Elderly Prisoners Research Articles

Challenges and Implementation of Human Rights in the Personality Development of Elderly Prisoners

Challenges and Implementation of Human Rights in the Personality Development of Elderly Prisoners

Prevalence of skin diseases among elderly prisoners in Taiwan: an examination of skin health in prison

BackgroundAlthough prisoner health is a topic of significant importance, it has received limited attention in epidemiological studies, likely due to challenges in obtaining data. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of skin diseases among elderly prisoners in Taiwan.MethodsWe examined the presence of skin diseases in 2215 elderly prisoners based on the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). Additionally, the most common types of skin diseases among elderly prisoners in Taiwan were identified.ResultsThe prevalence of skin diseases among prisoners was estimated to be 55.03%. Elderly men prisoners exhibited a higher prevalence of skin diseases than the women prisoners. The most common skin diseases observed were as follows: contact dermatitis and other forms of eczema; pruritus and related conditions; cellulitis and abscesses; and urticaria.ConclusionSkin diseases were identified in more than half of the elderly prisoners. The overall quality of life of elderly prisoners can be improved by addressing their skin health, which would contribute to the fulfilment of their basic human rights.Clinical trials numberNA.

Prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among elderly inmates in Taiwan prisons

BackgroundPrisoner health is a topic of significant importance; however, it has received limited attention in epidemiological studies, likely because of challenges in obtaining relevant data. Specifically, research on ocular disorders among elderly prisoners is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of disorders of the eye and adnexa among elderly prisoners in Taiwan.MethodsWe investigated the presence of eye and adnexal disorders in elderly prisoners in Taiwan using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The ocular disorders were identified using the appropriate disease codes in the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision Clinical Modification (codes 360–379). In addition, the most common types of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners were identified.ResultsA total of 2215 elderly prisoners (age ≥ 65 years; 2073 men and 142 women) were examined. The prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners was 18.87%. The elderly female prisoners exhibited a higher prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders than the elderly male prisoners. The most common disorders were disorders of the conjunctiva, cataract, and disorders of the lacrimal system.ConclusionsA considerable proportion of elderly prisoners have disorders of the eye and adnexa. The overall quality of life of elderly prisoners can be improved by addressing their visual health, which contributes to the fulfillment of their basic human rights.

The Effectiveness of Correctional Institutions for Children, Female, and Elderly Inmates in Sidoarjo District

Correctional Institutions are institutions implementing the criminal system whose function is to develop correctional inmates, including, in this case, women who are serving sentences and required to participate in the entire series of training activities in correctional institutions. In this case, the effectiveness of coaching prisoners can provide a good role model for others, especially prisoners of female, children, and the elderly. Then, the supporting factors can be used as examples to become even better in the future, and better solutions can be found for factors that can hinder development. This research aims to determine the pattern of coaching females, children, and elderly prisoners and to determine the factors that inhibit and support coaching. Synergy is needed between all parties involved, starting from prisoners, correctional officers, and related agencies, in cooperating with each other in carrying out training for female, child, and elderly prisoners to overcome problems in the implementation of training for female, child, and elderly prisoners, For this reason, it is necessary to carry out treatment and guidance to achieve better goals, and if the convict leaves, he will create an independent character and have a better leadership spirit.

Legal Protection For Juvenile, Female, and Elderly Prisoners in The Provisions of Facilities

A Penitentiary is an implementing institution of the criminal system that functions to foster prisoners, including in this case women who undergo criminal punishment are required to participate in a whole series of formation activities in prisons. In this case, the effectiveness of the formation of prisoners can set a good example and example to others, especially for women, children, and elderly prisoners. Then the supporting factors can be used as examples for better in the future and factors that can hinder the coaching can be found better solutions. The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern of coaching female, child, and elderly prisoners and determine the inhibiting and supporting factors of coaching. To overcome problems in the implementation of the development of women, children, and elderly prisoners, synergy is needed between all parties involved, ranging from prisoners, correctional officers, and related agencies to cooperate in the implementation of training for women, children, and elderly prisoners. For this reason, it is necessary to handle and coach to achieve better goals, and if the prisoner has come out, it will create an independent character and have a better leadership spirit

