Electromagnetic Interference Measurement System Research Articles

Research on small lightweight electromagnetic interference measurement system based on patrol unmanned aerial vehicle

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been widely used in power system inspection. Most of the existing UAVs are equipped with visible and infrared cameras for fast full spectrum photography and fault monitoring of transmission lines. When the transmission line has defects such as aging, broken strand and serious corrosion, the traditional image recognition, infrared and other observation methods can not identify these defects well. In order to realize the rapid detection and judgment of broken strand, this paper analyzes the characteristics of electromagnetic interference of transmission line, and constructs the electromagnetic interference measurement system based on patrol UAV. The research results of this paper can realize the real-time detection and alarm of broken strand, and provide technical support for line inspection.

Time-Domain Modeling of Noisy Electromagnetic Field Propagation

This paper presents a detailed treatment of modeling of noisy electromagnetic field propagation as well as a formulation for its numerical implementation along with numerical and experimental examples. Modern electromagnetic interference measurement systems operate in time domain (TD) and exhibit gigahertz bandwidths together with short measurement times. Two-point near-field scanning with two field probes allows recording of near-field autocorrelation and cross correlation data as a basis for the TD simulation of noisy electromagnetic (EM) field propagation, also in complex environments. TD modeling yields results for the whole frequency band under consideration with a single computational run and is advantageous if results for a broad frequency range are of interest. We introduce a correlation dyadic-based approach for noisy EM field modeling using analytic TD Green’s functions. For experimental validation of the method, we have computed spatial cross correlations in the far field from experimental near-field scanning data of a digital circuit board under test. The propagated results are compared to cross correlations obtained from measurements performed directly in the far field.

On the Statistical Properties of the Peak Detection for Time-Domain EMI Measurements

This paper presents a discussion on the inherent characteristics of the measurements performed with time-domain electromagnetic interference measurement systems in regards of the detection of the maximum emissions levels. In that sense, some relevant statistical properties of the frequency components of the maximum emissions levels in the amplitude spectrum are investigated using the extreme value theory to provide a model based on the Gumbel probability distribution and estimates for its parameters, expected value, variance, and Cramer-Rao bounds. The results suggest that using the expected maximum value of the emissions levels instead of the just the observed maximum value improves the measurement repeatability and also reduces the uncertainty in the results. This paper presents an additional insight measure that enhances our understanding of the statistical behavior of the measured EMI and of the time-domain measurement process itself.

A Real-Time Time-Domain EMI Measurement System for Full-Compliance Measurements According to CISPR 16-1-1

Time-domain electromagnetic interference (EMI) measurement systems allow measurement time to be reduced by several orders of magnitude. In this paper, a novel real-time operating time-domain EMI measurement system is presented. By the use of several analog-to-digital converters, the dynamic range requested by international electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards is achieved. A real-time operating digital signal processing unit is presented. The frequency band that is investigated is subdivided into several subbands. The EMI signal of the complete frequency band is digitized. By a digital down converter, each subband is shifted toward its baseband and low-pass filtered. The low-pass filtered signal is down sampled. The down-sampled signal is processed by a short-time fast Fourier transform. The obtained spectrogram is processed by a parallel implementation of peak, average, and quasi-peak detectors. The dynamic range of the system has been investigated. A comparison of the digital signal processing to the analog signal processing of an EMI receiver is shown. Measurements have been performed in the frequency range 30 MHz to 1 GHz. Such a system can fulfill the international EMC standard CISPR 16-1-1. By the parallel simulation of several thousand EMI receivers, the measurement at several thousand frequency bins can be performed simultaneously. Due to this benefit, the measurement time can be reduced, and further investigations on a device under test can be performed. These investigations are full characterizations, as well as full scans in the final detector mode, which is especially of benefit for highly unstationary emitting devices.

Automatic EMI Measurement and Filter Design System for Telecom Power Supplies

Tests for compliance with conducted emission limits are usually carried out during the electrical product design process. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters are widely used for filtering excessive conducted emissions on a power cord. In this paper, a personal computer (PC)-based automatic EMI measurement and filter design system for telecom power supplies is proposed. The common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) emissions in the live or the neutral line can be measured and recorded separately. The trial-and-error guesswork in selecting the filter components can be minimized by the proposed automatic filter design system. In other words, the EMI suppression effort is greatly reduced by the fast PC computing speed and the man-machine interface. The developed system can be an effective noise diagnosis and filter design tool for EMI engineers.

A low-noise multiresolution high-dynamic ultra-broad-band time-domain EMI measurement system

A time-domain electromagnetic interference (EMI) measurement system allows to reduce measurement time by several orders of magnitude in comparison with conventional systems. This will considerably reduce the costs of compliance tests. In this paper, a novel multiresolution time-domain EMI measurement system is presented. The multiresolution time-domain EMI measurement system exhibits several channels with limiters, amplifiers, and analog-to-digital converters. The amplitude range of the signal is subdivided into several intervals. In each interval the analog-to-digital conversion is performed with an amplitude discretization proportional to the width of the amplitude interval. The signal-to-noise ratio of the multiresolution time-domain EMI measurement system compared with a conventional time-domain measurement system for transient signals is enhanced by at least 50 dB. It is shown that the multiresolution time-domain EMI measurement system has a higher overload factor than conventional systems working frequency domain. The noise floor is 5 dB lower than the noise floor of a conventional EMI receiver. The multiresolution time-domain EMI measurement system shows a higher 1-dB compression point than conventional EMI receivers. Measurements were performed in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 1 GHz and compared with results obtained by an EMI receiver.

The time-domain electromagnetic interference measurement system

A novel real-time broad-band time-domain electromagnetic interference (TDEMI) measurement system for the 30-1000-MHz frequency range is described. The signals from the antenna are sampled, analog-to-digital (A/D) converted and digitally processed. The fast-Fourier transform (FFT), the Welch- and Bartlett periodograms are digitally computed. Compared with state-of-the-art EMI measurement systems, the novel described TDEMI system samples the complete phase and amplitude information of the EMI simultaneously over the whole frequency band under consideration. With the presented time domain measurement system the measurement time can be reduced by a factor of 10. The digital processing of EMI measurements allows emulation in real-time of the various modes of conventional analogous equipment, e.g., peak, average, rms and quasi-peak detector and also introduces new concepts of analysis, e.g., phase spectra, short-time spectra, statistical evaluation and FFT-based time-frequency analysis methods.