Elderly Nigerian Research Articles

Kidnapping-Induced Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in an Elderly Nigerian Woman: Biopsychosocial Insights and Cognitive Processing Therapy Outcomes

Kidnapping-Induced Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in an Elderly Nigerian Woman: Biopsychosocial Insights and Cognitive Processing Therapy Outcomes

Scrotal Kaposi Sarcoma in a HIV-Negative elderly Nigerian. A case report with a review of literature.

Kaposi Sarcoma KS is a rare, borderline vascular tumour that affects themucocutanous surfaces, and lymph nodes and visceral organs occasionally. Variousforms have been described with a common association with Herpes Simplex virus 8infection, although immunological, environmental and Kaposi Sarcoma KS is a rare, borderline vascular tumor that affects the muco-cutanous surfaces, and lymph nodes and visceral organs occasionally. Various forms have been described with a common association with Herpes Simplex virus 8 infection, although immunological, environmental and genetic factors play significant role in its pathogenesis. Urogenital involvement is uncommon and isolated scrotal KS in HIV negative individuals is extremely rare. We therefore report the 5th of such case in English literature, involving a 65 year old Nigerian, with confirmed histological and immunohistochemistry diagnostic features. Patient underwent surgical excision of the lesion and is being considered for chemotherapy. genetic factors play significantrole in its pathogenesis. Urogenital involvement is uncommon and isolated scrotal KSin HIV negative individuals is extremely rare. We therefore report the 5th of such casein English literature, involving a 65 year old Nigerian, with confirmed histologicaland immunohistochemistry diagnostic features. Patient underwent surgical excision ofthe lesion and is being considered for chemotherapy.

Burden and Presentation of Age-Related Macular Degeneration among Nigerians.

PURPOSE:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide, and its prevalence may also be on the increase in Nigeria. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the burden and pattern of presentation of AMD in a developing country.METHODS:We conducted a multicenter, prospective study from January to December 2018. Biodata and history of systemic disease were obtained from consecutive patients presenting at four collaborating retina clinics and diagnosed with a retina disease after dilated fundus examination and ocular investigations such as fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography. All eyes diagnosed to have wet and dry AMD were used for the study analysis.RESULTS:Out of 8614 patients, 156 eyes of 78 patients were diagnosed with AMD. The hospital-based prevalence for AMD was 0.91%. The mean age at presentation was 67.9 ± 9.2 years, ranging from 44 to 95 years. A majority (75.6%) of patients were between 60 and 79 years, 53.8% were females. Thirty-two eyes (20.5%) had wet AMD, while 124 eyes (79.5%) had dry AMD. Sixty-one eyes (39.1%) had moderate visual impairment (<6/18-6/60); 58 eyes (37.2%) had normal vision (6/18 and better); while 27 eyes (17.3%) were blind, and ten eyes (6.4%) had severe visual impairment.CONCLUSION:AMD contributes to the burden of visual impairment and blindness in the elderly Nigerian. In Nigeria, AMD occurs more in females and most common between the ages of 60 and 79. Dry AMD is four times more common than wet AMD. About 24% of eyes have severe visual impairment or blindness, while about a third each have a moderate visual impairment and normal vision. Increasing awareness of AMD among the at-risk population will be beneficial in achieving early diagnosis and treatment.

Intraoperative Priapism in Two Elderly Nigerian Men Undergoing TURP, A Rare Complication of Spinal Anesthesia-Case Series

Intraoperative Priapism in Two Elderly Nigerian Men Undergoing TURP, A Rare Complication of Spinal Anesthesia-Case Series

Sinonasal Squamous Papilloma with Orbital Infiltration in an Elderly Nigerian Female, Unusual Presentation of an Uncommon Tumor: A Case Report

Squamous papillomas are squamous-derived growths commonly arising from the oral cavity and oropharynx. A 75-year-old woman presented with chronic persistent left nasal obstruction and gradual painless non-axial proptosis with loss of vision in the left eye. Computed tomography scan showed an iso-dense lesion filling the frontal, left ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses, and the nasal cavity, with extension into the left orbit. She underwent surgical tumor resection with orbital exenteration and histology revealed features of an aggressive hyperkeratotic squamous papilloma arising from the sino-nasal region. Although squamous papillomas have been natively associated with the oral cavity and oropharynx, they present less frequently as sino-nasal tumors with orbital invasion.

