Electrochemical Deposition Method Research Articles

Novel Design and Synthesis of Ni-Mo-Co Ternary Hydroxides Nanoflakes for Advanced Energy Storage Device Applications

Three-dimensional interconnected mesoporous nanoflakes of amorphous Ni-Mo-Co trimetallic hydroxides were successfully deposited on a Ni foam (NF) using a facile, environmentally friendly, and scalable electrochemical deposition method. The elemental composition of the nanoflakes, including Ni2+, Mo6+, and Co2+, was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while the morphology and particle size of the synthesized nanomaterials were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Ni-Mo-Co trimetallic hydroxides on NF were employed as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors. The Ni-Mo-Co trimetallic hydroxides with a Ni/Mo/Co ratio of 1/1/0.4 exhibited outstanding long-term cyclability over 5000 cycles, with a high reversible specific capacitance of 2700 F g−1 and a high capacitance retention of 96.63% at 10 A g−1. Furthermore, they demonstrated excellent rate performance, maintaining a capacitance of 2429 F g−1 at a current of 50 A g−1, which corresponds to approximately 80% capacitance retention compared to the capacitance at 2 A g−1. The superior performance of these Ni-Mo-Co trimetallic hydroxides can be attributed to their mesoporous hierarchical architecture, which provides large open spaces between the interconnected nanoflakes, numerous electroactive surface sites, facile electron transmission paths, and the synergistic effects of the trimetallic components. These findings demonstrate that Ni-Mo-Co trimetallic hydroxides are promising electrode materials, offering both high capacitance and long-term cyclability for supercapacitors.

Nitrated benzothiadiazole-based D-A electrochromic polymers with tunable spectral properties

Nitrated benzothiadiazole (BT) is the promising acceptor units in constructing D-A-D electrochromic polymers, but its researches in the electrochromic field was very limited so far. In this work, four kinds of nitrated polymer precursors (Th-NO2-BT, EDOT-NO2-BT, Th-2NO2-BT, and EDOT-2NO2-BT) were synthesized by Stille coupling reaction with EDOT and thiophene units as the end groups (electron donor units) and mono-nitrated benzothiadiazole and di-nitrated benzothiadiazole as the core groups (electron acceptor units). The chemical structure and optical properties of the precursor were investigated by means of 1H NMR, UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectra; the corresponding mono-nitrated polymer films were obtained in CH2Cl2-Bu4NPF6 system by electrochemical deposition method. The optical band gap of di-nitrated polymer precursor is obviously larger than the corresponding mono-nitrated polymer precursor (both ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra are obviously blue-shifted), accompanied with the obvious increased initial oxidation potential. Due to the fluorescence quenching effect of -NO2 group, their absolute quantum yields are all very low (0.0006-0.015). The spectroelectrochemistry and electrochromic kinetics of mono-nitrated polymer films (P(Th-NO2-BT) and P(EDOT-NO2-BT)) were studied. It was found that P(EDOT-NO2-BT) can show better electrochromic performance than P(Th-NO2-BT), with dark green in the neutral state and more obvious electrochromic performance in the near-infrared region (optical contrast: 38.4%, coloration efficiency: 129.1 cm2/C, and fast response time: 1.4s). This systematically study about the effects of nitro substitution effect on the properties of D-A electrochromic polymers, which will further expand the selection of the new acceptor units and the application prospect of nitrated electrochromic materials.

Development of Chitosan/Mg−Zn−HAP/ZrO2 Bilayer Coating on Ti Alloy for Biomedical Applications

