Electronic Calendar Research Articles

Difficulties Of Electronic Assessment Facing Male and Female School Teachers in Southern Hebron

The current research aimed to identify the level of electronic assessment difficulties facing male and female school teachers in South Hebron, and to reveal the significance of statistical differences between the response of male and female school teachers about the level of electronic assessment difficulties they have, which is attributed to gender, experience, educational qualification and educational stage, and in order to achieve this, it used The researcher used the descriptive method, and the tool, which is the questionnaire, was applied to a randomly selected sample of (2970) male and female teachers in the south of Hebron, and after data collection and processing using the (SPSS) program, the results showed the following: School teachers in southern Hebron, from their point of view, was of a high degree, and the results showed that there were no differences in the respondents' responses to the difficulties of electronic assessment facing school teachers in southern Hebron due to the variable of gender, educational qualification, and years of experience. Accordingly, the researcher recommended the need to find a clear and comprehensive guide on the application of electronic evaluation, planning for it and implementing its procedures, as the results showed a high degree of difficulties facing teachers due to the lack of sufficient models for electronic evaluation tools, working on explaining and clarifying the e-learning system and thus electronic evaluation For parents and guardians to motivate them and increase their motivation towards its application, as the results showed a high degree of difficulties associated with students, urging those in charge of developing the Palestinian curricula to develop them and introduce the necessary modifications in line with the application and conduct of the electronic calendar.

Problems of Electronic Evaluation in Jordanian Universities during the Corona Pandemic from the Teachers’ Point of View

Objectives: This study aimed to reveal the problems of electronic evaluation in Jordanian universities during the Corona pandemic from the point of view of their faculty members. The study also contributes to enriching Arabic research on the subject of the electronic calendar. It is expected that the decision-makers in the Ministry of higher education and Jordanian universities will benefit from the development of evaluation mechanisms in them.
 Methods: The researchers adopted the descriptive approach. The study sample consisted of 181 faculty members randomly selected from among 2500 faculty members from the University of Jordan and the Arab Open University for the academic year 2020/2021. A questionnaire was constructed and distributed to the study sample electronically.
 Results: The study revealed that the electronic evaluation problems faced by the teachers during the Corona pandemic were different, and that there were statistically significant differences in technical problems due to the university (Jordan / Arab Open University). It showed that females suffered more than their male colleagues in facing the technical problems, and that the teachers with experience of 10 years or more suffered less than those with less experience.
 Conclusions: The researchers submitted 19 proposals to address the problems they faced in preparing, evaluating and managing tests during the pandemic

The effect of BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine on menstrual cycle symptoms in healthy women.

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine on women's menstrual cycle.MethodsIn this questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional study, we assessed menstrual pattern and changes in women who completed the SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine 3 months before and after receiving the vaccine. Included were women aged 18–50 years without known gynecologic comorbidities who regularly monitor their menstruation through electronic calendars. All participants competed a detailed questionnaire on their menstrual symptoms including information on any irregular bleeding. To minimize bias, each woman served as a self‐control before and after vaccination. Primary outcome was rate of irregular bleeding following vaccination and secondary outcome was presence of any menstrual change, including irregular bleeding, mood changes, or dysmenorrhea following the vaccine.ResultsA total of 219 women met the inclusion critieria. Of them, 51 (23.3%) experienced irregular bleeding following the vaccine. Almost 40% (n = 83) of study participants reported any menstrual change following vaccination. Parity was positively asssociated with irregular bleeding with 26 (50%) of those suffering from irregular bleeding being multiparous compared with only 53 (31.5%) of women with no irregular bleeding (nulliparous 46% vs 60%, multiparous 50% vs 31%, rest 4% vs 8%, P = 0.049). The presence of medical comorbidities was also significantly higher among patients who experienced irregular bleeding (20.0% vs 6.0%, P = 0.003).ConclusionOur study shows relatively high rates of irregular bleeding and menstrual changes after receiving the SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and to better characterize the magnitude of change and any possible long‐term implications.

Lives Penciled in, the Reality of Chronic Health Conditions and Trauma: Reflexivity, Health, and Shadowed Identities.

