Electronic Case Management Research Articles

Features of procedural aspects of the Electronic Court Case Management System when initiating a civil case and preparing a case for a court proceedings

Features of procedural aspects of the Electronic Court Case Management System when initiating a civil case and preparing a case for a court proceedings

The evolution of digital legal proceedings in African countries: Nigeria, Egypt and South Africa in the focus

The adoption the Digital Transformation Strategy for 2020-2030 by the African Union stands out as a significant milestone in advancing digital agendas and programs across African countries. The integration of digital technologies into the society and economy is acknowledged as a catalyst for fostering innovative, inclusive and sustainable growth. Formulated upon existing ICT initiatives in Africa, this strategy not only holds socio-economic importance for the continent’s development by also play a pivotal role in ensuring digital governance. African countries grapple with challenges such as unemployment, poverty, and digital divide, making the coordinated policy of all states critical for the successful realisization of the digital strategy. Essential components include adequate financing, regional integration, international cooperation and harmonization. The digital transformation of justice holds the potential to address various issues concerning accessibility and efficiency of the judicial method of safeguarding the rights and legitimate interests of citizens and business entities. A notable concern is the lack of trust in the judicial system by over 53% of Africans, emphasizing the need for improvements in legal systems to combat delays, corruption, and hight litigation costs. Moreover, the digital gender gap poses a particular challenge, with only 24% of women in Africa having access to the Internet. Rural women, facing additional societal barriers, encounter difficulties in accessing legal aid, property and economic opportunities. Leveraging digital technologies to enhance justice systems, including through remote court participation and electronic case management, can mitigate these challenges. By facilitating gender-inclusive access to justice, reducing costs and processing time, and enhancing overall judicial efficiency, digital transformation in the realm of justice may pave the way for more equitable legal processes. The theoretical and methodological foundation of the study is rooted in a dialectical approach to understanding social processes and legal phenomena. The objectives of this study also necessitate application of a number of general scientific methods. Methods of analysis and synthesis are employed to examine legal trends in the progression of electronic justice, as well as to compare the evolution of digital justice in Egypt, Nigeria, and South Africa. The unique characteristics of the study’s object - civil legal relations emerging during the exrercise of the right to judicial protection in electronic format - also require the use of private law methods.

Civil Procedure and Digital Technology: The Digitalization of the Judiciary and Civil Court Proceedings in the Czech Republic and Associated Problems

Summary The article deals with the issue of digitalization of the judiciary and civil court proceedings. It clearly divides digitalization into institutional digitalization related to the judiciary as a whole and procedural digitalization, i.e., digitalisation within the framework of court proceedings. In its introduction, it focuses on institutional forms such as electronic systems and registers, in the second part it defines specific forms of digitalization within the current regulation of civil court proceedings, i.e., service via the public data network, electronic case management, recording of hearings, use of video-conferencing and finally also decision-making in the form of electronic payment orders. The paper highlights the problematic aspects of digitalization.

Digital justice delivery in Zimbabwe: Integrated electronic case management system adoption

Digital justice delivery in Zimbabwe: Integrated electronic case management system adoption

일본의 2022년 민사소송법 개정에 대한 연구

Electronic litigation ensures the accessibility of trial proceedings and court records to the general public by utilizing electronic documents and an electronic case management system. Information Technology (IT) enables litigation to be conducted expeditiously. In this regard, electronic litigation not only facilitates fair and efficient trials but also enhances public trust in the judicial system. However, the implementation of electronic litigation requires the legislation for electronic litigation and the development of systems to facilitate its operation. Initially hesitating the adoption of electronic litigation, Japan fully embraced it by revising the Civil Procedure Act of Japan in 2022. This revision encompasses a broad range of modifications to the civil litigation system, including not only the digitalization of civil litigation, but also the introduction of expedited procedures, the implementation of a protective measure for party identification, and the establishment of procedures for the investigation of electronic evidence. The primary objective behind Japan's reform of civil litigation adopting electornic litigation is to enhance procedural efficiency and effectiveness, improve litigant accessibility, and ultimately uphold the principles of fairness in trials, thereby elevating the overall quality of the judicial process. This paper focuses on three key aspects: 1) online filing and service, 2) electronic courtroom, and 3) electronic case management. By conducting a comparative study on the provisions of electronic litigation between Japan and Korea, it can be expected to introduce implications with regard to electronic litigation in Korea.

