Electronic Search Engines Research Articles

Biological Methods for Diagnosing Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review.

Depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia lead to more frequent exacerbations of the underlying disease, worsen the prognosis, and increase the risk of suicide. Clinical practitioners continue to face challenges in diagnosing this disorder. This study aims to analyze published material on biological markers of depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The search of literature was conducted using the following electronic search engines (the total number of relevant papers found is also specified): ACCESSSS (n=150), Cochrane Library (n=48), PubMed (n=623), eLIBRARY (n=216), and Google Scholar (n=367). The final discussion included 67 papers consistent with the study aim and were published between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2023. Based on the available scaterred data, it appears that plasma biomarkers (e.g. C-reactive protein, metabolic parameters, hormones, enzymes, neurotrophic factors) are limited in specificity when it comes to diagnosing depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. Our analysis of the neuroimaging findings showed that depressive manifestations are associated with a decrease in the volume of the gray matter in the parietal, frontal, and temporal lobes (particularly in Broca's and Wernicke's areas) and in specific regions of the prefrontal cortex (including the medial right superior frontal, medial orbitofrontal, and superior and middle frontal gyri). It has been suggested that the SIRT1, OXT, CDKAL1, and APOE genes are involved in the development of depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Understanding and identifying depressive symptoms in schizophrenia will improve the quality of care for patients with this disorder.

The role of non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in the etiology of infectious diseases (review)

Gram-negative bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia rank third among non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria in terms of detection frequency in various infectious pathologies. This review presents information on the various virulence factors, mechanisms used by S. maltophilia for colonization and infection of the human body, multiple drug resistance, clinical manifestations of the diseases caused, and methods of bacteriological diagnosis. The importance of early identification of this pathogen for practicing physicians is emphasized. The selection of treatment for infections caused by S. maltophilia is discussed, highlighting the challenges faced by both clinicians and microbiologists. To this end, current domestic and international scientific publications were reviewed using scientific electronic library search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY.ru, and CyberLeninka.

Modern approaches to the management of blunt liver trauma

Relevance. Liver trauma is one of the most common abdominal injuries. The purpose is to review the evidence and present the current level of diagnosis, tactics and treatment of blunt liver trauma.Materials and methods. The results of clinical studies in liver trauma have been analyzed. Literature was searched in PubMed electronic search engines (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), eLibrary (https://elibrary.ru) by keywords: "liver trauma", "management liver trauma", "diagnosis liver trauma". 134 publications were selected for analysis.Results. Historically, most patients with liver trauma were cured promptly using techniques such as liver suturing, liver resection, ligation of the hepatic artery, atrioval shunts. Conservative management was practically not used. Consequently, mortality was high and reached almost 90% in patients with severe trauma, including damage to the main hepatic vessels. The introduction of such techniques as perigepathic packaging and direct suturing of damaged vessels significantly improved the prognosis of patients. The widespread use of conservative therapy in patients with stable hemodynamics, the management of which is based on instrumental assessment, carefully selected diagnostic imaging of the nature of liver injury, instrumental dynamic observation using operative X-ray angiology and endoscopy, in a hybrid operating room, contributed to the improvement of treatment results.Conclusion. In recent decades, conservative therapy has been performed in 80–86% of cases in patients with stable hemodynamics. The use of minimally invasive interventions such as angiography and embolization, a combination of percutaneous drainage and endoscopic methods for injury to vascular and biliary structures can be considered as the main method of treating post-traumatic complications.

THE EFFECT OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF THE FEMALE BODY

This article describes the methods of studying diabetes mellitus in women, the causes of its occurrence and its effect on the female body. The data of the research literature in electronic search engines are processed and analyzed cyberleninka.ru, eLibrary, in the international Scopus databases for the period 2018-2024.

