Electronics Research Institute Research Articles

Analysis of Managerial Efficiency According to the Support System: Based on Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute’s Startups

Analysis of Managerial Efficiency According to the Support System: Based on Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute’s Startups

Opioid Administration Practice Patterns in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure Who Undergo Invasive Mechanical Ventilation.

The opioid crisis is impacting people across the country and deserves attention to be able to curb the rise in opioid-related deaths. To evaluate practice patterns in opioid infusion administration and dosing for patients with acute respiratory failure receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. Retrospective cohort study. Patients from 21 hospitals in Kaiser Permanente Northern California and 96 hospitals in Philips electronic ICU Research Institute. We assessed whether patients received opioid infusion and the dose of said opioid infusion. We identified patients with a diagnosis of acute respiratory failure who were initiated on invasive mechanical ventilation. From each patient, we determined if opioid infusions were administered and, among those who received an opioid infusion, the median daily dose of fentanyl infusion. We used hierarchical regression models to quantify variation in opioid infusion use and the median daily dose of fentanyl equivalents across hospitals. We included 13,140 patients in the KPNC cohort and 52,033 patients in the eRI cohort. A total of 7,023 (53.4%) and 16,311 (31.1%) patients received an opioid infusion in the first 21 days of mechanical ventilation in the KPNC and eRI cohorts, respectively. After accounting for patient- and hospital-level fixed effects, the hospital that a patient was admitted to explained 7% (95% CI, 3-11%) and 39% (95% CI, 28-49%) of the variation in opioid infusion use in the KPNC and eRI cohorts, respectively. Among patients who received an opioid infusion, the median daily fentanyl equivalent dose was 692 µg (interquartile range [IQR], 129-1341 µg) in the KPNC cohort and 200 µg (IQR, 0-1050 µg) in the eRI cohort. Hospital explained 4% (95% CI, 1-7%) and 20% (95% CI, 15-26%) of the variation in median daily fentanyl equivalent dose in the KPNC and eRI cohorts, respectively. In the context of efforts to limit healthcare-associated opioid exposure, our findings highlight the considerable opioid exposure that accompanies mechanical ventilation and suggest potential under and over-treatment with analgesia. Our results facilitate benchmarking of hospitals' analgesia practices against risk-adjusted averages and can be used to inform usual care control arms of analgesia and sedation clinical trials.

Degradation and energy performance evaluation of mono-crystalline photovoltaic modules in Egypt

Degradation reduces the capability of solar photovoltaic (PV) production over time. Studies on PV module degradation are typically based on time-consuming and labor-intensive accelerated or field experiments. Understanding the modes and methodologies of degradation is critical to certifying PV module lifetimes of 25 years. Both technological and environmental conditions affect the PV module degradation rate. This paper investigates the degradation of 24 mono-crystalline silicon PV modules mounted on the rooftop of Egypt's electronics research institute (ERI) after 25 years of outdoor operation. Degradation rates were determined using the module's performance ratio, temperature losses, and energy yield. Visual inspection, I–V characteristic measurement, and degradation rate have all been calculated as part of the PV evaluation process. The results demonstrate that the modules' maximum power ({P}_{max}) has decreased in an average manner by 23.3% over time. The degradation rates of short-circuit current ({I}_{sc}) and maximum current ({I}_{m}) are 12.16% and 7.2%, respectively. The open-circuit voltage ({V}_{oc}), maximum voltage ({V}_{m}), and fill factor (FF) degradation rates are 2.28%, 12.16%, and 15.3%, respectively. The overall performance ratio obtained for the PV system is 85.9%. After a long time of operation in outdoor conditions, the single diode model's five parameters are used for parameter identification of each module to study the effect of aging on PV module performance.

A 237 GHz Traveling Wave Tube for Cloud Radar

In this article, the first 237 GHz traveling wave tube (TWT) is presented as a high-power amplifier for the terahertz (THz) cloud radar. As is common with previous G-band traveling wave tubes developed at Beijing Vacuum Electronics Research Institute, the 237 GHz traveling wave tube employs a 20 kV, 50 mA pencil electron beam focused using periodic permanent magnets (PPMs) to achieve compactness. A folded waveguide (FWG) slow-wave structure (SWS) with modified circular bends is optimized to provide high impedance and eliminate sideband oscillations. Limited by insufficient drive power, this device is not saturated. The measured maximum output power and gain are 8.9 W and 35.7 dB, and the 3 dB gain bandwidth achieves 4 GHz.

