Efficient Electrochemical Oxidation Research Articles

Efficient electrochemical oxidation of the biomass platform compound furfural on a Ni0.48Co0.36O0.16 electrode

Efficient electrochemical oxidation of the biomass platform compound furfural on a Ni0.48Co0.36O0.16 electrode

ZIF-8/balsa wood derived N-doped porous carbon as self-supporting electro-Fenton cathode for efficient antibiotics degradation

Efficient electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) based on carbon catalysts are highly promising candidates for green environmental remediation technologies. Wood derived N-doped porous carbon (WNPC) was prepared the balsa wood with in-situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was used as precursor. WNPC acted as self-supporting electric Fenton cathode with high yield and selectivity (96 %) of in-situ H2O2 generation, which effectively avoided the use binder for powder material. Owing to abundant N-doping and oxygen functional groups, the H2O2 yield of WNPC was three times that of balsa wood derived carbon (WC) in electro-Fenton system. The graphite-N promoted the electron transfer, while the pyridinic-N could enhance the selectivity of the 2e-ORR for H2O2 generation. Furthermore, the specific surface area of WNPC was 10 times of WC, with improved hydrophilicity and accelerated electron transfer. The removal efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) achieved 91 % within 120 min in electro-Fenton system with WNPC and Fe2+, which was much higher than that with WC (63 %). Free radical scavenging and electron paramagnetic resonance experiments confirmed that ·OH and O2–· were the main active substances for TC degradation in electro-Fenton system. In addition, WNPC has good stability, reusability, and comparable degradation performance of various organic pollutants, and also had efficient degradation performance with actual water. This research proposed a novel strategy to construct efficient electro-Fenton catalyst with wood as precursor, which provides an advancing electrocatalytic methods to achieve efficient and environmentally conscious water purification.

Electrocatalytic conversion of ω-azido carboxylic acids to 1-pyrrolines via a combined process of oxidative decarboxylation and intramolecular Schmidt rearrangement

An efficient electrochemical oxidation of ω-azido carboxylic acids followed by an intramolecular Schmidt reaction for synthesis of 1-pyrroline has been reported.

Bromine-mediated strategy endows efficient electrochemical oxidation of amine to nitrile.

Conventional methods for nitrile synthesis bring inherent environmental risks due to their reliance on oxidants and harsh reaction conditions. Meanwhile, direct electrooxidation of amines to nitriles suffers from low current density. In this study, we propose an innovative indirect electrooxidation strategy for nitrile formation, mediated by Br-/Br2, utilizing a highly efficient CoS2/CoS@Graphite Felt (GF) electrode. Notably, the anodic nitrile generation can be synergistically coupled with the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Through meticulous optimization of reaction parameters, we achieve an impressive 98% selectivity for octanenitrile at a current density of 60 mA cm-2 with a remarkable faradaic efficiency (FE) of 87%. Furthermore, our approach demonstrates excellent versatility, as we successfully evaluate both aliphatic and aromatic primary amines, highlighting its promising potential for practical applications in the field.

Rhombic dodecahedron nanoframes of PtIrCu with high-index faceted hyperbranched nanodendrites for efficient electrochemical ammonia oxidation via preferred NHx dimerization pathways

Ammonia has been emerging as a sustainable and environmentally friendly fuel. However, direct electrochemical ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) in low-temperature fuel cells seriously suffers from high overpotential and deficient durability. Herein, rhombic dodecahedron nanoframe of platinum iridium copper (PtIrCu) with high-index faceted hyperbranched nanodendrites (RDNF-HNDs) was developed using a one-step self-etching solvothermal method. The framework structure with the high-index facets enables the PtIrCu nanocrystals to expose more effective active sites. They exhibit an ultra-low onset potential of 0.33 V vs. RHE and high mass activity of 26.1 A gPtIr–1 at 0.50 V, which is 140 mV lower and 7.5 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C in the AOR. In situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy verifies that AOR on PtIrCu RDNF-HNDs prefers to the NHx dimerization pathways, effectively alleviating the poison of Nads and NOx. The theoretical calculation also shows that both introducing Cu atoms into PtIr alloy and increasing the content of Ir in PtIrCu alloy can reduce the reaction energy barrier of electrochemical dehydrogenation from *NH2 to *NH. The specific structure of PtIrCu RDNF-NDs provides a new inspiration to solve the critical issue of electrocatalysts for AOR with low activity and durability.

