Elderly Inmates Research Articles

교정간호의 실태와 개선방안에 관한 연구

Correctional medical personnel in prisons are recognized as workplaces that do not want to work due to low wages, insufficient medical facilities at the clinic level, and stigma of hate facilities, and are always insufficient from the past to the present. The lack of correctional medical personnel can negatively affect the treatment of inmates and lead to poor quality of medical services. In particular, orthodontists do medical treatment unrelated to their major, so the recipients do not trust the orthodontists' treatment and want video or external treatment. However, video or external treatment must be performed at a designated time with cooperative hospitals on an appointment date, so inmates may not be able to receive timely treatment. The lack of correctional medical personnel is causing an excess of work because correctional nurses have to take over for work. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to present practical and effective alternatives to expanding medical personnel. The scope of the study is to understand the actual state of prison correctional medical care based on previous studies, correctional statistics, and Internet data, and to derive various problems through this to find countermeasures. The countermeasure is to provide concrete and practical alternatives so that it can contribute to the expansion of correctional medical personnel. As a result of the study, in order to solve the shortage of orthodontic medical personnel, AI doctors and pharmacists are introduced and operated in the medical department of orthodontic facilities. Another option is to first introduce a traveling pharmacist system for orthodontic pharmacists, so that one orthodontic pharmacist is in charge of three to four correctional facilities. Next, rather than hiring correctional doctors only, correctional facilities with many elderly inmates are also hired and operated by oriental doctors. Finally, in order to hire excellent orthodontic nurses, it is necessary to allow correction facilities and schools to cooperate to conduct nursing practice in the medical department of orthodontic facilities so that they can understand and publicize the specificity of correction so that they can provide a lot of support when hiring.

Prevalence and epidemiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis among elderly population residing in old age homes in Salem district, Tamilnadu

BackgroundTuberculosis mostly affects adults in their most productive years. However, all age groups are at risk. One of the high risk groups for tuberculosis is the elderly population due to factors like physiological ageing related changes, presence of comorbidities and immunodeficiency. Objective1. To estimate the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly population residing in selected old age homes.2. To assess the epidemiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly population residing in selected old age homes. MethodologyAn analytical cross sectional study was carried out among elderly inmates (N – 300) of selected 10 old age homes in Salem district of Tamilnadu. A pre tested semi-structured questionnaire was used as a study tool for data collection. Investigations like CBNAAT and X ray were carried out on individuals with presumptive symptoms. ResultsAmong 300 participants, about 50.7% were between 61 and 70 Years and 60.7% were females. Nearly 4.3% were current smokers, 28.7% were hypertensive and 20.6% were diabetic About 15.6% had cough, 11.2% had fever and 4.8% had hemoptysis Prevalence of tuberculosis was 2.6% (260 per 10,000 popultion) in this study. Tuberculosis was reported more in Females, those with presumptive symptoms, underweight individuals, those living in dormitory and those with comorbidity. ConclusionThe results indicate that the key population should be concentrated for routine screening for tuberculosis. Pro-active interventions to seek and diagnose TB disease among older adults are more effective than traditional passive case-finding as we march towards elimination of tuberculosis in India.

Oral Health Status of the Institutionalized Elderly in Mangalore City, Karnataka, South India: Extents, Insights and Action

Oral diseases are progressive and cumulative across the life span and due to this reason, the oral health of the institutionalized elderly is of concern within the realm of geriatric care. An improvement in oral health among the institutionalized elderly will boost their social life, self-confidence, mastication and nutritional status, thereby bringing a positive outlook. To assess the periodontal status, dental caries experience, prosthetic status, and prosthetic need of institutionalized elderly in Mangalore. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the dental caries experience, periodontal status, prosthetic status, and prosthetic needs of 143 elderly individuals living in geriatric homes in Mangalore city. The demographic data, periodontal status, prosthetic status, and prosthetic need was obtained using the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form 1997. Dental caries experience was recorded according to the WHO modified DMFT Index. Descriptive statistics was obtained using SPSS version 16. The mean dental caries experience of the study subjects was 8.80. The presence of supra or sub gingival calculus was noted in 44.8 % of the subjects and the presence of a pathological pocket of 4 mm or more was seen in 32 %. About 33 of the subjects did not require any kind of prosthesis in the upper & lower arch. From this survey of the institutionalized elderly population, it was evident that, half of them had supra or subgingival calculus deposits and more than 76.9 % have one or the other need for a prosthesis. Keywords Edentulousness, Elderly inmates, Old age homes, Oral health

Prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among elderly inmates in Taiwan prisons

BackgroundPrisoner health is a topic of significant importance; however, it has received limited attention in epidemiological studies, likely because of challenges in obtaining relevant data. Specifically, research on ocular disorders among elderly prisoners is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of disorders of the eye and adnexa among elderly prisoners in Taiwan.MethodsWe investigated the presence of eye and adnexal disorders in elderly prisoners in Taiwan using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The ocular disorders were identified using the appropriate disease codes in the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision Clinical Modification (codes 360–379). In addition, the most common types of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners were identified.ResultsA total of 2215 elderly prisoners (age ≥ 65 years; 2073 men and 142 women) were examined. The prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners was 18.87%. The elderly female prisoners exhibited a higher prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders than the elderly male prisoners. The most common disorders were disorders of the conjunctiva, cataract, and disorders of the lacrimal system.ConclusionsA considerable proportion of elderly prisoners have disorders of the eye and adnexa. The overall quality of life of elderly prisoners can be improved by addressing their visual health, which contributes to the fulfillment of their basic human rights.

The Effectiveness of Correctional Institutions for Children, Female, and Elderly Inmates in Sidoarjo District

Correctional Institutions are institutions implementing the criminal system whose function is to develop correctional inmates, including, in this case, women who are serving sentences and required to participate in the entire series of training activities in correctional institutions. In this case, the effectiveness of coaching prisoners can provide a good role model for others, especially prisoners of female, children, and the elderly. Then, the supporting factors can be used as examples to become even better in the future, and better solutions can be found for factors that can hinder development. This research aims to determine the pattern of coaching females, children, and elderly prisoners and to determine the factors that inhibit and support coaching. Synergy is needed between all parties involved, starting from prisoners, correctional officers, and related agencies, in cooperating with each other in carrying out training for female, child, and elderly prisoners to overcome problems in the implementation of training for female, child, and elderly prisoners, For this reason, it is necessary to carry out treatment and guidance to achieve better goals, and if the convict leaves, he will create an independent character and have a better leadership spirit.

Administrative Efficiency of Old Age Homes in Geriatric Care and the Level of Satisfaction of Inmates: A Study in Kottayam District

Purpose: By reviewing the available literature this paper made a solid foundation to the current scenario of old age homes in geriatric care as a social necessity and the satisfaction of the inmates is a factor which measures the administrative efficiency of the old age homes. Administrative inefficiency and inadequacy of governance may contribute to poor treatment and poor treatment of members in old age homes. Medical care provided to the inmates in the old age homes is a major factor which contributes to the satisfaction level of the inmates along with several other factors. This study was taken place to examine the level of satisfaction of the inmates on the infrastructural factors such as atmosphere, facilities, environment, and behavior of staff toward the elderly inmates. Objective: The study tries to examine the administrative efficiency of old age homes for the elderly and the inmate’s level of satisfaction. Design/Methodology/Approach: The codes are taken from the literature and used in the review of literature. This research was explanatory research that was conducted through an exploratory approach. On the internet's platform, desktop research was carried out. Almost 100 research articles were reviewed in depth and studied to identify the research gap. Findings/Result: The review of the articles indicates elderly are quite satisfied with the efficiency of old age homes and they are happy to be there in the old age homes other than being isolated at home and also, they are comfortable with their embers in the caretaking homes. In this study it can be found that the level of satisfaction of old age home inmates is different from each other as there are different types of paid and non-paid old age homes. Originality/Value: This review presents key findings from studies that show the level of satisfaction of the inmates in the old age home. This article was unique in its way of being a review article and compiling a satisfactory report of elderly inmates of old age home in the past 15 years. In all these studies the researcher can find that the efficiency and satisfaction of the old age home are different from each other. Paper Type: It was a review-based study which is also known as an integrative review where many articles from the past 15 years were selected from different search engines such as Google scholar, Research gate, and others.

