Electrostatic Shielding Effect Research Articles

Study on the rheological properties and salt resistance mechanism of an amphiphilic polymer with twin-tailed group

Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is the most widely used polymer for oil recovery. Its thickening ability has been severely compromised in high salinity reservoirs. To improve polymer viscosity in high salinity reservoirs, a twin-tailed amphiphilic polymer P(AM/AMPS/DtC18) was developed by radical copolymerization method using AM, AMPS and DtC18 monomers, abbreviated as PAAD18. The contrast polymer P(AM-AMPS) was prepared by the same method and reaction conditions. The structure of PAAD18 was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra (1H NMR). The relationship between its rheological properties and microstructure was studied using rheological analysis and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The mechanism of salt resistance was revealed. The results show that under the condition of XJ reservoir with 98558mg/L and 40℃, the viscosity of PAAD18 with concentration of 2200mg/L is 25 mPa·s. PAAD18 has better temperature and salt resistance than HPAM and P(AM-AMPS). P(AM-AMPS) has better temperature resistance and salt resistance than HPAM. The salinity ranges from 0 to 5 × 104mg/L, the viscosity of PAAD18 is reduced due to the action of electrostatic shielding. At a salinity of 5 × 104mg/L, the electrostatic shielding effect and the hydrophobic association effect reach a balanced point, and the solution viscosity is the lowest. The salinity increases from 5 × 104mg/L to 15 × 104mg/L, then the hydrophobic association is enhanced due to the increased polarity of the solution. It was found that the polymer network structure of PAAD18 was more complex, the viscosity of the solution increased instead. The salt thickening properties were demonstrated in the rheology measurement. This work provides a new material for polymer flooding technology in high salinity reservoirs, with good application potential and guiding significance.

Dual ion regulation enables High-Coulombic-efficiency lithium metal batteries

Lithium (Li) metal batteries are ideal alternatives for pursuing high-energy-density batteries. Nevertheless, their subpar cycling capabilities and safety problems remain a significant concern because of the insufficient reversibility of Li plating/stripping processes. Herein, potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate (KOTf) is proposed as an electrolyte additive to achieve high Coulombic efficiency during cycling, which could be assigned to the synergistic regulation effect of anions and cations in KOTf. On the one hand, the OTf- helps form an anion-rich solvation structure, which could be preferentially reduced to obtain a robust and conductive inorganic-rich SEI film to stabilize the lithium metal anode. On the other hand, the existence of K+ induces the generation of K+-rich positive charge shielding layer, further hindering the growth of Li dendrite. The KOTf-assisted Li||Cu cell shows a high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.7% and an extremely long-cycle life of 700 cycles with an average CE of 99.01% under 0.5mAcm-2 and 0.5 mAh cm-2. The excellent lithium metal stripping/plating efficiency is mainly due to the OTf--derived inorganic-rich SEI and the electrostatic shielding effect of K+. This work emphasizes the important role of salts’ anions and cations in determining the CE of LMBs and provides an effective strategy to improve the cycling performance of LMBs.

Experimental and theoretical analysis of loading characteristics of electret filter media for charged particles

The degradation of filtration performance in electret filter media during usage poses a significant challenge. Pre-charging of aerosols has been identified as an effective method to mitigate this issue. However, the effects of particle charging characteristics on the loading characteristics of electret filters still need a comprehensive understanding. In this study, a needle-cylinder corona charger was employed to pre-charge aerosols, and the particle charge state was determined by multiphysics simulation. The effects of particle charge polarity and charge quantity on the loading performance of the electret filter were quantitatively investigated. The results showed that the particle charge polarity had a negligible impact on the loading performance under the condition of the equivalent particle charge quantity. In addition, the charged particles effectively improved the efficiency degradation during the loading process of electret media, with higher charge quantities resulting in more pronounced improvements. The electrostatic attenuation factor showed a negative exponential correlation with the particle charge quantity. This was attributed to the uneven particle deposition on fiber surface due to the attraction of charged particles by the opposite charges on the electret fibers, which alleviated the effect of electrostatic shielding.

