Government Efforts Research Articles

Public perceptions of the US innovation system: moderate support but compelling need for reform

Abstract Science and innovation policy in the USA often frame publics as the beneficiaries of new technologies, but little research has yet engaged publics on their views of the innovation system (IS)—the combined efforts of government, industry, and universities to produce and promote new technologies. Based on a national public survey (n = 3,010), we identify three dimensions of public judgments about the IS with public policy implications: (1) US publics hold moderate confidence in the IS to produce benefits for them and to respond to public input; (2) they are slightly more critical of innovation-related environmental harm and the accrual of benefits to large corporations; and (3) they strongly support reforms to ensure safe, responsible, and affordable technological innovation. Multivariate regressions indicate variance of judgments by social location and worldviews, finding equity and justice aspects particularly salient in views on the IS. We discuss implications for innovation policy.

The Function of the Deposit Insurance Corporation (LPS) as a Legal Protection Strategy for Customer Deposits Due to Bank Liquidation

This research aims to explore the role of the Deposit Insurance Corporation (LPS) in protecting customers when banks fail. The research methods used include policy analysis, case studies of failed banks, and reviews of related laws. It is hoped that the research results will provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of the legal protection provided by LPS to customers in the context of bank failures and the related compensation claims process. The Deposit Insurance Corporation (LPS) has a crucial role in protecting customer deposits when banks experience liquidation. In this context, LPS functions as a legal protection strategy for customer deposits held in banks. This action is important to maintain public confidence in banking amidst economic uncertainty. In response to the 1998 monetary crisis, the Indonesian government issued a policy of guaranteeing bank payments, including public deposits, through LPS. The importance of LPS is revealed when banks experience failures that have the potential to threaten the security of customer funds. In this situation, LPS guarantees the customer's refund up to a certain limit, providing the necessary financial protection. This creates a sense of security for customers and promotes banking system stability. With LPS, customers can be assured that their funds are safe even if unexpected events occur in the banking world. The role of LPS as a deposit insurance institution is inherent in the government's efforts to regulate and supervise the financial sector. LPS plays a role as the front guard in protecting customer interests, maintaining financial system stability, and preventing potential losses that could arise due to the possibility of bank failure.

STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH 3R DI DESA TRAWAS KECAMATAN TRAWAS KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO

The 3R waste management strategy (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) is a government effort to deal with existing waste problems, with the main objective of minimizing the amount of waste entering the Final Disposal Site (TPA). This study analyzes the implementation of 3R waste management at the TPS in Trawas Village, Trawas District, Sidoarjo Regency. With a descriptive and qualitative approach, this study aims to analyze and describe the 3R waste management strategy through objectives, environment, direction, action, and learning. The research method includes interview sessions (related to sources), observation, documentation, and literature studies or literature reviews, with data analyzed using the Miles and Huberman analysis model. The findings of this study indicate that the 3R waste management strategy in Trawas Village, seen from the Objective factor, requires the addition of more complete facilities and infrastructure so that the waste management process can run optimally. From the Environmental factor, both internal and external, all parties have been involved and have an important role in running this 3R program. From the direction factor, more intensive education and socialization are needed so that the community can better understand the waste management process. From the action factor, the coordination carried out is running effectively. From the learning factor, the evaluation and monitoring that have been carried out have been running to assess the success of the 3R program.

Influence of government policies on handwashing and vaccine uptake in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania to prevent and control COVID-19: a systematic review

IntroductionThe government's role in influencing policies related to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine distribution and handwashing practices is essential in controlling the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.MethodsThis study aimed to systematically review published studies to explore the influence of government policies on handwashing and vaccine uptake in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania to prevent and control COVID-19. A comprehensive search strategy was applied across three databases, and eligibility was determined using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. We reviewed 9 of 136 research papers following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsThe findings revealed that the government has a role in influencing policies related to COVID-19 vaccine distribution and handwashing uptake. Employment of public health campaigns and communication strategies by the government in Uganda increased vaccine acceptance and hand hygiene uptake. Similarly, government efforts to make hand hygiene accessible increased the uptake of handwashing in Tanzania. In Kenya, government efforts to increase access to soap and clean water in informal settlements and markets resulted in increased adherence to handwashing practices. Further, government incentives such as cash increased vaccination rates while vaccination reminders combined with cash incentives increased childhood immunization coverage.DiscussionOverall, this review indicates that monitoring and enforcing compliance increases vaccine and handwashing uptake across the three countries. The effectiveness of government policies on handwashing and vaccine uptake is influenced by factors such as safety, efficacy and access to information, among others. Therefore, there is a need to address these factors for the successful implementation of these policies.Systematic review RegistrationPROSPERO ID CRD42023396319, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.