When living with chronic health conditions or experiences of trauma our lives can become perpetually penciled in. The use of the penciled-in metaphor means to arrange our time tentatively: a date, an appointment, a meeting, seeing a movie, or attending a class. In our technologically-driven world of electronic calendars where everything is entered electronically, the utility of the pencil and hand-written agendas have all but vanished. However, for the purpose of this article, the pencil provides a metaphoric common ground to learn about the totality of the disruption experienced by living with chronic health conditions and their residual trauma. The pencil is touchable, tangible and as a researcher and a person who lives with challenging health concerns, metaphors help me to create an understanding of the chaos of living a life in pain with cancer. This article is a person-centered account of the process of reflexive coping and self-processing of pain by a pain researcher and educator. This article focuses on the metaphor of penciled-in lives to provide a qualitative account of experiences of pain from chronic health issues and the trauma both physical and emotional it causes. This act of reflexivity becomes a personal examination of life. It reveals to me my beliefs, decisions, and practices before and during my hermeneutic journey and how these may have prejudiced my thinking and behaviors.

When the Physician Becomes the Caregiver: A Review for Physicians Caring for Their Elder Relatives.

When the Physician Becomes the Caregiver: A Review for Physicians Caring for Their Elder Relatives.

Using a Mobile Phone App to Analyze the Relationship Between Planned and Performed Physical Activity in University Students: Observational Study.

BackgroundThe relationship between intention and behavior has been well researched, but most studies fail to capture dynamic, time-varying contextual factors. Ecological momentary assessment through mobile phone technology is an innovative method for collecting data in real time, including time-use data. However, only a limited number of studies have examined day-level plans to be physically active and subsequent physical activity behavior using real-time time-use data to better understand this relationship.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine whether plans to be physically active (recorded in advance on an electronic calendar) were associated with objectively assessed physical activity (accelerometry), to identify activities that replaced planned periods of physical activity by using the mobile app Life in a Day (LIAD), and to test the feasibility and acceptability of LIAD for collecting real-time time-use data.MethodsThe study included 48 university students who were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 protocols, which were defined by 1, 3, or 5 days of data collection. Participants were asked to record their planned activities on a Google Calendar and were provided with mobile phones with LIAD to complete time-use entries in real time for a set of categories (eg, exercise or sports, eating or cooking, school, or personal care). Participants were instructed to wear an accelerometer on their nondominant wrist during the protocol period. A total of 144 days of protocol data were collected from the 48 participants.ResultsProtocol data for 123 days were eligible for analysis. A Fisher exact test showed a statistically significant association between plans and physical activity behavior (P=.02). The congruence between plans and behavior was fair (Cohen κ=0.220; 95% CI 0.028-0.411). Most participants did not plan to be active, which occurred on 75.6% (93/123) of days. Of these 93 days, no physical activity occurred on 76 (81.7%) days, whereas some physical activity occurred on 17 (18.3%) days. On the remaining 24.4% (30/123) of days, some physical activity was planned. Of these 30 days, no physical activity occurred on 18 (60%) days, whereas some physical activity occurred on 12 (40%) days. LIAD data indicated that activities related to screen time most often replaced planned physical activity, whereas unplanned physical activity was often related to active transport. Feasibility analyses indicated little difficulty in using LIAD, and there were no significant differences in feasibility by protocol length.ConclusionsConsistent with previous literature, physical activity plans and physical activity behaviors were linked, but not strongly linked. LIAD offers insight into the relationship between plans and behavior, highlighting the importance of active transport for physical activity and the influence of screen-related behaviors on insufficient physical activity. LIAD is a feasible and practical method for collecting time-use data in real time.

APPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC EVALUATION TOOLS IN BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS IN THE SOUTH AL BATINAH GOVERNORATE IN THE SULTANATE OF OMAN: A SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHERS' PERSPECTIVES

This qualitative study aimed to diagnose the applying of electronic evaluation tools in the social studies subject in Al-Batinah South schools, through the social studies teachers' perspectives. The problem has arisen in the lack of electronic calendar tools applications, due to the lack of capabilities of the parameters in the application of electronic calendar tools, due to the weakness of the infrastructure, which is related to the telecommunications and networks sector. The objectives of the study: To diagnose the electronic evaluation tools that are applied, the electronic programs used in those applications, with an indication of the advantages of the application and the applications' challenges. The study adopted the qualitative approach, the size of the study population reached (15) schools, and a sample of (15) social studies teachers who attended practical training for continuous electronic evaluation programs were selected, where individual interviews were conducted with them. Data was analyzed using the content analysis method. After analyzing the results of the interviews, the following results were reached: From the tools applied by social studies teachers, to evaluate students ’learning, electronic assignments, short questions, electronic tests, from the programs used in the application of tools Google drive, Zid jard, Padelt, as well as the advantages of applying tools. Electronic calendar, as the teachers affirmed the students ’desire to interact with applications of electronic assessment tools and the interactive solution, follow-up of student achievement, statistical analysis of student results, and reveal weaknesses and goals that students did not achieve. As for the challenges that teachers faced, they were the lack of computers, the weakness of the network while performing tests and interactive activities, the students ’lack of experience in dealing with these programs. The study recommended continuing to apply electronic calendar tools for their importance in e-learning. They are considered appropriate tools for evaluation in the digital age, and they can be used to avoid students interrupting direct education during crises.

