Efficient Removal Of Hg Research Articles

Efficient and selective capture of various mercury species from water using an exfoliated thiocellulose

The primary challenge in mercury (Hg) adsorbents for large-scale practical applications is to achieve the balance between performance and economy. This work attempts to address this issue by synthesizing an exfoliated thiocellulose (CU-SH) with high thiol density and hierarchical porosity using in-situ ligands grafting combined with chemical stripping. The prepared CU-SH shows remarkable physical stability and chemical resistance, and the micron sized fiber is conducive to separation from water. Hg(II) adsorption tests in water demonstrate that CU-SH has broad working pH range (1−12), fast kinetics (0.64 g/(mg‧min)), high adsorption capacity (652.9 mg/g), outstanding selectivity (Kd = 6.2 × 106 mg/L), and excellent reusability (R > 95 % after 20 cycles). Importantly, CU-SH exhibits good resistance to various coexisting ions and organic matter, and can efficiently remove Hg(II) from different real water. CU-SH can be made into a Point of Use (POU) device for continuous and efficient removal of Hg(II) from drinking water. 0.1 g CU-SH filled device can purify 3.2 L of Hg(II) (0.5 ppm) contaminated tap water before the breakthrough point of 2 ppb. Moreover, CU-SH also reveals good adsorption affinity for Hg-dissolved organic matter complexes (Hg(II)-DOM) in water, chloro(phenyl)mercury (PMC) in organic media and Hg0 vapor in air, suggesting the great practical potential of CU-SH.

Selective detection and removal of Hg2+ from aqueous medium by a Ni(II) based selenocyanate–containing coordination polymer through the uncoordinated selenium ends

The uncoordinated soft selenium end of the selenocyanato moiety present within a newly synthesized Ni(II) based coordination polymer, [Ni(3-bpd)2(NCSe)2]n (1), (3-bpd is 1,4-bis(3-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene) has been implemented for the purpose of selective naked eye sensing as well as efficient removal of Hg2+ ions from its aqueous solution. The synthesis of [Ni(3-bpd)2(NCSe)2]n has been carried out in suitable conditions and this Ni based coordination polymer has been well-characterized with the help of different analytical techniques like single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, FE-SEM analysis, and EDX analysis. The X-ray diffraction analysis of 1 reveals that there exists two selenocyanato moieties attached to the nearly octahedral Ni(II) centre through its nitrogen ends while the selenium ends remain uncoordinated. The approach for the detection as well as removal of Hg2+ is extremely straight-forward. The affinity of Hg2+ towards soft centres is well known. Therefore Hg2+ ions create bonding interaction with the selenium ends of 1. As a result of this interaction the green colored coordination polymer turns grey. FT-IR spectroscopy justifies this bonding interaction. EDX analysis suggests that Hg : Ni ratio in the grey material is 2 : 1. The sensing property of coordination polymer is highly selective towards Hg2+ because its color remains unchanged in the presence of other metal ions.

Efficient removal of Hg2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions with polyaspartic acid: Influencing factors and mechanism analysis

The removal rates of polyaspartic acid (PASP) for Hg2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ were evaluated, and the complexes formed after the reaction were characterised. With increasing PASP dosage, the removal rate increased. At pH 5.0–9.0, the removal rates increased as the pH increased. The removal rates of three heavy metal ions from Cl− ions were higher than those from NO3– ions. The removal amounts of Hg2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ by PASP were 1058.46, 203.07 and 459.20 mg·g−1, respectively. The SEM images reflected the significant interactions between the heavy metal ions and PASP. The FTIR spectra revealed that carboxylate and nitrogen were the significant groups in the reactions of PASP with Hg2+ and Cu2+, and carboxylate was the significant group in the reaction of PASP with Cd2+. Overall, the results demonstrate that PASP is a promising candidate for removing Hg2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions.

