Electronic Communication Tools Research Articles

Exploring the Evolution and Impact: A Research Inquiry into the Decade of Digital Journalism in India

The rise of the digital era in journalism increased with the blossoming of electronic communication tools and platforms. The news organisations have discovered an overabundance of new opportunities in information delivery, as well as the challenge of interweaving data privacy and security with innovation. As of now, as many as 80% of Indians consume news on the Internet, primarily through the social media and instant-messaging services. The large-scale use of services like Facebook, X, Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube has allowed news organisations to offer regular updates to consumers on current events, bypassing barriers of time and accessibility. India’s large and thriving news media is going digital. Spurred by an exponential increase in Internet use and digital advertising, a number of digital journalism startups have been established in recent years.

On joint distribution of bids in some k-th price auction model

In the era of increasingly widespread use of electronic communication tools, constant growth of e-commerce turnover is hardly surprising. One of its mechanisms are online auctions whose turnover, on a global scale, is enormous. This paper proposes a stochastic model of the value of subsequent actual bids appearing in the course of a dynamic internet k-th price auction. On this basis, it was possible to determine unconditional joint probability distributions, as well as univariate marginal distributions of successive bids appearing in the course of the auction type under consideration.

Factors influencing interprofessional collaboration in long-term care from a multidisciplinary perspective: a case study approach

ABSTRACT Systematic assessments of interprofessional collaboration barriers and enablers in long-term care settings are critical for delivering person-centered healthcare. However, research on factors influencing interprofessional collaboration in long-term care settings is limited. For this study, 65 healthcare professionals across multiple facilities experienced in long-term care in Japan participated in online focus group discussions and individual interviews to discuss cases. The qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Seven themes emerged: coordination, the need for care manager training, hierarchy among healthcare professionals, specialization but not the mind-set of overspecialization, casual conversations, electronic group communication tools, and excessive fear of personal information protection. These findings highlight the need to develop coordinator roles and for interprofessional education on the proper approach to personal information protection laws. Furthermore, daily casual conversations, the use of online platforms, and the prevention of patients being left behind due to overspecialization are required.

AI-based Voice E-Mail System for Visually Impaired

Electronic communication tools, such as email are visual in nature, and accessing as well as using them might be difficult for visually impaired people. This research present an email communication system designed to beeasy to use and accessible, aiding individuals in overcoming obstacles associated with visual impairment The suggested method transforms the text-based email communications into speech using natural language processing algorithms, in order to makes it simpler for those with visual impairments to understand and reply to the emails received. Additionally, the system incorporates the speech-to-text technology, enabling users to dictate and send emails using their voice. To assist users, write emails that are more accurate and readable, the system may also be set up to offer recommendations and edits to them while they are writing them. Over time, the system can offer more precise and pertinent recommendations by using machine learning algorithms to learn from user interactions. The proposed study involves an in-depth review of existing methods designed to assist the visually impaired. Additionally, the study introduces a suggested method aimed at enhancing email communication for individuals with visual impairments.

The dimensions of the role of the educator in distance learning environments in covid19 era

The global pandemic that unfolded in recent years has left indelible marks on all aspects of daily life and social interactions. Universally, the prevalent form that dominated the Covid-19 era for the educational process at all levels was the use of teleconferencing and electronic communication tools. Educators of this new era have faced multiple and unexpected changes that have brought about transformations in their roles. For this reason, in Section 2, the multidimensional nature of the educator, as influenced by the pandemic, will be analyzed. Specifically, the second section of the main part will highlight the elements adopted during this period that will continue to shape future educational practices for achieving maximum learning outcomes. In contrast, the third section will address the key challenges faced by educators during the period of changes, as studied in the relevant literature. The fourth section of this work will provide a specific example for discussion, illustrating the difficulties that emerged from the challenges mentioned in the previous section. Finally, useful conclusions will be drawn from the literature review and the analysis of the subject.