Incidence and predictors of tuberculosis among HIV-infected children after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Globally, Tuberculosis (TB) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality among infectious disease. TB and Human Immune Virus (HIV) are the two deadly pandemics which interconnected each other tragically, and jeopardize the lives of children; particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this review was aimed to determine the aggregated national pooled incidence of tuberculosis among HIV- infected children and its predictors in Ethiopia. An electronic search engine (HINARI, PubMed, Scopus, web of science), Google scholar and free Google databases were searched to find eligible studies. Quality of the studies was checked using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality assessment checklists for cohort studies. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochrane Q-test and the I2 statistics. This review revealed that the pooled national incidence of tuberculosis among children with HIV after initiation of ART was 3.63% (95% CI: 2.726-4.532) per 100-person-years observations. Being Anemic, poor and fair ART adherence, advanced WHO clinical staging, missing of cotrimoxazole and isoniazid preventing therapy, low CD4 cell count, and undernutrition were significant predictors of tuberculosis incidence. The study result indicated that the incidence of TB among HIV- infected children is still high. Therefore, parents/guardians should strictly follow and adjust nutritional status of their children to boost immunity, prevent undernutrition and opportunistic infections. Cotrimoxazole and isoniazid preventive therapy need to continually provide for HIV- infected children for the sake of enhancing CD4/immune cells, reduce viral load, and prevent from advanced disease stages. Furthermore, clinicians and parents strictly follow ART adherence.

Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Geriatric Population: A longitudinal Study

ObjectiveThis study compares demographic, clinical characteristics, and outcomes in older adults on long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI-AP) vs. oral antipsychotics (PO-AP). DesignThis observational study with a retrospective cohort utilized the electronic medical record's search engine to review charts of geriatric patients on LAI-AP for a two-year period. A convenience sample on PO-AP formed the comparison group. LAI-AP patients were subcategorized into discontinuation and continuation groups. SettingConducted at an urban, psychiatric outpatient clinic, using charts from October 2020 to 2022. ParticipantsPatients at least 60 years-old with psychotic or mood disorders on antipsychotics for at least 3-months during the study period. MeasurementsDemographic and clinical variables, including diagnosis, medication type, side effects, medical comorbidities, neurocognitive status, and secondary medications, were collected for both PO-AP and LAI-AP groups. Outcome variables included missed appointments, psychiatric and medical hospitalizations, and emergency room visits. Correlates of discontinuation of LAI-AP were also assessed. ResultsLAI-AP had a higher proportion than PO-AP of primary psychotic disorders (87.8% vs. 64.3%). During the study, PO-AP had higher rates of missed appointments (median 18% vs. 13% for LAI-AP) and psychiatric admissions (mean 0.019/month vs. 0.006/month for LAI-AP;); Female sex was a risk factor for discontinuation of LAI-AP (86.7% of discontinuation group vs. 55.2% of continuation group). ConclusionsThe LAI-AP group showed reduced hospitalizations, better treatment engagement, and comparable tolerability to PO-AP. Preliminary data suggests gender may influence LAI-AP discontinuation rates. This study adds to the sparse literature investigating the efficacy and tolerability of LAI-AP in geriatric patients.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infection in Abdominal Surgeries: A Scoping Review of Cohort and Case-Control Studies.

Abdominal surgery is considered a high-risk procedure for the development of surgical site infection (SSI). Few studies have evaluated the relative importance of surgical site infection risk factors in terms of consistency in abdominal surgery. Therefore, this comprehensive review article mapped and summarized the evidence aimed to determine the relative importance of the risk factors and incidence of SSIs in abdominal surgery. A literature review was conducted using electronic databases and search engines such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science up to March 16, 2023. There was no language restriction for the papers to be included in the study. The relative consistency of the risk factors was measured and evaluated using the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Original peer-reviewed cohort and case-control studies were included if all types of SSIs were included. Meta-analysis was performed to determine the pooled estimates of SSI incidences. Of 14,237 identified records, 107 articles were included in the review. The pooled incidence of SSI was 10.6% (95% CI: 9.02-12.55%, χ2=12986.44, P<0.001). Operative time and higher wound class were both significant consistent risk factors for SSI incidence. Patients' educational status, malnutrition, functional status, and history of neurological/psychiatric disorders were all candidates for consistent risk factors, with insufficient evidence. The findings of the present study indicated that SSI in abdominal surgery was a multifactorial phenomenon with a considerable risk and had different risk factors with various relative importance. Determining the relative importance of the risk factors for the prevention and control of SSI is strongly recommended.This manuscript has been released as a preprint at the research square: (https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3219597/v1).

The Role of Visum et Repertum and Clinical Examination in Sexual Violence Cases: A Literature Review

Background: Physical examination of victims of sexual violence is required for the preparation of a visum et repertum as evidence in trial. This review aims to discuss the role of Visum et Repertum and clinical examination of victims who have experienced sexual violence. Method: The literature search was carried out through an electronic search engine with keywords related to the purpose of the review. Discussion: Visum et Repertum is one of the pieces of evidence to reveal the incidence of sexual violence experienced by the victim. In handling cases of sexual violence, a doctor must understand his role as a medical professional to help disclose cases. Physicians must carry out the necessary clinical examinations to be able to interpret their findings into the Visum et Repertum requested by the police. Also, a physician has a role to help the patient's recovery by providing treatment so that the victim can recover from the trauma experienced by the victim due to sexual violence. Understanding the role of physicians in handling cases of sexual violence can help many parties to reveal cases of sexual violence and reduce the burden on sexual violence victims.