Massive bleeding from colonic diverticular disease in an elderly Nigerian: A case report

Colonic diverticular disease is one of the most common and costly gastrointestinal disorders among industrialized countries. The disease was thought to be rare in the African population, but is being increasingly diagnosed with the advent of modern imaging techniques and colonoscopy. Diverticular bleeding is a common cause of lower gastrointestinal (GI) haemorrhage and patients typically present with massive and painless rectal haemorrhage. Reports of massive bleeding from colonic diverticular disease are rare in Nigeria. We report a case of massive bleeding from multiple colonic diverticuli in a 70 year old Nigerian male who was admitted due to haematochezia and dizziness and was transfused with 8 units of blood. There was spontaneous resolution of bleeding in spite of the absence of facilities for therapeutic intervention at our institution. Keywords: Colonic diverticular disease, colonoscopy, haematochezia, massive bleeding, gastrointestinal disorders

Severity of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms among Middle Aged and Elderly Nigerian Men: Impact on Quality of Life.

Objectives. To compare the severity of LUTS among middle aged and elderly Nigerian men and determine the influence of LUTS severity on QoL. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted among new patients presenting with LUTS attending Urology clinic between 2011 and 2015. Assessment of symptoms was based on IPSS and bother score completed by the eligible subjects on the same day of their clinic visits. Results. Four hundred patients were studied comprising 229 middle aged and 171 elderly men. Interquartile range (IQR) of IPSS scores for men <65 years and those ≥65 years was 14.0 (16.0) and 19 (15.0), respectively (p < 0.001). Mild LUTS was significantly associated with best, good, and poor quality of life while moderate LUTS was associated with poor QoL. Severe LUTS was significantly associated with all the categories of QoL (Best-Worst). Among the cohort of subjects with poor QoL, elderly patients had a significantly higher median IPSS score (p < 0.05). Conclusions. There is no level of severity of LUTS in which patients' QoL is not impaired although mild symptomatology may be associated with better QoL and severe symptomatology with poor QoL. Careful attention to QoL may help identify patients who require early and prompt treatment irrespective of the IPSS.

Esophageal carcinoma in an elderly female Nigerian

The evaluation of patients with esophageal complaints starts with barium swallow and/or endoscopy examinations. This report is about a 78-year old female whose barium esophagogram showed evidence of advanced esophageal cancer. The aim of this report is to highlight the need for a high index of suspicion, and early use of barium swallow, in evaluating esophageal complaints in patients of middle age and above, especially in developing countries like Nigeria where endoscopy may not be widely available. An earlier diagnosis may improve the mortality and morbidity from this very lethal tumor which is relatively rare.

Overweight and obesity among elderly Nigerians

Introduction: A growing health problem, obesity exacerbates decline in physical function. We determined the prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated risk factors among an elderly Nigerian population. Methods: We screened a stratified, random community sample of 274 persons aged 65 years and older for overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2), obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2), and known risk factors. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.5% (95%CI 9.7-18.1%) and 4.7% (2.6-8.0%), respectively. Obesity among females was 7.0% compared with 2.3% among males (OR 3.4; 95%CI 0.9-12.4). Hypertension was more frequent in those overweight or obese (70.0%) than in those of normal weight (43.9%; P=0.002). Hypertension (OR 2.9; 1.3-6.7) and female sex (OR 3.3; 1.4-7.9) were significant risk factors for overweight and obesity in logistic regression. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity affect a substantial proportion of elderly Nigerians and are associated with hypertension, potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Key Words: nutrition, geriatric, Africa, body mass index, epidemiology