Multifunctional polyzwitterion ionic liquid based solid-state electrolytes for enhancing the low-temperature performance of lithium-metal batteries

The extensive development of solid-state batteries (SSB) is still hindered by their insufficient charge transfer kinetics and severe interfacial problems at low temperatures. In this paper, a polyzwitterion ionic liquid based solid-state electrolyte (SSE) containing fluoroalkyl side chains is developed. The Lewis acid segment in the polymer backbone enhances the dissociation of lithium salts and modulates the Li+ transport. The experimental results showed that the −SO3- groups at the end of the zwitterions constructed a fast ion transport pathway, and the fluoroalkyl side chain can weaken the affinity between Li+ and the coupling site. In addition, the electrostatic shielding effect of zwitterions at the interface mitigated the tip effect, and the fluorinated alkyl side chains participated in the SEI film formation. As a result, the ionic conductivity of the designed electrolyte is as high as 1.39 × 10-4 S cm−1 at −30 °C, and the polarization rate of Li||Li symmetric battery at −10 °C is about 80 mV after 4000 h. The assembled Li||LiFePO4 pouch full cell delivers impressive performance in the wide temperature range from –23 to 99 °C. The proposed strategy has considerable potential for SSB application at low temperatures.

Interfacial Domino Effect Triggered by β-Alanine Cations Realized Highly Reversible Zinc-Metal Anodes.

Realizing durative dense, dendrite-free, and no by-product deposition configuration on Zn anodes is crucial to solving the short circuit and premature failure of batteries, which is simultaneously determined by the Zn interface chemistry, electro-reduction kinetics, mass transfer process, and their interaction. Herein, this work unmasks a domino effect of the β-alanine cations (Ala+) within the hydrogel matrix, which effectively triggers the subsequent electrostatic shielding and beneficial knock-on effects via the specifical adsorption earliest event on the Zn anode surface. The electrostatic shielding effect regulates the crystallographic energetic preference of Zn deposits and retards fast electro-reduction kinetics, thereby steering stacked stockier block morphology and realizing crystallographic optimization. Meanwhile, the mass transfer rate of Zn2+ ions was accelerated via the SO4 2- anion immobilized caused by Ala+ in bulk electrolyte, finally bringing the balance between electroreduction kinetics and mass transfer process, which enables dendrite-free Zn deposition behavior. Concomitantly, the interfacial adsorbed Ala+ cations facilitate the electrochemical reduction of interfacial SO4 2- anions to form the inorganic-organic hybrid solid electrolyte interphase layer. The above domino effects immensely improve the utilization efficiency of Zn anodes and long-term stability, as demonstrated by the 12 times longer life of Zn||Zn cells (3650 h) and ultrahigh Coulombic efficiency (99.4 %).

Proton-driven bilateral interfacial chemistry and electrolyte structure reconstruction enable highly reversible zinc metal anodes

Uncontrolled dendrite growth, severe parasitic reactions on the Zn metal anode (ZMA), and the dissolution of cathode active materials have significantly limited the development of aqueous zinc ion batteries. Herein, 3-(Cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS) featured with zwitterion as a multifunctional additive is introduced into the 2 M ZnSO4 aqueous electrolyte to simultaneously regulate the interfacial chemistry of the Zn anode and the cathode, as well as the solvated structure of Zn2+, thereby improving the interfacial and structural stability of both electrodes. Thereinto, the preferentially adsorbed CAPS zwitterion onto the ZMA surface favors for constructing a cationic protective layer originated from the electrostatic shielding effect of the cationic group (>NH2+), inhibiting the growth of dendrites. Meanwhile, the CAPS zwitterion can self-regulate the bilateral interfacial pH by forming the conjugate acid-base pair, suppressing hydrogen evolution reaction and Zn anode surface corrosion. Additionally, the CAPS zwitterion alters the solvated structure of Zn2+, weakening H2O molecule activity and reducing the dissolution of vanadium element from cathode. Consequently, the Zn||Zn symmetric cells harvest excellent cycling stability (1 mA cm−2, 1 mAh cm−2, 2300 h), and the Zn||Cu asymmetric cells display a high average Coulombic Efficiency of 99.7 % after 1600 cycles in the ZnSO4+CAPS electrolyte.