AbstractTitanium alloys (Ti−6Al−4V) are being used in many biomedical applications due to their unique properties of bioactivity, excellent mechanical properties, low toxicity, biocompatibility, and long‐term implant application for their satisfactory corrosion resistance. We have developed a new two‐step fabrication process of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and Chitosan/Mg−Zn−HAP (Chitosan/M−HAP) bilayer layer coating on Ti alloy for biomedical applications. Flower‐structured bilayers were coated by the electrochemical deposition method. Electrochemically deposited bilayer‐coated Ti alloy specimens were characterized by various analytical techniques like field‐emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and EDS mapping analysis. Furthermore, the developed bilayer (Chitosan/Mg−Zn−HAP/ZrO2) coated Ti alloy samples improved mechanical properties such as adhesion strength (20.1±0.4 MPa) and hardness (446±4 Hv), compared to other coatings. An investigation of polarization curves showed a positive shift in the polarization values (Ecorr, and Icorr) of the Chitosan/M−HAP/ZrO2 bilayer coatings on Ti alloy. Bilayer‐modified Ti alloy samples show good antimicrobial response toward Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria. Meanwhile, the cell viability and proliferation of the bilayer‐coated samples were evaluated and the exhibited result improved cell proliferation, and bioactivity compared to other coated materials. From the results, it can be evident that the developed Chitosan/Mg−Zn−HAP/ZrO2 bilayer‐coated Ti alloy could be a good potential candidate for biomedical applications.

Carbon-modified NiCo2O4 as an electrode material for supercapacitors

Transition metal oxides are a promising class of electrode materials for pseudocapacitors due to their high electrochemical activity and eco-friendly nature. However, they possess poor intrinsic conductivity which results in the low energy density of the assembled supercapacitors. In this study, electrodes composed of amorphous C-modified NiCo2O4 (C/NiCo2O4/NF) on nickel foam substrate were prepared by electrochemical deposition and thermostatic heating method. The incorporation of amorphous C compensates for the low electrical conductivity of NiCo2O4 materials, thereby significantly enhancing the electrochemical performance. The galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) test results reveal an impressive specific capacitance of 379.4 mF/cm2 at a current density of 1.5 mA/cm2, and with a capacitance retention rate of 87.1 %. In addition, the symmetric supercapacitor assembled using C/NiCo2O4 electrode materials exhibits exceptional energy density and power density, reaching maximum values of 522.3 μWh/cm2 and 900 μW/cm2 respectively. The device is capable of illuminating LED for up to 8 min, further demonstrating its practical applicability. These results underscore the feasibility and promise of C/NiCo2O4 as an electrode material for the advancement of high-performance supercapacitors.

3D Nickel–Manganese bimetallic electrocatalysts for an enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction performance in simulated seawater/alkaline natural seawater

In this paper, we report an inexpensive one-step synthesis of self-supported 3D nickel-manganese (NiMn) bimetallic coatings and their application for the hydrogen evolution reaction in simulated seawater (1 M KOH + 0.5 M NaCl) and alkaline natural seawater (1 M KOH + natural seawater). These binary coatings were electrodeposited on a titanium substrate using a facile electrochemical deposition method by a dynamic hydrogen bubble template technique. The as-deposited NiMn coatings with variable Mn amounts produce typical globular and unique porous architecture with abundant pores of different sizes. The activity of these fabricated catalysts towards the hydrogen evolution reaction was investigated by linear sweep voltammetry towards simulated seawater and alkaline natural seawater at different temperatures. The surface morphology and composition of the catalysts were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The as-prepared NiMn/Ti electrocatalyst, which was electrodeposited using a chemical bath containing Ni2+ and Mn2+ ions with a molar ratio of Ni2+:Mn2+ = 1:5, exhibits excellent hydrogen evolution activity in simulated seawater with an ultra-low overpotential of 64.2 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2. It is noteworthy that this NiMn/Ti electrocatalyst also achieves a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline natural seawater with a comparably low overpotential of 79.3 mV. The current densities increase by ca. 1.75–2.35 times with an increase in temperature from 25 °C to 75 °C for hydrogen evolution in both electrolytes. This bimetallic catalyst has shown excellent long-term stability at a constant potential of −0.23 V (vs. RHE) and a constant current density of 10 mA cm−2 for 10 h, which ensures higher durability and robustness for practical application of seawater splitting technology.