Representation of History of Russian Science on the Pages of Electronic Calendars of Significant and Memorable Dates

In view of approaching the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences and in connection with the relevance of the topic, the authors have prepared review of the resources devoted to the history of Russian science. The key moments of history, events from the lives of prominent people are reflected on the pages of calendars of significant and memorable dates. The uniqueness of these publications lies in the fact that they bring together diverse facts, while the materials are systematized in accordance with the chronology and upcoming anniversaries. Attracting a large amount of factual information makes calendars an indispensable tool for planning communication and organizational mass activities of various institutions.The purpose of this work is to identify information products of chronological nature, to study the specifics of providing information in them about Russian science, as well as structural, format and technological features of implementation of selected resources. In the course of monitoring the web space, we found about thirty narrowly theme-based electronic resources. Further, we carefully analysed each resource in accordance with the evaluation criteria on content, structure and implementation technology. We selected about half of the identified resources for more detailed study. Due to the fact that electronic calendars of significant and memorable dates are formed by various organizations — academic and University libraries, archives, research institutes, etc., the authors decided to group resources according to the type of institutions that prepared them, and to describe them in accordance with this principle. The largest number of electronic calendars was found on the websites of research institutions and University libraries. As for the personnel of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the most complete and voluminous resource in its content is formed by the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Analysis of the content of calendars indicates that their content may be limited to the history of particular institution, research centre or regional branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The exception is the resource “Anniversaries of the Members of RAS” by the RAS Archive, which gives the idea of the Academy’s personnel potential throughout its history.It is obvious that the work on the formation and promotion of resources in the electronic environment that highlight significant events in the history of the Russian Academy of Sciences contributes to the dissemination of knowledge about scientists, scientific achievements and developments of research institutes and is effective means of popularizing science.

CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT STUDY

Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological sources, the article looks at the state of informational and methodological support of students’ independent study. The authors conclude that insufficient attention is being currently paid in Ukraine to the implementation of informational and methodological support of students’ independent study using cloud technologies. It has been determined that independent work as the dominant component of the students’ educational activity in the framework of joining the European educational space requires a new approach to its construction, covering the whole set of innovative aspects. The general problem of education is the reduction of the number of classroom hours and transfer of a significant amount of study material to independent study. Such a situation requires further scientific analysis and the development of specific recommendations in order to improve the independent learning activities. On the basis of the content analysis of scientific articles on the professional training of university students, the directions of improving informational and methodological support of students’ independent study were singled out on the example of the discipline “Modern Information Technologies”. Studies have been conducted among the students regarding their readiness to use the informational and methodological support of independent study and it is determined that it is advisable to use Google cloud services and an educational site with educational materials for independent work. In the article the approaches to introduction of informational and methodological support of students’ independent study are theoretically grounded and a model of informational and methodological support of independent study of university students is developed. Informational and methodological support of students’ independent study is based on the integration of two classifications of independent work (in terms of the type of learning tasks and of educational and cognitive activity) that will be performed in the complex way and will facilitate the formation of university students’ ability to organize and plan and the ability to work independently. For the discipline “Modern Information Technologies” an Internet resource is developed in the form of a site that contains the necessary information for performing independent work. Separately, an electronic calendar for the organization of independent student learning was developed. The integration of calendar elements into the educational site has been carried out in order to ensure the functioning of the informational and methodological support of students’ independent study. The methodological principles of informational and methodological support of students’ independent study were developed, namely the use of cloud service Google Calendar in the course “Modern Information Technologies”.

