Elderly Visits Research Articles

Correlation Between Visiting Posyandu and Hypertension Prevention Among the Elderly at Simpang Tiga Public Health Center, Pekanbaru City

Hypertension is a common condition among the elderly that can lead to serious health complications if left untreated. The prevalence of hypertension in Pekanbaru City tends to increase with age, and it is more common among the elderly. Approximately 8.1% of people in Simpang Tiga Public Health Center (PHC) live with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between elderly visits to posyandu and the prevention of hypertension in the elderly. This research method used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. We conducted this research at the Simpang Tiga PHC in Pekanbaru City from January to July 2023, using a questionnaire to assess visits to the elderly and prevent hypertension. This study used purposive sampling technique. The sample for this research was 74 elderly. The analysis used was the frequency distribution and the chi-square test. There was a relationship between elderly visits to posyandu and the prevention of hypertension (p<0.001, OR=3.06, 95%CI=1.756-5.336). We recommend conducting a longitudinal or intervention study to provide deeper insights and assist in the development of more effective strategies for the prevention of hypertension in the elderly.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ROLE OF CADRES AND THE VISIT OF THE ELDERLY IN PARTICIPATING THE POSYANDU FOR THE ELDERLY IN KEMENDUNG HAMLET, PENANGGUNGAN VILLAGE, TRAWAS DISTRICT, MOJOKERTO DISTRICT

The role of cadre holds a major role in running health services in posyandu to realize optimal health status, so that all activities conducted by cadre leads to the purpose and purpose of posyandu. The research aimed to know the relationship of role of cadres with elderly visit in follow elderly posyandu in Kemendung hamlet Penanggungan village, Trawas sub-district, Mojokerto regency. Research design used correlational analytics with cross sectional approach,The population of elderly people in Kemendung Hamlet aged 60-74 years of 120 elderly. Sampling technique used by means of Total Sampling to get a sample of 120 elderly. Data were collected using questionnaires instruments for cadre and KMS roles to find out elderly visits. Data analysis using cross tabulation.The result of the research shows that from 49 respondents who evaluated the role of positive cadres in their active visit were 24 respondents (49.0%) and from 71 respondents who assessed the role of negative cadres in the visit that never was 44 respondents (62.0%). It can be included that there is a relationship between the Relationship Role of Cadres with Elderly Visit to Elderly Posyandu In Dusun Kemendung Village Penanggungan District Trawas Mojokerto Regency. It is because the role of cadres can affect the liveliness of the posyandu elderly visit. The better the role of cadres in running posyandu, the higher the liveliness of visit in posyandu elderly.

Analysis of Factors and the Role of Posyandu Elderly in Influencing the Elderly to Come to Health Services

The increase in the elderly population presents many challenges in the field of health services. The elderly population influences so many aspects of people's lives, one of which is the need for acute and long-term health care. Posyandu for the elderly is a forum for activities from the community and for the community which is supported by cross-sectoral collaboration, and the community health center provides technical support and guidance. Activities at the posyandu include preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative activities. The success of health services for the elderly in the form of promotive, preventive, and curative efforts through means and facilities such as posyandu for the elderly and community health centers is determined to a large extent by the behavior and perspective of the elderly themselves which shape their attitudes and actions in selecting services. So there will be many factors that influence elderly people coming to health services. This research aims to obtain information about the factors and role of elderly posyandu in influencing elderly visits to health service centers. This article method uses a literature review design, namely the researcher reviews, summarizes, and writes down thoughts on several pieces of literature such as articles. The results of this literature review show that factors such as elderly posyandu, finances, social support, knowledge, and physical accessibility influence elderly visits to health services. Understanding these factors can help in designing interventions aimed at improving older adults' access to necessary health services.