State policy in the sphere of legal regulation of labor under conditions of digitalization of economy

Digitalization creates new challenges for public policy in the regulation of labor relations. The purpose of the article is to identify the most complex problems associated with the introduction of information and communication technologies in labor relations, and to outline ways of their legislative solution. For this purpose the analysis of Russian and foreign scientific literature, labor legislation, judicial practice, documents of the International Labor Organization, including those adopted in 2020 in response to threats to labor relations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is used. The inefficient use of already available electronic resources for the implementation of electronic case management is noted. The idea of the need to extend modern technology not only to the electronic exchange of documents, but also to their creation, storage, processing is supported. It is concluded that it is inexpedient to use an enhanced electronic signature of an employee in labor relations, in connection with which it is proposed to use special digital platforms supported by the state. It is proposed to gradually get rid of the practice of duplicating electronic and traditional “paper” records management. Relationships formed in the process of application of distant labor contain all the classical features of the employment relationship, which is facilitated by the employer’s use of modern means of control over the behavior of the employee. Digital technologies create new opportunities for the use of labor resources and make it possible to include new forms of employment in the scope of labor legislation, where to a greater or lesser degree there is economic, organizational dependence of the executor (employee) on the customer (employer), based on innovative means of control and management, as well as the dependant’s need for traditional means of social protection. Differentiation and decentralization of legal regulation is proposed to maintain the stability of labor relations.

ELEKTRON FUQAROLIK ISHI (E-SUD) TIZIMIDA SUD ISHLARINI BOSHQARISH

This article discusses the application of the Court Case Management System in the conduct of civil proceedings, and issues such processes as the reception of civil court documents, the distribution of court cases, the preparation for trial, the consideration of court cases, the adoption of court decisions, the direction and archiving of court documents in the Court Case Management System are also covered. Electronic Court Case Management System is described as a system for conducting electronic court cases, managing them through an automation system, as well as an electronic transmission, processing, and storage of documents, including court documents. In general, the article states that the Electronic Court Case Management System allows you to register court documents, edit court documents, fill them in by the parties, delete unnecessary documents, and easily find court documents in civil cases, in general, electronic preparation of a civil case in an electronic form. This article also describes how the Electronic Court Case Management System works in the judicial system of developed countries of the world and its advantages.

A Data-Driven Response to the Addiction Crisis in Hamilton County, Ohio.

Context:For more than a decade, the state of Ohio has been an epicenter of the opioid crisis. Multiple interventions have been deployed to address this crisis and reduce opioid overdoses and overdose deaths in the state. The Hamilton County Addiction Response Coalition (HC ARC) and its strategic, countywide prearrest diversion (LEAD) and deflection (QRT) programs have been at the forefront of this effort in Cincinnati, Ohio. Operating since April 2018, these programs have continued to grow and improve and have been successful in connecting hundreds of citizens to needed treatment and other social services.Program:HC ARC combats overdoses and overdose deaths by utilizing cross-sector planning and collaboration to operate 2 countywide programs: Quick Response Team (QRT) and Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD).Implementation:The QRT and LEAD programs leverage partnerships with law enforcement, public health, addiction and mental health services, reentry services, and trained peer supporters. The QRT emphasizes triage, assessment, and connection to appropriate services for people with recent nonfatal drug overdoses and provides outreach and education in hot spot communities. LEAD provides diversion from the criminal justice system into long-term case management for nonviolent individuals with low-level offenses who also struggle with substance use disorder, mental health, homelessness, and/or poverty.Evaluation:QRT and LEAD team members routinely track and record client contacts and outcomes using a centralized electronic case management platform. Data are extracted and analyzed by the evaluation team to examine indices of program success and provide ongoing feedback to the QRT and LEAD teams.Discussion:HC ARC has implemented, tested, expanded, and now standardized its prearrest diversion programming. It has built a sustainable model to improve health and health equity for marginalized individuals whose needs intersect across health care, public health, community-based social services, and the criminal-legal system. Collectively, this work offers a guide for implementation and best practices for the following: detailed planning, policy, and procedure development; identification of key leaders and community partners; and methods to evaluate program operations to make data-driven decisions and real-time program adjustments.