Impact of water scarcity on rural livelihood in the drought-prone region: A review of global perspectives

Water scarcity is a challenging task for the vast majority of people in the world, which has occurred due to changes in weather patterns due to less rainfall than usual. According to perceptions, in some parts of the world, water scarcity will be more frequent and intense now. Over 200 published articles and reports from the period 2003–2023 were considered for the measurement of the global impact of water shortages on livelihoods in arid areas. Such a type of review study is designed for a systematic approach. The manuscript illustrated different dimensions of water scarcity impacts by using electronic search engines, including Google, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, and Web of Science. The study was then distinguished by including the word water scarcity with keywords such as landscape, vulnerability, adjustment, displaced person, health effect, and risk management to inquire about the necessary articles. The study results illustrated that the shortage of water during the drought period increased the misery of affected people. Droughts affect the livelihood of these people in agronomic activities, food production and security, and natural assets, causing prolonged suffering.

LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE EFFECTIVE USE OF GOOGLE SITE AS AN INTERACTIVE MEDIUM IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION LEARNING

Abstract The current rapid advancement of technology has significantly impacted various aspects of life, including the field of education. This research aims to analyze the use of Google Sites as a medium to enhance student learning outcomes. The method employed is qualitative research with a literature review approach or System Literature Review (SLR). This study aims to compare existing theories with previous theories in the research literature. The literature sources used are derived from research results or studies published in scientific articles, with articles sourced from electronic literature search engines such as Mendeley and Google Scholar. The results of the study indicate that the use of Google Sites as a learning medium in the era of technological advancement can improve student learning outcomes

PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND NOSOCOMIAL PNEUMONIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

This study aims to comprehensively review the literature and assess periodontal disease as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in hospitalized patients, particularly those receiving treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU). Case-control studies and "full texts" published between 2013 and 2023 were the data sources and literature following PRISA-ScR criteria. Online electronic search engines from databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, were used to conduct the scoping review. Four articles were obtained by carefully choosing papers based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. These were then tallied and examined. In this review, four of the 1741 publications were covered. In patients receiving hospital treatment, particularly in the intensive care unit, there is a strong correlation between periodontal disease and nosocomial pneumonia.

A Review on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Action of the Genus Lindera

The genus Lindera consists of approximately 100 species that are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. It is represented by widely well-known medicinal and aromatic plants that produce various phytochemicals with potential pharmacological actions. This review attempts to summarize the information on the phytochemicals of Lindera species together with their biological properties. The data and information were collected via an electronic search engine which are Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and SciFinder. Sesquiterpenes represent the major chemical compounds that have been characterised in Lindera species, as well as alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolics. These compounds were shown to possess anticancer, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-arthritic, cytotoxic, antiallergic, and antihyperlipidemic properties. The outcome of these studies will further support the therapeutic potential of the genus Lindera and provide convincing evidence for its future clinical applications in modern medicine.

The Evolution of Tourism in Afghanistan: A Review of the Last 50 Years

The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the evolution of tourism in Afghanistan over the past 50 years, examining the factors, challenges, and opportunities that have shaped the industry's development and impact on the country's cultural, social, and economic landscapes. This review paper employed a systematic approach, including comprehensive searches using electronic databases and search engines, screening of articles based on inclusion criteria, full-text review, systematic analysis of included articles, and synthesis of key findings, methodologies, reports, news, and best practices to provide a comprehensive overview of the Evolution of Tourism in Afghanistan: A Review of the Last 50 Years. The review reveals the profound impact of the political and security situation, the influence of factors on tourist arrivals such as heritage sites and geopolitical factors, the evolution of marketing strategies and promotion efforts, and the challenges and opportunities faced by Afghanistan's tourism industry, including political instability, security concerns, inadequate infrastructure, limited financing, and negative perceptions, with the potential for sustainable development through strengthened security measures, improved infrastructure, enhanced marketing efforts, and international partnerships. In conclusion, Afghanistan has the potential to develop a thriving and sustainable tourism sector by addressing challenges, capitalizing on unique attractions, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders, leading to economic growth, cultural preservation, and employment opportunities. Strengthen security, preserve heritage, enhance marketing, collaborate with agencies, improve infrastructure, foster partnerships, and involve local communities for Afghan tourism development