Carbon dots/Ruthenium(III) nanocomposites for FRET fluorescence detection and removal of mercury (II) via assembling into nanofibers

The determination and removal of mercury(II) (Hg2+) are essential for human health and environmental ecosystems. Herein, an ingenious carbon dots (CDs)-based Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) system (N, S-CDs/Ru) was fabricated employing CDs and Ru3+ units as energy-transfer doner/acceptor pairs for visual detection and efficient removal of Hg2+. The treatment of Hg2+ induced a remarkable linear enhancement of the ratiometric fluorescence (F613 nm/F478 nm) with a detection limit (LOD) of 95 nM, along with continuous fluorescence color variations from blue to red. Given that the fluorescence color recognition and processing realized the real-time and rapid quantitation of Hg2+ by paper-based smartphone sensing platform. The mechanistic study revealed that the N/S/O-rich surface of the system enabled the Hg2+-triggered self-assembly from dots to nanofibers, combing with the active FRET process. Also, the efficient removal of Hg2+ with a removal efficiency of ∼98 % and an adsorption capacity of ∼372 mg/g was obtained. Furthermore, it was found that N, S-CDs/Ru loaded commercialized SiO2 or SBA-15 could facilitate the removal of Hg2+ with a removal efficiency over 99 % and an adsorption capacity up to ∼562 mg/g. This study provides a potential strategy for environmental monitoring and remediation.

Adsorption of Hg(II) on polyethyleneimine-functionalized carboxymethylcellulose beads: Characterization, toxicity tests, and adsorption experiments

Mercury (Hg) is widely used in many industrial processes and is released into the environment. Therefore, efficient removal of Hg from water is of vital importance worldwide. Here, we explored the adsorption characteristics of Hg(II) on polyethyleneimine-functionalized carboxymethylcellulose (PEI-CMC) beads and studied the toxicity of the beads toward Daphnia magna and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The PEI-CMC beads had an average particle size of 2.04 ± 0.25 mm, a point of zero charge (pHpzc) of 5.8, and a swelling ratio of 2.45. Acute toxicity tests demonstrated that the PEI-CMC beads had no toxic effects on D. magna. The growth inhibition tests revealed that growth inhibition of P. subcapitata could be attributed to adsorption of trace elements in growth media on the PEI-CMC beads. The adsorption experiments exhibited that the Matthews and Weber model best described the kinetic data, whereas the Redlich–Peterson model was well fitted to the isotherm data. The theoretical maximum Hg(II) adsorption capacity of the PEI-CMC beads was 313.1 mg/g. The thermodynamic experiments showed endothermic nature of the Hg(II) adsorption on the PEI-CMC beads at 10–40 °C. The adsorption experiments exhibited that the Hg(II) adsorption capacity decreased gradually as pH increased from 2 to 12. The adsorption of Hg(II) on the PEI-CMC beads can occur through chelation and electrostatic attraction. The FTIR and XPS spectra before and after Hg(II) adsorption confirmed that chelation of neutral Hg(II) species (HgCl2, HgClOH, and Hg(OH)2) can occur with amino and oxygen-containing functional groups on the PEI-CMC beads. Considering species distribution of Hg(II) and the pHpzc of the PEI-CMC beads, electrostatic attraction between the positively-charged beads and anionic Hg(II) species (HgCl3− and HgCl42−) can take place in highly acidic solutions. The PEI-CMC beads were regenerated and reused for Hg(II) adsorption using 0.1 M HCl.

One-step synthesis of a benzothiadiazole-based nonbranching functionalized covalent organic framework and its application in efficient removal of Hg2.

In recent years, a variety of adsorbents have been developed for Hg2+ removal. However, these adsorbents are unsatisfactory for adsorption due to narrow and irregular pore channels or poor adsorption capacity and low stability. Therefore, it is worth exploring a porous Hg2+ adsorbent material with high adsorption performance and stability. In this study, a benzothiadiazole-based nonbranching functionalized covalent organic framework (COF) material (TPS-COF) by one-step synthesis was reported, which exhibited a high specific surface area of 1564 m2 g-1, high crystallinity and stability attributed to its high conjugated linkage structure of benzothiadiazole. In addition, due to the rich S and N elements of the benzothiadiazole unit, it exhibited excellent adsorption performance on Hg2+, including excellent adsorption amount (1040 mg g-1), high initial adsorption rate (448 mg g-1 min-1) and very short adsorption equilibrium time (10 min), with an efficient removal rate of Hg2+ in the pH range of 2-8. After desorption, the TPS-COF still retained good pore stability, adsorption capacity, and reusability. Such a one-step synthetic unbranched functionalization strategy provides further insights to achieve a good balance between the high crystallinity, functionality and stability of COFs.