Relationship between Family Support and Elderly Visits at the Elderly Posyandu in Liu Mulang Village, Long Pahangai District

Efforts to optimize the health status of the elderly in the community through the elderly posyandu program have been designed and applied but still found lack of utilization of these services. This type of research is quantitative and The population is the elderly in Liu Mulang Village, Long Pahangai District, totaling 52 people. The research was conducted at the elderly Posyandu in Liu Mulang Village, Long Pahangai District in March 2023. Characteristics of respondents mostly from respondents aged between 60-65 years (73.1%), male sex (55.8%), high school graduation education (61.5%), and not working/retirement (34, 6%).Family support to visit the elderly posyandu in the elderly lacks (53.8%) and the elderly visit to the elderly posyandu is not routine (55.8%).There is a relationship between family support and elderly visit (p value 0.030). it means there is a relationship between family support and elderly visits to the elderly Posyandu.

Relationship Between Motivation and Family Support with Elderly Visits to Integrated Healthcare Center for Elderly in The Working Area of Asa Village

Introduction: Integrated Healthcare Center for the elderly is a program implemented by the government and run by the Public Health Centre and cadres around the Integrated Healthcare Center for the elderly for health services to the elderly involving several parties such as the government, the elderly, families, community leaders and social organizations. Objective: To determine the relationship between motivation and family support with elderly visits to the Integrated Healthcare Center for the elderly in the working area of ??Kampung Asa. Methods: The design of this study was descriptive correlation with a cross-sectional approach carried out in January 2022. Result and Discussion: Statistical test found the relationship between motivation and elderly visits to the Integrated Healthcare Center for the elderly (pvalue = 0.00). The relationship between family support and elderly visits to the Integrated Healthcare Center for the elderly (pvalue = 0.01). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between motivation and family support with elderly visits to the Integrated Healthcare Center for the elderly in the working area of ??Kampung Asa

KAJIAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU KUNJUNGAN LANSIA KE POSYANDU LOURDES, KELURAHAN OETETE WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS OEBOBO

The elderly are a group of people who are at an age at risk of experiencing physical and psychological disorders, thus requiring continuous health monitoring. One of the efforts to monitor the health of the elderly can be done through the Posyandu for the elderly. This study aims to describe the behavior of elderly visits, the distance to the posyandu for the elderly, family support and perceptions of the elderly's needs for the elderly posyandu. This type of research is a descriptive research with case study research method. The research location is the Lourdes Elderly Posyandu, Oebobo Village in the month of March-April 2022. The population of this study is all elderly registered at the Lourdes Posyandu, Oetete Village, totaling 50 elderly. The sample in this study was the elderly who were recorded as visiting the Lourdes Posyandu, Oetete Village in the last month of the implementation of the Elderly Posyandu from the time the research was carried out. The sampling technique in this study was accidental sampling, namely the technique of determining the sample based on chance, namely the respondents who coincidentally/incidentally met the researcher when the research was carried out, namely as many as 14 elderly people.

Does free health insurance improve health care use and labour market outcomes of the elderly in Ghana?

Affordable access to health care was a challenge for the elderly in Ghana until the introduction of the National Health Insurance Scheme in 2003, where the elderly were exempted from premium payments. The study employs household-level data from the Ghana Living Standard Survey to investigate whether exempting the elderly from health insurance premium payments affects healthcare utilisation and labour market outcomes of the elderly in Ghana. The study finds that having health insurance increases the elderly visits to a health facility and the probability of being treated by health professionals. For labour market outcomes, the results indicate that free health insurance increases both the number of hours worked and earnings of the elderly and the size of the increase in earnings in agriculture is slightly larger for females than with males.

THE ROLE OF CADRES TO VISIT THEIR ELDERLY IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Elderely Posyandu is service post for societies an advanced age in a certain region any obstacles elderly in following Posyandu is mostly elderly did not know the schedule of posyandu. Hence research is to analyze the relation between role of Posyandu cadre and the elderly to visit elderly Posyandu. The design of this study was descriptive research consists of two variables namely the role of cadres an visit posyandu elderly. The population enrolled in the elderly posyandu was 56 people and the sample size 37 respondents.Sampling techbique using purposive samples of data collection techniques namely primary data for the role of posyandu cadres and secondary data of elderly visits taken from posyandu regrister. The research result of the respondens, 37 cadres role is not 62,1% and elderly who are not routine visit to posyandu 64,8%. Senior cadres who said posyandu play a role and elderly who regularly 10 visit people (71,4%), Whereas in the cadre who did not play role of posyandu not routine 21 people (91,3%). The role of cadres is one of the things that affect the elderly to visit Posyandu. It is recommended that solid foundation oc cadres of posyandu further increase its role. So the elderly routinely visit the Posyandu.

