Efficiency Of Logistics System Research Articles

Stability And Risk Management of Global Supply Chains in Foreign Trade Economy

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the key role of global supply chain stability in the international trade economy and the core role of efficient risk management in this process. Driven by the wave of globalization, supply chains have become a key link connecting the economies of various countries. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current status of global supply chains and an in-depth exploration of the many factors affecting supply chain stability, including supplier reliability, logistics system efficiency, demand forecast accuracy, and inventory management effectiveness. It further delves into many aspects of supply chain risk management, including risk identification, assessment, mitigation and monitoring. Analyze and formulate contingency plans for emergencies as well as regular monitoring and evaluation strategies and measures to improve the effectiveness and value of risk management. Finally, this study emphasizes the importance of supply chain stability and efficient risk management in the global foreign trade economic system, and provides suggestions for future research directions and possible improvement strategies. This research has far-reaching significance for enhancing the transparency, resilience and sustainability of global supply chains, and is crucial to the stable development of the global economy.

Joint scheduling optimization model for yard cranes and AGVs considering running routes

The escalation in global consumer demand has prompted the continual expansion of container throughput, which drives container terminals to bolster their production capacities. Globally, ports worldwide have been adopting automated equipment and embracing digital operational environments to reinforce their logistics system efficiency and curtail transportation costs. Enhancement of the efficiency of container transportation at automated terminals depends on terminal loading and unloading operations. The efficiency of these operations directly hinges on the automated mechanical equipment deployed at terminals. Consequently, optimization of resource allocation and production scheduling of loading and unloading equipment at terminals has become an essential and effective approach. In this regard, automated yard cranes, which are responsible for rear-end handling, and automated guided vehicles (AGVs), which transport containers between the yard and the terminal quay, have been proven indispensable. This paper principally delves into the scheduling optimization of mechanical equipment in automated container terminal yards, with a unique focus on the coordinated scheduling optimization of yard cranes and AGVs while also accounting for AGV path planning. This research centers on the automated container terminal yard system and the challenge in yard crane scheduling. This work also establishes a grid-based terminal network model and validates the model and algorithm using practical examples. Optimal solutions are obtained for the joint scheduling of yard cranes and AGVs, accompanied by strategies on rational AGV path selection. The findings provide valuable references and theoretical underpinnings for operational scheduling and enhancement of the efficiency in container transport in automated container terminal yards. Furthermore, these results facilitate the overall improvement of production efficiency at automated terminals and the reduction of operational costs, thus carrying theoretical and practical significance.

Exploring Empty Truck Behavior Using One-Year Probe Vehicle Data

Examining empty truck behavior can be beneficial in developing an efficient and environmentally friendly logistics system. This study used probe vehicle data from April 2019 to March 2020 in Kyushu, Japan, to explore empty truck behavior. The results revealed a difference in the empty truck ratio across the day of the week, time of the day, and month and the trip distribution of empty and loaded trucks. A nonhierarchical cluster analysis was used to classify vehicles based on empty/loaded situations. These results can be potentially used to reduce the number of empty trucks and improve the efficiency of logistics systems.

The evolution of logistics paradigms: The role of the technological factor

Aim. To identify the key stages and features of the development of logistics paradigms, as well as to justify the place and role of technology in their evolution.Tasks. To determine the main reasons for evolutionary changes in the development of logistics at different stages of its history in the context of technological development; to identify general patterns and key stages in the development of logistics paradigms; to characterize the features of each paradigm, including principles, tools and logistics concepts.Methods. In this article, using general scientific methods, as well as systemic, comparative and historical approaches, the features of the development and change of logistic paradigms, taking into account the factors of their evolution, are revealed.Results. The stages of evolution of logistic paradigms are systematized. It is shown that the most important reasons and conditions that triggered the changes in logistic approaches were technological changes. The conclusion about combining analytical and informational logistic paradigms in the production paradigm, reflecting the possibility of using information technology for modeling logistic processes, has been substantiated. It has been proved that the current stage in the evolution of logistic paradigms is determined by the spread of so-called end-to-end technologies (big data, artificial intelligence, etc.) to the field of logistics, which defines a new logistic paradigm as digital. The results of the study can be used to develop new approaches and concepts in logistics, increase the efficiency of logistics processes and improve the quality of services provided to consumers.Conclusions. The main reasons for evolutionary changes in the development of logistics and the change of logistics paradigms are new economic challenges and technological development, which creates opportunities for improving the efficiency of logistics systems under new conditions. The change of each logistic paradigm is a natural process of evolution, which is associated primarily with the accumulation of knowledge and the development of new technologies that create new opportunities for improving the efficiency of logistic systems.