Efficient removal of Hg(II) from dental effluents by thio-functionalized biochar derived from cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) leaves

Mercury is well known to be highly toxic to humans and aquatic life. Wastewater discharges from dental clinics are the predominant source of mercury species in the environment. Innovative biochar was fabricated by the thio-functionalization of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) leaves to produce thio-modified biochar for the sequestration of Hg (II) ions. The removal Hg(II) efficiency for the native and thio-functionalized cape gooseberry biochars were compared. Sulfur impregnation improved the affinity of biochar for Hg(II) uptake via –SH exchange and complexation mechanisms by 54%. The applicability of the novel thio-modified biochars for Hg(II) removal from dental effluents below five ppb levels was tested. The Hg(II) removal efficiency was 96.4% for 3BHS at pH = 5.0 and 25 min of contact time. The results of the present study indicated that thio-modified biochar from cape gooseberry could be a potential low-cost material for the sequestration of Hg(II) ions from acidic wastewater.

Green synthesis, characterization, and application of metal oxide nanoparticles for mercury removal from aqueous solution

In this work, a novel surface-modified, green-based wheat straw-supported magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) were synthesized via the green synthesis method, and the adsorption of mercury (Hg(II)) ion from aqueous solutions was methodically investigated. The synthesized wheat straw-supported magnetite (Fe3O4-WSS) NPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) methods. FT-IR and TGA confirmed that the surface of Fe3O4-NPs was functionalized well. The XRD analysis revealed the existence of magnetite in the synthesized wheat straw-supported Fe3O4-NPs of 19.83nm average crystalline size. SEM analysis showed Fe3O4-NPs were almost spherical, with an average particle size of 22.48nm. Adsorption studies were carried out to investigate the adsorption of Hg(II) ions onto Fe3O4-WSS NPs and the effect of various adsorption parameters such as pH, time, adsorbent dosage, and Hg(II) ion concentration. The optimum adsorption conditions were obtained: pH of 6, contact time of 45min, adsorbate of 40mg/L, and adsorbent of 1g. A maximum of 98.04% Hg(II) ion removal efficiency was obtained at these optimum conditions. FT-IR analysis also indicated that surface functional groups such as C = C,-OH, and C-C of the newly produced Fe3O4-NPs led to the more efficient removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution. The synthesized nano-adsorbent showed an excellent adsorption capability of 101.01mg/g. Hg(II) ions adsorption onto Fe3O4-WSS NPs fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Therefore, these reasonable findings reveal that Fe3O4-WSS NPs are an efficient and promising adsorbent for Hg(II) removal from aqueous water environments.

Mercury adsorption and reduction by nonlinear optical material (NLOM) DMABR loaded on Sepiolite: A mechanism study

Adsorption and reduction techniques are the main approaches for Hg2+ remediation. The delocalized electrons of nonlinear optical materials (NLOM) can be used as electron donors, while reduction remediation material based on this has not yet been reported. In this work, nonlinear optical materials (NLOM) DMABR loaded on sepiolite (SD material) was successfully synthesized via one-step hydrothermal treatment. The results of FTIR, SEM and UV–vis spectra suggested that the load material (SD) was well functionalized. Removal (adsorption and reduction) kinetics illustrated remediation potential of SD for Hg2+. Hg2+ can be effectively removed by the developed materials, with a capacity up to 68.5 mg/g. The high tolerance capacity of SD against interfering ions and organic species makes it appropriate for selective and efficient removal of Hg2+ from aqueous solutions. Characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS spectra, Zeta potential and elemental analyzer, the removal mechanism was elucidated. Under mercury stress, Sn2- in SD was decomposed into S22- and the coordination number with N increased, resulting in formation of α-HgS and inversion asymmetric products. It was proved that the reduction sites were at the strong chelate groups (N and S) due to the high content of oxidized states in spent samples. By adding mercury stepwise, the kinetics mechanism could be readily inferred by the changing emission intensity at 564 nm, providing a simpler way to study the kinetics of adsorption of contaminants using fluorescent materials. Taken together, our work showed that NLOM can participate in the redox electron transport chain of pollutants such as mercury, and thus offers promising potential for application in remediation of mercury contamination.