THE ESSENCE AND ROLE OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES OF THE FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGETEACHER

This article delves into the pivotal theme of formation of professional competences among future foreign language teachers within the framework of distance learning. A comprehensive research was conducted to explore the multifaceted concept of “distance learning,” which entails indirect interaction between educators and learners the adept utilization of information and communication technologies, digital resources, diverse electronic devices, electronic communication tools, and telecommunication services. The study meticulously traverses the evolutionary trajectory of distance learning, including correspondence education, case study, broadcasting learning, and networking learning. Additionally, it casts a discerning spotlight upon distinct models of distance learning, such as distance learning based on a single university with the traditions of classical education, distance learning based on the cooperation of several educational institutions, and distance learning at universities specially created for this purpose. The article further navigates through the intricate organizational and methodological constituents intrinsic to distance learning. This intricate tapestry comprises the domains of marketing, educational and material, financial and economic, and identification and control subsystems. Notably, the article undertakes an exhaustive exploration of the strengths and weaknesses inherently associated with distance learning. Keywords: formation of professional competences, future foreign language teachers, distance learning, distance education, higher education institution, information and communication technologies (ICT)

Hospital doctors’ and general practitioners’ perspectives of outpatient discharge processes in Australia: an interpretive approach

BackgroundUnnecessary delays in patient discharge from hospital outpatient clinics have direct consequences for timely access of new patients and the length of outpatient waiting times. The aim of this study was to gain better understanding of hospital doctors’ and general practitioners’ perspectives of the barriers and facilitators when discharging from hospital outpatients to general practice.MethodsAn interpretative approach incorporating semi-structured interviews with 15 participants enabled both hospital doctors and general practitioners to give their perspectives on hospital outpatient discharge processes.ResultsParticipants mentioned various system problems hampering discharge from hospital outpatient clinics to general practice, such as limitations of electronic communication tools, workforce and workload challenges, the absence of agreed discharge principles, and lack of benchmark data. Hospital clinicians may keep patients under their care out of a concern about lack of follow-up and an inability to escalate timely hospital care following discharge. Some hospital clinicians may have a personal preference to provide ongoing care in the outpatient setting. Other factors mentioned were insufficient supervision of junior doctors, a patient preference to remain under hospital care, and the ease of scheduling follow-up appointments.An effective handover process requires protected time, a systematic approach, and a supportive clinical environment including user-friendly electronic communication and clinical handover tools. Several system improvements and models of care were suggested, such as agreed discharge processes, co-designed between hospitals and general practice. Recording and sharing outpatient discharge data may assist to inform and motivate hospital clinicians and support the training of junior doctors.General practitioners participating in the study were prepared to provide continuation of care but require timely clinical management plans that can be applied in the community setting. A hospital re-entry pathway providing rapid access to outpatient hospital resources after discharge could act as a safety net and may be an alternative to the standard 12-month review in hospital outpatient clinics.ConclusionOur study supports the barriers to discharge as mentioned in the literature and adds the perspectives of both hospital clinicians and general practitioners. Potential solutions were suggested including co-designed discharge policies, improved electronic communication tools and a rapid hospital review pathway following discharge.

Implementing Electronic Discharge Communication Tools in Pediatric Emergency Departments: Multicountry, Cross-Sectional Readiness Survey of Nurses and Physicians.

