Efficient Solid Waste Management Research Articles

Factors influencing willingness to pay for improved solid waste collection services among households in urban cities in Uganda: empirical evidence from Lira City

Waste management in Lira City, Uganda faces significant challenges, particularly in the area of waste collection. Pollution and health risks from uncollected waste are rampant, posing serious threats to human health and the environment. This persistent problem demands urgent attention and effective solutions to improve waste collection and safeguard the well-being of the community and the natural surroundings. This study aimed to assess households’ willingness to pay for improved waste collection services, examine their waste management practices, and identify influencing factors. We employed a multistage sampling technique to randomly select 585 household heads and conducted key informant interviews with city officials and private waste collectors. Data analysis was conducted with STATA 17 and results showed that 48.12% of households were willing to pay an average of UGX 3012 ($0.84) per month for better services. Factors including education level, occupation, distance to waste collection sites, and environmental awareness significantly influenced this willingness. The study highlights a significant gap in public awareness and understanding of efficient solid waste management practices and concludes that enhancing public awareness is crucial for improving environmental health and safety in Lira City.

MSW-Net: A hierarchical stacking model for automated municipal solid waste classification

ABSTRACT Efficient solid waste management is crucial for urban health and welfare in the midst of fast industrialization and urbanization. In this changing environment, government authorities have a significant role in addressing and reducing the effects of solid waste. While waste separation at the source simplifies processes, manual sorting is a consequence of ignorance in numerous regions, which endangers the health of waste pickers. This study addresses the challenges by introducing the MSW-Net model, a hierarchical stacking model designed for the automated classification of municipal solid waste (MSW). Customized Convolutional Neural Network (custom CNN) and Bayesian-Optimized MobileNet models serve as the base models, with Gradient Boosting employed as the meta-classifier. The MSW-Net model, as proposed, exhibits exceptional performance, attaining 99%, 95%, and 96.43% accuracy rates over training, validation, and testing, respectively. Additionally, the model achieves precision, recall, and F1 scores of 96.42%, 96.43%, and 96.42% during the testing phase. Therefore, the proposed MSW-Net model performs better than the other existing models in sorting the waste. This could also aid the municipal authorities in classifying the waste with minimal human intervention. Implications: The MSW-Net model, featuring a hierarchical stacking approach with custom CNN and Bayesian-Optimized MobileNet base models, and Gradient Boosting as the meta-classifier, achieves remarkable accuracy in automated municipal solid waste classification. With performance metrics of 99% accuracy in training, 95% in validation, and 96.43% in testing, alongside precision, recall, and F1 scores around 96.42%, the MSW-Net model significantly outperforms existing models. This advancement promises to aid municipal authorities in efficient waste management, reducing reliance on manual sorting and thereby improving the health and safety of waste pickers.

Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies and Practices: A review

Purpose: This paper introduces a multi-period, multi-objective model for creating an integrated, sustainable municipal solid waste management supply chain. The model includes source separation and a reward-penalty mechanism, aiming to minimize total system costs, greenhouse gas emissions, and environmental impacts on residential areas. Many countries strive to develop efficient solid waste management systems (SWMS) that handle and dispose of daily waste cost-effectively while maintaining sustainability. These systems include waste sources, collection stations, landfills, incinerators, recycling plants, and a transportation network. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted on existing literature from various studies. Recent studies were used for this systematic review of sustainable municipal solid waste management strategies and practices. Findings: Decision-makers must design or reconfigure a sustainable MSWM to determine the optimal supply chain network for treating and disposing of daily waste effectively. This paper suggests sustainable waste management strategies and practices from various countries, aiming to determine the best number and locations for facilities and optimal waste flow within the system to minimize daily costs. The primary contribution of this review is the theoretical development of sustainable MSWM practices applicable worldwide. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Cooperation between the private and public sectors involved in solid waste management and the circular economy is imperative to ensure the technical, financial, and social sustainability of waste management systems. Large-scale awareness programs on solid waste management and the circular economy should be implemented, focusing on fostering environmentally responsible behaviors and attitudes, promoting sorting, selective collection, and the recovery of materials and energy from waste.