Cobalt hydroxide supported nickel nanoparticles for an efficient electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction

An efficient electrochemical urea oxidation reaction (UOR) could be used in energy production technology. Metallic nickel nano-particles (Ni NPs) are incorporated in cobalt hydroxide layered material to form Ni/Co(OH)2. The synthesized material is utilized as an electrocatalyst in UOR. It has been revealed that the incorporation of Ni NPs into cobalt hydroxide significantly enhances their electrocatalytic activity toward UOR. Ni/Co(OH)2 catalyzes UOR at a very low anodic potential of 1.15 V vs RHE with a peak current density of 14.2 mAcm−2 and Tafel slope of 75 mVdec−1. The current work is a step ahead towards use of transition metal hydroxide (TMH) as support in the electrocatalytic oxidation applications especially UOR.

Vanadium-Doped Ti4O7 Porous Transport Layers for Efficient Electrochemical Oxidation of Industrial Wastewater Contaminants

Inexpensive electrode materials and effective cell designs are needed to advance electrochemical technologies for the oxidative treatment of wastewater. Novel vanadium-doped Ti4O7 porous transport layers (PTLs) used in a compact wastewater electrolyzer are developed and characterized and their performance for the electrochemical oxidation of synthetic wastewater is evaluated. An original analytical model predicting performance with the apparent mass transfer coefficient and cell potential is developed. The influence of operating parameters such as volumetric flow, current density, and PTL composition on performance is investigated. Decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 100 mg L−1 of methyl orange (MO), an azo dye, in 1,500 mgNaCl L−1 is rapid with mass transfer coefficients as great as 377 ± 24 m s−1 for MO at 15 mA cm−2. After 2.5 Ah L−1 at 10 mA cm−2, >99 decolorization and >98% COD removal are achieved with a current efficiency of 19.2% and with specific and volumetric energy consumption of 120 and 84.1 kWh kg−1 for MO and COD, respectively, and 1.34 ± 0.09 and 6.45 ± 0.97 kWh m−3 order−1, respectively. A more energy-efficient electrochemical cell design for industrial wastewater treatment using less expensive high oxidation power (HOP) electrode materials is demonstrated with these results.

Assessing the electrochemical degradation of reactive orange 84 with Ti/IrO2–SnO2–Sb2O5 anode using electrochemical oxidation, electro-Fenton, and photoelectro-Fenton under UVA irradiation

Today, water shortage problems around the world have forced the search for new treatment alternatives, in this context, electrochemical oxidation technology is a hopeful process for wastewater treatment, although it is still needed exploration of new efficient and economically viable electrode materials. In this way, mixed metal oxide anodes look like promising alternatives but their preparation is still a significant point to study, searching for finding low-cost materials to improve electrocatalytic efficiencies. In an exploration of this kind of highly efficient materials, this work presents the results obtained using an MMO Ti/IrO2–SnO2–Sb2O5 anode. All the prepared anodes exhibited excellent physical and electrochemical properties. The electrochemical oxidation of 100 mL and 200 mg L−1 Reactive Orange 84 (RO 84) diazo dye was studied using 3 cm2 of such synthesized anodes by applying current densities of 25, 50, and 100 mA cm−2. Faster and more efficient electrochemical oxidation occurred at 100 mA cm−2 with 50 mM of Na2SO4 + 10 mM NaCl as supporting electrolyte at pH 3.0. The degradation and mineralization processes of the above solution were enhanced with the electro-Fenton process with 0.05 mM Fe2+ and upgraded using photoelectron-Fenton with UVA light. This process yielded 91% COD decay with a low energy consumption of 0.1137 kWh (g COD)−1 at 60 min. The evolution of a final carboxylic acid like oxalic was followed by HPLC analysis. The Ti/IrO2–SnO2–Sb2O5 is then an efficient and low-cost anode for the photoelectro-Fenton treatment of RO 84 in a chloride and sulfate media.