Factors Affecting the Utilization of the Elderly Post Integrated Service in the Work Area of Hinai Kiri Health Center, Langkat Regency

The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that influence the use of posyandu for the elderly in the Hinai Kiri Health Center Work Area, Langkat Regency in 2021. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional design, a population of 1271 people, a sample with a stratified random sampling technique as many as 93 respondents. This study uses a questionnaire. The analysis of this study used univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The statistical test used was the chi square test and logistic regression. The results of the chi-square test were obtained on the knowledge variable p = 0.008, attitude p = 0.005, occupation p = 0.007, distance p = 0.005 and family support p = 0.006 which indicated that there were factors that influenced the use of posyandu for the elderly. The most influential variable is knowledge with an Exp(B) value of 1.438-5.400. The conclusion in this study is that there is an influence of knowledge, attitudes, work, distance and family support on the use of the Posyandu for the elderly in the Hinai Kiri Health Center Work Area, Langkat Regency in 2021. It is recommended to health workers at the Puskesmas in particular to improve counseling and counseling more intensively about the importance of Posyandu the elderly regularly and motivate the elderly to be more routine to participate in elderly visits at least once a month so that the health conditions of the elderly are maintained.

Factors Affecting Visiting Post Integrated Service for Elderly in the Work Area of Hinai Kiri Health Center, Langkat Regency

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the visit of the posyandu for the elderly in the Hinai Kiri Health Center Work Area, Langkat Regency. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional design, with a sample of 59 respondents. This research uses a questionnaire. The research time is March-November 2021 as a follow-up to the end of the research. The analysis of this study used Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate. The statistical test used is the chi square test and longistic regression. The results of the study on the effect of Knowledge (P-value 0.008), Attitude (P-value 0.002), Distance (P-value 0.004), Family Support (P-value 0.009), Health Officer Support (P-value 0.003), and based on the test logistic regression Knowledge, Distance, Attitude, Family Support, Support of Health Workers are variables that affect Posyandu visits. The conclusion in this study shows that there is a significant influence between knowledge, attitude, distance, family support and support from health workers on posyandu visits in the Hinai Kiri Health Center Work Area, Secanggang District, Langkat Regency. It is recommended to health workers at the Puskesmas in particular to improve counseling and counseling more intensively about the importance of the posyandu for the elderly on a regular basis and to motivate the elderly to be more routine to participate in elderly visits at least once a month so that the health condition of the elderly is maintained.

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KUNJUNGAN LANSIA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI POSBINDU PTM KELURAHAN TIPULU UPTD PUSKESMAS BENU-BENUA KOTA KENDARI

Background: The number of the elderly population in Indonesia continues to increase while the health of the elderly is still relatively low. Thus, the government holds a special program, namely the Elderly Integrated Health Center, in certain areas that have been agreed upon and driven by the community where they can get health services. However, elderly visits to Integrated Health Center in several places are still low, with an average visit of around 41.76%. This is still far from the target that has been set by the Department of Health, which is 80%. Objective of the study: to analyze the factors related to elderly visits during the Covid-19 pandemic at Posbindu PTM, Tipulu Village, UPTD Benu-benua Public Health Center, Kendari City. Methods: The type of study used was analytic observational with a cross-sectional study design. The researcher used stratified random sampling as a sampling technique and found 78 people. The data collection was carried out using primary data questionnaires distributed to the elderly. The data analysis used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Results: The results of the study at the 95% confidence level (CI) obtained anxiety factors (X2 count = 41.693 and p-value 0.758), attitude (X2 count = 4.363 and p-value 0.266), and family support (X2 count = 15,462 and p-value 0.473). Conclusion: This study can be concluded that there is a strong relationship between anxiety and elderly visits during the Covid-19 pandemic at PTM Posbindu, there is a moderate relationship between attitudes and elderly visits during the Covid-19 pandemic at PTM Posbindu, and there is a moderate relationship between family support and elderly visits during the Covid-19 pandemic at Posbindu PTM, Tipulu Village, UPTD Benu-benua Public Health Center, Kendari City. Suggestion: It is recommended for health workers to provide counseling related to Covid-19 and using PTM Posbindu.