CHILD-FRIENDLY SCHOOLS IN BUILDING GENERATIONS POSITIVE CHARACTER THROUGH CHARACTER TEACHERS

By having a positive character, a person will feel his presence in the family, work, and community environment. Students who are the next generation of the nation are formed through the learning process from their families and the surrounding environment, including schools and educators with all their facilities. As educators, teachers are individuals who are sued and imitated, and they play an essential role in building the positive character of students. Child-friendly schools are the government's efforts to support the overall development of children to facilitate the achievement of educational goals and emphasize the importance of a conducive and supportive learning environment to build students' character values so that they have a positive character because they have a positive character is an advantage that is reflected in good nature and attitude, the ability to interact well with anyone, having strong morals, empathy, honesty, kindness, discipline, optimism, resilience, and good self-control. In supporting the government's efforts to create child-friendly schools, the Medan Catholic Education Council-Keusukan Agung has equipped teachers at the kindergarten, elementary, and junior high school levels, participated in child-friendly school seminars, with the theme "building a generation with the positive character through teachers with character", so that teachers realize that they must have a positive character. They can build their students with positive character Because a person's character will be formed through the learning process throughout his life, including in the school environment.

Take India as an example to explore the role of media in policy communication

This paper examines the role of media in the dissemination and implementation of public policy in India. Through an analysis of various media platforms, including television, newspapers, and social media, the study explores how the media influences public perception and understanding of government policies. The paper highlights the dual role media plays in both promoting policies and holding the government accountable by fostering public debate and scrutiny. Key case studies, such as the Digital India initiative, demonstrate how effective media engagement can lead to increased policy awareness and citizen participation. However, the study also identifies significant challenges, including media bias, the spread of misinformation, and unequal access to media in rural areas. These issues can hinder the successful communication of policies and undermine trust in government efforts. The paper concludes by stressing the need for media reform, greater media literacy, and improved infrastructure to ensure that public policy dissemination reaches all sectors of society and remains accurate and unbiased. This research underscores the critical role media plays in shaping democratic governance and public policy outcomes in India.

India in the Global Microelectronics Market

The Indian government attaches high importance to the development of microelectronics industry in order to achieve the goals of Self-reliant India Campaign (Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan) announced in May 2020. The main objectives of special programs and measures are to give an impetus to the domestic manufacturing sector, attract investments, and generate direct and indirect employment. The BJP government’s vision for electronics industry is focused on expanding production facilities to meet local demand and ramp up exports. It is important to note the impact of external/global factors as well. In searching for alternative options to China, large electronic companies are considering the possibility of transferring manufacturing operations to India, noting such country’s advantages like the fastest economic growth, large workforce, rapidly expanding middle class and stable political system. Step by step India keens to become a prominent player in the global microelectronics market. The article analyzes the key stages of the development of electronics industry in India, explores taken by the current central government efforts to promote electronics system design and IT hardware manufacturing in the country.