Enhancement effects of Fe-doped Ni3S2 on efficient electrochemical urea oxidation and mechanism insights

The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) can reduce the energy consumption of electrolytic for urea-assisted water splitting to produce hydrogen. Fe(EDTA)-Ni3S2 @NF electrode is prepared by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The addition of EDTA promotes more Fe atoms doping into Ni3S2. Fe doping regulated the morphology and electronic structure of Ni3S2, and the Fe(EDTA)-Ni3S2 @NF shows excellent UOR activity. The required UOR potentials on Fe(EDTA)-Ni3S2 @NF at 50 mA cm−2 is 1.363 V (vs. RHE). In addition, the kinetics experiments and DFT calculations of the electrode toward UOR are carried out. It is found that UOR reactions under high current density (760 mA cm−2) would be limited. The liquid product of NO2- were detected by ion chromatography for UOR on Fe(EDTA)-Ni3S2 @NF. The faradaic efficiency for the electrooxidation of CO2NH4 to NO2- is 38 %. These findings provide complementary insights for the UOR in water-energy nexus systems.

Highly Efficient Electrochemical Oxidation of Carbamazepine Using a Novel Graphene Nanoplatelet-doped PbO2 Electrode: Characteristics, Efficiency, and Mechanism

A novel graphene nanoplatelet (GN)-doped PbO2 electrode was fabricated and utilized to pulse electrochemical oxidize carbamazepine (CBZ) in aquesous solution. The GN-PbO2 electrode differed from a pure PbO2 electrode in that it exhibited higher surface roughness, smaller particle size, larger specific surface area, greater oxidation peak current, smaller charge transfer resistance, and higher oxygen evolution potential. After electrolysis for 90 min, 94.74% of CBZ and 45.15% of chemical oxygen demand could be removed at an initial pH of 3, pulsed frequency of 3000 Hz, current density of 20 mA cm−2, and pulsed duty cycle of 50%. Additionally, the primary electrochemical oxidation mechanism at the GN-PbO2 anode was indirect radical oxidation and the degradation pathway of CBZ in pulsed electrochemical oxidation was investigated and clarified considering the identified intermediate products and theoretical computations. The results demonstrate that pulsed electrochemical oxidation based on GN-PbO2 electrodes is a promising approach to increasing the viability of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment by electrochemical technologies.

Efficient Electrochemical Oxidation of Chloramphenicol by Novel Reduced TiO2 Nanotube Array Anodes: Kinetics, Reaction Parameters, Degradation Pathway and Biotoxicity Forecast.

The key component of electrochemical advanced oxidation technology are high-efficiency anodes, and highly efficient and simple-to-prepare materials have generated a lot of interest. In this study, novel self-supported Ti3+-doped titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (R-TNTs) anodes were successfully prepared by a two-step anodic oxidation and straightforward electrochemical reduction technique. The electrochemical reduction self-doping treatment produced more Ti3+ sites with stronger absorption in the UV-vis region, a band gap reduction from 2.86 to 2.48 ev, and a significant increase in electron transport rate. The electrochemical degradation effect of R-TNTs electrode on chloramphenicol (CAP) simulated wastewater was investigated. At pH = 5, current density of 8 mA cm-2, electrolyte concentration of 0.1 M sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), initial CAP concentration of 10 mg L-1, CAP degradation efficiency exceeded 95% after 40 min. In addition, molecular probe experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests revealed that the active species were mainly •OH and SO4-, among which •OH played a major role. The CAP degradation intermediates were discovered using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and three possible degradation mechanisms were postulated. In cycling experiments, the R-TNTs anode demonstrated good stability. The R-TNTs prepared in this paper were an anode electrocatalytic material with high catalytic activity and stability, which could provide a new approach for the preparation of electrochemical anode materials for difficult-to-degrade organic compounds.