Evaluasi Level Kognitif dan Kepatuhan Kunjungan Lansia pada Pos Pembinaan Terpadu (Posbindu) di Masa Pandemik Covid-19: Studi Cross Sectional

Posbindu is a form of community service in carrying out early detection and monitoring of risk factors for major non-communicable diseases which is carried out in an integrated, routine, and periodic manner involving the role of the community under the guidance of the Puskesmas. The pandemic period made all mass activities limited so that elderly visits to posbindu also decreased. The decrease in elderly visits has led to an increase in uncontrolled non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of the elderly about non-communicable diseases with the level of adherence to Posbindu visits in the Pandemic Period. This type of research is a correlational study with a cross sectional approach (cross-sectional). The population of this study was Paguyangan Village residents aged 65 to 80 years in the Paguyangan Community Health Center working area with a total of 437 people. The sample used was 37 people using the Slovin formula. The research instrument used a knowledge questionnaire about non-communicable diseases consisting of 27 questions and a questionnaire about adherence to posbindu visits consisting of 10 questions. Data analysis used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The results of the study stated that there was a significant relationship between the knowledge of the elderly and the compliance of the elderly visiting posbindu with p value = 0.000 <0.05. The better the knowledge level of the elderly, the more obedient they are to visiting posbindu. Medical officers must be more intensive in providing health services in posbindu because the level of knowledge and compliance of the elderly is already good. The results of this study can be used as a measure to further improve the quality of posbindu services in Paguyangan Village. This research can also be used as the basis for the idea of ​​providing nursing innovations for the readiness to increase knowledge of the elderly and nursing interventions that can be carried out by the elderly independently by involving the family.

Overview of Elderly Visit to Posyandu Reviewed From Senior Education in Sidoarjo

The Elderly Posyandu is an Integrated Service Post for the elderly in a certain area. Reports from Elly's research data in Sukodono village - Sidoarjo in 2014 that participated in the elderly posyandu obtained 50% of the 70% target. For this reason, it is very interesting to conduct a study again which aims to find out the description of elderly visits to posyandu in terms of elderly education. The research design used was descriptive without statistical tests with a total population of 15 respondents overall aged 45 years which was conducted in August 2019 at Tanggulangin Asri RT 01 RW 06 Tanggulangin Village, Sidoarjo. The study used secondary data by recording the format for tracing educational data and elderly visits in the register book. The data were analyzed descriptively using frequency and percentage tables as well as cross tables. The results showed that the elderly who actively visited the posyandu for the elderly were high school (23.1%) while the elderly who did not actively attend the elderly visits had more elementary education (100%). and Universities (100%). So it can be said that most (80%) elderly are not active in attending elderly visits. So it is advisable for health workers to provide information about the importance of screening in the elderly.

Determinan Partisipasi Lansia pada Program Posyandu Lansia di Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Background: Government seeks health services for the elderly by holding the Elderly Posyandu. Gelang urban village 3th hamlet is working area of Rakit 1 Health Center which has a decreased percentage of elderly visits, namely 25.75% in September and 16.5% in October. This is due to the physical condition of the elderly and the concern of the elderly when the disease is revealed. The purpose of this study was to determine the participation of elderly and factors supporting and inhibiting. Methods: research method uses a qualitative approach with purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with 7 peoples. To prove the validity of the data using triangulation techniques to 5 people. Results: form of elderly participation is social participation, existence of proposals, and the provision of voluntary cash. The percentage elderly visits showed only 10.62%. This is because of positive response from elderly, as gathering place, existence gymnastics activities, distance and friendly service. The inhibiting factors are physical condition, the busyness, fear, incomplete infrastructure, lack of family support, existence of screening, and forget about the schedule of activities. Conclusion: participation still low so efforts are needed community leaders to overcome the inhibiting factors to increase elderly visits. Keywords: Participation, Inhibiting, Supporting, Utilization of Posyandu