Propagation effect of lightning electromagnetic field along real ground surface and its validation on correcting lightning location system errors

Artificially triggered lightning experimental data from Guangdong Comprehensive Observation Experimental Base on Lightning Discharge (GCOELD) was applied to analyze the propagation effect of lightning electromagnetic field along the real ground surface. The accuracy of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) on correcting lightning location system (LLS) errors was validated compared with the Elevation Model (EM). Results show that the wave-shape and time-delay of electromagnetic fields can be significantly affected when they propagate over the real ground surface. The time-delay of the field waveform become larger with an increasing roughness. The wavefront electric field is enhanced due to the reflection and variant of the wave when lightning waves propagate across the high and sharp terrain. Near the lightning strokes, the peak of vertical electric value decreases significantly with the electrostatic shielding effect. The max time delay calculated by FDTD is 8.34 μs; while that by EM is 6.55 μs. In the selected nine lightning stroke points, eight are positively revised by EM, and five by FDTD. Both FDTD and EM can be used on LLS error revision caused by the real ground surface around GCOELD, although EM is more efficient than FDTD in this case.

Synchronous regulation on solvation structure and interface engineering to enable reversible magnesium metal batteries

Magnesium (Mg) metal anodes are highly regarded as one of ideal substitutes for lithium (Li) metal anodes owing to their exceptional volumetric capacity, remarkable safety property, and abundant crustal reserves. However, the development of Mg batteries is severely impeded by the limited availability of electrolyte types, particularly non-nucleophilic ones. Mg(TFSI)2-based electrolyte is a recently discovered type of electrolyte which is non-nucleophilic, easily prepared, and highly stable. Nevertheless, due to its challenging de-solvation process and unexpected passivation interlayers, it is not performing as well electrochemically and requires effective modification. Here, organic amine dihydrochlorides (NCxN·2HCl) are selected as additives to Mg(TFSI)2-based electrolytes to regulate solvation structure and electrode interlayer synchronously. It helps rearrange the solvation sheath of Mg2+ and forms a Mg2+-permeable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the surface of anode, facilitating the kinetic. Amine cations could also guide uniform Mg2+ deposition through electrostatic shielding effects. After experiments and simulations, ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NCCN·2HCl) stands out, contributing to a significantly reduced overpotential (< 0.2 V), realizing about 100 % coulombic efficiency and stable long-term full cell cycling for an impressive 2400 cycles.

SEI/dead Li-turning capacity loss for high-performance anode-free solid-state lithium batteries

Anode-free solid-state lithium metal batteries (AF-SSLBs) have the potential to deliver higher energy density and improved safety beyond lithium-metal batteries. However, the unclear mechanism for the fast capacity decay in AF-SSLBs, either determined by dead Li or solid electrolyte interface (SEI), limits the proposal of effective strategies to prolong cycling life. To clarify the underlying mechanism, herein, the evolution of SEI and dead Li is quantitatively analyzed by a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ss-NMR) technology in a typical LiPF6-based polymer electrolyte. The results show that the initial capacity loss is attributed to the formation of SEI, while the dead Li dominates the following capacity loss and the growth rate is 0.141 mA h cm−2 cycle−1. To reduce the active Li loss, the combination of inorganic-rich SEI and self-healing electrostatic shield effect is proposed to improve the reversibility of Li deposition/dissolution behavior, which reduces the capacity loss rate for the initial SEI and following dead Li generation by 2.3 and 20.1 folds, respectively. As a result, the initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and stable CE increase by 15.1% and 15.3% in Li-Cu cells, which guides the rational design of high-performance AF-SSLBs.

A Multifunctional Additive Based on the Cation-Anion Synergistic Effect for Highly Stable Zinc Metal Anodes.

The Zn dendrite and hydrogen evolution reaction have been a "stubborn illness" for the life span of zinc anodes, which significantly hinders the development of aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs). Herein, considering the ingenious molecular structure, a multifunctional additive based on the synergistic regulation of cations and anions at the interface is designed to promote a dendrite-free and stable Zn anode. Theoretical calculations and characterization results verified that the electrostatic shield effect of the cation, the solvation sheath structure, and the bilayer structural solid electrolyte film (SEI) jointly account for the uniform Zn deposition and side reaction suppression. Ultimately, a remarkably high average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.4% is achieved in the Zn||Cu cell for 300 cycles, and a steady charge/discharge cycling over 3000 and 300 h at 1.0 mA cm-2/1.0 mAh cm-2 and 10 mA cm-2/10 mAh cm-2 is obtained in the Zn||Zn cell. Furthermore, the assembled full battery demonstrates a prolonged cycle life of 2000 cycles.