The Role of Political Trust, Perceived Government Efforts, Peer Influence, and Eco-Anxiety in Climate Change Adaptation among Johor Youth in Malaysia

The Role of Political Trust, Perceived Government Efforts, Peer Influence, and Eco-Anxiety in Climate Change Adaptation among Johor Youth in Malaysia

Indonesia’s Handling of Terrorists’ Cyber Activities: How Repressive Measures Still Fall Short

The article examines discrepancies between the Indonesian government’s response to terrorist cyber activities and the actual activities of terrorists online. By analysing data from 55 convicted terrorists, the study reveals that while government efforts focus on censoring extremist content on social media and websites, terrorists have shifted to using messaging platforms for tactical coordination. This shift indicates that current censorship and platform removal strategies are ineffective in preventing terrorists from exploiting cyberspace. The article highlights that repressive measures, such as criminal prosecution and strict regulation, may undermine the roles of users, platform managers and tech companies in content moderation. Additionally, these measures could drive terrorists to smaller, less monitored platforms, ultimately failing to curb their online activities and compromising freedom of expression. The findings suggest that a more nuanced approach is needed to address terrorist use of cyberspace effectively.

Celebrity leaders and corporate greenwashing

PurposeThis study aims to elucidate the causal relationship between corporate greenwashing and celebrity leaders.Design/methodology/approachThis study considers winning the National Model Worker Award as an external shock for producing celebrity leaders and conducts a difference-in-difference (DID) estimation with listed companies from 2009 to 2022 in the Chinese context.FindingsThe findings indicate an increase in greenwashing of companies with celebrity leaders in the post-award period. Stakeholder pressure can moderate the effect of celebrity leaders on corporate greenwashing.Originality/valueThis study enriches the research on the antecedents of greenwashing and the impacts of celebrity leaders. The findings advance the understanding of the real effect of celebrity leaders on environmental, social and governance (ESG) efforts and provide new insights into how celebrities respond to legitimacy pressures.

Potential of local wisdom as an effort to prevent damage to forest resources

Deforestation is a problem that often occurs in forest resources and has an impact on human life. This study aims to analyze the potential of local wisdom of indigenous peoples in efforts to prevent deforestation. Forest resources that have an important role in supporting the lives of living things are threatened by the very high rate of deforestation. Government efforts to reduce the rate of deforestation are still less than optimal, as evidenced by the very dynamic rate of deforestation. Therefore, efforts need to be made to reduce the rate of deforestation by involving indigenous peoples through their local wisdom. The method used in this study uses a qualitative research with a library research method to contain the research results. The results of the analysis show that deforestation is influenced by the ease of obtaining concession permits to utilize forest resources without management. Local wisdom of indigenous peoples has great potential in reducing the rate of deforestation based on perspectives, rules, and sustainable use of forest resources.

State-Sponsored Qurʾanic Exegesis: a Comparative Analysis of Turkiye’s and Indonesia’s Official Tafsir

Abstract This research aims to analyze the official Tafsir in Turkiye and Indonesia within their respective socio-political contexts. Official Tafsir, such as “Kurʾan Yolu” in Turkiye and “Al-Qurʾan dan Tafsirnya” (QDT) in Indonesia, reflects state intervention in shaping religious discourse, differing from traditional Tafsir. This study identifies three main features of official Tafsir: exclusivity, collectivity, and responsiveness. The exclusivity in the official exegesis in both countries is influenced by the dominant madhhab (Hanafi in Turkiye and Shafiʾi in Indonesia), reflecting government efforts to standardize religious understanding in line with state interests. The research employs a comparative methodological approach, using primary data from official exegesis texts and secondary literature on political and cultural history in both countries. The findings indicate that official exegesis in Turkiye and Indonesia not only serves as a tool to maintain religious orthodoxy but also as an instrument for the state to address emerging social and legal issues. This study provides insights into the complex interplay between politics, culture, and religious interpretation, emphasizing the importance of maintaining inclusivity in religious discourse to meet the diverse needs of society.

Ketimpangan Distribusi Kartu Indonesia Pintar: Sebuah Kajian terhadap Akses dan Implementasi di Indonesia

This study aims to examine the distribution inequality of the Indonesia Smart Card (KIP) Program as one of the Indonesian government's efforts to improve access to education for the poor and vulnerable poor. This program is expected to reduce school dropout rates and provide more equitable educational opportunities. However, its implementation still faces various obstacles, such as inaccurate targeting of recipients, delays in fund disbursement, lack of assistance, and the amount of assistance that is considered insufficient. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis to explore the factors that influence the success and failure of KIP distribution in various parts of Indonesia. The results show that while the program provides short-term benefits in easing the economic burden of recipient families, its impact on improving long-term economic independence is limited. This study recommends improvements in the data collection mechanism, beneficiary verification, and more intensive mentoring to ensure program effectiveness. Thus, it is expected that KIP can be more optimal in supporting education equity and poverty alleviation in Indonesia.