Analisis Faktor Kepatuhan Lansia dalam Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Posyandu Lansia di Banjar Wangaya Kaja Denpasar Utara

There are 901 million people aged 60 years or over, comprising 12% of the world's population (Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2015). The Morbidity rate in the elderly in 2015 was 28.62%, which means that for every 100 elderly people, 28 people are sick (Kemenkes RI, 2017). The utilization of health services in the elderly Posyandu is still far from the expected target. (Aprilia, 2019): out of 105 elderly, 65.7% do not regularly go to Posyandu in Pekanbaru. The data on elderly visits to the Banjar WangayaKaja elderly posyandu in the last three months were 41 elderly (29.31%). This study aims to analyze the obedience factor of the elderly in the utilization of posyandu services for the elderly.A cross-sectional study was conducted in Banjar WangayaKaja, Denpasar Utara in October-November 2019. The sample was 99 elderly with non-probability sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. Elderly who changed residence, were sick / hospitalized and totally dependent were not sampled. Demographic data, the distance from the elderly's house to the elderly posyandu and the knowledge of the elderly were obtained by distributing questionnaires, the attendance of the elderly was obtained based on attendance in the past one year. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression was carried out to obtain POR.There was a relationship between POR age = 0.17 (95% CI: 0.03-0.94), education POR = 2.71 (95% CI: 1.23-6.01) and the role of cadres POR = 59 , 64 (95% CI: 9,18-387,41) with elderly compliance in the utilization of posyandu services for the elderly. Factors that were not statistically found to be associated were gender (p-value: 0.552), occupation (p-value: 0.490), location distance to elderly posyandu (p-value: 0.009) and knowledge (p-value: 0.894). Cadres further enhance their roles, such as conducting home visits, as motivators as an effort to improve posyandu services for the elderly.

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kunjungan Lanjut Usia di Sentra Pelayanan Kesehatan Masyarakat

The study aims to analyze the factors that influence elderly visits at public health service centers. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study was as many as 2.000 elderly people in Sikur District of East Lombok Regency. The sample was selected randomly sampling, determined by the formula Slovin (10% leeway percentage), with a sample of 98 elderly people. The instruments used in the form of questionnaires about factors that affect elderly visits include environmental support, perception, knowledge, character, alternative activities, and the management of public health service centers. Data collection is done through the dissemination and filling of questionnaires by the elderly related to factors that affect visits. The results showed that factors affecting elderly visits include: 1) environmental support, sig value. (ρ = 0.000); 2) perception, sig value. (ρ = 0.015); 3) knowledge, sig value. (ρ = 0.013); 4) character, sig value. (ρ = 0.125); 5) alternative activities, sig values. (ρ = 0.002); and 6) posyandu management, sig value. (ρ = 0,000). Thus, it can be stated that factors such as environmental support, elderly perception, elderly knowledge, alternative elderly activities, and management affect elderly visits in the center of public health services in Sikur District of East Lombok Regency.

Survey and Analysis of Age and Antiplatelet/Anticoagulation Medication Status of the Desert Regional Medical Center Emergency Department Patients.

ObjectiveTo delineate whether the geographical region served by the Desert Regional Medical Center (DRMC) emergency department (ED) in Palm Springs, California has a higher percentage of patients taking antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant medications during the winter season due to the seasonal influx of elderly patients.MethodWe conducted a prospective study in the patients seen in the DRMC ED between November 12, 2019 and November 14, 2019, and those patients were anonymously surveyed regarding their outpatient use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications. Verbal consent for participation was obtained. All the registered patients at the DRMC ED during the prescribed period of time were included. While the patients who were sent home by a triage nurse for non-medical issues or minor ailments requiring no treatment from ED providers and patients who refused to participate or were unable to consent were excluded. Age, gender, medication status including whether on any medication, antiplatelet and anticoagulant use, including dosage, and last dose time were recorded.ResultsOf the 110 consecutive patients arriving to the ED during the study period, 11 patients were unwilling or unable to provide consent for participation. Of the 99 participating patients, 37 (37%) were over 65 years old. The most common antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant medication taken by the patients was aspirin (24 patients). Aspirin was most commonly taken as once a day, in a total of 11 patients (11%). Thirty patients were taking one or more antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications. ConclusionED at a hospital in Palm Springs, California has more elderly visits as compared to the national and California state averages. However, antiplatelet usage in elderly patients in our study was lower than the national average.