Development of core technology for reconfigurable FET based on bulk CMOS

Although silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies can help improve the performance of semiconductor devices, they have drawbacks, including high manufacturing cost and low productivity. Dr Dongwoo Suh, Materials and Components Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, is working to overcome these limitations. His research concerns the development of core technology for reconfigurable field-effect transistors (RFETs) based on bulk complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and he and his collaborators have developed a new technique that could help advance the field of semiconductor devices. In recent work, Suh and the team have applied an existing technique called epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) to the development of reconfigurable transistors. The researchers were able to form a large, high-quality SOI layer on a silicon wafer by combining ELO with a conventional chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process. By doing this, the team created a growth process of crystalline semiconductor on amorphous substrate with applications to advanced silicon transistors. By combining ELO with reconfigurable transistors and their logic gates the researchers are maximising the potential that RFETs hold for electronics. They believe that their technique can be used in advanced silicon transistors to create more advanced transistors with desirable characteristics.

Impact of time resolution averaging analysis on integrated photovoltaic with office buildings and grid interaction metrics: Case study

The matching of the photovoltaic (PV) power generation profile with that of the office building is very vital to improving the self-consumption index and the building’s self-sufficiency degree. This study focuses on grid interaction and load matching metrics of office building integrated PV systems. The test system in this study is an 8 kWp grid connected PV system located at the Electronics Research Institute (ERI), Giza, Egypt. Different data on the PV inverter output side and those between the load and the grid are measured at different time steps to investigate the effect of the different time steps on the performance and sizing of the utilized PV array, through estimating the maximum PV power and the load power, as well as the metrics that measure the proper match between the grid interaction and the load. The entire process is based on the application of time series clustering as a data-driven technique in order to examine the average PV and load power profiles. In addition, two technique, which are time series clustering and trailing moving average, are used to compare the resulted hourly average PV output powers for the considered different time steps. Finally, the results of the estimated capacity factor and self-consumption/sufficiency metrics of the considered PV system are indicated to significantly affect the optimal size of the utilized PV array by satisfying the desired requirements of the net zero energy buildings and enhancing the performance of the utilized PV system.

Bridging the Gap in the Technology Commercialization Process: Using a Three-Stage Technology–Product–Market Model

This study proposes a new “three-stage technology–product–market” model to analyze the technology commercialization process. This model revises the technology acceptance model to more accurately consider the market potential of new technologies from a consumer perspective. This approach can be used to supplement developers’ own evaluations of technology. To test the model empirically, an online survey of 350 end users was conducted regarding their intention to purchase the “Wireless USB,” which uses “Zing” technology and was developed by the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute. The data was used to test the model using a structural equations approach. We indirectly confirmed the existence of gaps in the technology commercialization process by verifying the mediating effects of the productization stage. Results suggest that end users may not purchase a product, even if they perceive the technology to be innovative; the product purchase intention is significantly influenced by its perceived value. Therefore, developers must understand the concept of technology value for productization in order to refine a technology according to market demand.

Effective metadata management in exascale file system

This paper presents an effective method of managing metadata in exascale file systems. In order to store exponentially growing numbers of files, numerous methods for distributing and managing metadata have been suggested and developed. However, these methods have not provided an appropriate solution for managing a very large amount of metadata because they do not overcome two significant challenges in exascale file systems: (1) nonlinear performance scalability and (2) performance degradation over time. We propose an effective metadata management model and high-performance metadata management system that not only overcome these limitations but also provide a foundation for managing exascale metadata in a distributed file system. The resulting implementation of our metadata management system is the core of EEFS, an exascale distributed file system by the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute. The evaluation results show that the critical challenges of existing metadata management technologies are overcome and particularly that the performance is not degraded even when the amount of accumulated metadata increases with time.

Conceptual Design of a 5 T 200 mm 1 T/s Ramping NbTi Synchrotron Magnet for Cancer Treatment

Recently, a collaborative research to develop an allsuperconducting synchrotron system for cancer treatment was embarked by a team led by Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute in Korea. The system requires a 5 T dipole magnet with a uniform field region in cylindrical shape of 130 mm in diameter and 3000 mm in length, and operates at a ramping rate of 1 T/s. As the first step of the project, this paper presents a conceptual design of the magnet that consists of six single-layer cosine windings made of the NbTi Rutherford cable. Key design results include: (1) spatial field uniformity, ΔB/B <; 2 x 10 -4 within a target space of |r| <; 65 mm; (2) total ac loss of the entire coils, 297 J per cycle for a normal operation of 1 T → 5 T → 1 T at the 1 T/s ramping rate; (3) ac-loss-oriented cryogenic load of 23 W; (4) peak temperature of 4.9 K within the magnet during the consecutive normal operation; (5) enthalpy margin of 2.1 mJ/cm 3 with the current sharing temperature of 5.65 K; and (6) adiabatic temperature rise of 87 K upon a quench.