Raising and Lowering Awareness in the Digital Space

Abstract Since the wave of repressions targeting primarily Muslim minorities in China’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), minorities in danger resorted to various online platforms in order to increase awareness about the situation they face and to archive available evidence for future use. Thus, the narrative was created that portrays ill-treatment, forced assimilation, unlawful detention, and cultural erasure. Most Muslims and activists started using the online video platforms of Douyin, which is native to China, and TikTok, its international equivalent, to share videos aimed at domestic and international audiences. These videos vary in production quality and messages, but almost all of them are designed to mobilize viewers to learn more about the human rights crisis in the XUAR and take action. Similarly, Chinese officials started using Douyin and TikTok to create counternarratives via their own videos. Videos by Chinese authorities (e.g., local police departments in Xinjiang) or by China-sponsored content creators depict Muslims enjoying their culture, language, and religion, and the region is often shown as peaceful and rapidly developing, thanks to the efforts of the Chinese government. This article aims to look at examples of Douyin and TikTok videos by both Muslims and human rights activists and pro-CCP (Chinese Communist Party) content creators through the lenses of multimodal discourse analysis to identify potential trends and shared approaches. The theoretical framework includes digital activism, oppositional media resource mobilization, and surveillance studies, focusing on how digital activism emerges as a response to digital repression. The article concludes with findings of how video content by pro-Muslim minority and pro-CCP creators battle on the online spaces of Douyin and TikTok for a dominant narrative, which can be categorized as reactive and proactive measures against state (digital) repression.

The Prominent Role of Tarekat Education as A Social Change Basis for Stemming Radicalism in Lamongan

This article examines the role of Tarekat (Sufi) educational institutions in promoting social change in Lamongan, Indonesia, a region known for Islamic radicalism. Tarekat institutions have often been seen as disconnected from social change, primarily seen as ascetic and otherworldly, not concerned with social issues. However, this study argues that these institutions can play a crucial role in countering radicalism. While government efforts to counter radicalism and deradicalisation focus on conventional methods, tarekat institutions remain undervalued as cultural assets in this context. The research uses a qualitative phenomenological approach, including interviews, observation and documentation. Findings suggest that Sufi educational institutions are instrumental in curbing the spread of radicalism, particularly in Solokuro, Lamongan. The curriculum, which emphasises peace and love, contributes significantly to deradicalisation efforts and provides an effective cultural countermeasure to radicalism in the region.

Mobsters, Mounties, and Canadian Governmental Responses to Organized Crime, 1965–67

Due to its secretive nature and propensity to spread if left unchecked, organized crime bedeviled politicians and law enforcement officials in North America. The popular mythology surrounding the gangster and mobster betrayed the harsh realities of illicit business activities geared towards exploitive profit. Canada was slow to appreciate that career criminals connected to mafia syndicates from the United States and their home-grown accomplices were present and active during the 1960s. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police/Gendarmerie royale du Canada took the lead in criminal intelligence and maintained close relations with American law enforcement counterparts at the federal level. Separate efforts in Quebec focused on investigation towards prosecution, pushed by a tough-on-crime justice minister. The two approaches towards the problem came up in discussions between federal and provincial authorities during meetings in July 1965 and January 1966, interspersed by a federal election that returned a Liberal minority government to power. This article argues that the federal government’s preference for a modest law enforcement solution stymied real progress and instead served political expediency to dodge a demanded royal commission. Organized crime continued to flourish despite governmental efforts.