18-OR: Joslin Home: An Innovative Integrated Digital-Health Model of Diabetes Care in the Technology Era

Despite major advances in diabetes care and technology, the current clinic-based model is costly and at times inefficient with limited scalability. Joslin Home model (JH) includes 5 new pillars of diabetes interactions: short visits of 5-15 min conducted by telehealth, more frequent visits with a multidisciplinary team (MD, NP, RD, CDE, exercise physiologist (EP), and behavioral therapist (BT)), direct 2-way electronic scheduling, brief documentations and easy one-step billing. In this 6-month pilot study, we tested the feasibility of JH among 17 patients with critically high A1C (average 9.5±1.6%), age 62±14 yrs, weight 225±35 lbs and 70.6% treated with insulin. Cellular glucose meter, body-weight scale and BP kit were delivered to subjects’ homes for self-reporting. Patients were instructed to self-schedule/cancel appointments using an electronic calendar. Five precise questions were asked before each encounter. Providers were asked to briefly document encounters. Results: Virtual visits were completed in an average of 16 min, MDs and NPs concluded them in <15 min (∼11 min), but BT needed the longest time (20-30 min). Patients had an average of one encounter/week. Higher visit frequency was only seen in <25% of patients. Around 76% of scheduled encounters were completed (range 56-100%). Visit cancellation was the lowest with RD and EP (10-18%) and highest with BT and CDE (29-31%). A1C dropped significantly by 1.2% (to 8.2±1.5%, p<0.001). Patients’ satisfaction was high and they were willing to pay out-of-pocket of $50-200/encounter. We conclude that JH model is potentially acceptable alternative to clinic-based model and that is potentially scalable for remote and underserved areas where multidisciplinary approach is lacking. Frequent and short encounters of <20 min resulted in significant A1C improvement. JH may be ideal for high-risk patients who require frequent encounters with a diabetes team. Larger adoption in a randomized clinical study warrants consideration. Disclosure O. Hamdy: Consultant; Self; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Merck & Co., Inc., Sanofi-Aventis. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Healthimation, LLC. J. Mitri: Consultant; Spouse/Partner; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., kymera. Consultant; Self; national dairy council/local dairy council. Research Support; Spouse/Partner; AbbVie Inc., beigene, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Research Support; Self; Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc., national dairy council. Research Support; Spouse/Partner; pharma cyclic, TG therapeutics. A. Barrett: None. R.A. Gabbay: Advisory Panel; Self; FormHealth, Health Reveal, Lark, Onduo, Vida Health. Funding Joslin Diabetes Center

Electronic calendar as an element of digital IT-farm management

Management of on-farm processes in animal husbandry with an analogue primary accounting system (acts, journals, statements, certificates, cards, etc.) was carried out using paper, and later electronic reporting forms. In the paper flow of zootechnical accounting, the document contained 70-250 records, the processing and maintenance of which took a lot of time: when entering 25-30 characters per minute, 1.5-2.5 hours; in electronic forms the number of printed characters has been reduced by 5-10 times, or up to 10-20 entries per document per minute. The transition from paper reporting to electronic reporting stabilized the speed of accounting and the number of personnel: 4 accountants were replaced by 1 computer operator, while expanding the database. The digitalization of the electronic calendar as a control element for a “smart” farm is becoming a new stage in optimizing work with document flow. The electronic calendar monitors economic and economic processes, time intervals, problems, automatically generates databases of production processes depending on the “key feature”, for example, the indicator “live weight”: animals that meet the condition С0>Cc, who have collected the necessary live weight, pass to the next production cycle. Mass “С”. Animals С0 = – Cc, that do not meet the requirement, are transferred to the emergency implementation group as economically ineffective for further fattening. The program of cyclical formation of production groups Cijdepending on the weighing results, is described by a simulation model U = f(x, p), whereUis the state of the modeled component,fare the main functional dependencies,xare variables,pare parameters.

Meeting Scheduling Application using Availability and Priority Attendance Heuristics

Meeting scheduling is a repetitive and time consuming task for many organizations. Emails and electronic calendars has been used to help a meeting host in this process. However, it does not automate the process of searching the optimal time slot. Manual scheduling may result in suboptimal schedule. Therefore, automation is needed for meeting scheduling problem. The purpose of this research is to propose an applied model consisting of both acquiring participants’ existing schedule, and searching for an optimal time slot. Previous studies groups the solution of meeting scheduling into either constraint satisfaction or heuristics approach. Heuristics is more appropriate for a dynamic environment. The heuristics-based model is designed to consider participant availability and participant prioritization. The more participants are available, the better the time is as a candidate for optimum schedule. In the proposed model, the availability of certain key person, experts, or host may carry more weight than normal participant. An Android based application is developed as a prove of concept of the proposed model. Google Calendar API is used in this model to acquire the existing schedule, then each time slot is assigned a score based on availability weighting. The time slot with the highest score is considered the optimal solution. Evaluation is done by simulating the scheduling part for various numbers of meetings and time slots. The result shows that the model is capable of searching the optimal meeting schedule in less than one second for each of the experiment.