Juridical Review of the Implementation of Recreation Rights for Elderly Prisoners in Correctional Institutions

The population of prisoners in correctional institutions is diverse including children, adults and the elderly. Elderly prisoners experience unique challenges. Elderly prisoners need special attention and treatment given their age and health condition. This research purposes to explore the implementation of recreational rights for elderly prisoners based on Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 and to identify the impact of the implementation of recreational rights on the rehabilitation and prosperity of elderly prisoners in correctional institutions. The method used in this research can be described as normative research or literature study research, where the focus is on the analysis of library materials or secondary data. The results of the research found are that recreational activities provided to elderly prisoners can be in the form of outdoor physical activities, additional activities in the form of information and knowledge development of prisoners and daily entertainment activities. Although there are not many elderly prisoners, they need special attention according to their needs like children and women in Indonesia. Special treatment for elderly prisoners helps ease the process of rehabilitation and recovery

가석방 없는 종신형의 입법과 그 정당성 고찰

In recent years, there has been an increase in citizens’ anxiety about violent crimes due to ‘abnormal motives’ resulting in murders and indiscriminate violent crimes. As one of the measures, the government (Ministry of Justice) is seeking to establish a so-called “Life imprisonment without parole”.
 However, there has not been sufficient discussion and social consensus on issues such as whether the system contributes to reducing the rate of violent crime over the introduction of life imprisonment without parole, whether it may violate the Constitution, which values human dignity as the highest value, by fundamentally blocking prisoners’ rehabilitation, improvement, and rehabilitation into society, and whether it increases medical and administrative costs due to overcrowding in prisons and the increase in the number of elderly prisoners.
 In this paper, while keeping in mind the relationship between life imprisonment and the death penalty, we provide an overview of the legislation and application of life imprisonment in the United States, and examine the problems of life imprisonment based on the results of recent important research on life imprisonment. Based on these findings, we examined the legitimacy of the “life sentence without parole” that the Ministry of Justice is currently seeking to introduce.
 Many states in the United States either introduce life imprisonment without parole after abolishing the death penalty, or still retain the death penalty after introducing life imprisonment without parole. Life imprisonment is also applied to non-murder offenses. However, recent legislation and precedent recognize life imprisonment without parole as a cruel punishment with the same characteristics as the death penalty. In other words, life imprisonment without parole places all the blame on criminals, deprives them of hope of rehabilitation and seriously undermines their dignity and humanity as human beings.
 In conclusion, when examining penal reforms, including the abolition of the death penalty, countries with the rule of law should always take humanitarian and human rights considerations as the criteria for the purpose of modern punishment: rehabilitation into society. However, life imprisonment without parole cannot contribute to the realization of the purpose of modern punishment, which is to humanize, rehabilitate, rehabilitate, and resocialize punishment. Therefore, the introduction of life imprisonment without parole as an alternative and sub-sentence to the death penalty should be avoided.

Pembinaan Khusus Narapidana Lanjut Usia di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas 1 Surabaya

Elderly prisoners are classified as a special vulnerable group because at that age they have decreased immunity and physical weakness so special treatment is needed. Correctional Institution must be able to fulfill the rights of elderly prisoners while they are serving their sentences. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of guidance for elderly prisoners and the obstacles faced by the Surabaya Class 1 Correctional Institution. The type of this study is empirical legal research. The results showed that the guidance for elderly prisoners at the Surabaya Class 1 Correctional Institution has not been running optimally.. This is due to budget constraints from the government, lack of human resources, insufficient infrastructure, the covid-19 pandemic, lack of support from the families of prisoners, and the difficulties of marketing the work products of prisoners. But with these obstacles, various kinds of efforts can be made to handle the problem

Ageing of convicted prisoners: some problems and solutions (domestic and comparativistic aspects)