Bifunctional Zn2+-solvation structure electrolyte for highly reversible zinc anodes

Aqueous zinc batteries exhibit promises for energy storage systems because of their attractive advantages including low cost and high safety. However, Zn anodes often face challenges such as water-induced side reactions and dendritic growth. Here, we present an electrolyte engineering with bifunctional Zn2+-solvation structures to solve these problems. 1) The coordination between anions and Zn2+ neutralizes the Zn2+-solvation structure, creating an electrostatic shielding effect that hinders dendritic growth on the Zn surface. 2) The original H-bond networks between water molecules are replaced by the abundant O-H∙∙∙Cl- H-bond networks through the electrostatic confinement, thus capable of reducing the water activity. Moreover, the electrolyte endows the Zn anode with fast plating/stripping behaviors owing to its enhanced ionic migration kinetics. Consequently, the Zn‖Zn cell maintains a high Coulombic efficiency (99.6 %) after 600 cycles. The assembled Zn‖PANI hybrid capacitor exhibits improved electrochemical reversibility and cycling stability over 2000 cycles. This work offers valuable insights into the development of electrolyte design strategies for advanced aqueous energy-storage devices.

Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anode via Oriented Plating with Alkaline Earth Metal Ion Additives

AbstractThe cost‐effectiveness and environmentally friendly nature of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have garnered significant attention. Nevertheless, obstacles such as dendrite growth and side reactions have hindered their practical application. Here, an alkaline earth metal ion, strontium ions (Sr2+), is chosen as a dual‐functional electrolyte additive to improve the reversibility of ZIBs. Importantly, Sr2+ ions adsorb on the anode surface, creating a dynamic electrostatic shield layer, thus regulating the Zn2+ deposition behavior and suppressing side reactions. Meanwhile, Sr2+ ions prefer to adsorb on (002) and (110) planes of Zn, thus inducing the preferential deposition of (100) crystal plane and achieving dendrite‐free zinc anode. Consequently, the assembled Zn||Zn symmetric battery delivers an ultralong lifespan of 3500 h, and the Zn||Ti asymmetric battery shows a superior Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% for Zn stripping/plating at 2 mA cm−2. Further, the Zn||NH4V4O10 battery presents an excellent retention of 97.7% over 800 cycles under 2 A g−1. This research introduces a novel alkaline earth metal ion electrolyte additive and establishes its persistent dynamic electrostatic shielding effect and preferentially oriented (100) plane plating, ensuring dendrite‐free zinc deposition. These findings chart a course for further exploration of unexplored alkaline earth elements in enhancing metal battery technologies.

Interfacial Dual‐Modulation via Cationic Electrostatic Shielding and Anionic Preferential Adsorption toward Planar and Reversible Zinc Electrodeposition

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with low cost and high safety arouse most promises as next‐generation energy storage configurations. Yet the heterogeneous electric field distributions and interfacial side reactions are considered stumbling roadblocks toward the commercialization of ZIBs. Here, these challenges via cationic electrostatic shielding and anionic preferential adsorption by sodium gluconate (SG) additive are addressed. The polar functional groups (─COO−) of SG anions preferentially anchor to the Zn anode, which can alter Zn2+ migration pathways and restrain side reactions. Moreover, as per the smaller effective reduction potential, the separated cations (Na+) from SG serve as a dynamic armor to provide strong electrostatic shielding effect for uniform Zn2+ deposition on the [002] crystal plane, radically eliminating Zn dendrite growth and promoting anti‐corrosion behaviors of Zn. Consequently, the Zn//Zn symmetric cell with modified electrolyte confers a lifespan of up to 600 h at a high 80% depth of discharge. Furthermore, even under a record‐low negative/positive ratio of 2.11 and lean electrolyte of 30 µL mAh−1, the Zn//VOX full cell remains enhanced capacity retention of 84.37% even after 800 cycles at 1 A g−1. This work develops an interfacial dual‐modulation strategy and provides unique insights to enlighten the practical application of ZIBs.