Nontoxic fluorescent wood with reconstructed porous structure and increased sorption sites towards selective detection and efficient removal of Hg(II)

Divalent mercury [Hg(II)] is a global pollutant affecting human health and the ecosystem. The effective treatment of Hg(II) necessitates materials that display high performance and nontoxic adsorption. In this work, we present a facile method of fabricating a nontoxic fluorescent wood (NFW) with reconstructed porous structure and increased sorption sites towards the selective detection and efficient removal of Hg(II). The major advantage of this method is that the natural skeleton from wood is not completely destroyed and smashed to a nanometre size, saving energy and time and reducing the need for specific equipment. The obtained NFW also exhibits strong adsorption ability (theoretical maximum adsorption capacity: 128.6 mg/g), excellent sensitivity for Hg(II) detection (limit of detection: 0.54 μg/L) and no cytotoxicity (cell viability: above 90%). The cost analysis shows that the NFW is inexpensive compared to activated carbon for Hg(II) sorption. This work provides a facile technique for developing low-cost, multifunctional and nontoxic adsorbents using original wood.

Efficient removal of Hg2+ by L-cysteine and polypyrrole-functionalized magnetic kaolin: condition optimization, model fitting and mechanism

Efficient removal of Hg2+ by L-cysteine and polypyrrole-functionalized magnetic kaolin: condition optimization, model fitting and mechanism

Efficient Removal of Hg(II) from Water under Mildly Acidic Conditions with Hierarchical SiO2 Monoliths Functionalized with -SH Groups.

In this work, novel adsorbents based on 3D hierarchical silica monoliths functionalized with thiol groups were used for the removal of Hg(II) ions from an acidic aqueous solution (pH 3.5). Silica monoliths were synthesized by using two different pluronic triblock polymers (P123 and F127) to study the effect of porous structure on their sorption capacity. Before and after functionalization by grafting with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), the monoliths were characterized by several techniques, and their Hg(II) removal potential was evaluated in batch experiments at 28 °C and pH 3.5, using different initial concentrations of Hg(II) ions in water (200–500 mg L−1). The thiol groups of the monoliths calcined at 550 °C showed thermal stability up to 300 °C (from TG/DTG). The functionalized monolith synthesized with P123 polymer and polyethylene glycol showed favorable hierarchical macro-mesopores for Hg(II) adsorption. M(P123)–SH exhibited 97% removal of Hg(II) at concentration 200 mg L−1. Its maximum adsorption capacity (12.2 mmol g−1) was two times higher than that of M(F127)–SH, demonstrating that the 3D hierarchical macro-mesoporosity allowing accessibility of Hg(II) to thiol groups favors the physical and chemical adsorption of Hg(II) under slightly acidic conditions.

Efficient removal of Hg2+ from aqueous solution by a novel composite of nano humboldtine decorated almandine (NHDA): Ion exchange, reducing-oxidation and adsorption

Efficient removal of Hg2+ from aqueous solution is key for environmental protection and human health. Herein, a novel composite of nano humboldtine decorated almandine was synthesized from almandine for the removal of Hg2+. Results showed that the Hg2+ removal process followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir equation, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 575.17 mg/g. Furthermore, Hg2+ removal by the composite was pH-dependent and low pH value facilitated the removal of Hg2+. SEM and HADDF-STEM results suggested a new rod morphology was generated and the adsorbed mercury was mainly enriched into this structure after reaction with Hg2+ solution. The removal mechanisms of Hg2+ by the composite was pH dependent, and included ion exchange, surface complexation, reduction and oxidation. Our results demonstrated that the composite was an ideal material for Hg2+ removal and the transformation ways of mercury related species could be a significant but currently underestimated pathway in natural and engineered systems.