The subject of the article is the peculiarities of the execution of imprisonment in relation to the elderly (over 50 years old) as an independent legal institution of penitentiary law in Russia and abroad.The purpose of the article is to identify the patterns and problems of the execution of punishment in the form of imprisonment in relation to elderly people (over 50 years old) in Russia and abroad, taking into account the growth trend of this category of prisoners and propose a legal solution to the problem.Main tasks: (1) to determine using statistical indicators the change in the number of elderly prisoners and identify the main trend in quantitative indicators; (2) identify problems that arise in elderly prisoners due to the lack of legislative regulation of the organization of an accessible environment in correctional institutions; (3) conduct a comparative analysis of the organization of medical care in relation to the elderly when serving a sentence of imprisonment in Russia and abroad; (4) determine ways to improve Russian legislation in the field of punishment in the form of imprisonment in relation to elderly prisoners.Research methodology. When studying the tendency of aging convicts to imprisonment in Russia and abroad, an analysis of statistical data was used. The work is a comparative legal study as a result of the study of domestic and foreign experience in the execution of sentences in the form of imprisonment, as well as the penal policy of Russia and foreign countries in relation to elderly prisoners; specific sociological technique was used when conducting a survey of persons over 55 years old serving a sentence of imprisonment in Russia; the formal-legal method made it possible to formulate a number of proposals on the need to reform penitentiary institutions, taking into account the age characteristics of this category of convicts.Main results and scope of their application. Firstly, the possibility of allocating a separate chapter to the PEC of the Russian Federation on the peculiarities of the execution of punishment in the form of imprisonment of elderly convicts is justified. Secondly, the definition of the concept of "accessible environment", as well as the peculiarities of medical care for elderly convicts, taking into account the relevant experience of foreign countries. Thirdly, there is a need to form legal institutions for the socialization and resocialization of elderly people (over 55 years old) during the period of serving criminal sentences in the form of imprisonment, taking into account age characteristics and foreign experience.Conclusion. Age characteristics and health conditions have a direct impact on the correctional impact of those sentenced to imprisonment. Russian and foreign experience clearly show that at present there is no unified political and legal approach in relation to elderly prisoners, despite the general growth trend of this category of persons. In Russia and abroad, there is a need to build correctional institutions of a new type, which will take into account, among other things, the age characteristics of the convicts. In this case, it is necessary to start with the development of individual legal institutions.

‘Time's relentless melt’: The severity of life imprisonment through the prism of old age

This paper considers the pains of life-sentence imprisonment through the novel vantage point of old age understood as a process. Our prison populations are getting older and the use of life sentences is dramatically increasing. Yet, research, campaigning, law and policy have not addressed the long-term consequences of imposing life sentences on prisoners who will age. Whilst far from exhaustive, our study draws on studies in gerontology, health policy and penology. We rely on shared analysis of collected official data from the US and the UK to highlight how the expansion and growth of life sentences on the one hand, and the dramatic aging of the prison population, on the other, are intertwined and need to be considered together. This article emphasizes the urgency of taking a holistic approach to penal severity, one that includes analyses of scale, lived experiences, as well as of law and politics, to uncover the multiple forms of marginalization elderly prisoners are exposed to. Aging is a phenomenon we will all experience, yet, in the context of imprisonment, we argue that old age is a ‘prison problem’ rather than a ‘prisoner problem,’, urging research and policy to depart from the conventional and reductive view of the older prisoner as one in need of transformation and treatment or as being inherently criminal.