Improved RF power performance via electrostatic shielding effect using AlGaN/GaN/graded-AlGaN/GaN double-channel structure

Improved RF power performance via electrostatic shielding effect using AlGaN/GaN/graded-AlGaN/GaN double-channel structure

Ionic strength and anion‐specificity effects on the interfacial behavior of double hydrophilic block copolymer PNIPAM‐b‐POEGA

AbstractIn our prior paper, surface micelles with the core‐shell‐petal structure of the double hydrophilic block copolymer poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐block‐poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) acrylate] (PNIPAM‐b‐POEGA) were successfully evaluated. In this work, ionic strength (under acidic conditions) and anion‐specificity effects (under neutral conditions) on the aggregation behavior of PNIPAM‐b‐POEGA at the air/water interface and the morphologies of its Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films were systematically studied. Under acidic conditions, the salting‐out effect prevails over the electrostatic shielding effect, and the amide group shells with a slight protonation degree are covered up by the large POEGA petals. Under neutral conditions, the stretching degrees of POEGA blocks at low/moderate salt concentrations are close. At high salt concentrations, the isotherms gradually shift to large molecular areas in the order of the NaCl, Na2SO4, NaNO3, and NaSCN cases. The hysteresis degrees of the monolayers increase with the increase of salt concentrations due to the gradually increased interfacial stretching degree and compression‐induced underwater solubility of POEGA blocks. All the initial LB films of PNIPAM‐b‐POEGA exhibit isolated circular micelles with small cores. Upon compression, the LB films exhibit slightly large micelles because of the possible coalescence of some neighboring cores.

Build a High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium Battery through Introducing Competitive Coordination Induction Effect in Polymer‐Based Electrolyte

AbstractPolymer‐inorganic composite electrolytes (PICE) have attracted tremendous attention in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) due to facile processability. However, the poor Li+ conductivity at room temperature (RT) and interfacial instability severely hamper the practical application. Herein, we propose a concept of competitive coordination induction effects (CCIE) and reveal the essential correlation between the local coordination structure and the interfacial chemistry in PEO‐based PICE. CCIE introduction greatly enhances the ionic conductivity and electrochemical performances of ASSLBs at 30 °C. Owing to the competitive coordination (Cs+…TFSI−…Li+, Cs+…C−O−C…Li+ and 2,4,6‐TFA…Li…TFSI−) from the competitive cation (Cs+ from CsPF6) and molecule (2,4,6‐TFA: 2,4,6‐trifluoroaniline), a multimodal weak coordination environment of Li+ is constructed enabling a high efficient Li+ migration at 30 °C (Li+ conductivity: 6.25×10−4 S cm−1; tLi+=0.61). Since Cs+ tends to be enriched at the interface, TFSI− and PF6− in situ form LiF‐Li3N‐Li2O‐Li2S enriched solid electrolyte interface with electrostatic shielding effects. The assembled ASSLBs without adding interfacial wetting agent exhibit outstanding rate capability (LiFePO4: 147.44 mAh g−1@1 C and 107.41mAhg−1@2 C) and cycling stability at 30 °C (LiFePO4:94.65 %@200cycles@0.5 C; LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2: 94.31 %@200 cycles@0.3 C). This work proposes a concept of CCIE and reveals its mechanism in designing PICE with high ionic conductivity as well as high interfacial compatibility at near RT for high‐performance ASSLBs.

Build a High-Performance All-Solid-State Lithium Battery through Introducing Competitive Coordination Induction Effect in Polymer-Based Electrolyte.

Polymer-inorganic composite electrolytes (PICE) have attracted tremendous attention in all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) due to facile processability. However, the poor Li+ conductivity at room temperature (RT) and interfacial instability severely hamper the practical application. Herein, we propose a concept of competitive coordination induction effects (CCIE) and reveal the essential correlation between the local coordination structure and the interfacial chemistry in PEO-based PICE. CCIE introduction greatly enhances the ionic conductivity and electrochemical performances of ASSLBs at 30 °C. Owing to the competitive coordination (Cs+…TFSI-…Li+, Cs+…C-O-C…Li+ and 2,4,6-TFA…Li…TFSI-) from the competitive cation (Cs+ from CsPF6) and molecule (2,4,6-TFA: 2,4,6-trifluoroaniline), a multimodal weak coordination environment of Li+ is constructed enabling a high efficient Li+ migration at 30 °C (Li+ conductivity: 6.25×10-4 S cm-1; tLi +=0.61). Since Cs+ tends to be enriched at the interface, TFSI- and PF6 - in situ form LiF-Li3N-Li2O-Li2S enriched solid electrolyte interface with electrostatic shielding effects. The assembled ASSLBs without adding interfacial wetting agent exhibit outstanding rate capability (LiFePO4: 147.44 mAh g-1@1 C and 107.41mAhg-1@2 C) and cycling stability at 30 °C (LiFePO4:94.65 %@200cycles@0.5 C; LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2: 94.31 %@200 cycles@0.3 C). This work proposes a concept of CCIE and reveals its mechanism in designing PICE with high ionic conductivity as well as high interfacial compatibility at near RT for high-performance ASSLBs.