Enhancing COVID Rehabilitation with Technology (ECORT): protocol for an open-label, single-site randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of electronic case management for individuals with persistent COVID-19 symptoms

BackgroundAs of May 2022, Ontario has seen more than 1.3 million cases of COVID-19. While the majority of individuals will recover from infection within 4 weeks, a significant subset experience persistent and often debilitating symptoms, known as “post-COVID syndrome” or “Long COVID.” Those with Long COVID experience a wide array of symptoms, with variable severity, including fatigue, cognitive impairment, and shortness of breath. Further, the prevalence and duration of Long COVID is not clear, nor is there evidence on the best course of rehabilitation for individuals to return to their desired level of function. Previous work with chronic conditions has suggested that the addition of electronic case management (ECM) may help to improve outcomes. These platforms provide enhanced connection with care providers, detailed symptom tracking and goal setting, and access to relevant resources. In this study, our primary aim is to determine if the addition of ECM with health coaching improves Long COVID outcomes at 3 months compared to health coaching alone.MethodsThe trial is an open-label, single-site, randomized controlled trial of ECM with health coaching (ECM+) compared to health coaching alone (HC). Both groups will continue to receive usual care. Participants will be randomized equally to receive health coaching (± ECM) for a period of 8 weeks and a 12-week follow-up. Our primary outcome is the WHO Disability Assessment Scale (WHODAS), 36-item self-report total score. Participants will also complete measures of cognition, fatigue, breathlessness, and mental health. Participants and care providers will be asked to complete a brief qualitative interview at the end of the study to evaluate acceptability and implementation of the intervention.DiscussionThere is currently little evidence about the optimal treatment of Long COVID patients or the use of digital health platforms in this population. The results of this trial could result in rapid, scalable, and personalized care for people with Long COVID which will decrease morbidity after an acute infection. Results from this study will also inform decision making in Long COVID and treatment guidelines at provincial and national levels.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05019963. Registered on 25 August 2021.

The feasibility and ongoing use of electronic decision support to strengthen the implementation of IMCI in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

BackgroundContinued efforts are required to reduce preventable child deaths. User-friendly Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) implementation tools and supervision systems are needed to strengthen the quality of child health services in South Africa. A 2018 pilot implementation of electronic IMCI case management algorithms in KwaZulu-Natal demonstrated good uptake and acceptance at primary care clinics. We aimed to investigate whether ongoing electronic IMCI implementation is feasible within the existing Department of Health infrastructure and resources.MethodsIn a mixed methods descriptive study, the electronic IMCI (eIMCI) implementation was extended to 22 health facilities in uMgungundlovu district from November 2019 to February 2021. Training, mentoring, supervision and IT support were provided by a dedicated project team. Programme use was tracked, quarterly assessments of the service delivery platform were undertaken and in-depth interviews were conducted with facility managers.ResultsFrom December 2019 – January 2021, 9 684 eIMCI records were completed across 20 facilities, with a median uptake of 29 records per clinic per month and a mean (range) proportion of child consultations using eIMCI of 15% (1–46%). The local COVID-19-related movement restrictions and epidemic peaks coincided with declines in the monthly eIMCI uptake. Substantial inter- and intra-facility variations in use were observed, with the use being positively associated with the allocation of an eIMCI trained nurse (p < 0.001) and the clinician workload (p = 0.032).ConclusionThe ongoing eIMCI uptake was sporadic and the implementation undermined by barriers such as low post-training deployment of nurses; poor capacity in the DoH for IT support; and COVID-19-related disruptions in service delivery. Scaling eIMCI in South Africa would rely on resolving these challenges.