Pediatric emergency departments (ED) in many countries are implementing electronic tools such as kiosks, mobile apps, and electronic patient portals, to improve the effectiveness of discharge communication. This study aimed to survey nurse and physician readiness to adopt these tools. An electronic, cross-sectional survey was distributed to a convenience sample of currently practicing ED nurses and physicians affiliated with national pediatric research organizations in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Survey development was informed by the nonadoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, sustainability framework. Measures of central tendency, and parametric and nonparametric tests were used to describe and compare nurse and physician responses. Out of the 270 participants, the majority were physicians (61%, 164/270), female (65%, 176/270), and had 5 or more years of ED experience (76%, 205/270). There were high levels of consensus related to the value proposition of electronic discharge communication tools (EDCTs) with 82% (221/270) of them agreeing that they help parents and patients with comprehension and recall. Lower levels of consensus were observed for organizational factors with only 37% (100/270) agreeing that their staff is equipped to handle challenges with communication technologies. Nurses and physicians showed significant differences on 3 out of 21 readiness factors. Compared to physicians, nurses were significantly more likely to report that EDs have a responsibility to integrate EDCTs as part of a modern system (P<.001) and that policies are in place to guide safe and secure electronic communication (P=.02). Physicians were more likely to agree that using an EDCT would change their routine tasks (P=.04). One third (33%, 89/270) of participants indicated that they use or have used EDCT. Despite low levels of uptake, both nurses and physicians in multiple countries view EDCTs as a valuable support to families visiting pediatric ED. Leadership for technology change, unclear impact on workflow, and disparities in digital literacy skills require focused research effort.

The specifics of digital business communication at Chinese enterprises

The article discusses the features of business communication in digital format on the example of Chinese enterprises. In the course of the study, various electronic communication tools used in business communication were studied. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods of digital communication are determined. The specific characteristics of the business style of communication are described. Chinese enterprises experience demonstrates the advantages of the digital format of business communication.

Genetic Testing for Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Clinical Practice.

Genetic testing has proven utility in identifying and diagnosing individuals with FH. Here we outline the current landscape of genetic testing for FH, recommendations for testing practices and the efforts underway to improve access, availability, and uptake. Alternatives to the traditional genetic testing and counseling paradigm for FH are being explored including expanding screening programs, testing in primary care and/or cardiology clinics, leveraging electronic communication tools like chatbots, and implementing direct contact approaches to facilitate genetic testing of both probands and at-risk relatives. There is no consensus on if, when, and how genetic testing or accompanying genetic counseling should be provided for FH, though traditional genetic counseling and/or testing in specialty lipid clinics is often recommended in expert statements and professional guidelines. More evidence is needed to determine whether alternative approaches to the implementation of genetic testing for FH may be more effective.

Prospective evaluation of digital therapeutic intervention on blood pressure control in Indian patients with uncontrolled primary hypertension

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Terrals Technologies Private Limited Background Digital therapeutics (DTx) has emerged as a new approach in recent years making use of connected devices, smartphone software and electronic communication tools to help manage chronic cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Considering its nascent stage, many questions still remain with respect to its applicability, effectiveness and limitations. Purpose Assess the effectiveness of digital therapeutic intervention in controlling blood pressure in Indian patients with primary hypertension Methods We conducted a prospective, 12 week, single arm, interventional study, including 125 subjects at multiple sites in India. Subjects with uncontrolled primary hypertension (≥140 mmHg systolic and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic) in the age group of 30-65 years who were under routine antihypertensive treatment were enrolled. They were provided supplementary DTx intervention comprising of smartphone application based personalized management of diet, exercise, self monitoring and health education by nutritionists and health coaches. Efficacy endpoints such as blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), lipids, etc. were measured before and after the intervention. Results A total of 122 subjects who completed the trial had mean age of 47.44 ± 9.43 years, comprising 58 (48%) male and 64 (52%) female patients and mean BMI of 27.21 ±4.7 kg/m². Post-intervention change in mean systolic BP (SBP) was -25.61 mmHg (95% CI 22.55 - 28.66, 154.98 mmHg vs 129.37 mmHg, P&amp;lt;.001). The post-intervention change in mean diastolic BP (DBP) was -18.62 mmHg (95% CI 16.29 - 20.96, 100.04 mmHg vs 81.42 mmHg, P&amp;lt;.001). Patients with stage 1 hypertension (69.6%) achieved mean systolic reduction of 20.87 ± 13.9 mmHg, (148.54 mmHg vs 127.67 mmHg, P&amp;lt;.001). The patients with stage 2 (27.04%) and stage 3 (3.27%) hypertension achieved a higher mean SBP reduction of 34.67 ± 15.19 mmHg (167.24 mmHg vs 132.58 mmHg, P&amp;lt;.001) and 51.5 ± 40.45 mmHg (190.75 mmHg vs 139.25 mmHg, P=.084), respectively. Male and female patients showed almost similar reduction in systolic BP of 25.47 ± 14.72 and 25.73 ± 19.39 mmHg, respectively. Also, the subjects with other chronic comorbidities (23.9%) achieved a mean systolic BP reduction of 29.51 ± 15.25 mmHg. A total of 79.51% (n=97) patients achieved the SBP &amp;lt;140 mmHg, while 59.84% (n=73) patients achieved SBP &amp;lt;130 mmHg. Combining both the systolic and diastolic targets together, 65.57% (n=80) patients achieved the target of &amp;lt;140/90 mmHg, while ESC/ESH 2018 recommended BP target of &amp;lt;130/80 mmHg was achieved by 31.15% (n=38) patients. Conclusion The implementation of Digital therapeutic application integrated with primary healthcare resulted in significant reduction in blood pressure in participants with uncontrolled hypertension. Greater improvement was observed in participants with higher baseline blood pressure.

Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen: heute und in Zukunft

Although Germany continues to struggle with the digital transformation of healthcare, there is reason for optimism. The political will to improve healthcare with digital technologies has been underpinned by numerous legal initiatives since 2018. In addition, there is growing acceptance among healthcare providers and the population. The latter has clearly been driven by the corona pandemic, which underscored the need for more digitized care.Digitalization in healthcare has three key drivers: the rapid technological development in data processing, the ever-improving understanding of the biological basis of human life, and growing patient sovereignty coupled with agrowing desire for transparency. Prerequisites for digital medicine are data interoperability and the establishment of anetworking (telematics) infrastructure (TI). The status of the most important digital TI applications affecting German healthcare are described: the electronic patient record (ePA) as its core as well as electronic prescriptions, medication plans, and communication tools such as Communication in Medicine (KIM) and TI Messenger (TIM). In addition, various telemedical offerings are discussed as well as the introduction of digital health applications (DiGA) into the statutory healthcare system, which Germany has pioneered. Furthermore, the use of medical data as the basis for artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is discussed. While helpful and capable of improving diagnostics as well as medical therapy, such AI tools will not replace doctors and nurses.

DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION: A CASE STUDY OF COVID-19 PURCHASING DECISION RELATED TO SOCIAL MEDIA AND E-WOM

The COVID-19 pandemic that occurred all across the globe affected the economy. The firm is responsible for promotions, and clients use different types of technology to make purchases. Digital marketing employs social media to promote a product using electronic communication tools, which assist customers in making better-educated buying choices and persuade them to purchase a product or service. This study used purposeful sampling to acquire data, and the sample size was computed using answers from 441 participants who completed online surveys. Participants must be at least 20 years old and active purchasers in the retail internet industry. The suggestion indicates that customers may obtain a product or service via social media or e-WOM. Our SEM-based analysis revealed conformity with the value CFI is 0.954, the value RFI is 0.918, the value NFI is 0.931, and the value RMSEA is 0.066. Consequently, advertising using digital marketing on social media during the COVID-19 epidemic has substantially influenced consumers' purchasing decisions.

Successful Remote Work: What Employees’ Skills are Essential for It?

As remote work becomes a custom way of work organization, there is a need to research the factors that determine its effectiveness. Based on remote work research conducted in Europe and Lithuania, the article presents the differences between remote work and office work, based on which several employee skills are distinguished for effective remote work. First, due to longer working hours and the constant availability of electronic communication and information tools, the psychological skills of detaching from work are discussed. Second, due to the blurring of boundaries between work and personal life, the time-spatial job crafting is presented, i.e. the ability to choose a suitable place and time for work, to change the location of work, to change time or task if they do not match with each other, and to adjust work tasks to the current place and time of work, and his role in remote work. Thirdly, due to the increased autonomy to plan and perform one’s activities and the absence of factors that externally structure the work process and methods of performing tasks, the importance of self-leadership skills, which include the ability to act independently, plan one’s activities, set goals and achieve them, is highlighted. Finally, the article also presents the practical possibilities of psychological detachment from work, mastery of distance work and self-leadership development in the organization.