Lithium magnesium silicate nanoparticles with unique cation acceleration channels as Li-ion rectifiers for stabilizing Li metal batteries

Lithium metal anodes possessing a high theoretical specific capacity and low redox potential are considered the most promising materials for high-energy-density Li metal batteries (LMBs). However, safety concerns due to the growth of lithium dendrites and short-cycle lifetime issues due to more side reactions have hindered the practical implementation of LMBs. To alleviate the above problems and further improve the safeness and cycling stability of LMBs, a Li-Nafion@Laponite-XLG@PP (LNLX@PP) based functional separator is proposed. The as-optimized functional separator (LNLX-30@PP) not only has high ionic conductivity (8.4 × 10−4 S cm−1), Li+ transfer number (0.8), and high mechanical properties, but also induces the formation of a strong LiF-rich SEI and hinders anionic shuttling through electrostatic shielding effects. As a result, the Li|LNLX-30@PP |Li symmetric cells can stably cycle for 650 h under high current density (2 mA cm−2) and high charge-discharge capacity (4 mA h cm−2). Furthermore, this approach enables more than 1000 cycles at 3 C with high coulomb efficiency of 99.9 % in LFP||Li coin cells and achieve an actual initial energy density of 322 Wh kg−1 and more than 100 stable cycles at 0.2 C in an assembled Li-S pouch cell with S loading of ∼9.3 mg cm−2. This work will inspire the design of hybrid functional separators for advanced Li metal batteries.

Electrostatic shielding effects and binding energy shifts and topological phases of bilayer molybdenum chalcogenides

AbstractBy combining binding energy and bond‐charge (BBC) model and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the electrostatic shielding effects and binding energy shifts of bilayer MoS2, MoSe2, and MoTe2 are studied. In this study, the bilayer MoS2, MoSe2, and MoTe2 had bandgaps of 1.38, 1.28, and 1.01 eV, respectively. It is found that electrostatic shielding by electron exchange is the main cause of density fluctuation and determine the bonding state. We found that the edge polarization exactly vanishes after the bulk phase transition, just as we saw the corner‐localized modes disappear in a system with full open boundaries of bilayer MoTe2. Finally, this study establishes a method for calculating the lattice density with Green's function with energy level shift and provides new methods and ideas for the further study of the electrostatic shielding, bond states and topological phases of nanomaterials.

Modulation of molecular state and air-water interface adsorption behavior of ovalbumin via interference with its surrounding charge distribution

Herein, pH combined with ionic strength was employed to modulate the charge distribution around ovalbumin molecules, and the whole process (from the water phase to the interface) of film formation and stabilization of ovalbumin at the air-water interface was further analyzed. As the pH continuously rose above the isoelectric point, the molecular surface charge increased. More cations, however, reduced the surface charge through the electrostatic shielding effect. The pH and cationic strength were shown to have a remarkable effect on the aggregate size. Intrinsic fluorescence and excitation emission matrix spectroscopy indicated that the migration of tryptophan and tyrosine was accompanied by a change in the backbone structure and rearrangement of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic side chains. Interfacial adsorption kinetic analysis revealed that low pH and ionic strength generally favored the adsorption and stabilization of ovalbumin. Lissajous plots confirmed that stronger intra-interfacial interactions and viscoelastic-like solid interfaces would be generated under the above conditions. Interfacial dilatational rheology analysis illustrated that in most cases, the interfacial film formed by ovalbumin was dominated by an elastic response and produced a nonlinear viscoelastic response under strain. Overall, the combined effect of low pH (pH 5.0) and ionic strength (25 mmol/L and 50 mmol/L) on the surface charge resulted in superior foam capacity (60.00% for pH 5.0 and 50 mmol/L) and stability (97.87% for pH 5.0 and 25 mmol/L). This study detailed the mechanism by which charge influenced the molecular and interfacial properties of ovalbumin, leading the way for the development of protein-based foam systems.