The Impact of Socio-Economic and Climate Change on Poverty in Indonesia

Climate change can impact farmers’ incomes as agricultural production still depends on the weather. Currently, the majority of the impoverished rely primarily on agriculture for their income. The connection between poverty and climate change has been extensively studied, but further research is needed in this area. This research was conducted to provide empirical evidence regarding the impact of climate change on poverty using time series data, which has never been done. This research wants to examine the impact of socio-economics (economic growth, agricultural sector growth, inequality, inflation) and climate change on poverty. This research uses time series data from 2007 to 2022. The Central Bureau of Statistics and Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) reports are the sources of research data. The study results suggest that the government’s performance index in combating inflation, agricultural sector growth, and climate change has a positive impact on poverty. Poverty is negatively affected by the Gini index and economic growth. Government efforts to adaptively address climate change are necessary to prevent worsening impacts on poverty rates. To reduce the risk of crop failure, farmers must also practice practical agricultural management.

Innovation in Baby Massage Services "Rembulan" (Relaxation for Healthy, Active, and Comfortable Growth) to Reduce Stunting Prevalence at Lontar Health Center, Surabaya

This study aims to explore and analyze the effectiveness of the "Rembulan" baby massage service innovation at Lontar Health Center, Surabaya, in reducing stunting prevalence. This service enhances infant health and well-being through massage methods that support relaxation, optimal growth, and motor development. In the context of efforts to reduce stunting rates, the program focuses on infants and children under two years old who are at risk of malnutrition and growth delay. This research employs a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews, field observations, and secondary data analysis. Respondents include healthcare workers, parents, and stakeholders directly involved in the baby massage service. The results indicate that the "Rembulan" baby massage program increases infants' nutritional intake by boosting appetite, optimizing digestion, and improving sleep quality. These benefits contribute to better growth and development, reducing the risk of stunting. The study concludes that baby massage innovation has significant potential as a non-pharmacological intervention in public health programs. This service is effective when integrated with nutrition education and continuous health monitoring. Proper implementation can make baby massage a comprehensive solution in government efforts to reduce stunting prevalence in Indonesia

Legal Protection for Fixed-Term Employment Contract Patterns based on Law No. 6 of 2023 on The Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 2 of 2022 on Job Creation

Legal Protection for Fixed-Term Employment Contract Patterns based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 2 of 2022 on Job Creation into Law is an interesting topic to study to provide the public with information regarding Fixed-Term Employment Contracts. This is because the sector of Fixed-Term Employment Contracts plays a very important role for workers in determining their welfare. The research method used is qualitative, with secondary legal sources utilizing normative and empirical legal research. The data obtained from the research show that both the government and society play a crucial role in shaping and supervising labor law policies. Legal protection for workers in Fixed-Term Employment Contracts must be fair and balanced between Fixed-Term and Permanent Employment Contract Workers. However, in the government's efforts to protect the workforce, there are still obstacles. It can be concluded that the regulation of Fixed-Term Employment Contracts in various laws and regulations reflects the government's ability to protect its people. These regulations must continuously be improved in accordance with the changing times, and oversight from the public is necessary as a control function to ensure that the latest regulations aim for the welfare of the people.

Conflict and Environmental Peace: Tensions and Relations Over Water Governance in the Colombian Catatumbo Region

Objective: Government efforts and initiatives aimed at mitigating socio-environmental conflicts in the Catatumbo region of Colombia have not generated positive results, facing new cycles of armed violence and ongoing social crises that impact local ecosystems. In response, this qualitative research explored the perceptions of environmental leaders and local communities regarding peacebuilding and territorial transformation around water. Method: Using the constant comparative method based on grounded theory, the actions and work of social organisations focused on moving from an extractive economic model to development based on water governance were identified. Results: The findings reveal the potential of leaders, whose cultural identity is reflected in ancestral wisdom, to transform conflicts by recognising nature as an integral part of the community and the territory. Implications of the research: Decision-makers, research centres and academics are urged to strongly support these water-focused land-use planning initiatives, which are aligned with a quintuple helix model for sustainable development that integrates environmental peace. Originality/value: Among the innovations of this study is a theoretical proposal based on the voices of social and environmental leaders, who offer answers and projects that challenge the anthropocentric and utilitarian approach of other development plans. In addition, a regional ontology is proposed that conceives the territory as a social entity capable of strengthening governance from a biocentric perspective that respects natural rights.