Elementary Instruments Research Articles

On the Cyclicity of Dilated Systems in Lattices: Multiplicative Sequences, Polynomials, Dirichlet-type Spaces and Algebras

Abstract The aim of these notes is to discuss the completeness of the dilated systems in a most general framework of an arbitrary sequence lattice X, including weighted ℓ p spaces. In particular, general multiplicative and completely multiplicative sequences are treated. After the Fourier–Bohr transformation, we deal with the cyclicity property in function spaces on the corresponding infinite dimensional Reinhardt domain 𝔻 X ∞ \mathbb{D}_X^\infty . Functions with (weakly) dominating free term and (in particular) linearly factorable functions are considered. The most attention is paid to the cases of the polydiscs 𝔻 X ∞ , | ℂ N = 𝔻 N \mathbb{D}_X^\infty ,|{\mathbb{C}^N} = {\mathbb{D}^N} and the ℓ p-unit balls 𝔻 X ∞ , | ℂ N = 𝔹 p N \mathbb{D}_X^\infty ,|{\mathbb{C}^N} = \mathbb{B}_p^N , in particular to Dirichlet-type and Dirichlet–Drury–Arveson-type spaces and algebras, as X = ℓ p ( ℤ + N , ( 1 + α ) s ) X = {\ell ^p}\left( {_ + ^N,{{\left( {1 + \alpha } \right)}^s}} \right)) , s = (s 1, s 2, … ) and X = ℓ p ( ℤ + N , ( α ! | α | ! ) t ( 1 + | α | ) s ) X = {\ell ^p}\left( {\mathbb{Z}_ + ^N,\,\,{{\left( {{{\alpha !} \over {\left| \alpha \right|!}}} \right)}^t}{{\left( {1 + \left| \alpha \right|} \right)}^s}} \right) , s,t ≥ 0, as well as to their infinite variables analogues. We priviledged the largest possible scale of spaces and the most elementary instruments used.

Full waveform inversion for bore reconstruction of woodwind-like instruments

The internal geometry of a wind instrument can be estimated from acoustic measurements. For woodwind instruments, this involves characterizing the inner shape (bore) but also the side holes (dimensions and location). In this study, the geometric parameters are recovered by a gradient-based optimization process, which minimizes the deviation between simulated and measured linear acoustic responses of the resonator for several fingerings through an observable function. The acoustic fields are computed by solving a linear system resulting from the 1D spectral finite elements spatial discretization of the wave propagation equations (including thermo-viscous effects, radiation and side holes). The “full waveform inversion” (FWI) technique exploits the fact that the gradient of the cost function can be computed by solving the same linear system as that of the direct problem but with a different source term. The gradient is computed with better accuracy and less additional cost than with finite-difference. The dependence of the cost function on the choice of the observed quantity, the frequency range and the fingerings used, is first analyzed. Then, the FWI is used to reconstruct, from measured impedances, an elementary instrument with 14 design variables. The results, obtained in about 1 minute on a laptop, are in excellent agreement with the direct geometric measurements.

Discount or premium? Pricing of structured products: An analysis of Chinese market

Structured products combine elementary instruments from the spot and derivative markets. The existing evidence on mature markets shows that structured products are commonly charged with large implicit premiums compared to their theoretical values. However, this paper finds that structured products in Chinese market are, on average, priced closely to their theoretical values, which no longer favors the issuing institution. This is reasonable as the issuing banks' market power in China is relatively low compared to those in mature markets, given three characteristics in Chinese market (the intense competition from Internet finance, strict short-sell constraints, and the lack of secondary market as well as redeemable claims). Specifically, based on a database including 126 structured products with various underlying assets and durations from two main structured products issuing banks in China, this paper finds two more interesting results. First, structured products with call option and double option components are generally issued at a small discount, while most structured products with put options components are issued at a small premium. Second, a significantly negative correlation is also found between implicit premium and duration, indicating that the implicit premium rates of short-term products are higher than those of long-term products. Overall, these findings suggest that issuing banks' market power is weakened by the competitive market and incomplete market structure.