Alternative Dispute Resolution: The Opportunities and Challenges of COVID-19 for the Plea-Bargaining Model

In Uganda, the plea bargaining model has primarily been used as a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, prisons across the country grappled with congestion and long pre-trial detentions. The outbreak of COVID-19 augmented these challenges. However, several opportunities, such as the automation of courts through the establishment of an electronic case management information system, online trials, and the reduction of cases without enormous costs, were gained. At the same time, COVID-19 exacerbated the risk of innocent accused entering guilty pleas, especially for offences triable in magistrates’ courts because trials take long. Moreover, Uganda’s criminal justice system is retributive and more concerned with inflicting punishment and suffering on the accused than rehabilitating them. The state is the primary victim of the criminal offence. In contrast, the people harmed by the offence are mere witnesses. Nevertheless, plea bargaining was often conducted in the absence of or without the involvement of the victims of crime. The victims’ rights remained significantly neglected, increasing the lack of trust in the courts. This article examines these issues by discussing plea bargaining as an instance of ADR. The article also explores the opportunities and challenges arising from plea bargaining conducted during the COVID-19 locksdowns by discussing the lived experiences of the accused, victims, and magistrates.

E-Court in resolving civil cases - Foreign experiences and recommendations for Vietnam

Applying digital technology in state management activities is a trend that many countries are actively implementing. Experiences from other foreign countries show that digitizing and technologizing judicial activities is an inevitable trend to simplify administrative procedures, maximize the settlement of disputes to ensure legitimate rights of people, and to maintain social order. Vietnam is therefore not out of that trend. However, the application of information technology to the Court's activities in Vietnam has just been initially organized through a number of activities such as online filing, electronic case management..., but for the online trial, the Vietnamese law still does not have a complete legal framework. In the context of Covid-19 epidemy, the employment of E-court becomes even more necessary than ever. Because of social distancing, many activities, including court trial have been postponed. This can cause many inconveniences to the court (to comply with the law on procedural time), and to the parties (who wants to solve their legal issues as quick as possible, so that they can enjoy well their legal rights and interests). However, this model of court needs many conditions to be developed: investment of Government, qualifications of competent persons, people’s scientific and technical level… It should be noted that technological measures are just a different implementation method of the procedural provisions, but due to being as the procedural law, these implementation steps should be clearly specified in the law, so as not to be considered a violation of the proceedings. Thus, the contents of law need to be legalized such as applicable conditions, procedures on initiating a lawsuit, on giving announcement to parties... In fact and theory, all kind of civil cases can be judged online as long as the requirements of platform and demand of participating parties are met. And the civil procedure law can add regulations about the online method to some of necessary procedural steps as an additional choice to the parties. The article focuses on recommending the building of a E-Court model in Vietnam in civil proceedings, where this model can be effectively applied due to the civil nature of the case, with the research method of analysis, thesis and comparison with other foreign laws, such as Malaysia, Korea, Australia and Canada.

Antiretroviral therapy among patients with HIV in Almaty, Kazakhstan: the implication for HIV-associated tuberculosis control.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an effective preventive strategy against tuberculosis (TB) in people living with HIV (PLWH). In Kazakhstan, according to the revised HIV treatment guideline (2017), ART should be initiated immediately after HIV diagnosis established, regardless of CD4+ count. To evaluate the impact of early initiation of ART on TB infection in PLWH registered in the Center of Prevention and Control of AIDS, Almaty, Kazakhstan, between 2008 and 2018. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data of 4,053 patients from electronic HIV case management system (2008-2018) (EHCMS). The study revealed low rates (12.6%) of rapid ART (≤ 1 month after HIV diagnosis). Patients in the rapid ART initiation group were less likely to develop TB compared with those who started treatment >1 month after the HIV detection (odds ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval [1.1, 2.2]; p = 0.00799). Interestingly, the risk for developing TB among patients receiving ART ≥ 1 month after HIV diagnosis was significantly higher compared with those not taking any treatment. The latter was explained by several confounding not addressed during the analysis, since ART was prescribed to patients with primarily deeper immunodeficiency, while the patients not receiving ART were less immunocompromised. Despite the recently changed HIV treatment guideline in Kazakhstan, ART is still initiated based on the disease severity. In 2018, the initiation of ART during the first month after HIV diagnosis increased by 50%. However, it is necessary to reduce the time to initiation of ART for all patients.