CalBehav: A Machine Learning-Based Personalized Calendar Behavioral Model Using Time-Series Smartphone Data

AbstractThe electronic calendar is a valuable resource nowadays for managing our daily life appointments or schedules, also known as events, ranging from professional to highly personal. Researchers have studied various types of calendar events to predict smartphone user behavior for incoming mobile communications. However, these studies typically do not take into account behavioral variations between individuals. In the real world, smartphone users can differ widely from each other in how they respond to incoming communications during their scheduled events. Moreover, an individual user may respond the incoming communications differently in different contexts subject to what type of event is scheduled in her personal calendar. Thus, a static calendar-based behavioral model for individual smartphone users does not necessarily reflect their behavior to the incoming communications. In this paper, we present a machine learning based context-aware model that is personalized and dynamically identifies individual’s dominant behavior for their scheduled events using logged time-series smartphone data, and shortly name as ‘CalBehav’. The experimental results based on real datasets from calendar and phone logs, show that this data-driven personalized model is more effective for intelligently managing the incoming mobile communications compared to existing calendar-based approaches.

Design of Electronic Calendar Based on MCU

The electronic calendar is an indispensable electronic product in People’s Daily life, it not only carries the bright culture of 5,000 years of China, but also is an important book to guide the cultivation of the Chinese nation. This design takes the IAP15 series MCU as the core, and the peripheral circuit includes the main control core, wireless module, display module, clock module, temperature and humidity module and other modules. The wireless module adopts ESP series chip to realize the function of MCU networking. The display module adopts OLED to display time, temperature and humidity. The clock module adopts PCF series chips to realize accurate control of time. The temperature and humidity sensor module uses DHT11 chip to realize the collection of environmental temperature and humidity, and simulation on Proteus with hardware circuit is also included.

Mobile device applications usability assessment: The example of an agricultural management application

This paper examines the issue of mobile application usability assessment and is primarily intended to evaluate a "proposal" concerning the systematic recording of the technical and economic data of an agricultural holding with the aid of a rural management system (agroFarm). This application is an electronic calendar where farmers and breeders can store all the agricultural activities about crops, farms and agricultural machineries. Simultaneously agroFarm calculates the revenues and expenses of every rural activity. 
 The use of mobile applications requires solving problems in use so that access to information and services can be done without difficulty. This is achieved by assessing the use with methods that can measure the usability of mobile applications.
 The application was evaluated with, the Questionnaire for User Interaction Satisfaction questionnaire. Ten users aged 20 to 45, at least high school graduates, holding different farms and different familiarity with digital applications participated in the evaluation process. In addition, a Heuristic evaluation was performed by experts who were asked to evaluate ten "heuristics criteria" and whether they were observed in the evaluated application. 
 The results of the evaluation showed that the users consider that most important feature of mobile applications is the ease of use and utility.

How Silicon Valley sets time

Digital calendars are logistical media, part of the infrastructure that configures arrangements among people and things. Calendars increasingly play a fundamental role in establishing our everyday rhythms, shaping our consciousness of temporality. Drawing on interviews with Silicon Valley calendar designers, this article explores how the conceptualization and production of scheduling applications codify contemporary ideals about efficient time management. I argue that these ideals reflect the driving cultural imperative for accelerated time handling in order to optimize productivity and minimize time wasting. Such mechanistic approaches treat time as a quantitative, individualistic resource, obscuring the politics of time embedded in what can and cannot be graphically represented on the grid interface. I conclude that electronic calendars are emblematic of a long-standing but mistaken belief, hegemonic in Silicon Valley, that automation will deliver us more time.