Attitudes toward elderly inmates in correctional facilities

Objective: Psychological well-being and mental health of elderly inmates are investigated by international organization, committees and researchers. One of the main factors that influence their quality of life, daily mood and well-being is interpersonal relationship. Numerous empirical data confirm the importance of interpersonal relationship and attitudes toward aging. An attitude can be defined as an evaluation of a stimulus as reflected in our cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to the problem (Fiske &Taylor, 1991). In the field of geriatric psychology, research has focused on the problem of interpersonal relationship between elderly people and workers in prison environment. Prison officers are responsible for the safety and security of the prison facility (Bezerra et al., 2016), for supporting offender rehabilitation efforts and for managing organizational demands (Schaufeli & Peeters, 2000). Despite their importance to the running of the prison system, the health and wellbeing of prison officers remains poor. Hypotheses: H0: There isn’t any correlation between the social support inmates have, and their quality of life H1: The more social support correlate the higher level of inmates’ quality of life Methods: The systematic review of research and policy papers, articles that published on interpersonal relationship between elderly inmates and officers in correctional facilities, also effective programs outcomes were conducted. The main symptoms of the problem were measured with special checklist and questionnaires. Results: The elderly inmates experience emotional instability; tendency to self-accusations; anxiety-depressive response; low tolerance for frustration; mistrust and heightened criticism of others; intra and interpersonal conflict. A systematic approach in psychological work with elderly prisoners, also officers allows for the transition from a symptomatic to a personality-oriented level of psychological impact. Psychological emotional support can renew their hope on life, influence positive outcomes of the support program. According to the results of repeated psychological research, the patient's condition was characterized by positive dynamics: the level of psychological distress and the intensity of psychological distress significantly decreased, the general internality of the personality increased, as well as the subjective assessment of personal well-being. Conclusion: It is necessary to focus the attention of specialists on the advisability of using psycho-educational programs in a prison environment, providing information about the aging dynamically. Such programs, used at the initial stages of work with patients, contribute to the creation of motivation for personal psychotherapy and significantly increase its effectiveness.

Attitudes toward elderly inmates in correctional facilities

Objective: Psychological well-being and mental health of elderly inmates are investigated by international organization, committees and researchers. One of the main factors that influence their quality of life, daily mood and well-being is interpersonal relationship. Numerous empirical data confirm the importance of interpersonal relationship and attitudes toward aging. An attitude can be defined as an evaluation of a stimulus as reflected in our cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to the problem (Fiske &Taylor, 1991). In the field of geriatric psychology, research has focused on the problem of interpersonal relationship between elderly people and workers in prison environment. Prison officers are responsible for the safety and security of the prison facility (Bezerra et al., 2016), for supporting offender rehabilitation efforts and for managing organizational demands (Schaufeli & Peeters, 2000). Despite their importance to the running of the prison system, the health and wellbeing of prison officers remains poor. Hypotheses: H0: There isn’t any correlation between the social support inmates have, and their quality of life H1: The more social support correlate the higher level of inmates’ quality of life Methods: The systematic review of research and policy papers, articles that published on interpersonal relationship between elderly inmates and officers in correctional facilities, also effective programs outcomes were conducted. The main symptoms of the problem were measured with special checklist and questionnaires. Results: The elderly inmates experience emotional instability; tendency to self-accusations; anxiety-depressive response; low tolerance for frustration; mistrust and heightened criticism of others; intra and interpersonal conflict. A systematic approach in psychological work with elderly prisoners, also officers allows for the transition from a symptomatic to a personality-oriented level of psychological impact. Psychological emotional support can renew their hope on life, influence positive outcomes of the support program. According to the results of repeated psychological research, the patient's condition was characterized by positive dynamics: the level of psychological distress and the intensity of psychological distress significantly decreased, the general internality of the personality increased, as well as the subjective assessment of personal well-being. Conclusion: It is necessary to focus the attention of specialists on the advisability of using psycho-educational programs in a prison environment, providing information about the aging dynamically. Such programs, used at the initial stages of work with patients, contribute to the creation of motivation for personal psychotherapy and significantly increase its effectiveness.

Implementasi Program Pembinaan Kepribadian dan Kemandirian Narapidana Lanjut Usia di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan

The increase in the number of elderly in Indonesia has the effect of increasing the number of elderly in correctional institutions. Elderly inmates have different needs compared to other inmates. The elderly have physical and health declines that cause the elderly to require special treatment in correctional institutions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of coaching for the elderly in correctional institutions. This study uses a literature study research method. The results of the study indicate that there are still correctional institutions that do not provide guidance in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Many of the obstacles faced by correctional institutions are due to the age of the elderly and the incomplete facilities and infrastructure owned by correctional institutions to support coaching activities for elderly prisoners.