Trajectory Optimization for Drone Logistics Delivery via Attention-Based Pointer Network

Drone logistics delivery is a potential booster to redefine the logistics system efficiency, which has been a new special hot research field. Among that, how to optimize drone trajectory data and find optimal delivery path is a crucial problem. However, most existing studies fail to derive the feasible trajectory data due to underestimating drone energy consumption and delivery multi-variant constraints for air transportation. In this paper, we propose a novel self-driven learning procedure, named attention-based pointer network (A-Ptr-Net) model, which can solve drone delivery trajectory optimization problem. The generated A-Ptr-Net model coupled with attention mechanism is effective on adapting to the new drone trajectory data automatically, regardless of explicit distance matrix. We go into developing the convex function constraints related to drone nonlinear energy consumption, customer demand and service time windows, which is applied on A-Ptr-Net model for optimizing the drone logistics delivery. Numerical experiments indicate that the proposed method performs significantly better than classical heuristics for drone trajectory analysis and optimization.

Оптимізація витрат в логістичних системах

The article examines the problem of assessing the economic efficiency of logistics systems using simulation models and determines the likely conditions for the application of this method. The relevance and necessity of optimizing the management of logistics costs in the complex management system of production enterprises is highlighted. The set of logistics costs in the total cost of production enterprises of Ukraine and countries of the world is determined. The specifics of displaying logistics costs in the company's accounting system have been determined. The formation of logistics cost is inseparable from the functioning of the enterprise's logistics system. In the process of optimizing the company's activities, logistics costs are coordinated with operational costs. The determination and evaluation with the appropriate level of detail of all factors for optimizing logistics costs in production companies confirm the basic principles of finding reserves for reducing and optimizing logistics costs.

Application of Data Mining Algorithm in Agricultural Products Logistics Network Planning

The location of agricultural products center is related to the overall operation efficiency of logistics system and has a great impact on the follow-up agricultural products distribution route planning. The distribution route planning directly determines the total transportation cost and customer service quality of the whole logistics system. In this study, the problem of location path under the background of agricultural products logistics is studied, and an algorithm of agricultural products logistics network planning based on space-time constraints is proposed. An algorithm based on K-means is used to cluster the time-space double factors of customers. Minimize the total distribution cost under the constraints of meeting customer needs and minimizing time window deviation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance through Taguchi analysis and master-slave two-layer model analysis, and its algorithm has better convergence and sensitivity and can better reduce the total cost of distribution and the length of transportation path.

Logistics 4.0 toward circular economy in the agri-food sector

Technological development, automation, digitalization, networking, new forms of communication, etc. initiated a new industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0. It represents a new form of organization and control of the value chain in the product life cycle. It is a concept that is intensively changing production processes, but its effects are also visible in other areas of human activity, primarily trade, health, agriculture, logistics, etc. By applying the solutions and technologies of Industry 4.0 in the field of logistics, the concept of Logistics 4.0 was developed with the aim of achieving greater efficiency of logistics systems and processes. On the other hand Circular Economy is a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as long as possible, whose efficiency greatly depends on the logistics activities and processes. Having previous in mind, the subject of this paper is to rank the main interest areas of circular economy in terms of applying the industry 4.0 technologies for performing the logistics activities within the agri-food sector. The aim is to determine the area which has the greatest potential for further development and should thus be in focus of the future planning of industry 4.0 based logistics activities in the agri-food CE context. Since the circular economy is a systemic approach to economic development designed to benefit businesses, society, and the environment, this is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. For solving it a hybrid MCDM model combining the Analytical Hierarchy Proces (AHP) method for establishing the criteria weights, and the Comprehensive distance-Based RAnking (COBRA) method for the final ranking of the alternatives, is proposed. The results indicate that the most important CE interest areas are Reuse/Remanufacturing/Recycle, Supply Chain Management and Product Lifecycle Management.

MEASURING EFFICIENCY CHANGE IN TIME APPLYING MALMQUIST PRODUCTIVITY INDEX: A CASE OF DISTRIBUTION CENTRES IN SERBIA

In the last decade, more and more attention has been paid to the efficiency of logistics systems not only in the literature but also in practice. The reason is the huge savings that can be achieved. In a very dynamic market with environmental changes distribution centers have to realize their activities and processes in an efficient way. Distribution centers connect producers with other participants in the supply chain, including end-users. The main objective of this paper is to develop a DEA model for measuring distribution centers’ efficiency change in time. The paper investigates the impact of input and output variables selection on the resulting efficiency in the context of measuring the change in efficiency over time. The selection of variables on the one hand is a basic step in applying the DEA method. On the other hand, the number of basic and derived indicators that are monitored in real systems is increasing, while the percentage of those used in the decision-making process is decreasing (less than 20%). The developed model was tested on the example of a retail chain operating in Serbia. The main factors changing the efficiency have been identified, as well as the corresponding corrective actions. For measuring efficiency change in time Malmquist productivity index is used. The developed approach could help managers in the decision-making process and also represents a good basis for further research.