End-user perspectives of two mHealth decision support tools: Electronic Community Case Management in Northern Malawi

BackgroundThe introduction of a paper-based Community Case Management (CCM) in Malawi has contributed to a reduction of child morbidity and mortality rates. In addition, the introduction of electronic Community Case Management (eCCM) (smartphones with built in CCM apps) may help to reduce the under-five mortality rates even further. PurposeIt is not uncommon for Apps with a similar area of interest to develop different features to assist the end users. Such differences between Apps may have a significant role to play in its overall adoption and integration. The purpose of this research was to explore end users perspectives of two eCCM decision support tools developed and implemented by the Supporting LIFE project (SL eCCM App) and D-Tree International’s (Mangologic eCCM App)in Northern Malawi. MethodsA mixed methods approach was applied, involving a survey of 109 users (106 Health Surveillance Assistants (HSAs), and 3 Integrated Management of Childhood Il6lnesses (IMCI) coordinators). This was followed up with semi-structured interviews with 34 respondents (31 HSAs, and 3 IMCI coordinators). Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 where descriptive statistics and Chi-Squared tests were generated. Qualitative data were analyzed based on thematic analysis. ResultsParticipants reported that both Apps could assist the HSAs in the management of childhood illnesses. However, usability differed between the two apps where the Supporting LIFE eCCM App was found to be easier to use (61%) compared to the Mangologic eCCM App (4%). Both Apps were perceived to provide credible and accurate information. ConclusionIt is essential that the quality of the data within Mobile Health (mHealth) Apps is high, however even Apps with excellent levels of data quality may not succeed if the overall usability of the App is low. Therefore it is essential that the Apps has high levels of data quality, usability and credibility. The results of this study will help inform mobile Health (mHealth) App designers in developing future eCCM Apps as well as researchers and policy makers when considering the adoption of mHealth solutions in the future in Malawi and other LMICs.

Understanding Nurse-led Case Management in Patients with Chronic Illnesses: A Realist Review.

This realist review aims, with evidence from recent studies, to understand both how nurse-led case management interventions are implemented in the management of chronic illnesses, and in what circumstances these interventions are successful. The review followed the realist review methodology. From four electronic databases, twenty empirical and primary nurse-led case management intervention studies published between January 2011 and February 2020 were included. For each study, causality was explored, and findings were integrated. Three contexts, five mechanisms, and three major outcomes were found, and several context-mechanism-outcome strings were identified. Further analysis and synthesis of the studies showed that when duration of intervention, service delivery mode, and types of services are appropriate, as well as number of services with patients considering care is provided, case managment interventions change outcomes for patients with chronic illnesses. Finally, an explanatory conceptual framework based on the review results was developed to guide nurse managers and researchers.

Ответы международных арбитражных учреждений на пандемию COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis with no clear end. It caused one of the most significant contractions in the global economy and negatively impacted almost every business sector. The arbitration proceedings, both domestic and international, have not escaped from these effects. Therefore, they are forced to adapt to the exceptional circumstances of the pandemic quickly. Critically, this has resulted in the promotion and adoption of electronic case management tools and the promulgation of many protocols and guidelines related to these new procedures. This article outlines how leading arbitration institutions have adapted their operations and institutional rules to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic. On that basis, this article gives the evaluation of those responses to lead a new direction for international arbitration after COVID 19.

Towards e‐judicial services in Malawi: Implications for justice delivery

AbstractIn Malawi, the judiciary rolled out an electronic case management system in 2015 in response to the ongoing public sector reforms being championed by the Malawi Government. In this study, we employed the information systems (IS) success model to systematically investigate the benefits that an electronic case management system has brought about to the judiciary of Malawi. Specifically, three themes are pursued as follows: the services offered through an electronic case management system in the judiciary of Malawi; benefits of an electronic case management system; and challenges affecting the use of an electronic case management system in the judiciary of Malawi. Methodologically, the study is guided by a survey design and a questionnaire was used to collect data from various staff in the judiciary including judges, court clerks, court registrars, and information technology personnel. The study reveals that the implementation of an electronic case management system has impacted positively on the security of court files by easing the tracking and retrieving of case files thereby contributing to efficiency in justice delivery. However, the implementation of an electronic case management system has not been spared from challenges, which include frequent loss of network and poor Internet connection.