A meta-analytic comparison of scent effect between retailing and hospitality

PurposeThis meta-analysis aims to examine and compare the pleasant ambient scent effects on consumers’ affective, cognitive and behavioural responses in the retail and hospitality sectors.Design/methodology/approach55 articles, including 102 effect sizes, are collected from electronic databases and search engines. The effect of pleasant ambient scents on consumer responses is examined using meta-regression analysis.FindingsThe results show a positive effect of pleasant ambient scent on all responses in both sectors, while the effects on cognitive and behavioural responses are stronger in hospitality than retailing. Moreover, the scent effects in hospitality research vary with method aspects, including sampling frame, research design, setting and location.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings provide theoretical insights on the sensory tangibilization of experience and methodological insights on designing scent research.Originality/valueThe stronger effect of pleasant ambient scents on cognitive and behavioural responses in a hospitality environment signals that contextual differences should not be neglected. Moreover, hospitality researchers need to stay vigilant to the methodological influence on the findings about scent effects. These findings enrich the sensory marketing literature, in which contextual comparison is scarce.

Peran Bank Syariah dan UMKM dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Indonesia

Businesses that are carried out to meet the needs of life include conducting Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of Islamic banks and MSMEs in improving the Indonesian economy. The method in this article is a qualitative method with literature study or Library Research. The purpose of this article is to analyze existing theories by looking at their comparison with previous theories in the research literature. The literature used is literature from research results or reviews that are recorded in national and international scientific articles related to financial management. All articles used are sourced from the electronic literacy data search engine Mendeley and Google scholar. The results showed that with Islamic sharia principles, Islamic banking plays an important role in driving the wheels of the Indonesian economy through the development and empowerment of MSMEs.

CHILDHOOD PICKY EATING BEHAVIOUR AND ITS IMPACT ON THE GROWTH OF YOUNG CHILDREN: A SCOPING REVIEW

Background: Malnutrition occurs due to inadequate food intake and low daily energy intake, often associated with picky eating behaviour (PEB). Picky eaters have limited food choices and poor dietary diversity, leading to malnutrition. Therefore, this article aims to explore the impact of childhood eating behaviour on a young child's growth. Method: Articles were identified through six electronic search engines using 12 keywords. Articles were included if they met the following criteria: (1) sample of study involved young children (below six years old); (2) study outcome focusing on the impact of eating behaviour on the growth of the children (3) published in English. Studies were excluded if they were review articles, qualitative studies, and involved children with clinical health problems. Result: A total of 413 articles were screened, and 8 full-text articles were evaluated. The prevalence rates of selective eaters varied greatly from 25% in India to 77% in Iraq. The screening tools used for identifying PEB varied, with the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) being the most commonly used tool. Short-term implications of PEB on children include the risk of poor diet intake and limited consumption of a variety of food groups, which can lead to adverse health outcomes. Meanwhile, long-term implications include the development of eating disorders in adulthood. Conclusion: Our findings reveal that PEB has had a significant impact on the growth of young children. Despite the increasing concern about the implications of PEB, there is a lack of sufficient research studies on the effects of this behaviour on the nutritional status of young children. Keywords: eating behaviour; picky eaters; nutritional status; growth; young children

Quality of Patient-Centered eHealth Information on Erosive Tooth Wear: Systematic Search and Evaluation of Websites and YouTube Videos.