Increasing performance in preparation of pre-release for elderly inmates in Thailand

Increasing performance in preparation of pre-release for elderly inmates in Thailand

Attitudes toward elderly inmates in correctional facilities

Objective: Psychological well-being and mental health of elderly inmates are investigated by international organization, committees and researchers. One of the main factors that influence their quality of life, daily mood and well-being is interpersonal relationship. Numerous empirical data confirm the importance of interpersonal relationship and attitudes toward aging. An attitude can be defined as an evaluation of a stimulus as reflected in our cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to the problem (Fiske &Taylor, 1991). In the field of geriatric psychology, research has focused on the problem of interpersonal relationship between elderly people and workers in prison environment. Prison officers are responsible for the safety and security of the prison facility (Bezerra et al., 2016), for supporting offender rehabilitation efforts and for managing organizational demands (Schaufeli & Peeters, 2000). Despite their importance to the running of the prison system, the health and wellbeing of prison officers remains poor. Hypotheses: H0: There isn’t any correlation between the social support inmates have, and their quality of life H1: The more social support correlate the higher level of inmates’ quality of life Methods: The systematic review of research and policy papers, articles that published on interpersonal relationship between elderly inmates and officers in correctional facilities, also effective programs outcomes were conducted. The main symptoms of the problem were measured with special checklist and questionnaires. Results: The elderly inmates experience emotional instability; tendency to self-accusations; anxiety-depressive response; low tolerance for frustration; mistrust and heightened criticism of others; intra and interpersonal conflict. A systematic approach in psychological work with elderly prisoners, also officers allows for the transition from a symptomatic to a personality-oriented level of psychological impact. Psychological emotional support can renew their hope on life, influence positive outcomes of the support program. According to the results of repeated psychological research, the patient's condition was characterized by positive dynamics: the level of psychological distress and the intensity of psychological distress significantly decreased, the general internality of the personality increased, as well as the subjective assessment of personal well-being. Conclusion: It is necessary to focus the attention of specialists on the advisability of using psycho-educational programs in a prison environment, providing information about the aging dynamically. Such programs, used at the initial stages of work with patients, contribute to the creation of motivation for personal psychotherapy and significantly increase its effectiveness.

Attitudes toward elderly inmates in correctional facilities

Objective: Psychological well-being and mental health of elderly inmates are investigated by international organization, committees and researchers. One of the main factors that influence their quality of life, daily mood and well-being is interpersonal relationship. Numerous empirical data confirm the importance of interpersonal relationship and attitudes toward aging. An attitude can be defined as an evaluation of a stimulus as reflected in our cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to the problem (Fiske &Taylor, 1991). In the field of geriatric psychology, research has focused on the problem of interpersonal relationship between elderly people and workers in prison environment. Prison officers are responsible for the safety and security of the prison facility (Bezerra et al., 2016), for supporting offender rehabilitation efforts and for managing organizational demands (Schaufeli & Peeters, 2000). Despite their importance to the running of the prison system, the health and wellbeing of prison officers remains poor. Hypotheses: H0: There isn’t any correlation between the social support inmates have, and their quality of life H1: The more social support correlate the higher level of inmates’ quality of life Methods: The systematic review of research and policy papers, articles that published on interpersonal relationship between elderly inmates and officers in correctional facilities, also effective programs outcomes were conducted. The main symptoms of the problem were measured with special checklist and questionnaires. Results: The elderly inmates experience emotional instability; tendency to self-accusations; anxiety-depressive response; low tolerance for frustration; mistrust and heightened criticism of others; intra and interpersonal conflict. A systematic approach in psychological work with elderly prisoners, also officers allows for the transition from a symptomatic to a personality-oriented level of psychological impact. Psychological emotional support can renew their hope on life, influence positive outcomes of the support program. According to the results of repeated psychological research, the patient's condition was characterized by positive dynamics: the level of psychological distress and the intensity of psychological distress significantly decreased, the general internality of the personality increased, as well as the subjective assessment of personal well-being. Conclusion: It is necessary to focus the attention of specialists on the advisability of using psycho-educational programs in a prison environment, providing information about the aging dynamically. Such programs, used at the initial stages of work with patients, contribute to the creation of motivation for personal psychotherapy and significantly increase its effectiveness.

Implementasi Program Pembinaan Kepribadian dan Kemandirian Narapidana Lanjut Usia di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan

The increase in the number of elderly in Indonesia has the effect of increasing the number of elderly in correctional institutions. Elderly inmates have different needs compared to other inmates. The elderly have physical and health declines that cause the elderly to require special treatment in correctional institutions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of coaching for the elderly in correctional institutions. This study uses a literature study research method. The results of the study indicate that there are still correctional institutions that do not provide guidance in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Many of the obstacles faced by correctional institutions are due to the age of the elderly and the incomplete facilities and infrastructure owned by correctional institutions to support coaching activities for elderly prisoners.