The Digital Architecture of Time Management

This article explores how the shift from print to electronic calendars materializes and exacerbates a distinctively quantitative, “spreadsheet” orientation to time. Drawing on interviews with engineers, I argue that calendaring systems are emblematic of a larger design rationale in Silicon Valley to mechanize human thought and action in order to make them more efficient and reliable. The belief that technology can be profitably employed to control and manage time has a long history and continues to animate contemporary sociotechnical imaginaries of what automation will deliver. In the current moment we live in the age of the algorithm and machine learning, so it is no wonder, then, that the contemporary design of digital calendars is driven by a vision of intelligent time management. As I go on to show in the second part of the article, this vision is increasingly realized in the form of intelligent digital assistants whose tracking capacities and behavioral algorithms aim to solve life’s existential problem—how best to organize the time of our lives. This article contributes to STS scholarship on the role of technological artifacts in generating new temporalities that shape people’s perception of time, how they act in the world, and how they understand themselves.

Exploring cognitive support use and preference by college students with TBI: A mixed-methods study.

Many college students with TBI rely on external strategies and supports to compensate for persistent memory, organization, and planning deficits that interfere with recalling and executing daily tasks. Practitioners know little, however, about the supports students with TBI choose for this purpose, the reasoning behind their choice, or preferred features of selected supports. The purpose of this study was to explore these issues. We collected and analyzed quantitative and qualitative data from eight college students with TBI for completion of a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design. Data analysis included evaluation and triangulation of participant demographic information, survey responses about persistent post-injury symptoms, transcripts from semi-structured interviews about cognitive support devices and strategies, and ranking results about specific compensatory tools. Results suggest that college students with TBI prefer high-tech external supports-sometimes with the addition of low-tech, paper supports-to assist them in managing daily tasks. This preference related to features of portability, accessibility, and automatic reminders. An electronic calendar was the most-preferred high-tech support, and a paper checklist was the most-preferred low-tech support. Rehabilitation professionals should consider implementing high-tech supports with preferred characteristics during treatment given the preferences of students with TBI and the consequent likelihood of their continued long-term use following reintegration to community settings.

GROUP EXTERNAL MEMORY AID TREATMENT FOR MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) experience memory impairments greater than expected in normal aging, but their cognitive abilities exceed those of individuals with dementia. External memory aids (EMA) can be used to support memory impairments. The current study evaluated an intervention incorporating structured EMA training within group treatment. Specifically, the researchers examined the effects of group treatment on functional strategy use, cognitive skills and maintenance of skills following treatment. Six participants were randomly divided into two even groups (an immediate and delayed treatment group). All participants scored below the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cut off score of 25, lived independently, and had no previous dementia diagnosis. All participants completed six weekly, 90-minute group treatment sessions. Two non-concurrent sessions were dedicated to each EMA category (i.e., calendars, timers, and personal information). Three types of EMAs for each category were trained (e.g., monthly paper, weekly paper, and electronic calendars within the calendar category). The EMAs were taught using three phases: exploration, intensive functional practice, and home practice. To measure functional strategy use the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ) and a Role Play Activity were used. To measure cognitive skills the MoCA and Arizona Battery for Communication Disorders of Dementia were used. Assessments were administered at pre-treatment, post-treatment, six week follow-up and one-year follow-up. Both groups increased their functional strategy use and cognitive skills during post-treatment assessments. MMQ strategy scores and MoCA scores were significantly higher following treatment. In addition, all participants used an EMA during the Role Play Activity. During Six-week follow up, participant scores were inconsistent across all measures. One year following treatment, all participants’ strategy use and cognitive assessment scores decreased. However, some EMAs taught during treatment were maintained following treatment. Qualitative interviews described participant functional strategy use following treatment. This pilot study evaluated a small sample to describe findings from an innovative evidence-based treatment for MCI. Individuals with MCI increased their functional strategy use and memory skills provided EMA treatment. However, without treatment these gains were not maintained. Treatment is critical for maintaining and integrating daily use of memory strategies for individuals with MCI.

Identifying new temporal coordination requirements for calendar systems through a temporal structure lens

Temporal structures have been argued to be an important element of business affecting both the processes that are undertaken within an organization and the overall productivity of the organization and its members. As such, organizations should engage in temporal coordination planning in order to ensure that previously ad hoc temporal structures are streamlined and used to enhance and integrate business processes. This research is at the task analysis stage in the development of such temporal coordination systems. Forty interviews with management, exploring the types of temporal structures used in temporal coordination process, were conducted to capture preliminary functional requirements for temporal coordination systems. The temporal structure difficulties uncovered in this research are used to suggest modifications to current emerging electronic temporal coordination systems, e.g., the personal and collaborative electronic calendar systems. We summarize by giving a set of new requirements that can be used by designers to build the temporal system of the future.