PENGARUH NIAT TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU PRO ALAM SEKITAR KITAR SEMULA DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR SEKOLAH

Less efficient management of solid waste will lead to environmental degradation which ultimately affects the quality of human life. Recycling is said to be one of the best solutions to the problem, but participation in recycling activities is still low. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of intent factors and their three dimensions, i.e. attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control of pro-environmental behavior practices or Pro-Environment Behavior (PEB) recycling by using The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The study was conducted on 259 students who were randomly selected from seven sixth form centres and analysed using descriptive statistics and inference statistics. The findings showed that both sexes scored in high categories for intent variables and Recycling PEB practices. The level of intent and PEB recycling is at a high level. The results of the analysis found that the intent variable had a significant influence on recycling PEB practices however, at a moderate level. It is found that the influence of the dimension of intent, i.e. attitude towards recycling PEB is at .075, i.e. insignificant (sig. F = p<0.05), but the dimensions of the subject norms and perceived behavior have a significant influence on the recycling PEB i.e. at p=.006 and .000 respectively. The results of this study are expected to generate ideas and suggestions to improve pro-environmental behaviour practices that support recycling among school students.

Critical Appraisal of Institutional Solid Waste Management: Case Study of Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

By implementing an adaptable sanitary landfill for an efficient solid waste management system any institution can reduce the risk to the environment and public health while promoting social inclusivity and urban sustainability through resource conservation and material recovery. As a result of Lead City University of Ibadan's extraordinary student growth, the university was forced to scramble to find practical solutions to its waste management problems because sustainable development and environmental sustainability are the primary goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The adaptive sanitary landfill was therefore designed on the basis of waste control, which was characterized by the presence of a liner and a leachate collection system to prevent groundwater contamination and a capping system to prevent air contamination. As a result, the management of solid waste beneath the university system was the focus of this experimental study.
 After the waste was sorted, quantified, and characterized, an experimental method was used to measure the four major liquefied gases (LFGs): carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ammonia gas (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and nitrogen gas (NH3) using a gas monitoring meter. The measurements were taken both before and after the construction of an adaptive sanitary landfill. The concentrations of liquefied gases (LFG) were measured in the morning and afternoon. Adding activated charcoal had the effect of increasing the liquefied gas production. Lastly, adding animal manures resulted in a greater liquefied gas production than when it was not added.
 In order to provide a planning mechanism for creating a cohesive, financially secure, ecologically conscious, and socially inclusive university environment through sustainable waste management, the research project aims to strengthen the basic framework for inclusive waste management through the construction of an adaptive sanitary landfill at Lead City University, Ibadan.

Solid Waste Management: A Sustainable Waste Management for Human Health and Environment

The significant increase in robust waste management can be attributed to economic expansion, population growth, and shifts in waste disposal practices. This phenomenon can be attributed to the rapid urbanisation and increasing affluence of individuals, which directly impacts societal dynamics and national progress. Solid Waste is considered as an inevitable derivative of human activities. Economic improvement, urbanization, and improved residing standards in cities beautify the quantity and complexity of stable waste. The rapid increase of populace coupled with urbanization has positioned brilliant strain on Nagpur Municipal Corporation to fulfil the growing demands of its citizens The main objectives of sustainable waste management prioritize safeguarding both human health and the environment while conserving valuable resources. This study aims to engage the community actively in efficient solid waste management practices, fostering cooperation and participation. Ultimately, the goal is to ensure environmental sustainability through a thorough investigation and analysis of waste management practices within the city. This involves focusing on appropriate technologies tailored for waste processing. Thus researcher intends to know how garbage, can be used as a valuable resource the new methods of disposal will lead to a sustainable environment for future generations by this research.