Prisoners’ Rights, Resistance, and the Law in Postwar Texas Prisons

Prisoners’ Rights, Resistance, and the Law in Postwar Texas Prisons

Mediating Effects of Depression in Perceived Health Status and Suicidal Ideation among Elderly Male Inmates in South Korea

This study examined whether depression mediated the relationship between perceived health status and suicidal ideation among elderly male prisoners in South Korea. Male inmates aged 50 years or older in the correctional facilities were surveyed in December 2020; 141 male participants were included in the statistical analysis. The hierarchical regression results showed that suicidal ideation increased with poorer perceived health among elderly male inmates. Further, perceived health status negatively affected depression, while depression positively affected suicidal ideation. Depression had a significant partial mediating effect between perceived health and suicidal ideation. First-time offenders were more vulnerable to suicide risk than repeat offenders. These findings highlight the need for treatment programs and cognitive-behavioral models to identify inmates' psychosocial risk factors, and assess their mental health. Additionally, correctional facility staff should be educated in suicide prevention, and systematic crisis intervention programs should be provided for those who attempt suicide. This study contributes consideration of the Korean context to the literature on the association among perceived health status, depression, and suicidal ideation in elderly male inmates.

Social Skills of Elderly Prisoners Perpetrators of Pedophilia

Increasing age triggers a decrease in the production of the hormone testosterone, thus affecting a person's sexual ability. Although, in theory, there is a sexual decline in the elderly, in reality, there are still older adults whose sexual desires are still strong and even commit sexual deviations. This study aimed to determine the cause of pedophilia seen from the social skills of elderly inmates at the Class II B Correctional Institution Muaro Sijunjung. The type of research in this study is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The research subjects were three elderly prisoners with child protection cases aged sixty years and over. The instrument in this research is the researcher himself. The collection techniques in this study were interviews and documents. The data analysis technique in the research that the researcher did was to systematically search and compile the data obtained from the interviews and documents to make the findings easy to understand and well-informed. The data analysis process starts from the process of making verbatim and coding. To test the validity of the data that has been obtained so that it fits the research objectives, the researcher uses the triangulation method. The triangulation used in this study is triangulation with sources, namely comparing and checking the level of certainty of data obtained through time and various devices in qualitative methods. From research in the field, it can be concluded that the cause of pedophile perpetrators is due to divorce, poor relationships with partners, and past abuse, causing pedophilic sexual deviant behavior. This study also looks at behavioral symptoms from four aspects of elderly social skills: Environmental Behavior, Interpersonal Behavior, Self Related Behavior, and Task Related Behavior.

Challenges of ageing in prisons and forensic psychiatric settings

IntroductionThere is a current trend towards an increase in the number of elderly prisoners due to the increase in life expectancy and the change in the attitude of society and the judicial system. The cut-off for “older offender” is defined from the age of 50, due to the lifestyle previous to prision and premature ageing.ObjectivesThe authors intend to understand the challenges of aging in prison and forensic services, highlighting the psychiatric comorbidities of inmates and how these services can adapt to the needs of this population.MethodsNon-systematic review of the literature.ResultsStudies of elderly in prisons and elderly forensic psychiatric patients are limited. Prisoners have increased physical and psychiatric morbidity and early mortality as they are more exposed to risk factors and more likely to have at least one health problem compared to older adults in the community. Compared to older people in the community, older prisoners are at higher risk for most psychiatric disorders including depression, psychosis, bipolar disorder, cognitive impairment, personality disorder and anxiety. Suicide rates are also higher among elderly prisoners. The inadequacy of the prison system to respond to the unique needs of elderly prisoners has a detrimental impact on their overall experience of incarceration. The development of specific services for elderly prisoners or the adaptation of mixed units for the elderly population is proposed.ConclusionsThe elderly population in prisons is growing and has higher risk of psychiatric pathology compared to community elders. Prison services with difficulties in identifying and meeting these needs.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Attitudes Toward Elderly Inmates in Correctional Facilities