Audiation-Based Improvisation Techniques and Elementary Instrumental Students' Music Achievement

The purpose of this research was to develop and to examine an improvisation curriculum designed to improve the music achievement of elementary school instrumental music students. The specific problems of this study were (a) to investigate the effect of improvisation study on the music achievement of fifth-grade wind and percussion students, and (b) to investigate the effects of various levels of music aptitude on the music achievement of fifth-grade wind and percussion students. Sixty-six fifth-grade students participated in this study. Students who received instruction that included emphasis on improvisation were found to perform at significantly higher achievement levels than students who received instruction without such emphasis. High-aptitude students performed at higher achievement levels than low-aptitude and moderate-aptitude students. The data obtained in this research provide preliminary evidence that improvisation contributes to the improvement of instrumental music performance achievement in elementary students.

Effect of Color-Coded Notation on Music Achievement of Elementary Instrumental Students

In this study, the researcher attempted to determine whether the use of color-coded notation in instructional materials affected students' performance on tasks of performing music from memory, sight-reading, and naming letter names of notes. Ninety-two fifth- and sixth-grade beginning wind players were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group used color-coded method books in which each pitch was highlighted with a different color. The control group used identical materials, but with the notation uncolr ored. All subjects were tested on reading both color-coded and uncolored notation. Results after the 12-week instructional period showed no clear advantage for the experimental group. Group means on the memory task did not differ significantly. Experimental and control group scores did not differ significantly when subjects sight-read the type of notation with which they had been trained, although the experimental group mean was higher. A statistically significant interaction was noted between the treatment and the presentation mode. Similar results were found on the note-naming task. The color-coded materials had a positive affective influence in that 65% of all subjects favored the color-coded notation as easier to play.

Individualized Instruction, Student Achievement, and Dropout in an Urban Elementary Instrumental Music Program

In this study involving fifth- and sixth-grade students in an urban school system, both individual instruction within instrumental music classrooms and student subject variables were examined for their influence on an audiovisual music reading test, a performance sight-reading test, and attrition from the music program. When compared to group instruction, individualized instruction resulted in significantly superior scores on the performance test for students of higher than normal academic reading skills. No other instructional interactions or main effects were found. Of the subject variables used in the analyses, only the students' academic reading achievement and socioeconomic status were able to account consistently for unique and nontrivial proportions of variance in the three dependent variables. Scores on the two measures of achievement and dropout were not predictable by race or sex, and the students' grade level was either a nonsignificant or minor factor in the analysis. Differences in teachers also had virtually no effect on student achievement or attrition.

Inhibition of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans by soluble silver.