Due to the declining prevalence of dental caries, noncarious tooth defects such as erosive tooth wear have gained increased attention over the past decades. While patients more frequently search the internet for health-related information, the quality of patient-centered, web-based health information on erosive tooth wear is currently unknown. This study aimed to assess the quality of patient-centered, web-based health information (websites and YouTube videos) on erosive tooth wear. German-language websites were systematically identified through 3 electronic search engines (google.de, bing.de or yahoo.de, and duckduckgo.com) in September 2021. Eligible websites were independently assessed for (1) technical and functional aspects via the LIDA instrument, (2) readability via the Flesch reading-ease score, (3) comprehensiveness of information via a structured checklist, and (4) generic quality and risk of bias via the DISCERN instrument by 2 different reviewers. An overall quality score (ie, higher scores being favored) generated from all 4 domains was used as the primary outcome. Quality scores from each domain were separately analyzed as secondary outcomes and compared by the Friedman test. The effect of practice-specific variables on quality scores of websites from private dental offices was assessed using generalized linear modeling. Eligible YouTube videos were judged based on (1) the comprehensiveness of information, (2) viewers' interaction, and (3) viewing rate. The comprehensiveness of information was compared between websites and YouTube videos using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Overall, 231 eligible websites and 7 YouTube videos were identified and assessed. The median overall quality of the websites was 33.6% (IQR 29.8%-39.2%). Secondary outcome scores amounted to 64.3% (IQR 59.8%-69.0%) for technical and functional aspects, 40.0% (IQR 34.0%-49.0%) for readability, 11.5% (IQR 3.9%-26.9%) for comprehensiveness of information, and 16.7% (IQR 8.3%-23.3%) for generic quality. While the comprehensiveness of information and generic quality received low scores, technical and functional aspects as well as readability resulted in higher scores (both Padjusted<.001). Regarding practice-specific variables, websites from private dental offices outside Germany (P=.04; B=-6.64, 95% CI -12.85 to -0.42) or from dentists who are a dental society member (P=.049; B=-3.55, 95% CI -7.09 to -0.01) resulted in lower readability scores (ie, were more difficult to read), while a shorter time since dentists' examination resulted in higher readability scores (P=.01; B=0.24 per year, 95% CI 0.05-0.43). The comprehensiveness of information from YouTube videos was 34.6% (IQR 13.5%-38.5%). However, the comprehensiveness of information did not vary between websites and YouTube videos (P=.09). Additionally, viewers' interaction (1.7%, IQR 0.7%-3.4%) and viewing rates (101%, IQR 54.6%-112.6%) were low. The quality of German-language, patient-centered, web-based information on erosive tooth wear was limited. Especially, the comprehensiveness and trustworthiness of the available information were insufficient. Web-based information on erosive tooth wear requires improvement to inform patients comprehensively and reliably.

Penerapan Metode Activity-Based Costing (ABC) dalam Mengukur Biaya Produksi dan Meningkatkan Efisiensi Operasional

The ABC method emerged as a response to the weaknesses of traditional methods, such as the production volume-based costing method. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Application of the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Method in Measuring Production Costs and Improving Operational Efficiency. The research method used is a literature study or Library Research with a qualitative approach. The literature used is literature from research results or reviews presented in national and international scientific articles that are related to accounting. All articles used are sourced from the electronic literacy data search engine Mendeley and Google scholar. Based on the literature review of several articles on the results and discussion, the conclusions that can be drawn are: The application of the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) method has a significant impact on measuring production costs and increasing the company's operational efficiency. Keywords: Activity-Based Costing; Production Cost; Operational Efficiency

The International Stroke Survey (ISS): A multi-country perspective of public knowledge of cerebral stroke.

Background: As acute stroke remains an important leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, this study sought to survey the general public in four different countries, in four different continents to ascertain the level of knowledge of the public for the risk factors, and the signs and symptoms of stroke. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of the general public that was conducted via a self-administered online survey using the SurveyMonkey® platform in the United States, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. Questions on identifying the risk factors, as well as the signs and symptoms of stroke were asked. A score was given to all subjects, and they were then asked to identify the life-style changes that they thought would reduce the risk of getting a stroke. Results: A total of 2000 subjects were recruited via the electronic search engine at the SurveyMonkey®, 500 from each country. The data showed that subjects in Western countries agreed on dyslipidemia and lack of exercise being the top two risk factors for stroke. While the Middle Eastern subjects mostly identified smoking and having a previous stroke as the top risk factors. Regarding the signs and symptoms, Western subjects agreed perfectly that the top three were hemiparesis, heavy tongue and facial asymmetry. Conclusion: It was clear from the data collected in this study that the knowledge level of signs and symptoms of stroke in the general public, irrespective of the country was poor.

Efektivitas Kualitas Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen: Literature Review Manajemen Pemasaran

Quality products are the main key in winning market competition, which in turn will be able to provide higher satisfaction value to consumers. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of product quality on consumer purchasing decisions. The method in this article is a qualitative method with literature study or Library Research. The purpose of this article is to analyze existing theories by looking at their comparison with previous theories in the research literature. The literature used is literature from research results or reviews that are recorded in national and international scientific articles related to financial management. All articles used are sourced from the electronic literacy data search engine Mendeley and Google scholar. Based on the theory of several articles on the results and discussion, the conclusion in this article is that product quality has a positive effect on consumer purchasing decisions.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: consumers, product quality, purchasing decisions,