Selective and efficient removal of Hg (II) from aqueous media by a low-cost dendrimer-grafted polyacrylonitrile fiber: Performance and mechanism

Polyacrylonitrile fiber was successfully modified with triazine-based dendrimer via grafting method as a promising adsorbent for removal of mercury species from aqueous media. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, porous structure analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, providing the evidence of successful fabrication. The adsorption conditions were found via varying pH, dosage, coexisting substances, contact time, temperature and concentration. Adsorption performance, described better by the pseudo-second-order kinetics with intraparticle diffusion as rate controlling step and Langmuir isotherm model, indicated a chemisorption process with the maximum Langmuir adsorption amount of 227.64 mg g−1 for mercury ions. Thermodynamically, adsorption of mercury ions was spontaneous and endothermic. Desorption and regeneration experiments demonstrated that it could be reused in five successive adsorption cycles without significant loss of its original performance. Experimental data and density functional theory calculation disclosed the coordination geometries and chelating mechanism between the adsorbent and mercury ions. The proposed study would provide a new prospect for the purification of mercury in aqueous system by functionalizing commercial polyacrylonitrile fiber with dendrimers.

Novel polyethyleneimine functionalized chitosan–lignin composite sponge with nanowall-network structures for fast and efficient removal of Hg(ii) ions from aqueous solution

An environmental-friendly polyethyleneimine functionalized chitosan–lignin composite sponge with interconnected nanowall-network structures is feasibly fabricated for rapidly and selectively removing Hg(ii) ions from aqueous solution.

Fabrication of Organic Probe Decorated Water-Soluble Polymer Chains on Natural Fibers for Selective Detection and Efficient Removal of Hg2+ Ions in Pure Aqueous Media

Developing dual-functional materials that can simultaneously detect and remove toxic heavy metal ions is of practical importance but still remains a challenging task. Herein, an ion-recognizable material, MA–SAPQA@NFs, was facilely fabricated through covalent grafting of salicylaldehyde-containing polymeric quaternary ammonium (SAPQA) chains onto the lotus seedpod-derived natural fibers (NFs), followed by decoration with 2-mercaptoaniline (MA). Several remarkable features for MA–SAPQA@NFs, which could rarely be achieved in previous studies, were integration of good hydrophilicity, high content of organic probe units, and specific visual recognition ability toward Hg2+, making it an excellent candidate as a dual-functional platform for simultaneous detection and removal of Hg2+ under completely aqueous conditions. The distinctive color change as result of Hg2+ binding to MA–SAPQA@NFs could be detected easily by the naked eye and allowed quantitative determination of Hg2+ in simulated and real water samples...

Efficient removal of Hg (II) ions from waste water by a new nano-composite poly-o-toluidine tin-zirconium (IV) molybdophosphate

ABSTRACT A new nano-composite cation exchanger poly-o-toluidine tin-zirconium (IV) molybdophosphate (PTD-SnZrMoP) was synthesised by incorporating conducting polymer poly-o-toluidine into a novel four-component inorganic cation exchanger tin-zirconium (IV) molybdophosphate with two cations and two anions. The nano-composite was characterised by FTIR, FESEM, TEM, XRD and TGA/DTA techniques. The ion exchange capacity of the nano-composite ion exchanger (2.40 meq/g) was observed to be higher as compared to that of its inorganic counterpart (1.95meq/g). The nanocomposite was found to be thermally stable, and retained 60.4% of its ion exchange capacity up to a temperature of 400°C. Elution behaviour, thermal stability, chemical stability, distribution studies and quantitative separations of metal ions from synthetic binary mixtures as well as real life effluent samples from a thermal power plant on poly-o-toluidine tin-zirconium (IV) molybdophosphate nano-composite exchanger were also investigated. The nano-composite was employed for the quantitative separation of Hg (II) ions from thermal power plant effluents.

Efficient removal of Hg2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous solution and mixed industrial wastewater using a designed chelating ligand, 2-pyridyl-N-(2'-methylthiophenyl) methyleneimine (PMTPM).