Harmonics assessment and mathematical modeling of power quality parameters for low voltage grid connected photovoltaic systems

Since the penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in the Low Voltage (LV) distribution network is increasing, the need to characterize and model the effect of these systems on power quality parameters is an up-to-date issue. Also, the reactive power capability of PV inverter should be defined and discussed. This research presents and investigates the experimental measurements of power quality parameters in-field on 8 kWp PV system connected to the LV distribution network in Electronics Research Institute, Egypt. This research aims to investigate unity power factor and constant reactive power functions as two different operation modes of PV inverter based on the measurements at PV inverter output and the grid point without local loads at off days of the governmental building in order to avoid load effects on the PV inverter parameters. Field measurement data were recorded using the power quality analyzer CA8335. Statistical analysis of each harmonic, power factor and total harmonic distortion are analyzed and presented under different loading conditions and two different functions of the PV inverter. The focus is set on the characterization of the relationship between current harmonics of PV inverter and voltage harmonics prevailing in LV system. It is found that the PV inverter presents high current total harmonic distortion levels at power levels below its rated value. This paper proposes mathematical models in order to characterize the current total harmonic distortion and the power factor at two different operation modes. The accuracy of the proposed empirical models was compared with previous research studies and presented the highest accurate results. The presented results are useful for the manufacturer of the tested PV inverter.

Fabrication of Multi-Electrode Array with Iridium Oxide-Electrodeposited on Indium-Tin Oxides Nanowires

Event Abstract Back to Event Fabrication of Multi-Electrode Array with Iridium Oxide-Electrodeposited on Indium-Tin Oxides Nanowires Yonghee KIM1, SNAG-DON JUNG1*, Ho Koo2 and Min Sun Kim2 1 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Republic of Korea 2 Wonkwang University, Department of Physiology, Republic of Korea Multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) were fabricated with electrodes consisting of iridium oxide (IrOx) electrodeposited on indium-tin oxide nanowires (ITO NWs) grown on ITO electrode using RF magnetron sputtering technique. The elemental mapping analysis of the cross-sectional structure of the IrOx/ITO NW hybrid electrodes revealed that the IrOx had been uniformly deposited on the surface of the surface of ITO nanowire. The charge injection limit of the IrOx/ITO NW MEA was estimated to be 1.9 mC cm-2 by measuring the voltage transient, and this value is sufficiently greater than the neural damage threshold (ca. 1 mC cm-2). The efficacy of the improvement in the charge injection limit of the IrOx/ITO NW MEA was evaluated with rat hippocampal slices. The IrOx/ITO NW electrodes exhibited a steeper increase in the negative peak amplitude of the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials, even with an electrical stimulation of a lower amplitude, prolonged negative fEPSPs wave after peak response, all of which strongly indicate an improved charge injection for the IrOx/ITO NW MEA. Acknowledgements This work was supported by ETRI (18ZH1500). Keywords: Indium-tin oxide nanowire, electrodeposited iridium oxide, multielectrode array, Electrical Stimulation, Charge injection limit, Field excitatory postsynaptic potential, Long-Term Potentiation Conference: MEA Meeting 2018 | 11th International Meeting on Substrate Integrated Microelectrode Arrays, Reutlingen, Germany, 4 Jul - 6 Jul, 2018. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Microelectrode Array Technology Citation: KIM Y, JUNG S, Koo H and Kim M (2019). Fabrication of Multi-Electrode Array with Iridium Oxide-Electrodeposited on Indium-Tin Oxides Nanowires. Conference Abstract: MEA Meeting 2018 | 11th International Meeting on Substrate Integrated Microelectrode Arrays. doi: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2018.38.00107 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 19 Mar 2018; Published Online: 17 Jan 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. SNAG-DON JUNG, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea, jungpol@etri.re.kr Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Yonghee KIM SNAG-DON JUNG Ho Koo Min Sun Kim Google Yonghee KIM SNAG-DON JUNG Ho Koo Min Sun Kim Google Scholar Yonghee KIM SNAG-DON JUNG Ho Koo Min Sun Kim PubMed Yonghee KIM SNAG-DON JUNG Ho Koo Min Sun Kim Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Development of 45W Q-band Space Qualified TWTs