Designed Growth of Covalently Bonded WO3/PEDOT Hybrid Nanorods Array with Enhanced Electrochromic Performance

A covalently bonded WO3/PEDOT hybrid nanorods array has been prepared through solvothermal, oil bath, and electrochemical deposition methods using KH57 as a coupling agent. The obtained WO3/PEDOT shows substantially increased electrochromic performance with an increased response speed (3.4 s for coloring and 1.2 s for bleaching), excellent optical modulation (86.7% at 633 nm), high coloration efficiency (122.0 cm2/C at 633 nm), and distinguished cyclic stability. It was found that the covalent bond interaction between WO3 and PEDOT plays an essential role in property enhancement. The covalently bonded inorganic/organic hybrid nanorods array may promise great potential in developing smart-display and energy-efficient materials and devices featuring low energy consumption, cost effectiveness, and environmental protection.

Fabrication of Cu2O plated carbon fabrics via electrochemical deposition method

Functional fabrics have many advanced applications to meet the expectations of the end-user industry. There is a variety of approaches to impart functional properties to the fabrics including coatings, the addition of functional fillers, surface modifications, etc. Metallization techniques are also a good candidate to impart functionalities to textile fabrics. On the other hand, Cu2O is a diamagnetic solid that has a variety of applications from flexible electronics to gas sensing. In this study, one of the simplest plating techniques, the electroplating method, was applied to carbon fabric to provide Cu2O coating on the surface which can add the advantages of metal oxides on carbon fabric. The Cu2O particles were observed on the surface of carbon fabric using SEM and the elemental composition of the surface was investigated using the EDS method. The crystal structure of the coating was identified using the X-ray diffraction technique and Raman spectroscopy. To confirm the achieved structure, FTIR analysis was performed as well. The newly fabricated structure can be a promising candidate for supercapacitors, electromagnetic shielding materials, dielectric surfaces, etc.

Cu2O/TiO2 core–shell nanowire heterojunction for high-performance self-powered photodetector

High-performance self-powered photodetectors (PDs) have great commercial value in optical communication, intelligent sensing and medical diagnosis. However, the limited active area of traditional thin film heterojunction seriously restricts the photoelectric performance of the detector. In this paper, the Cu2O/TiO2 core-shell nanowire (NW) heterojunction PD was synthesized for the first time by simple hydrothermal and electrochemical deposition methods, which effectively improved the response performance and response speed of the device based on its broad photoactive area and ordered carrier transport path. The PD exhibits significant diode behavior, with rectification ratios of 543 at ±2 V. The responsivity is as high as 6.8 mA W−1 at zero bias under 490 nm illumination. The short rise and decay times measured are 0.09 and 0.18 s at zero bias, respectively. Obviously, this low-cost, high-performance self-powered Cu2O/TiO2 core-shell NW heterojunction PD shows great promise in future optoelectronic device applications.

Facile electrodeposition of CoMn2O4 nanoparticles on nickel foam as an electrode material for supercapacitors

In this study, we successfully utilized nickel foam (NF) as a scaffold for the direct deposition of ultra-thin CoMn₂O₄ (CMOs) through a one-step electrochemical deposition method. This was followed by annealing to produce a stable, free-standing electrode. This electrode was then used to develop an aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor (AASC). The optimized electrode demonstrated an exceptionally high specific capacitance of 2218.32 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and excellent cyclic stability, retaining 86.67% of its capacitance after 6000 cycles. An AASC device was also constructed, employing CMOs on NF as the cathode and commercially available activated carbon (AC) on carbon cloth (CC) as the anode. This configuration achieved a high energy density of 83.85 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 800.03 W kg−1, with robust cycling stability (∼87.16% retention after 16,000 cycles at 30.0 A g−1) and nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency. These results surpass those of many state-of-the-art supercapacitors (SCs), highlighting the significant potential for practical applications.