The present study is focused on the removal of Hg2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution using a tridentate chelating agent, 2-pyridyl-N-(2'-methylthiophenyl) methyleneimine (PMTPM); and applicability of such removal from industrial wastewater using PMTPM is also investigated. The results showed that the metal ions removal efficiency using PMTPM was in the order of Hg2+(99.46%) > Cd2+(95.42%) > Pb2+(94.54%) under optimum reaction conditions (L:M2+ = 3:1, pH = 9, time = 24 h, temp. = 30 °C). Formed chelated complexes such as [Hg(PMTPM)Cl2] (1), [Cd(PMTPM)Cl2] (2) and [Pb(PMTPM)Cl2] (3) were characterized by numerous spectroscopic tools and X-ray structure determination of a representative complex of Hg2+. In the X-ray structure of [Hg(PMTPM)Cl2], 1, the Hg2+ adopted a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry surrounding two N donors of PMTPM and two chloride ions. A similar coordination geometry surrounding the respective metal centres in 2 and 3 was established. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed a stability order of [Cd(PMTPM)Cl2] > [Hg(PMTPM)Cl2] > [Pb(PMTPM)Cl2]. Further the comparative metal leaching behaviour of these chelate complexes exhibited higher stability in alkaline solution than in acidic. Moreover, PMTPM was applied in real mixed industrial wastewater with alkaline pH, and adequate removals of toxic metals were achieved.

Thioether-based recyclable metal-organic frameworks for selective and efficient removal of Hg2+ from water.

Hg2+ is highly toxic and hazardous and widely found in polluted water. To remove mercury ions from wastewater, there is an urgent need to investigate and develop new adsorbents. Herein, we synthesized three novel thioether-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through a facile diffusion method or a solvothermal strategy, i.e. [(ZnCl2)3(L1)2·χ(solvent)]n (1), [(Cu2I3O2)4(CH4N0.5)4(L1)4(DMA)4·3(H2O)·χ(solvent)]n (2) and [(CuBr2)2(L2)2 CH3CN·χ(solvent)]n (3), where L1 = 1,3,5-tris((pyridin-4-ylthio)methyl)benzene and L2 = 2,4,6-trimethoxy-1,3,5-tris((pyridin-4-ylthio)methyl)benzene. The obtained thioether-based MOFs were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Further studies revealed that they could remove Hg2+ from water. They have high adsorptivity (up to 362 mg g-1) and are highly efficient in removing Hg2+ (up to 95%). Besides, these MOFs can be recycled and can selectively remove Hg2+ from water in the presence of other metal ions. Consequently, these MOFs are highly promising candidates for the selective absorption and removal of mercury ions from water.

Synthesis and sustainable assessment of thiol-functionalization of magnetic graphene oxide and superparamagnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 for Hg(II) removal from aqueous solution and petrochemical wastewater

Abstract Adsorbents used in adsorption processes play an important role in wastewater treatment technologies. It is therefore of interest how manufactured adsorbents can perform better or be more efficient. Is the adsorption capacity a sufficient indicator to select a good adsorbent? In this study, two nanoadsorbents of Hg(II) were successfully synthesized. They are magnetic graphene oxide (MGO NH-SH) and magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4@SiO NH-SH), both functionalized with a thiol group, acetylcysteine. The nanoadsorbents, in addition to their adsorption capacity, were investigated from the viewpoints of reuse and regeneration, economic costs, and environmental impact (carbon footprint). The prepared nanoadsorbents were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, FE-SEM, VSM, AFM, Raman, and elemental analysis. Their adsorption of Hg(II) fits well with the Langmuir isotherm model and follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Under optimal conditions, the results of Hg(II) removal from real wastewater and polluted water by MGO NH-SH exhibited a higher adsorption capacity, reuse, and regeneration, and as well lower cost and greenhouse gas emissions compared to Fe3O4@SiO NH-SH. The findings of the present study highlight that MGO NH-SH as a promising adsorbent is more economically and environmentally friendly than Fe3O4@SiO NH-SH in the efficient removal of Hg(II) from real wastewater and polluted water.