Beijing Vacuum Electronics Research Institute (BVERI) has developed a series of Ka band space traveling wave tubes (TWTs) with saturation power of 12-100 W and efficiency of 55-63% for data transmission and communication for both conduction and radiation cooling. Recently Q-band space TWTs with conduction-cooled and space qualified are developed which are capable of delivering over 45W saturated RF power with overall efficiency exceeding 45%. This paper gives the main technical characteristics of Q-band space TWTs’ design, performances and qualification tests over 5.5 GHz bandwidth.

Quantum-dot Infrared Photodetector Fabricated by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique

Old Dominion University, Physical Electronics Research Institute, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Norfolk, VA-23529 E-mail: helsayed@odu.edu ** NASA Langley Research Center, Science and Technology Corporation, Hampton, VA-23681 *** NASA Langley Research Center, Passive Sensor Systems Branch, Hampton, VA-23681 Pulsed laser deposition is used to fabricate multilayered Ge quantum-dot photodetector on Si(100). Growth was studied by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The difference in the current values in dark and illumination conditions was used to measure the device sensitivity to radiation. Spectral responsivity measurements reveal a peak around 2 μm, with responsity that increases three orders of magnitude as bias increases from 0.5 to 3.5 V.

Experimental evaluation of 8 kW grid-connected photovoltaic system in Egypt

An experimental observation study of 8kW grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system that is installed at Electronics Research Institute (ERI), Giza, Egypt (Latitude 30.04°N, Longitude 31.21°E), is presented. This study includes the quality of the electrical power generated and injected into the network. The considered system consists of 28×295Wp multicrystalline PV modules, StecaGrid three-phase 8kW grid-connected inverter and a Solar-Log 300 PM+ for data acquisition and remote monitoring. The power quality parameters at the inverter output side have been measured using CA8335 power quality analyzer. The system has been installed in August 2014 and generated 5.7MWh till February 2015. The produced electricity by the system is injected directly into the grid without storage device. The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the measurements of the power quality parameters obtained from the PV site. Also, this paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the system over a period of one week. The observation and analyses exploitation of the collected data can help to evaluate the performance of the PV system connected to the network.

반도체 소자 국제 표준화 최근 동향 연구

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea(Received February 21, 2016: Corrected March 10, 2016: Accepted March 15, 2016)Abstract : Nowadays, the importance of role of the international standardization keeps increasing substantially. We havealready known that international standards have a huge impact on many companies, industries and nations. So far, it hasbeen thought that standardizations are needed after the new products come into the market and are mass-produced in orderto encourage the use of the products, systems and services. Standardization will make the products more safe, efficient,and environmentally friendly for the users. However, in these days, a paradigm of the standardization has been changed.International standard becomes a tool for dominating global market and is the most important ingredients of thecompetitiveness and economic progress of the nation and enterprises. Many countries like Japan, Germany and U.S. usethe standardization as an effective method to dominate the market and monopolized the new technologies. Therefore,worldwide competition for the standardization of the new technology become fierce. Korea is leading the technology insemiconductor field. However, activities of international standardization are not sufficient. In order to boost thestandardization activities in Korea from industry, academia, and research institute, this paper briefly introduce theinternational standard organization and some critical issues for next-generation semiconductor memory such as flexiblesemiconductor, automobile semiconductor and wearable devices.Keywords: International standard, Semiconductor, Flexible semiconductor, Automobile semiconductor, Wearabledevices

기관 발행 국제학술지의 성공요인 분석: ETRI Journal 사례를 중심으로

This study analyzes in various aspects the success factors in the development of the ETRI Journal which has been published by the Electronic and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea, as an example case international journal by the institution. The results show that it ould be enlisted in SCI within 3 years after preparing the works for enlisting in it based on the supports from ETRI as well as the cooperation from members of the institution. From the first year 1996 when preparing the enlisting in SCI, the numbers of the articles published in each issue have been increased, and the members in ETRI have cooperated to publish their articles in the journal and cite the articles from the journal in their own articles and proceedings. The case of ETRI Journal shows that the journal published by institution can, in the first stage of its publication, take full advantage of its characteristics as an institution, if it can gain the cooperations both from the institution and its members.