Social Skills of Elderly Prisoners Perpetrators of Pedophilia

Increasing age triggers a decrease in the production of the hormone testosterone, thus affecting a person's sexual ability. Although, in theory, there is a sexual decline in the elderly, in reality, there are still older adults whose sexual desires are still strong and even commit sexual deviations. This study aimed to determine the cause of pedophilia seen from the social skills of elderly inmates at the Class II B Correctional Institution Muaro Sijunjung. The type of research in this study is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The research subjects were three elderly prisoners with child protection cases aged sixty years and over. The instrument in this research is the researcher himself. The collection techniques in this study were interviews and documents. The data analysis technique in the research that the researcher did was to systematically search and compile the data obtained from the interviews and documents to make the findings easy to understand and well-informed. The data analysis process starts from the process of making verbatim and coding. To test the validity of the data that has been obtained so that it fits the research objectives, the researcher uses the triangulation method. The triangulation used in this study is triangulation with sources, namely comparing and checking the level of certainty of data obtained through time and various devices in qualitative methods. From research in the field, it can be concluded that the cause of pedophile perpetrators is due to divorce, poor relationships with partners, and past abuse, causing pedophilic sexual deviant behavior. This study also looks at behavioral symptoms from four aspects of elderly social skills: Environmental Behavior, Interpersonal Behavior, Self Related Behavior, and Task Related Behavior.

Nutritional adequacy of essential vitamins and minerals consumed by edentulous elderly at Little Sisters of the Poor in Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria

Edentulism is having few or no teeth in the oral cavity, which is an irreversible condition. It has been shown to be more prevalent in the aged especially among the female. Edentulism which is an age related problem is associated with inability to eat, which render the aged deficient of essential vitamins and minerals. The aim of study is to determine the Nutritional Adequacy of Essential Vitamins and Minerals consumed by Edentulous Elderly at Little Sisters of the Poor, Home for the Elderly, Enugu. The home houses 54 inmates. All inclusive sampling technique was adopted for the study. Oral examination was conducted using mouth mirror to ascertain the number of elderly with tooth loss. The food menu used for feeding the inmates was collected from the home and it served as a guide for collection of food samples for chemical analysis to determine the adequacy of essential vitamins and minerals (vitamin D, vitamin B12, calcium, potassium and magnesium). Minerals and Vitamin D and Vitamin B12 were analyzed using Wet Ashing method. The result showed that out of 54 elderly inmates, 44 inmates are edentulous of which females are mostly affected. The result from chemical analysis of food showed 32.5 mcg intake of vitamin D,12.2 mcg intake of vitamin B12, 0.017 mg intake of calcium, 0.346 mg intake magnesium and 0.034 mg intake of potassium and this as compared with recommended daily intake that there is adequate intake of vitamin D, excessive intake of vitamin B12 but inadequate intake of calcium, magnesium and potassium. This in turn shows that there is inadequate consumption of essential vitamins and minerals by edentulous elderly at Little Sisters of the Poor, Home for the Elderly, Enugu. This shows that there is need to include food rich in essential vitamins and minerals and also give supplement that are in form of medicine to the inmates to meet the adequacy.

Old Age Psychiatry and Prison

Old age population is growing steadily during last decades (WHO 2017). Old population suffer from more morbidity including mental disorders (De Lorito,2018). This fact also applies for prison population (Yortons 2006) and in the lasts years has been an increasing interest for this topicThe aging of the world population is reflected in the penitentiary setting, with a progressive increase of elderly inmates. These prisoners present complex clinical processes with multiple comorbidities, requiring a specialized approach. In the 2020, the old age population in prison (considered over 60 years old) is around 5% in Catalonia (377 inmates,), same proportion (5%) in Spain.If we consider the cut-off point 50 y.o. (as other research) the proportion is 12% Our aims are to describe sociodemographical and clinical characteristics of old age inmates (over 50 y. o.) who required to be admitted to psychiatric unit in Catalan prisons between 2016 and 2020. The asample of this study will be around 150 inmates admitted in our unit. Elderly inmates present a high prevalence of substance abuse (especially alcohol), affective symptoms (depression) and cognitive deterioration. Likewise, is observed a significant presence of personality disorders, anxiety, post-traumatic disorders, psychotic disorders, and physical comorbidities. Prisoners over 50 have a different profile from the rest of the prison population. They suffer more physical and mental illnesses, so they require specific health and social approach. It would be advisable to adapt clinical care by optimizing resources, developing prison psychogeriatrics and establishing specific evaluation and treatment methodDisclosureNo significant relationships.