Strength behavior and deformability characteristics of paste backfill with the addition of recycled rubber

ABSTRACT This study aims to research the implications of rubber powder utilisation, from tires recycling, in the deformability and strength properties of CPB. In the end, it will be concluded that mine paste backfill with recycled rubber materials contributes to the decrease of waste tire pollution and improve some mechanical properties of the filling body. For that purpose, tests were carried out to determine the uniaxial compressive strength, the elastic energy of deformation, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio in specimens made up of mine tailings, Portland cement, wastewater, rubber powder, and plasticisers. The analysis of experimental data determines that recycled rubber makes fresh slurry have better performance in flow characteristics. In the hardened state, recycled rubber reduces the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens and Poisson’s ratio, but other features like deformability increase (Young’s modulus decrease) that enhance the ability to absorb elastic strain energy of the filling body. As a result, the study indicates that recycled rubber is applicable to rockburst prevention. The findings of this study provide both invaluable information and industrial applications for the efficient management of solid waste, based on sustainable development and circular economy.

Eco Efficiency Optimization of Municipal Solid Waste Management

Abstract: Municipal solid wastes, commonly referred to as trash or garbage, are the solid wastes generated from human activities. A number of these wastes are extremely toxic and infectious. The uncontrolled and unscientific way of dumping such wastes have raised the number of incidents of hazards to human health. One among the important aspects which gains more impact on sustainability of the environment is management of municipal solid waste. A case study of Juhu (MCGM) has been selected for effective and efficient management of municipal solid waste. The main objective of the research is to seek out an optimal route for transporting the rubbish from dumper bins and from temporary transfer stations to the ultimate dumping yard. The research work has been administered in two stages, namely data collection within the first stage and data analysis for optimization within the second stage. For locating the optimal transportation route, VRPTW model is employed in the GIS and GA environments. The proposed study is concentrated on finding the optimal route in transporting the MSW from dumper bins and temporary transfer stations to the dump-yard. MCGM must operate 90 such vehicles in 6 trips. . When time window is employed for vehicle routing, resources like labours and vehicles can be effectively managed and utilized. Due to the time window, it is easier for the highest-level officials to manage both labour and transportation vehicles.

Encapsulation of red mud with ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) for immobilization of alkaline and heavy metals: Experiments and simulations

To alleviate the storage of red mud (RM) and the resulting pollution, this study presented an encapsulation-based strategy for the safe management of RM, and adopted ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as an encapsulating material due to its superior impermeability and chemisorption properties. It is noteworthy to find that encapsulated material suffered from a selective chemisorption and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were innovatively employed to investigate the selective chemisorption mechanism. The simulation results suggested that distinct bonding forms lead to the selective chemisorption of heavy metals, with Pb being adsorbed by Si–O–Pb chemical bonds and a strong Si–O–Pb–O–Si long chain, while As and Cr only form relatively weak As–O and Cr–O bonds through their attraction to O atoms. With the thickness of the encapsulating material increases, the synergistic effect of chemical solidification and physical package is provided to achieve a stronger stabilization effect. The leaching results indicated that the encapsulated RM exhibited exceptionally low concentrations of hazardous components (i.e., Na at 1.580 mg/L, As at 0.003 mg/L, Cr at 0.027 mg/L, and undetected levels of Pb in encapsulated RM with a thickness of 1.5 mm), far below the limits set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This study opening a new window for the sustainable and efficient management of hazardous solid waste.

‘Waste to Wealth, Art of Reuse’- Learnings from Innovations in Urban Public Space Designs

The paper aims to explore innovations in architecture & urban design (UD) of public spaces executed with materials created out of waste products to demonstrate concepts of circular principles as exemplar to the society at large. Focus on designing public spaces is to showcase- firstly, immediate need to address waste crisis; secondly, ways by which recycled waste can be adopted as a mainstream attitude. Trash need not be abused in landfills, rather can become input for production. Study objectives dwell in addressing developing countries, where paradigm of ‘Waste to Wealth’ becomes one of the fundamental criteria for emerging as Smart cities. Once civic spaces attribute responsibility to the impending environmental crisis, momentum gains at grassroot-community level as public spaces bear more visibility & appeal. Need for industrial ‘re-revolution’ is sensed to reverse the negative impacts and encourage upcycling culture with efficient management of Municipal solid waste (MSW) which forms largest component of a city’s waste-output. This study discusses theories and case studies which adopted MSW in innovative ways under two broad objectives of design- aesthetics and functionality. Highlight will be on Zero-waste economical urban initiatives to enhance imagery. The study derives a ‘Toolkit for public space design’ using MSW as framework for UD schemes.