국가 융합연구사업의 현황 및 연계성 분석

Analysis of Current Situation and Relationship among National R&D Projects for Technology Convergence Yangrae Cho.Iesuk Yang.Yongyoon Suh.Jeonghwan Jeon Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering/ERI/UNICO, Gyeonsang National University

Subculture by autonomy and group cohesion and its effect on job satisfaction of R&amp;D professionals in an R&amp;D organization

AbstractProfessional research and development (R&amp;D) organizations typically employ highly educated professionals to work on a range of creative, intellectual projects in their chosen fields. In these organizations, organizational culture and subculture are critical factors connected with project success. This paper explores the existence of subcultures and the factors that contribute to subcultures within a professional R&amp;D organization, and examines subcultural effects on the job satisfaction of R&amp;D professionals to suggest a suitable cultural type for professional R&amp;D organizations. Autonomy and group cohesion are considered, so grid–group theory is applied to measure R&amp;D culture. The subjects were 285 full-time researchers who had worked at the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, an international IT institution, for over 5 years. Differences were found in organizational culture according to the research fields and types (applied and developmental research). The egalitarian culture type (low grid, high group) is found to be suitable for improving job satisfaction in R&amp;D organizations.

빔공간 MIMO 시스템에 기반한 OFDM 전송방법

Beamspace Multiple-Input Multiple Output(MIMO) system can transmit multiple data by using Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator(ESPAR) antenna which has single Radio Frequency(RF)-chain. Beamspace MIMO system can reduce complexity of the system and size of antenna in comparison with the conventional MIMO system because of characteristic of ESPAR antenna using the single antenna and the RF-chain. Heretofore, only the research of transmitting single-carrier has been conducted by the use of beamspace MIMO system. Therefore, in this paper, we propose beamspace MIMO system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) for transmitting the multi-carrier and analysis the performance of this system. We find a proper reactance value which has good performance because proposed system changes the performance by the reactance values of parasitic elements. and we confirm that performance of the proposed system is similar to conventional MIMO system based on OFDM. 논문 15-40-03-02 The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences '15-03 Vol.40 No.03 http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2015.40.3.425 425 ※ 이 논문은 2012년도 정부(교육과학기술부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 기초연구사업임(No. 2012017339) 그리 고 이 논문은 2013년도 정부(교육과학기술부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 기초연구사업임(No.2013R1A2A2A01 005849) 그리고 본 연구는 미래창조과학부 및 정보통신기술진흥센터의 정보통신·방송 연구개발 사업의 일환으로 수행하였음(14-000 -04-001, 고집적 Compact MIMO 안테나 개발). First Author : Smart Radio Research Team, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, jkchoi@etri.re.kr, 정회원 ° Corresponding Author : Department of electronics engineering, Chungbuk National University, ecomm@cbu.ac.kr, 정회원 * Department of electronics engineering, Chungbuk National University, acy890217@naver.com, 학생회원 논문번호:KICS2014-10-438, Received October 30, 2014; Revised March 2, 2015; Accepted March 2, 2015 The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences '15-03 Vol.40 No.03

광대역 스텝 주파수 레이다의 고조파에 대한 영향 분석

Abstract Harmonic effects in a wideband stepped frequency radar(650 MHzS4.5 GHz) have been analyzed. As a result of numerical analysis and simulation, when the second harmonic exists in each frequency, a time-domain result represents an additional object which does not exist but looks to be located at a distance of twice the original object distance. The second harmonics can be removed effectively by low pass filters because there are no other signals between DC and a fundamental signal. In this paper, the harmonic problem can be solved by removing the second harmonics of 650 MHz to 4.5 GHz wideband fundamental signal with two switches and four low pass filters.Key words: Harmonics, Stepped Frequency Radars, Wideband Systems Š9e‘’:Q“‚”•z\Z–9—˜™ƒ•z\Znš›9Œœ +ž HŸ/p [10041950, , i\;¢‚tB£@/8¤ ¥¦§¨2•© Qf*aO;<=Œœ].« 8¬T“iG ­“Q(Department of Radio-Wave Engineering, Hanbat National University) *8®¯ \Z9°(Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) nManuscript received October 24, 2014 ; Revised February 3, 2015 ; Accepted February 3, 2015. (ID No. 20141024-087)nCorresponding Author: Dong-Ho Lee (e-mail: dhlee@hanbat.ac.kr)