Is bigger better? A study of the effect of group size on collective intelligence in online groups

What is the optimal size for online groups that use electronic communication and collaboration tools? Previous research typically suggested optimal group sizes of about 5 to 7 members, but this research predominantly examined in-person groups. Here we investigate online groups whose members communicate with each other using two electronic collaboration tools: text chat and shared editing. Unlike previous research that studied groups performing a single task, here we measure group performance using a test of collective intelligence (CI) that includes a combination of tasks specifically chosen to predict performance on a wide range of other tasks [72]. Our findings suggest that there is a curvilinear relationship between group size and performance and that the optimal group size in online groups is between 25 and 35. This, in turn, suggests that online groups may now allow more people to be productively involved in group decision-making than was possible with in-person groups in the past.

Development of a computer-based communication tool for voiceless patients: AyMeSES

Mechanically ventilated patients struggle to communicate their demands to caregivers and nurses because of sound production issues. If the communication problem is ignored, it leads to distress, frustration, and rage. This problem poses a challenge not only for patients but also for healthcare team members. Communication difficulties increase the possibility of not applying the proper treatment, neglect of treatment and care and medical error. All these threaten patient safety and reduce the quality of treatment and care, further increasing the need for additional tools for effective communication between patients and caregivers. Mainly, touch-screen electronic communication tools can be used to communicate with patients. In this article, we describe the designing, development and evaluation of a computer-based software (AyMeSES) that enables voiceless patients to communicate with their caregivers.

Classification of Unwanted E-Mails (Spam) with Turkish Text by Different Algorithms in Weka Program

Abstract: Today, with the widespread use of the Internet, electronic communication tools have also been widely used. One of these tools is e-mails. E-mails are easy to use and provide the opportunity to reach thousands of people at the same time. This advantage causes some bad uses. E-mail users are faced with dozens of unsolicited mails (spam) against their will. In this study, 1017 mails collected from about 20 different Gmail and Hotmail accounts were classified as spam or regular e-mail using the algorithms in the Weka program, and the success of the algorithms was compared. In the study, 45 different algorithms were tested. The highest classification success was obtained with the NavieBayesMultinominal and NavieBayesMultinominalUpdateable algorithms with 94.7886% correct classification. Among other classifier algorithms, Trees RandomForest algorithm 93.6087%, Meta. MultiClassClassifier and Functions SGD 92.4287%, Functions SMO 91.7404%, Meta RandomCommittee 91.0521%, Bayes NavieBayes and Bayes NavieBayesUpdateable 90.3638% classification success.

Electronic Discharge Communication Tools Used in Pediatric Emergency Departments: Systematic Review.