Self-Reported Visual Impairment and Impact on Vision-Related Activities in an Elderly Nigerian Population: Report from the Ibadan Study of Ageing

Background: Studies have shown an association between visual impairment and poor overall function. Studies from Africa and developing countries show high prevalence of visual impairment. More information is needed on the community prevalence and impact of visual impairment among elderly Africans. Methods: A multi-stage stratified sampling of households was implemented to select persons aged 65 years and over in the south-western and north-central parts of Nigeria. Impairments of distant and near vision were based on subjective self-reports obtained with the use of items derived from the World Health Organization multi-country World Health Survey questionnaire. Impairment was defined as reporting much difficulty to questions on distant and near vision. Disabilities in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were evaluated by interview, using standardized scales. Results: A total of 2054 subjects 957 (46.6%) males and 1097 (53.4) females responded to the questions on vision. 22% (n = 453) of the respondents reported distant vision impairment, and 18% (n = 377) reported near vision impairment (not mutually exclusive). Fifteen percent (n = 312), however, reported impairment for both far and near vision. Impairment of distant vision increased progressively with age (P < 0.01). Persons with self-reported near vision impairment had elevated risk of functional disability in several IADLs and ADLs than those with out. Distant vision impairment was less associated with role limitations in both ADLs and IADLs. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-reported distant visual impairment was high but that for near visual impairment was less than expected in this elderly African population. Impairment of near vision was found to carry with it a higher burden of functional disability than that of distant vision.

The Impact of Education Intervention on the Blood Pressure Control of the Elderly Nigerian Hypertensives

Hypertension plays a major role in morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Evidence from developed countries showed that intensive patient education has resulted in improved compliance to therapy reducing morbidity and mortality. There was a need to explore the impact of health educational intervention on the blood pressure control among elderly hypertensives. Ninety-five hypertensive patients aged sixty and above attending the Hypertension Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital were recruited. An initial level of their awareness of hypertension, its risk factors and management were assessed through a structured research questionnaire. A score of 60% was deemed adequate. Over a two year period, health talk on the need to comply with life style modification and drug therapy followed by a question and answer session was given on each clinic day. Adequate blood pressure control was defined Key Words:Education, blood pressure control, pre-intervention, post-intervention Nig. J Health and Biomed. Sciences Vol.2(2) 2003: 65-67

Are body mass or insulin resistance independently associated with cardiovascular risk factors in non-diabetic elderly Nigerians?

The aim was to establish whether risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are positively and independently associated with fasting insulin and/or body mass and waist-hip ratio in healthy elderly Nigerian subjects. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and basal insulin resistance (HOMA method) were measured in 500 healthy elderly (> or = 55 years) Nigerian volunteers (295 men, 205 women). Associations between blood pressure, triglycerides or cholesterol and fasting insulin, HOMA, body mass index (BMI) or waist-hip ratio were examined using linear regression. Age was controlled for in all analyses. In men, diastolic and systolic blood pressure were strongly associated with BMI, while there was no evidence of an independent relationship with fasting insulin or HOMA. Triglycerides were strongly associated with waist-hip ratio, with a weaker independent association with HOMA but not fasting insulin; fasting insulin and HOMA showed strong independent associations with total cholesterol. In women diastolic and systolic blood pressure were also strongly associated with BMI, but there was an independent relationship with fasting insulin for diastolic blood pressure and a less significant (p = 0.057) one for systolic blood pressure. Triglycerides were significantly associated with BMI but none of the other variables; there were no significant associations with cholesterol. There was no evidence of interaction between fasting insulin or HOMA and BMI or waist-hip ratio. The results suggest the hypotheses that in this population BMI or waist-hip ratio are stronger determinants of blood pressure and triglyceride levels than fasting insulin or HOMA, and that where insulin does play a role its effects are separate and additive.