Efficient Oxidation of Ethanol at Ru@Pt Core-Shell Catalysts in a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Cell

Efficient electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in fuel cells and electrolysis cells is important for generating power and hydrogen, respectively, from renewable resources. PtRu alloys are most widely employed as catalysts because they provide high activities at low potentials. However, they produce acetic acid as the main product from ethanol, which results in low faradaic and overall efficiencies. In contrast, Pt provides high selectivity for the complete oxidation of ethanol to CO2, but low activities. Ru@Pt core–shell nanoparticles can improve efficiency by delivering higher activity than Pt and enhanced formation of CO2 relative to PtRu. Here, Ru@Pt catalysts have been prepared by depositing Pt onto a commercial carbon-supported Ru catalyst. The influence of the amount of Pt deposited has been investigated in H2SO4(aq) at ambient temperature and in a proton exchange membrane cell at 80 °C. Activities for ethanol oxidation were intermediate between those for commercial Pt and PtRu catalysts, providing higher currents than Pt at low potentials, and higher currents than PtRu at high potentials. Faradaic yields of CO2 (38%–48%) were greatly increased relative to the PtRu alloy catalyst (11%). This will optimize the efficiency of ethanol oxidation in PEM electrolysis and fuel cells.

Efficient electrochemical oxidation of cephalosporin antibiotics by a highly active cerium doped PbO2 anode: Parameters optimization, kinetics and degradation pathways

Removing cephalosporin contaminants from aquatic environments is of great concern because of the hazards they pose to the environment and human health. In this study, a Ce-PbO2 anode with a SnO2-Sb intermediate layer was fabricated using an electrochemical deposition method and used for the electrocatalytic oxidation of cephalosporin antibiotics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the successful preparation of the Ce-PbO2 anode and revealed that Ce doping resulted in a highly stable structure and crystallinity of the PbO2 crystals. Moreover, the Ce-PbO2 anode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with higher oxygen evolution potential (1.56 V), larger electroactive surface area (1.104 C cm−2), smaller corrosion current density (1.796 × 10−4 A cm−2), and higher hydroxyl radical (•OH) yield (8.64 mM min−1 m−2) compared with the intermediate layer and PbO2 anode. The effects of major operating parameters, including current density (20–80 mA cm−2), electrolyte concentration (0.050–0.125 M), initial concentration of target compounds (5–75 mg L−1), and pH (2−10) on the removal efficiencies of cefradine (RAD), and cephalothin (CEP) at the Ce-PbO2 electrode were investigated. The research results illustrated that when electrolysis was carried out for 90 min at the optimal current density of 40 mA cm−2, an initial concentration of 50 mg L−1, and an electrolyte concentration of 0.10 M, the removal efficiency of RAD and CEP were higher than 99%. Additionally, the degradation process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of RAD and CEP was 60.6% and 68.2% after 240 min, respectively, under the optimal conditions. The energy consumption for RAD and CEP degradation was 1.74 and 3.04 kWh g−1 TOC, respectively. In addition, the Ce-PbO2 electrode exhibited good stability over nine consecutive cycles. Using UPLC-MS, the intermediate products of RAD and CEP were confirmed, and the degradation intermediates were completely oxidized to CO2, H2O, and inorganic ions (SO42-, NO3-). During electrolysis, the intermediate toxicity was studied using Escherichia coli growth inhibition tests, and the growth inhibition rate was calculated. Considering these results, the Ce-PbO2 anode could be utilized to treat wastewater containing cephalosporin antibiotics with high efficiency.

Self-Transformation Strategy Toward Vanadium Dioxide Cathode For Advanced Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

In the lithium-dominated era, rechargeable Zn batteries are emerging as a competitive alternative. However, the sluggish kinetics of ion diffusion and structural destruction of cathode materials have thus far hampered the realization of future large-scale energy storage. Herein, an in situ self-transformation approach is reported to electrochemically boost the activity of a high-temperature, argon-treated VO2 (AVO) microsphere foreffectiveZn ion storage. The presynthesized AVO with hierarchical structure and high crystallinity allows efficient electrochemical oxidation and water insertion to induce self-phase transformation into V2 O5 ·nH2 O within the first charging process, which leads to rich active sites and fast electrochemical kinetics. Using AVO cathode, an outstanding discharge capacity of 446 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 , high rate capability of 323 mAh g-1 at 10 A g-1 and excellent cycling stabilityfor 4000 cycles at 20 A g-1 with high capacity retention are demonstrated. Importantly, such zinc-ion batteries with phase self-transition can also perform well at high-loading, sub-zero temperature, or pouch cell conditions for practical application. This work not only paves a new route to design in situ self-transformation in energy storage devices, but also broadens the horizons of aqueous zinc-supplied cathodes.