Attitudes Toward Elderly Inmates in Correctional Facilities

Psychological well-being and mental health of elderly inmates are investigated by the international organizations, committees, and researchers. One of the main factors that influence their quality of life, daily mood, and well-being is interpersonal relationship. Numerous empirical data confirm the importance of interpersonal relationship, and attitudes toward aging. A definition of attitude item can be explained as an evaluation of a stimulus as reflected in our cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to the problem (Fiske &Taylor, 1991). In the field of geriatric psychology, research has focused on the problem of interpersonal relationship between elderly people and workers in prison environments. Prison officers are in interpersonal relationship with inmates and have responsibility for the safety, and security of the prison facility, and also for managing organizational demands (Schaufeli & Peeters, 2000). Some researchers have shown that the health, and wellbeing of prison officers remain poor, and risk of being affected by different mental health problems, as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (Viotti, 2016). A systematic review of research and policy papers, articles that published on interpersonal relationship between elderly inmates and officers in correctional facilities, also effective programs outcomes were conducted. The main symptoms of the problem were measured with a special checklist and questionnaires. The quality of life was measured QOL survey that was made based on WHO (World Health Organization) QOL questionnaire. 200 elderly prisoners have been involved in the research from different prison regimes of Azerbaijan correctional facilities between 2019-2020. A systematic approach in psychological work with elderly prisoners, also officers allows for the transition from a symptomatic to a personality-oriented level of psychological impact. Psychological emotional support can renew their hope on life, influence positive outcomes of the support program. According to the results of repeated psychological research, the patient's condition was characterized by positive dynamics: the level of psychological distress and the intensity of psychological distress significantly decreased, the general internality of the personality increased, as well as the subjective assessment of personal well-being. It is necessary to focus the attention of specialists on the advisability of using psycho-educational programs in a prison environment, providing information about the aging dynamically. Such programs, used at the initial stages of work with patients, contribute to the creation of motivation for personal psychotherapy and significantly increase its effectiveness.

Mental health issues among geriatric offenders (Azerbaijan case)

This study constructed a measured quality of life elderly inmate in the Azerbaijan penitentiary system. Incarcerated people often face financial, social and emotional costs due to the imprisonment, and this issue influence their mental health, also interpersonal relationships. Aim : The aim of this research was to examine health issues, the quality of life of older prisoners, and the stimulus that influence their daily mood, especially interpersonal relationship domains. For this purpose, various literature sources were analyzed to answer the main research questions. Method: 54 inmates from 2 different regimes were involved in the research. In order to obtain data questionnaires about quality of life (QOL), and depression were used. WHOQOL BREF, and consists of 26 questions related to 4 domains: physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment. Patient Health Depression Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to determine depression level of inmates Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that there was a relationship between interpersonal support and QOL features. Another hand, a negative correlation between interpersonal support factors and depression scores. The base on analyzing literature and collecting data, some items were identified as future recommendations.

Upaya Penanganan Khusus Narapidana Lansia sebagai Kelompok Rentan

LAPAS or Correctional Institution under the auspices of the Directorate General of Corrections is the final place of the criminal justice system process that fosters and integrates the social of convicts, so that when returning to society they are able to live a normal life. Elderly (according to Law No. 13 of 1998: Elderly) is a person whose age reaches the age of 60 years and above. In its efforts, Correctional Services interpret this understanding by regulating the rights of inmates contained in Law no. 12 of 1995 article 14 paragraph 1.The increasing age and declining body condition of the elderly inmates need special treatment both in health, treatment, and public services. Elderly inmates as much as possible are treated as people usually are, it's just that the place and application are different. This is for the implementation of part of Human Rights (HAM) as a national instrument. This special handling effort involves other stakeholders be it medical or health workers and the government to support the infrastructure needed. The elderly as one of the vulnerable groups become important objects in terms of how decent handlers are so that they feel cared for in their twilight years. Although until now still in the process and stages of refinement of special handling for them. The fact is still not optimal and this study illustrates how well the effort is.