BackgroundElectronic discharge communication tools (EDCTs) are increasingly common in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). These tools have been shown to improve patient-centered communication, support postdischarge care at home, and reduce unnecessary return visits to the ED.ObjectiveThis study aimed to map and assess the evidence base for EDCTs used in pediatric EDs according to their functionalities, intended purpose, implementation context features, and outcomes.MethodsA systematic review was conducted following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) procedures for identification, screening, and eligibility. A total of 7 databases (EBSCO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for studies published between 1989 and 2021. Studies evaluating discharge communication–related outcomes using electronic tools (eg, text messages, videos, and kiosks) in pediatric EDs were included. In all, 2 researchers independently assessed the eligibility. Extracted data related to study identification, methodology, settings and demographics, intervention features, outcome implementation features, and practice, policy, and research implications. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool was used to assess methodological quality. The synthesis of results involved structured tabulation, vote counting, recoding into common metrics, inductive thematic analysis, descriptive statistics, and heat mapping.ResultsIn total, 231 full-text articles and abstracts were screened for review inclusion with 49 reports (representing 55 unique tools) included. In all, 70% (26/37) of the studies met at least three of five Mixed Method Appraisal Tool criteria. The most common EDCTs were videos, text messages, kiosks, and phone calls. The time required to use the tools ranged from 120 seconds to 80 minutes. The EDCTs were evaluated for numerous presenting conditions (eg, asthma, fracture, head injury, fever, and otitis media) that required a range of at-home care needs after the ED visit. The most frequently measured outcomes were knowledge acquisition, caregiver and patient beliefs and attitudes, and health service use. Unvalidated self-report measures were typically used for measurement. Health care provider satisfaction or system-level impacts were infrequently measured in studies. The directionality of primary outcomes pointed to positive effects for the primary measure (44/55, 80%) or no significant difference (10/55, 18%). Only one study reported negative findings, with an increase in return visits to the ED after receiving the intervention compared with the control group.ConclusionsThis review is the first to map the broad literature of EDCTs used in pediatric EDs. The findings suggest a promising evidence base, demonstrating that EDCTs have been successfully integrated across clinical contexts and deployed via diverse technological modalities. Although caregiver and patient satisfaction with EDCTs is high, future research should use robust trials using consistent measures of communication quality, clinician experience, cost-effectiveness, and health service use to accumulate evidence regarding these outcomes.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42020157500; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=157500

Catching Those Who Fall Through the Cracks: Integrating a Follow-Up Process for Emergency Department Patients with Incidental Radiologic Findings

Abnormal findings unrelated to the indication for testing are identified on emergency department (ED) imaging studies. We report the design and implementation of an electronic health record-based interdisciplinary referral system and our experience from the first 13 months of ensuring that patients with incidental radiology findings were connected with the appropriate outpatient surveillance. Our informatics team standardized the contemporaneous reporting of critical radiology alerts using our ED trackboard and created a companion follow-up request form for the treating ED clinicians to complete. The forms were routed to nurse case managers, who arranged follow-ups based on the findings and clinical significance. The primary outcome was the proportion of ED patient visits with identified incidental findings that had documented communication of the incidental findings and surveillance plans. Over the first 13 months after implementation, 932 ED patient visits had critical radiology alert referrals, for a total of 982 incidental findings. The primary outcome (confirmed post-ED communication and documented follow-up plan) was attained in 888 (95.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 93.9% to 96.6%) ED patient visits with confirmed post-ED communication and documented follow-up plans. The team was unable to contact or confirm follow-up with 44 (4.7%, 95% CI 3.4 to 6.1) patients by telephone or through the health care system's electronic communication tools. We report the implementation of a standardized notification and referral system for ED patients with incidental radiology findings. The development of a reliable notification and follow-up system is an important patient safety intervention given the opportunity to potentially identify undiagnosed malignancies.

The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction in the Effect of Leader-Member Exchange on Burnout: A Study on Physical Education Teachers

This research was carried out to examine the mediating role of job satisfaction in the effect of physical education teachers' leader-member exchange on burnout. Liden and Maslyn's (1998a) leader-member exchange, Chang and Chang's (2007) job satisfaction, and Maslach and Jackson's (1981)Maslach burnout scale were used as data collection tools to determine the level of leader-member exchange. The study group of the research consists of a total of 155 physical education teachers, who work in the Malatya and Hatay provinces of Turkey. The study group was selected with the convenience sampling method, one of the non-random sampling methods. A questionnaire was applied to the teachers participating in the research via electronic communication tools. Data from participants were analyzed using SPSS Amos 20.0. In the research, descriptive statistics, correlation and boostrap regression analysis were performed. As a result of this study, it was found that job satisfaction played a mediating role in the effect of leader-member exchange on physical education teachers' burnout levels. It can be stated that increasing physical education teachers' leader-member exchange and improving their relationships with their superiors can be effective in increasing job satisfaction and reducing burnout.