Biotechnology and BioengineeringVolume 18, Issue 8 p. 1161-1165 Communications to the EditorFree Access Inhibition of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans by soluble Silver Lee E. Hoffman, Lee E. Hoffman Bunker Hill Company Kellogg, Idaho 83837Search for more papers by this authorJames L. Hendrix, James L. Hendrix Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of Nevada Reno, Nevada 89507Search for more papers by this author Lee E. Hoffman, Lee E. Hoffman Bunker Hill Company Kellogg, Idaho 83837Search for more papers by this authorJames L. Hendrix, James L. Hendrix Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of Nevada Reno, Nevada 89507Search for more papers by this author First published: August 1976 https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260180811Citations: 41AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 I. J. Corrans, B. Harris, and B. J. Ralph, J. S. Afr. Inst. Mining Met., 72, 2221 (1973). 2 O. H. Tuovinen, S. I. Niemela, and H. G. Gyllenberg, Antoine van Leeuwenhoek, 37, 489 (1971). 3 L. Bragg, G. R. Claringbull, and W. H. Taylor, Crystal Structures of Minerals, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 1965. 4 E. E. Malouf, in Second Tutorial Symposium on Extractive Metallurgy, sponsored by the University of Utah, University of Denver and the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Engineers, 1972. 5 A. Bruynensteyn and D. W. Duncan, Can. Met. Quart., 10(1), 57 (1970). 6 A. E. Torma, C. C. Walden, D. W. Duncan, and R. M. R. Branion, Biotechnol Bioeng., 14, 777 (1972). 7 C. G. Wilber, The Biological Aspects of Water Pollution, Charles C Thomas, Springfield, 1969. 8 American Type Culture Collection, The American Type Culture Collection Catalogue of Strains, 11 ed., Rockville, Maryland, 1974. 9 W. W. Leathen, N. A. Kinsel, and S. A. Braley, J. Bacteriol., 72, 700 (1956). 10 M. P. Silverman and D. G. Lundgren, J. Bacteriol., 77, 642 (1958). 11 F. H. Baker, Handbook of Bacteriological Technique, 2nd ed., Butterworth and Co. Ltd., London, 1967. 12 M. Frobisher, Fundamentals of Microbiology, 8th ed., Saunder Co., Philadelphia, 1968, p. 42. 13 Perkin-Elmer Corp, Analytical Methods for Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Norwalk, Connecticut, 1973. 14 A. I. Vogel, A Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, Including Elementary Instrumental Analysis, 3rd ed., Wiley, New York, 1962. Citing Literature Volume18, Issue8August 1976Pages 1161-1165 ReferencesRelatedInformation

The Role of Musical Aptitude, Intelligence, and Academic Achievement in Predicting the Musical Attainment of Elementary Instrumental Music Students

The Role of Musical Aptitude, Intelligence, and Academic Achievement in Predicting the Musical Attainment of Elementary Instrumental Music Students

Causes of Elementary Instrumental Music Dropouts

thirty-three, the average number of years being sis. It was revealed, however, that 12 instrumental music teachers (21go) had only been teaching in the community for one year. Limited teaching ewerience in the community was not given as a cause for dropouts by the music educators theelves. It is reasonable to assume, however, that as a nun acquires more teaching experience his chances of reducing the mortality rate in his particular situation are greater. It was discovered that: 1. Two-fifths (40%o) of the mllsic educators teach vocal music in addition to instrumental music. 2. Nearlythree-fourths (71%0) have a band in each of the schools in which they teach. 3. Less than one-fourth ( 21 6X0 ) have axl orchestra in each of the schools in which they teach. 4. Less than two-fifths (39%0 ) give grades in instrumental music. 5. More than three-fifths (64to) provide instruction on pre-band instruments as a preparation for instrllction on a musical instrument. 6. Less than two-fifths (329) test a student for musical proficiency before instruction on a musical instrument. 7. Nearly everyone (98go) is teachillg in a community where students may rent a musical instrument if they so desire 8. More than four-fifths (86%) provide a summer band program in the communities in which they teach. WHY DO E L E M E N T A R Y students drop out of the instrumental music program in their school? Is there a relation between the percentage of dropouts and a child's choice of a musical mstrument? Does parental attitude affect a student's success with an instrument? A discussion of these and other questions will be found in the following article, which is based on a masterts degree project completed in January, 1963. Since dropout students represent hun^ dreds of lost man-hours of teaching, it was the purpose of this study to determine the causes of elementary instrumental music dropouts in Bergen County by (a) mailing questionnaires and opinionnaires to elementary instrumental music educators in Bergen County, (b) interviewing dildren who dropped out of the elementary instrumental music program during 1961-62 in two suburban communities in Bergen County, and (c) interviewing those parents whose children dropped out of the elementary instrumental music program.

Development of an Elementary Instrumental Music Program

Development of an Elementary Instrumental Music Program

A Text-Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis Including Elementary Instrumental Analysis

A Text-Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis Including Elementary Instrumental Analysis