Nano FeNi-OH/Co(OH)2/NF p-n heterojunction for efficient oxygen evolution reaction and electrocatalytic urea oxidation: Built-In electric field regulated charge distribution and mechanism exploration

Constructing electronic structures with abundant surface/interface structures and effective regulation of catalytic active centers is an effective strategy to improve electrocatalytic performance, but designing efficient bifunctional non-noble metal oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and urea oxidation reaction (UOR) electrocatalysts remains challenging. Studies have shown that p-n heterojunctions can effectively regulate the electronic structure of catalytic active sites while having abundant surface/interface structure, which plays an important role in improving the native catalytic activity. Herein, FeNi-OH/Co(OH)2/NF p-n heterojunction structure was constructed by a simple electrochemical deposition method, and the effects of content, deposition time, and number of cycles on catalytic performance were investigated. The results show that Fe(0.02 M)Ni(0.07 M)–OH(100 s)/Co(OH)2(5)/NF composite material has the best OER and UOR catalytic performance. For OER, the electrocatalyst only requires an overpotential of 271 mV to obtain a current density of 50 mA cm−2, and an applied voltage of 1.56 V to obtain a total water decomposition of 10 mA cm−2 (FeNi-OH/Co(OH)2/NF||Pt). For UOR, a voltage of only 1.314 V (vs. RHE) is required to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2, and an applied voltage of 1.44 V can achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Experimental, in situ measurements and theoretical results indicate that the improvement in catalytic activity is mainly due to the potential difference between FeNi-OH and Co(OH)2, which induces self-driven charge transfer at the interface, promoting the adsorption of reactant molecules, optimizing reaction barriers, accelerating chemical bond cleavage, and thus promoting catalytic reactions.

OBTAINING COPPER SELENIDE NANOWIRES IN SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si TRACK TEMPLATES

This paper presents a study of copper selenide nanowires obtained for the first time by template synthesis. This method allows precise control of the size and morphology of nanostructures, which indicates its high efficiency in obtaining homogeneous and well-deposited copper selenide nanowires. The SiO2/Si track template was obtained by irradiation on a DC-60 accelerator (Astana, Kazakhstan), after which the track template was chemically etched to form cylindrical pores. After irradiation and further chemical etching, copper selenide was deposited into the SiO2/Si track template by electrochemical deposition method. The morphology and amount of deposited nanoprecipitates were observed using a QUANTA 200i electron microscope with 3D scanning. X-ray diffractometer was used to determine the crystallographic structure of copper selenide nanoprecipitates. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) was carried out on a Rigaku miniflex 600 X-ray diffractometer. The XRD analysis revealed the formation of cubic crystalline phase of copper selenide nanowires electrochemically deposited on SiO2/Si track template. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra were measured on a CM2203 spectrofluorimeter to study the optical properties of the nanowires. The PL spectra were recorded at room temperature from 300 nm to 800 nm in 5 nm steps under a xenon lamp. Differential decomposition of the FL spectra showed two main peaks (2.5 and 2.8 eV).

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ZnS NANOWIRES

The creation of a nanoporous silicon dioxide layer in the a-SiO2/Si-n structure was accomplished by irradiation with xenon ions at a cyclotron and then chemical etching with an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride with the addition of palladium. The truncated cone-shaped nanopores had diameters ranging from 486 to 509 nm. Then ZnS nanowires synthesized by electrochemical deposition (ECD) method, depending on the voltage at the electrodes of the electrolytic cell and as a result zinc sulfide nanowires with cubic structure and spatial symmetry group F-43m (216) were obtained. The sample is characterized by (111), (200), (220), (331) (311) planes, respectively, which is in good agreement with the cubic phase of ZnS. The charge-voltage characteristics (CVC) of ZnS showed that an n-type conductivity semiconductor was formed. Measurements of the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of ZnS were recorded on a CM 2203 spectrofluorimeter. The PL spectra were recorded in the range of 250 nm to 450 nm at room temperature. The PL spectra of the precipitated precipitates reveals emission in a wide UV-visible spectral range. It can be seen that the luminescence spectra have quite complex components and can be divided into five Gaussian curves. As can be seen the FL spectrum of the deposited ZnS consists of bands at 3.15 eV, 3.3 eV, 3.4 eV, 3.55 eV and 3.73 eV. Also analyzing the spectra energy dispersive analysis showed that the ZnS nanoproofs consist of Zn – 42.5% and S – 57.5%.