Fabrication of a SnO2–Sb electrode with TiO2 nanotube array as the middle layer for efficient electrochemical oxidation of amaranth dye

Efficient, stable, and easily producible electrodes are useful for treating dye wastewater through electrochemical oxidation. In this study, an Sb-doped SnO2 electrode with TiO2 nanotubes as the middle layer (TiO2-NTs/SnO2–Sb) was prepared through an optimized electrodeposition process. Analyses of the coating morphology, crystal structure, chemical state, and electrochemical properties revealed that tightly packed TiO2 clusters provided a larger surface area and more contact points, which is conducive to reinforcing the binding of SnO2–Sb coatings. Compared with a Ti/SnO2–Sb electrode without a TiO2-NT interlayer, the catalytic activity and stability of the TiO2-NTs/SnO2–Sb electrode significantly improved (P < 0.05), as reflected by the 21.8% increase in the amaranth dye decolorization efficiency and 200% increase in the service life. The effects of current density, pH, electrolyte concentration, initial amaranth concentration, and the interaction between various combinations of parameters on the electrolysis performance were investigated. Based on response surface optimization, the maximum decolorization efficiency of the amaranth dye could reach 96.2% within 120 min under the following set of optimized parameter values: 50 mg L−1 amaranth concentration, 20 mA cm−2 current density, and 5.0 pH. A potential degradation mechanism of the amaranth dye was proposed based on the experimental results of a quenching test, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This study provides a more sustainable method for fabricating SnO2–Sb electrodes with TiO2-NT interlayers to treat refractory dye wastewater.

Two-Electron- and One-Electron-Transfer Pathways for TEMPO-Catalyzed Greener Electrochemical Dimerization of 3-Substituted-2-Oxindoles

Dimerized 3-substituted 2-oxindoles are essential building blocks for the total synthesis of alkaloids. Herein, three different types of 3-substituted-2-oxindoles were dimerized with a total of 41 examples employing TEMPO as a redox mediator and TEMPO+ as an in situ generated electrocatalyst using control potential electrolysis at an applied potential of only 0.8 V versus a Ag/Ag+ nonaqueous reference electrode. These reactions did not yield any product formation in the absence of TEMPO, keeping other experimental conditions the same. Two-electron- and one-electron-transfer pathways were operational depending on the oxidation potentials of 2-oxindoles. 3-Carboxylate-2-oxindoles having a lower oxidative energy barrier for a two-electron-transfer pathway followed a hydride-transfer mechanism to generate a carbocation, which thereafter reacted with the enol form of oxindole to produce dimerized 2-oxindoles. On the other hand, 3-alkyl-2-oxindoles and 3-alkylcarboxylate-2-oxindoles had significantly higher oxidative energy barrier compared to 3-carboxylate-2-oxindoles and followed the one-electron-transfer pathway to generate a radical species for dimerization. The two-electron transfer pathway was significantly faster compared to the one-electron transfer pathway, evident from reaction time (15 min vs 1 h 20 min or longer), which was due to a faster second-order rate constant for the two-electron transfer pathway (1.2 M–1 s–1) compared to the one-electron transfer pathway (0.29 M–1 s–1). Furthermore, four aspects of transforming greener electro-organic synthesis have been demonstrated. They are as follows: (a) electron-transfer rate measurement as an alternative method for synthesis optimization instead of lengthy product isolation, (b) prevention of electrode passivation employing electrocatalysis routes, (c) recovery of the electrolyte, and (d) mild reaction conditions employing control potential electrolysis. Finally, an efficient electrochemical oxidation strategy has been demonstrated for the total synthesis of a dimeric hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole alkaloids, (±)-chimonanthine (I) and (±)-folicanthine (II).