Time flies, waste piles: A bibliometric analysis of solid waste management research

Implementing efficient solid waste management practices is paramount in safeguarding the long-term viability of our planet’s natural resources and ecosystems. In addition, it represents a reasonable approach to future management decisions. This study aims to analyse the trend of solid waste management research publications in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. ScientoPy was used to analyse the datasets in this study by defining publication growth, projected subject areas, productive source titles, productive countries, and the most frequently used keywords over time. The findings of this study underscored that the Scopus and WoS databases evince a steady escalation in publications throughout the years, with a marked upswing from the outset of the 21st century. The three subject areas with the most published documents are Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Engineering, and Science & Technology - Other Topics. India has been found to possess the highest count of published documents, amounting to 474 papers, and displays a comparatively high percentage of documents published in 2021 and 2022 (PDLY) of 23%. Based on an analysis of research topics, it has been determined that solid waste management is a multifaceted and interdisciplinary area of research that encompasses a broad spectrum of topics, including but not limited to sustainability and life cycle assessment. This input provides valuable insights that can aid in comprehending issues, addressing gaps, and directing future research endeavours, particularly those related to ecological cycles. Such insights can assist researchers in resolving pressing concerns and generating innovative solutions. Prospective studies in solid waste management may focus on innovative waste treatment technologies, policy analysis, economic implications, and investigation of emerging issues such as sustainability and life cycle assessment. Interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge sharing can facilitate the resolution of solid waste management issues.

Design of a robust waste recycling network integrating social and environmental pillars of sustainability

The design of an efficient Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management network can reduce the network costs, such as investment, operational and recycling costs, and improve its sustainability, from economic to environmental and social perspectives. In this paper, a multi-objective scenario-based robust stochastic optimization model for designing a sustainable MSW management network under uncertainty is proposed. The proposed model has four objectives to seek sustainability from two quantitative and qualitative aspects. Considering the dynamicity of the factors affecting an MSW management network as well as the multiplicity of sustainability perspectives, the proposed model allows, on one hand, reaching a robust solution considering the potential scenarios, and on the other hand, integrating sustainability indicators while creating a balance between the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of such indicators. Moreover, the waste treatment technologies, as the highest added-value echelon of the MSW management network, which also distinguishes the network from a generic waste recycling network, has been investigated in the model. Finally, fuel consumption, have been particularly emphasized as critical factor, highly contributing to transportation costs and Co2 emission that are decisive criteria from both economic and environmental points of view. The proposed model and solution approach are validated through a real case study.

Transitioning towards a sustainable circular city: How to evaluate and improve urban solid waste management in Brazil.

A circular city (CC) promotes circular economy (CE) principles. Efficient urban solid waste management (USWM) strategies are essential for promoting a CE at the municipal level. New tools are needed to evaluate waste management (WM) and increase the reuse and recycling of materials to accelerate the transition towards a CC. These tools could assist decision and policymakers in adopting, implementing, and monitoring circular practices. This study proposes creating an index (USWM-index) to evaluate WM in urban areas and discuss how it could be better managed in future sustainable circular cities in Brazil. The index allows city managers to integratively and sustainably assess their USWM. Decision-makers can also use the index to set goals and objectives for recycling and reusing generated waste in cities. The index comprises 19 indicators and 51 sub-indicators. These elements were divided into five groups: Operational, Environmental, Political-economic, Educational, and Social. Cities can assess their performance in each group by using the USWM-index. The index was applied to four Brazilian cities. All cities had their USWM classified as average, and they did not have initiatives to transition to sustainable circular cities regarding WM. This study presents guidelines for transitioning from a linear city to a sustainable circular city in terms of WM.

