaphors that primary, secondary and high school students and classroom teacher candidates and the classroom teachers have regarding their primary school classroom teachers. The phenomenology pattern as one of the qualitative research methods was used in the research. The study group was determined by the purposeful criterion sampling method. The basic criterion in the research is that the participants are in the final grade of elementary, secondary, high school and are in the undergraduate 3rd and 4th grade students classroom teachers education program, and the class teachers who are still working. Participants' answers to the question “My primary school teacher is like ... Because ...” were analyzed both by qualitative and quantitative research methods. According to the findings of the study, 167 metaphors were produced and they were grouped under ten conceptual categories. There were no significant differences in these 10 conceptual categories regarding the elementary, secondary and high school students, university students and classroom teachers. Obtained results point out that the influences of the teachers on the individuals are evident. These results may be shared with faculties of education and help to give the teacher candidates a proper training for educating their students with positive attitudes in the future.

Healthy Reading: Teaching Strategies for Integrating Health and Literacy Education

Across the world, development of health literacy skills with elementary school students improves health outcomes, reduces health risks, and increases academic success. As elementary school classroom teachers are often responsible for delivering the health curriculum to their students, this article examines ways to integrate health literacy with reading instruction. The authors describe learning experiences designed to develop knowledge and skills about nutrition and healthy eating choices in different cultural contexts. Mutual development of reading and health literacy skills leads to development of skills essential for supporting health and academic success. While the innovative strategies described here are designed in the context of U.S. classrooms, teaching health literacy in conjunction with critical literacy skills has global relevance.

Evaluation of Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy implementation in Ontario: surveys of elementary school administrators and teachers.

BackgroundSchool-based structured opportunities for physical activity can provide health-related benefits to children and youth, and contribute to international guidelines recommending 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day. In 2005, the Ministry of Education in Ontario, Canada, released the Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy requiring school boards to “ensure that all elementary students, including students with special needs, have a minimum of twenty minutes of sustained MVPA each school day during instructional time”. This paper reports on the first provincial study evaluating implementation fidelity to the DPA policy in Ontario elementary schools and classrooms. Using an adapted conceptual framework, the study also examined associations between implementation of DPA and a number of predictors in each of these respective settings.MethodsSeparate cross-sectional online surveys were conducted in 2014 with Ontario elementary school administrators and classroom teachers, based on a representative random sample of schools and classrooms. An implementation fidelity score was developed based on six required components of the DPA policy. Other survey items measured potential predictors of implementation at the school and classroom levels. Descriptive analyses included frequency distributions of implementation fidelity and predictor variables. Bivariate analyses examining associations between implementation and predictors included binary logistic regression for school level data and generalized linear mixed models for classroom level data, in order to adjust for school-level clustering effects.ResultsAmong administrators, 61.4 % reported implementation fidelity to the policy at the school level, while 50.0 % of teachers reported fidelity at the classroom level. Several factors were found to be significantly associated with implementation fidelity in both school and classroom settings including: awareness of policy requirements; scheduling; monitoring; use of resources and supports; perception that the policy is realistic and achievable; and specific barriers to implementation.ConclusionsFindings from the surveys indicate incomplete policy implementation and a number of factors significantly associated with implementation fidelity. The results indicate a number of important implications for policy, practice and further research, including the need for additional research to monitor implementation and its predictors, and assess the impacts of study recommendations and subsequent outcomes of a reinvigorated DPA moving forward.

Japanese Elementary School Teachers and English Language Anxiety

Foreign language activities (English) officially began in Japanese elementary schools in April 2011. Since that starting date, and despite insufficient knowledge and preparation, classroom teachers have been required to instruct in English. They also have been required to team‐teach with native‐English‐speaking assistant language teachers. This study examines whether Japanese elementary school teachers have experienced English language anxiety, and if so what factors affect this anxiety. Participants in the study included 133 Japanese elementary school classroom teachers (71 males and 62 females in two school districts) who were responsible for teaching English. They completed the Teacher Foreign Language Anxiety Scale (Horwitz, ) and a background questionnaire. Three teacher trainers also took part in the survey. Results show that a considerable number of elementary school teachers experienced anxiety about English. The main sources of anxiety were lack of confidence regarding English communication and lack of preparation for teaching English. The study reveals that three factors (years of elementary teaching experience, formal training experience, and English proficiency level) significantly affected teachers' anxiety levels.

Chapter 5 Physical Activity Opportunities During the School Day: Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Using Activity Breaks in the Classroom

The purpose of this study was to explore classroom teachers’ perceptions of incorporating physical activity breaks into their classroom and to determine specific features of preferred activity breaks. These perceptions are considered within the conceptual framework of Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP). Twelve elementary and high school classroom teachers from one Indigenous school district participated in the study. The data were collected using semistructured interviews and teachers’ reflective journals and were analyzed inductively by conducting systematic searches for patterns across data types. Emergent themes included: the need for and threats to classroom control; a preference for breaks with connections to academic content; and the importance of implementation ease and student enjoyment. The findings indicated that teachers prefer activity breaks that are easy to manage, quick, academically oriented and enjoyable for students. These findings have practical implications when considering physical education teacher education and professional development that targets classroom teachers.