Electrochemical deposition and characterization of cuprous oxide crystallites on stainless substrates: Growth mechanism and morphological analysis

In this article, we present the growth process of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) crystallites on the stainless substrates from an aqueous cupric acetic solution under electrochemical deposition method. Copper acetate (Cu(Ac)2) aqueous solution was used as the electrolyte with the applied potential and reaction time for electrodeposition were varied in this study. Pure Cu2O crystallites of cubic phase with specific surface morphologies were observed under electrodeposited at certain temperature. The specific shape of crystallites electrodeposited at 25 °C is the structure with four identical pyramid-shaped leaves pointing outward and a pointing upward stamen in the middle. The crystal growth type can be classified as the branching growth through a surface diffusion mechanism based on the growth exponent (L ∝ t1/2). The growth of Cu2O crystal is suggested to be surface diffusion of adatoms in dendrite branching growth. A mechanism for the growth of Cu2O crystals under electrodeposition was proposed based on the XPS results. As the temperature increases, the morphology of Cu2O crystals under electrodeposition becomes thinner, but the shape does not change a lot.

A Single-Atom Au Catalyst Boosts High-Efficiency Electrochemical Seawater Oxidation

Alkaline seawater electrolysis has garnered significant attention as an efficient, green, and sustainable method for producing green hydrogen in recent years. However, the lack of highly active anodes in seawater electrolysis to prevent chloride oxidation reactions has limited its commercial application. In this study, Au single atoms were deposited on NiCoFeS through the electrochemical deposition method. The optimized catalyst exhibited significantly enhanced activity in seawater electrolyte; the Au@NiCoFeS catalyst achieved a current density of 10 mA/cm2 with only 183 mV and maintained its performance without degradation for 250 h at a current density of 200 mA/cm2, with no corrosion observed on either the catalyst or the substrate.

Electrochemical high sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide based on platinum-palladium nano-enzyme modified microelectrode

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is widely distributed in living organisms and the environment, and its concentration is closely associated with human health. Therefore, the development of an efficient and sensitive detection method for H2O2 is imperative. In this study, a PtPd nano-enzyme composite was electrodeposited onto a platinum wire microelectrode (ME) using a one-step electrochemical deposition method to fabricate an H2O2 electrochemical sensor (PtPd/ME) with exceptional performance. The successful modification of PtPd on the electrode surface was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Chronoamperometry (i-t) was employed to investigate various technical parameters including sensitivity, detection limit, detection range, reproducibility, and anti-interference capability. The results demonstrate that the sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 11.94 mA M-1 cm-2 with a detection limit of 0.034 μM and a wide linear range from 31.25 μM to 4.15 mM while also demonstrating excellent anti-interference properties. These superior performances can be attributed to the strong catalytic activity towards H2O2 provided by PtPd nanoparticles as well as the fast electron transfer rate facilitated by microelectrodes. Furthermore, this sensor effectively enables real-time monitoring of H2O2 released by ascorbic acid-stimulated vascular endothelial cells and demonstrates its potential for detecting H2O2 in contact lens care solutions. These findings provide valuable insights for food and drug testing, and demonstrate great potential for monitoring key pathological processes within living cells.

Oxidative MnO2 Template Assisted Electrochemical Fabrication of Graphene/Polypyrrole Supercapacitor Electrodes.

Improving the morphological structure of active materials is a reliable strategy for the fabrication of high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. In this study, we introduce a feasible approach to constructing the graphene/polypyrrole (PPy) composite film implanted onto the current collector through a two-step electrochemical deposition method utilizing MnO2 as an intermediary template. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hydrogel film is first hydrothermally grown on a carbon cloth (CC) substrate to obtain a porous rGO@CC electrode on which MnO2 is electrodeposited. Then the as-prepared rGO/MnO2@CC electrode is subjected to the electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole, with MnO2 acting as an oxidizing template to facilitate the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole, ultimately yielding an rGO/PPy composite film on CC. The PPy synthesized via this methodology exhibits a distinctive interconnected structure, resulting in superior electrochemical performance compared with the electrode with PPy directly electrodeposited on rGO@CC. The optimized electrode achieves an impressive specific capacitance of 583.6 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 and retains 83% of its capacitance at 20 A g-1, with a capacitance loss of only 9.5% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles. The corresponding all-solid-state supercapacitor could provide a high energy density of 22.5 Wh kg-1 and a power density of 4.6 kW kg-1, with a capacitance retention of 82.7% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, the device also demonstrates good flexibility performance upon bending at 90 and 180°. This work presents an innovative method for the preparation of carbon material/conducting polymer electrodes with specific structural characteristics and superior performance.