Characterization and Quantification of Solid waste in Villages of Jhansi and Saharanpur

Abstract: The first step in the efficient and effective management of solid waste in gramme panchayats in Uttar Pradesh is to identify the type and quantity of garbage. To do this, we choose two cities from the central area and the west region (1. Jhansi, 2. Saharanpur). Two Gram Panchayats from each of the aforementioned districts were surveyed. The sample came from the chosen Gram Panchayat and was as follows: Gram Panchayats with populations greater than 10,000 were surveyed in 300 households, those with populations between 5,000 and 10,000 were surveyed in 150 households, those with populations between 2000 and 5000 were surveyed in 100 households, and those with populations under 10,000 were surveyed in 50 households. The District authorities were consulted for the selection of Gram Panchayats. Additionally, a survey of one weekly market was conducted in each District in order to collect information on the amount and type of waste produced during the weekly markets. Four major heads were used to categorise the garbage produced in gramme panchayats (Bio-degradable waste, Recyclable waste, Hazardous waste, Inert waste). In the study, we discovered that biodegradable trash makes up the majority of waste in gramme panchayats (57%), followed by inert waste (22%) and recyclable waste (17%). While all waste types can be managed, there is insufficient solid waste management at the gramme panchayat level. Additionally, we make some recommendations for efficient gramme panchayat-level waste management in Uttar Pradesh.

Recent advances in applications of artificial intelligence in solid waste management: A review

Efficient management of solid waste is essential to lessen its potential health and environmental impacts. However, the current solid waste management practices encounter several challenges. The development of effective waste management systems using advanced technologies is vital to overcome the challenges faced by the current approaches. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool for applications in various fields. Several studies also reported the applications of AI techniques in the management of solid waste. This article critically reviews the recent advancements in the applications of AI techniques for the management of solid waste. Various AI and hybrid techniques have been successfully employed to predict the performance of various methods used for the generation, segregation, storage, and treatment of solid waste. The key challenges that limit the applications of AI in solid waste are highlighted. These include the availability and selection of applicable data, poor reproducibility, and less evidence of applications in real solid waste. Based on identified gaps and challenges, recommendations for future work are provided. This review is beneficial for all stakeholders in the field of solid waste management, including policy-makers, governments, waste management organizations, municipalities, and researchers.

Evaluation of solid biomedical waste management practices in six health facilities in southern Benin

Introduction: Health care generates biomedical waste that present risks to humans and the environment if poorly managed. The objective of this study was to assess the management practices of solid biomedical waste in southern Benin. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in six health facilities. The study included 12 administrative agents selected by reasoned choice and 431 health care agents selected by convenience. The data were collected by questionnaire, interview, and observation. They concerned variables related to the production, the practice of managing, knowledge of the impact of solid biomedical waste on the environment and health, training and protection of personnel. Data analysis was done with R 4.5.0 software. Quantitative variables were described by median and interquartile range. Proportions were compared with the chi-square test or that of Fisher at the threshold of 0.05. Results: The health facilities did not have solid biomedical waste management database. Sorting was not systematic in 59.5 %. Final storage locations did not meet standards. Almost one in four health workers (24.4 %) were injured by biomedical waste. Overall, 45.8 % of the staff had been trained at least once on biomedical waste management. 61 % of the staff surveyed were vaccinated, hepatitis B (41.3 %), tetanus (32.9 %). Conclusion: In view of the results, it is necessary to ensure the on ongoing awareness and training of medical staff in the sorting and packaging of biomedical waste and to set up an efficient and sustainable solid biomedical waste management system with effective monitoring mechanisms.