Mandible Bone Osteoporosis Detection using Cone-beam Computed Tomography

Osteoporosis is a common health problem that affects one-third of women over the age of 50 and it may not be detected until bone fractures occur. Osteoporosis is low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, which affects bone fragility and raises fracture risks. Early mandible bone osteoporosis detection could help reduce the risk of jaw fracture and dental implant failure. To solve this problem, a diagnostic algorithm for automatic detection of osteoporosis in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images is presented and 120 mandible CBCT images of 50-85 year-old women have been utilized. These images are classified into two classes: normal and osteoporotic. Their classification is based on the T-score which derives from the Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). The proposed algorithm consists of image processing, feature extraction, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classification. Images are segmented and edges are detected. Then, texture features are extracted from the segmented regions. Finally, a feed-forward back-propagation ANN classifier is employed. Seven parameters were involved in the experiment data preparation as input: coarseness, contrast, direction, number of edges, length of edges, mean length of edges, and the number of edge pixels. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. With the help of the proposed method, dentists will be able to predict osteoporosis accurately and efficiently without the need for further examination since CBCT has been widely accepted in dentistry and the dentist is the most common health care professional that elderly visit regularly.

PKM: improving the posyandu elderly capacity to improve the degree of elderly health

Kubutambahan and Bulian Village are two villages that are included in the working area of the Primary health care in Kubutambahan. Integrated Healthcare Center (IHC) elderly in these two villages still have lower coverage than other villages. In addition, the elderly IHC cadre are also not very active in promoting activities and inviting all elderly elements in the villages of Bulian and Kubutamabahan to come to the IHC. The elderly exercise becomes innovative as an improvement in the quality of life of the elderly. In view of the need for active cadres so that elderly gymnastic instructors are not only trained by health workers but also by elderly IHC cadres themselves. The method used is application technology with three patern (promotion, information and education). The stages of implementation are preparation, implementation and evaluation. The target is for all the elderly in the working area of the health center. The results of this service include the provision of IHC information through loudspeakers car, cadre training, provision of additional food as a reward for the arrival of the elderly to the IHC, providing health information and elderly exercise. This service is effectively carried out so that there is an increase in elderly visits and elderly cadres become trained. In addition, the elderly cadre also developed themselves by becoming an elderly gymnastic instructor. The conclusion is that there is an increase in elderly visits and cadres are increasingly trained.

The Role of Volunteers in Improving Services in Elderly Integrated Service Centers

The elderly attendance rate at the elderly integrated service centre for healthy sources of kangkung village is only 14.31%, this is far from the national coverage rate of 80%. The role of the volunteer is one of the factors supporting the presence of the elderly, through increasing the role of volunteer it is expected to be able to increase elderly visits. The Objective of this research to describe the role of the volunteer in the elderly integrated service centre in the village of kangkung. This research used descriptive research with cross-sectional approach. The study population was a cadre of healthy elderly integrated service centre sources kangkung village mranggen district. The research sample uses a total sampling technique. Data analysis in this study used univariate. As many as 12 people (60%) volunteer played a good role as coordinators, as many as 12 people (60%) played a good role as community mobilizers, as many as 10 people (50%) played a good role as providers of health promotion, as many as 15 people (75 %) played a good role in terms of basic aid providers, as many as 16 people (80%) played a good role in the documentation. The role of coordinator, community mobilizer, basic assistance provider and documentation has been going well, the role as health promotion provider is still poor. The volunteer is expected to be more active in playing roles in improving the services of elderly integrated service centre.