Highly efficient electrochemical oxidation of hexafluoropropylene oxide homologues at a boron-doped diamond anode

As substitutes for perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) homologues are still environmentally problematic for their issues in toxicity, bioaccumulation, and long-distance mobility, which urges efficient removal technologies and in-depth mechanistic studies. Herein, we present the systematic optimizations on the electrochemical oxidation of 100 mg L−1 HFPO dimer acid (HFPO-DA) at a boron-doped diamond anode (3.6 V, 100 mM Na2SO4, pH 7.0), which exhibits a powerful mineralization capacity over 97% within 210 min of operation and is highly tolerant to various environmental factors. Under the optimized conditions, the structure-reactivity relationship has been analyzed by comparing six kinds of PFASs, proving that the increasing numbers of ether bonds in the HFPO homologues favor their removal and defluorination processes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further indicate that the facile, water-assisted cleavage of the ether bonds in the HFPO homologues can significantly reduce the energy barriers and shorten the "-CF2" unzipping degradation cycles, which is different from the conventionally proposed mechanism for degrading PFASs. Our findings demonstrate the promising application of electrochemical oxidation in the efficient removal of PFAS substitutes and offer new mechanistic insights for designing environment-friendly F-based chemicals.

Hydroxyl radical assisted enzyme-free electrochemical detection and oxidation of cholesterol by a galvanically deposited layer-by-layer ZnO/WO3 thin film nanocomposite

A facile low-cost two-step galvanic technique is employed to deposit a lbl ZnO/WO3 thin film nanocomposite on FTO substrate for an efficient electrochemical oxidation of cholesterol to oxysterol and thereby sense it through ˙OH radical formation.

An efficient electrochemical oxidation of C(sp3)-H bond for the synthesis of arylketones

An efficient electrochemical oxidation of C-H (sp3) bond was developed with carbon rod as the anode and platinum counter electrode as well as the routine tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate as electrolyte in an undivided cell. Using water as both co-solvent and sole oxygen source, more than 20 examples of arylketones were facilely synthesized in good to excellent yields (up to 92%) in the air under the constant current of 6 mA without external oxidants, base or mediators. The possible electrochemical reaction mechanism was also proposed. And the key intermediate 2u of pharmaceutical dyclonine was highly efficiently prepared through applying this electrochemical method. This electrochemical driven oxidation reaction has the advantages of simple operation and mild reaction conditions, as will provide a sustainable approach for alkane oxidation to aldehyde or ketone. We envision that our method will be useful for applications in the future industrial production of fine organic chemicals.

Efficient electrochemical oxidation of COVID-19 treatment drugs favipiravir by a novel flow-through Ti/TiO2-NTA/Ti4O7 anode

In this study, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2-NTA) were used as an intermediate layer to provide effective electrocatalytic activity and stability for Ti/TiO2-NTA/Ti4O7 anode. Compared with Ti/Ti4O7 anode, Ti/TiO2-NTA/Ti4O7 anode exhibited higher oxygen evolution potential (2.40 V), larger active specific surface areas (1.81 m2 g−1), stronger radical generation capacity (64.42 μM), longer accelerated service life (56.0 h), and superior favipiravir removal ratio. The flow-through electrochemical reaction system was constructed by using the porous Ti/TiO2-NTA/Ti4O7 anode. The removal ratio, TOC removal ratio and mineralization current efficiency of favipiravir in the flow-by electrochemical system were significantly improved and the energy consumption was reduced compared with the conventional flow-by electrochemical system, verifying the superiority of the porous flow-through Ti/TiO2-NTA/Ti4O7 anode. The effects of operating parameters on the removal of favipiravir in the flow-through electrochemical reaction system were investigated. The degradation mechanisms of favipiravir are the synergetic effects of the free radical (·OH and SO4−·) and the direct electron transfer. Ti/TiO2-NTA/Ti4O7 anode displayed excellent stability in five consecutive cycles, exhibited significant removal ratio (87.7%) of favipiravir from actual wastewater, and remained efficient and versatile for a wide range of typical PPCPs pollutants. Therefore, Ti/TiO2-NTA/Ti4O7 is a promising porous anode material in the engineering application.