Sustainability of 'mHealth' interventions in sub- Saharan Africa: a stakeholder analysis of an electronic community case management project in Malawi.

The global health community and funding agencies are currently engaged in ensuring that worthwhile research-based programmes are sustainable. Despite its importance, few studies have analysed the sustainability of global health interventions. In this paper, we aim to explore barriers and facilitators for the wider implementation and sustainability of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention (Supporting LIFE Community Case Management programme) in Malawi, Africa. Between January and March 2017, a qualitative approach was used to carry out and analyse 13 in-depth semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders across all levels of healthcare provision in Malawi to explore their perceptions with regards to the implementation and sustainability of the mHealth programme. Data were analysed thematically by two reviewers. Overall, our analysis found that the programme was successful in achieving its goals. However, there are many challenges to the wider implementation and sustainability of this programme, including the absence of monetary resources, limited visibility outside the healthcare sector, the lack of integration with community-based and nationwide programmes, services and information and communication technologies, and the limited local capacity in relation to the maintenance, further development, and management. Future developments should be aligned with the strategic goals and interests of the Ministry of Health and engage with national and international stakeholders to develop shared goals and strategies for nationwide scale-up. These developments should also focus on building local capacity by educating trainers and ensuring that training methods and guidelines are appropriately accredited based on national policies. Our findings provide a framework for a variety of stakeholders who are engaged in sustaining mHealth programmes in resource-poor settings and can be used to develop an evidence-based policy for the utilization of technology for healthcare delivery across developing countries.

Transition Programming for Youth with Persistent Delinquent Histories: A Descriptive Case Example

ABSTRACTDetained youth experience noted struggles with reentry to school and the community and the first 6 months after release are critical for reentry to school or work for decreasing the rate of recidivism. For this community engagement research project, numerous partners including the University, local school district, local youth detention center, and family resource center were involved. This transition project provided transition support to three participants through: (a) electronic monitoring, (b) educational advocacy, (c) case management, and (d) in-school mentoring. The delinquent and social histories of each participant are described, as well as the descriptive findings from the wraparound intervention. Reentry, access to services, attendance, and recidivism data reflect intervention effectiveness.

The added value of a mobile application of Community Case Management on referral, re-consultation and hospitalization rates\xa0of children aged under 5 years in two districts in Northern Malawi: study protocol for a pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThere is evidence to suggest that frontline community health workers in Malawi are under-referring children to higher-level facilities. Integrating a digitized version of paper-based methods of Community Case Management (CCM) could strengthen delivery, increasing urgent referral rates and preventing unnecessary re-consultations and hospital admissions. This trial aims to evaluate the added value of the Supporting LIFE electronic Community Case Management Application (SL eCCM App) compared to paper-based CCM on urgent referral, re-consultation and hospitalization rates, in two districts in Northern Malawi.Methods/designThis is a pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial assessing the added value of the SL eCCM App on urgent referral, re-consultation and hospitalization rates of children aged 2 months and older to up to 5 years, within 7 days of the index visit. One hundred and two health surveillance assistants (HSAs) were stratified into six clusters based on geographical location, and clusters randomized to the timing of crossover to the intervention using simple, computer-generated randomization. Training workshops were conducted prior to the control (paper-CCM) and intervention (paper-CCM + SL eCCM App) in assigned clusters. Neither participants nor study personnel were blinded to allocation. Outcome measures were determined by abstraction of clinical data from patient records 2 weeks after recruitment. A nested qualitative study explored perceptions of adherence to urgent referral recommendations and a cost evaluation determined the financial and time-related costs to caregivers of subsequent health care utilization. The trial was conducted between July 2016 and February 2017.DiscussionThis is the first large-scale trial evaluating the value of adding a mobile application of CCM to the assessment of children aged under 5 years. The trial will generate evidence on the potential use of mobile health for CCM in Malawi, and more widely in other low- and middle-income countries.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02763345. Registered on 3 May 2016.