Novel High-Entropy FeCoNiMoZn-Layered Hydroxide as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

The exploration of catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with high activity and acceptable price is essential for water splitting to hydrogen generation. High-entropy materials (HEMs) have aroused increasing interest in the field of electrocatalysis due to their unusual physicochemical properties. In this work, we reported a novel FeCoNiMoZn-OH high entropy hydroxide (HEH)/nickel foam (NF) synthesized by a facile pulsed electrochemical deposition method at room temperature. The FeCoNiMoZn-OH HEH displays a 3D porous nanosheet morphology and polycrystalline structure, which exhibits extraordinary OER activity in alkaline media, including much lower overpotential (248 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and Tafel slope (30 mV dec−1). Furthermore, FeCoNiMoZn-OH HEH demonstrates excellent OER catalytic stability. The enhanced catalytic performance of the FeCoNiMoZn-OH HEH primarily contributed to the porous morphology and the positive synergistic effect between Mo and Zn. This work provides a novel insight into the design of HEMs in catalytic application.

Production of copper nanoparticles using alpha-amylase enzyme by an electrochemical deposition method

Production of copper nanoparticles using alpha-amylase enzyme by an electrochemical deposition method

Investigating the synergistic effect of ZnO/GO nanocomposite films for methylene blue removal

AbstractThis study aims to reveal the growth kinetics of ZnO nanoflakes and ZnO/GO nanocomposite films obtained at different Zn precursor salt concentrations by electrochemical deposition method and to evaluate the catalytic performances of the obtained films. The films were grown on FTO substrate with Zn precursor salt concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.125 M, and 0.175 M. Characterization of the obtained films was performed by XRD, SEM, UV–vis–NIR, Raman, and XPS analyses. The strong photocatalytic capabilities of the synthesized ZnO nanoflakes and ZnO/GO nanocomposite films were demonstrated by comparative analyses with the existing literature. Accordingly, photocatalytic experiments carried out under UVA irradiation revealed the high performance of the synthesized samples in the degradation of MB dye. The reaction kinetics were investigated using the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood kinetic model, resulting in high kobs values and R2 coefficients. ZnO nanoparticles showed a kobs of 0.038 min−1 and an R2 value of 0.96, while ZnO/GO nanocomposite films showed a kobs of 0.055 min−1 and an R2 value of 0.92. The significant increase in the degradation percentage shows the significant improvement achieved by the integration of GO, despite a slightly lower R2 value for the ZnO/GO nanocomposite film compared with ZnO nanoflakes films.

Application of MgO/ZrO2 coating on 309 stainless steel to increase resistance to corrosion at high temperatures and oxidation by an electrochemical method

Abstract 309 stainless steel is one of the steels that have the highest resistance to corrosion and thermal oxidation compared to other steel grades, but it should not be used at temperatures higher than 980°C if there are temperature fluctuations. Additionally, 309 stainless steel is not designed for use in wet environments and has the least corrosion resistance. This study aims to cover 309 stainless steel with MgO/ZrO2 particles using a two-step electroplating deposition method and then sintering to increase its resistance to wet corrosion and oxidation in temperature fluctuations. The intermediate ZrO2 coating makes the outer MgO layer about two times thicker and reduces the corrosion current density. The morphology of the coatings was determined using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and oxidation resistance was determined using cyclic oxidation tests and the wet corrosion test of the corrosion solution. 3.5% NaCl was used. The results showed that the coated samples, due to the use of TiO2 middle layer and MgO protective layer in the electrochemical method, have a 2-fold increase in wet corrosion and an increase in hardness of about 77%, as well as an increase in oxidation resistance of 1.8% compared to the sample without coating. Also, the reason for using the electrochemical deposition method is for better surface smoothness and less porosity of the coating as well as its use on all metals compared to thermal spray methods.