Cognitive Training: Strategy for Improving Mental Health of Elderly Inmates Living in Old Age Homes across Delhi, India

Interindividual variability in cognitive function is attributed to biological, psychological, health-related, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The present study is to examine the beneficial effects of lifestyle and environmental factors on the cognitive ability after social and cognitive intervention residing in old age homes across Delhi, India. The elderly aged 60 years and above were randomly selected and a 21-day workshop of 90 min was conducted at each facility. Of the 89 inmates, 64 of them participated regularly in the workshop. Mini-Mental State Examination test and Mini-Cog test were conducted before and after the workshop. A Poisson regression model was fitted to assess the key determinants on the improvement of cognitive function. According to the fitted model, higher level of improvement was observed among the female (95% confidential interval [CI] 0.26–1.19; SE = 0.24) participants. Participants which had the lower level of cognitive impairment showed highly significant improvement in cognitive performance (95% CI 0.14–0.44; SE = 0.08) whereas physically active participants showed a negative association with improvement in cognitive performance (95% CI 1.58–0.26; SE = 0.34). Cognitive training helped in improving the mental health of elderly population. The notable distinction between the institutions is that in the institution in which the residents interacted the most with each other showed higher levels of improvement. The most significant factor found to be associated with cognitive improvement of the participants was their present level of cognitive impairment; it was observed that those with the least cognitive impairment benefitted the most from the intervention program. Hence, an early detection and intervention could be beneficial.

Self-rating of depression in elderly prisoners in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Aim: Against the background of the rising number of elderly people being incarcerated and the rare data on this special subgroup, the aim of our study was to collect first empirical data on the affective state of elderly prisoners in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. Methods: Data were collected in nine German prisons. We included elderly prisoners from pretrial prevention, penal sentences, open enforcement, preventive detention and from special detention units for elderly inmates. For the evaluation of the affective state, we used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Sociodemographic and crime-related characteristics were documented. Findings: In total, n=116 prisoners (91.4% male) were included. The age ranged from 53 to 91 years (65.6±6.3 years). In our sample, 48% reported at least mild depressive symptoms, which is a significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptomatology than in the general population aged 60 years and older. Differences were found with regard to the type of detention, as prisoners in open enforcement showed significantly less symptoms compared to those in pretrial prevention and preventive detention. The participants reported in general more somatic symptoms as sleep disturbances and fatigue compared to mood items as feelings of sadness. Originality: It is the first study assessing the affective state of older prisoners in Germany. The high rate of depressive symptoms in our sample is in line with findings from international studies underlining the need for adequate diagnostics and therapy. In addition, in a previous study depression was indirectly linked with a greater risk of re-incarceration, fortifying the need for successful treatment of depression in prison both for the individuum and for society.

Penanganan Masalah Rentan Narapidana Lanjut Usia dan Pembinaannya Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika Kelas IIA Karang Intan

The purpose of this writing also aims to establish regulations in the standard of treatment of inmates and elderly prisoners by going through the Jakarta statement (Jakarta Rules) that will change the development of the elderly to a better direction, by paying attention to the rules of the law that has been set. Journal writing is made using qualitative methods whose writing is descriptive and uses an approach to the rule of law that can describe the situation of existing field conditions. From the results of the current field research, there are still elderly inmates who in the process of coaching are likened to inmates of productive age in general, and services that have not been seen specifically for elderly inmates. Elderly inmates are very vulnerable so they must get special attention in their self-reliance services, because it can be seen in terms of their physical condition that is vulnerable (weak) and is not as good as the physical inmate in general so that inmates who are classified as elderly should get special attention to their coaching and adapted to the way they pay attention to the laws that govern it.

A multicentre survey on the sociodemographic characteristics of Italian elderly inmates

Background & aim. In 2017, Italian inmates 60-69 years old were 3700, while 776 had an age >=70 years. This article aimed to analyse the socio-demographic characteristics and types of crimes committed by elderly subjects restricted in different Italian prisons. Methods. A survey has been conducted in 8 penitentiary institutes: 4 located in Lombardy, and 4 in Apulia. The participation was anonymous and voluntary. By using a standardised format, age, gender, nationality, marital status, last occupation, type of crime, and duration of the punishment were assessed. In the case of previous convictions, additional data were also collected. All records were analysed as aggregates to guarantee privacy preservation. Results. The population was mainly represented by males (93.6%), married or living with a partner (46.8%). The most prevalent crimes committed by the elderlies belongs to the category against the property (33.1%) followed soon after by those against the person (27.7%), other offences (14%), drug-related (13.8%) and mafia-type crimes (11.7%). The Southern inmates were more frequently responsible for crimes against the person (38%), while property crimes (61%) were more recurrent in the Northern inmates. Sixty-four prisoners (68.8%) were already found guilty in the past for other misconducts. The Northern inmates were more frequently recidivist, with a higher number of previous convictions (p = 0.010) and detentions (p = 0.012) compared to the Southern prisoners. Conclusions. Committing crimes in older age is strongly different from being a criminal in young or adult age, especially for the complexity that per se characterizes the older population.