Psychological well-being and mental health of elderly inmates are investigated by the international organizations, committees, and researchers. One of the main factors that influence their quality of life, daily mood, and well-being is interpersonal relationship. Numerous empirical data confirm the importance of interpersonal relationship, and attitudes toward aging. A definition of attitude item can be explained as an evaluation of a stimulus as reflected in our cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to the problem (Fiske &Taylor, 1991). In the field of geriatric psychology, research has focused on the problem of interpersonal relationship between elderly people and workers in prison environments. Prison officers are in interpersonal relationship with inmates and have responsibility for the safety, and security of the prison facility, and also for managing organizational demands (Schaufeli & Peeters, 2000). Some researchers have shown that the health, and wellbeing of prison officers remain poor, and risk of being affected by different mental health problems, as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (Viotti, 2016). A systematic review of research and policy papers, articles that published on interpersonal relationship between elderly inmates and officers in correctional facilities, also effective programs outcomes were conducted. The main symptoms of the problem were measured with a special checklist and questionnaires. The quality of life was measured QOL survey that was made based on WHO (World Health Organization) QOL questionnaire. 200 elderly prisoners have been involved in the research from different prison regimes of Azerbaijan correctional facilities between 2019-2020. A systematic approach in psychological work with elderly prisoners, also officers allows for the transition from a symptomatic to a personality-oriented level of psychological impact. Psychological emotional support can renew their hope on life, influence positive outcomes of the support program. According to the results of repeated psychological research, the patient's condition was characterized by positive dynamics: the level of psychological distress and the intensity of psychological distress significantly decreased, the general internality of the personality increased, as well as the subjective assessment of personal well-being. It is necessary to focus the attention of specialists on the advisability of using psycho-educational programs in a prison environment, providing information about the aging dynamically. Such programs, used at the initial stages of work with patients, contribute to the creation of motivation for personal psychotherapy and significantly increase its effectiveness.

Of Old Men, Country Clubs, and Atrocities: The Visualities and Externalities of Detaining Elderly Human Rights Violators in Chile

Abstract This article explores a pair of powerful but competing symbols in the Chilean human transitional justice process: ‘pobres viejitos’ (poor little old men) and country club prisons. The symbol of the ‘pobres viejitos’ is used very effectively by conservative elements of Chilean society to argue the futility or even inhumanity of punishing perpetrators of human right violations so long after the commission of their crimes. In turn, to victims and more liberal segments of society, the country club or ‘five star’ prison for human rights violators stands as a symbol of impunity and the failure of the Chilean state to do justice for the crimes of the dictatorship. This article examines the power of these symbols in undermining support for transitional justice efforts, as well as the externalities of the debate. The fate of the ‘pobres viejitos’ and whether to release the from even their relatively comfortable places of confinement has bled into debates on penal reform for other elderly prisoners. This mostly negative externality suggests the need for international and regional courts (or countries not in the throes of transitional justice processes, particularly delayed ones) to lead the way on the articulation of human rights norms related to the trial and punishment of elderly prisoners.

Perlakuan Khusus Terhadap Narapidana Lanjut Usia Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Dan Kesehatan Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan

Being elder is a phase that everybody will deal with it, indicated by the ability of physically and mentally decreased. The physical frequency that starts to weaken and get sick causes it to become unproductive and even dependent on others. Elderly people are categorized as vulnerable groups that must get special treatments, especially the elderly prisoner who serve a sentence in the prison. It is something that must be considered in fulfilling the human rights of elderly prisoners, both in terms of services and infrastructure needed. This research aim is to see what the implementation of the treatments of the elderly prisoners in the Correctional Database Systemis like. Especially, in the maintenance and the improvement of their well-being and health status, with the purpose of not adding to the burden that must be taken away from their rights of freedom and the physical condition of illness suffered as an elderly person. According to the data from Correctional Database SystemDatabase System on February 2020, the numbers of all elderly prisoners in the Indonesian Correctional Database Systemwas 3.555 prisoners, at least 2% of the total prisoners throughout Indonesia. With this research, it is hoped that the placement of elderly prisoners and the improvement of their well-being and health status can be carried out as well as possible in order to fulfill the rights of prisoners.