Assessment of Air Quality Parameters at Different Locations of Tangail Sadar Upazila, Tangail

The study was conducted to investigate the concentration of PM2.5, PM10, CH4, CO2, CO, SO2 in the air of Tangail Sadar Upazila, Tangail. In the study area air quality data has been collected from eight sampling stations namely MBSTU campus, Baby stand, Nirala more, New bus stand, Rabna bypass, College gate, Old bus stand, Nogor jalfoi during dry season. The air quality data collected by using Aeroqual S 500 series. The concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, CH4, CO2, CO, SO2 found in air were ranged from 0.03-0.06, 0.04-0.10, 12.3-36, 919-1238.2, 0.00- 2.61, 0.00-0.48 mg/m3, respectively. The concentration of PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2 that have been found were higher than Bangladesh standard and WHO guideline. Their sources could be the motor vehicles, road dust, coal burning, road construction, open dumping of solid waste in Tangail Sadar Upazila. Appropriate engine design control strategies and maintenance services should be introduced for reducing emission. Efficient solid waste management system should be introduced to control emission from construction sources.
 Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 13(1&2): 118-122, 2020

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on Solid WasteManagement Among Households in the UrbanCommunities of Butuan City, Philippines

Urban agglomeration in Butuan City led to issues on solid waste management (SWM). The socioeconomic profile and effectiveness of SWM programs were assessed and evaluated through a survey questionnaire. Using a 5-point Likert scale to measure the knowledge, attitude, and practices towards SWM. Key informant interviews and focused group discussions were also conducted. On the average, respondents showed very high SWM knowledge (3.80) and attitude (4.52) which was attributed to high educational attainment and income. Majority of the respondents practice waste segregation (97.9%), reusing (83.8%), recycling (70.4%) and composting (61.3%). However, low knowledge on the location (35.6%), functionality (33.7%), and utilization (51.3%) of the materials recovery facilities was noted, an indication of non-compliance by local government units to SWM laws and policies. A significant number of respondents do not practice composting (38.7%) due to lack of facilities and available space. Clustered materials recovery and composting facilities, and adjustments on waste collection, storage, and disposal systems must be established and implemented. Incentive programs, awareness campaigns, and public participation are key elements of an efficient SWM system.

СОЗДАНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОБРАЩЕНИЯ С ТВЕРДЫМИ КОММУНАЛЬНЫМИ ОТХОДАМИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

The article reveals patterns and trends in the development of the sphere of municipal solid waste management based on the principles of sustainable development. It is noted that the current stage of social development is based on the need to ensure environmental safety, one of the elements of which is the need for a comprehensive and efficient management of municipal solid waste. The authors of the article provide analytical data on the current state of the ongoing reforms, as well as highlight the problematic aspects of the ongoing activities. The provision is given that it is possible to solve a number of problems and increase efficiency in the field of municipal solid waste management on the basis of public-private partnership.

Towards a sustainable energy future for Egypt: A systematic review of renewable energy sources, technologies, challenges, and recommendations

Egypt has a significant role in international energy transit, being one of the major economies in the African continent. However, its energy sector is still overwhelmed with the local energy demands. It has been predicted that Egypt's CO2 emissions could increase by around 125% from 2012 to 2035 if the nation's energy demand is met using conventional power generation technologies. Given that Egypt has signed the Kyoto protocol and recognised the role of international cooperation in facing climate change, the country should focus on meeting the growing energy demand using clean energy technologies. In the meantime, Egypt has been facing many challenges due to the water scarcity issues and environmental risks arising from the lack of efficient solid waste management strategies over the last few decades. It has been predicted that the country's crude oil reserves might be depleted within the next 15 years or so. To face these challenges effectively and enforce the Egyptian role in international energy transit, renewable energy (RE) technologies and their applications should be the main focus of the current/future Egyptian energy frameworks. This review summarises the current energy outlook of Egypt while analysing the country's potential to harness energy from sustainable sources. In general, it has been found that Egypt's renewable energy sector is yet to be exploited for sustainable energy production through its diverse and plentiful resources. Eventually, two scenarios have been proposed to consider in achieving the nation's 2035 energy target, which is to generate 42% of the country's energy need through renewable sources. This study should help Egypt and other countries to set the way forward in achieving the NET ZERO target that the whole world aims to fulfil over the next few decades.