Methodological approach to evaluation of logistics system efficiency

The Armed Forces of Ukraine is currently undergoing reforms to maximize compatibility with the Armed Forces of NATO member countries. One of the components of the armed forces of any developed country is the logistics system. The logistics system is a complex and multilevel structure. Given the above, it is necessary to take into account differences in origin, units of measurement indicators for assessing the effectiveness of its operation. The logistics system is a complex, multilevel structure. In the course of the research, a methodical approach to the evaluation of the efficiency of the logistics system was developed, which is based on the integrated indicator of the evaluation of the efficiency of the logistics system. The proposed indicator allows assessing the effectiveness of the logistics system, with both the system as a whole and its individual elements (individual logistics subsystems). The development of an integrated indicator for assessing the efficiency of the logistics system. The essence of the integrated indicator is that it allows you to take into account the main indicators that affect the efficiency of the logistics system, which are different in origin, units, and content. It also allows you to take into account the indicators that arise in the operation of the logistics system. The formation of an integrated indicator for assessing the effectiveness of the logistics system is based on generalized indicators, which in turn are a set of partial indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the logistics system of the state defense forces. Based on the results of the analysis, the author identified the main imperfections of the logistics system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and substantiated the ways to improve the logistics system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

The Sultanate of Oman City Transportation in the Sharing Economy: Problems for Sustainable Development

This research analyzed the transportation issues in Oman towards the economic development sustainability of the country. The primary data used in this research by doing the activity of a questionnaire. The secondary data was collected through books, articles, online sites, and journals. The study resulted that the transportation improvement is effective to enhance the economic development in Oman. The improvements in the transportation sector are very effective for the provision of more employment to the people in Oman and enhance the logistics system efficiency. In addition, there will be the improvement in the production capacity of the companies in accordance with the increase in the transportation system and it leads the economic development of Oman. The adoption of train facilities is an asset for Oman to improve the transportation system effectiveness in the future for the economic growth development. Furthermore, the improvement in the sustainability is the best solution for the improvement of the transportation system sustainability in Oman. The strategy of enhancing the transportation activities will support Oman to enhance its economic development. The strategy of adopting the latest technological advancements is supportive for the transportation industry in Oman to overcome the challenges related to the technological advancements. The strategy of improving the infrastructure of Oman is most effective for the improvement of the transportation system in Oman.

Assessment of the Implementation of New Digital Technologies in Connection with the Level of Efficiency of Supply Chains in the Context of COVID-19

Introduction. In the extreme conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the vitality of supply chains has come to the fore, that is, their ability to self-support and survival in a changing environment through restructuring and rescheduling of productivity with long-term consequences. An effective information system and governance can help not only improve customer service and control costs but also facilitate planning to achieve key sustainability indicators such as environmental, economic, and social development. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of the widespread adoption of new digital technologies on the level of efficiency of supply chains in the face of disruption caused by the pandemic. Materials and Methods. For this study, statistical data were collected for the period from 2010 to 2019. Sources: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; The World Bank; Institute for Global Entrepreneurship and Development, etc. A logical-heuristic algorithm was used to form a system of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of information and communication technology and logistics. Results. It has been found that countries with a high level of economic development as evidenced by persistently high values of gross domestic product in the pre-crisis period show high indicators both in terms of the efficiency of logistics systems and in terms of digital transformation of the economy. At the same time, countries with low and below-average levels of economic development do not show high results in the context of logistics systems, but they also do not demonstrate a correlation between the level of economic development and the level of logistics efficiency and the level of digital life. Conclusion. Thus, the study has shown that the role of information and communication technology in improving the efficiency of supply chains becomes significant in favorable economic conditions in the country, and in times of crisis, the role of information and communication technology significantly increases and contributes to the restoration of supply chains and the survival of business in general.

Methods and models for creating a market 4PL operator based on a logistics division of a large industrial holding company

The study relevance is due to the low efficiency of logistics systems of industrial enterprises and a limited set of methods for managing operational logistics activities. The work touches upon the key aspects of the activities of company logistics departments, namely the management, motivational, operational, process and information functions. The models and tools presented in the study allow implementing a large-scale concept of changes that modifies the work methods, economics and status of logistics of a large industrial holding company. The developed concept is based on methods of finding a balance between logistics costs, services and risks of dependence on third-party logistics operators, as well as on a set of tools to reduce the share of logistics costs in the cost of finished products of industrial holding companies. A portfolio of projects aimed at introducing a matrix organizational and managerial structure of a logistics company, regulating core activities, normalization and planning of operating activities, introducing a KPI system and staff motivation is used in the study as the basic transformation tools. The issues of automation of a logistics company main processes and creation of a 4PL-operator on the basis of an existing logistics company of a large industrial holding company allowing achieving a significant economic effect and reducing the share of logistics costs in the cost of finished products are considered.

Ефективність діяльності логістичних систем

The article is aimed at determining external and internal factors influencing the efficiency of logistic systems. The article analyzes the current scientific approaches to determining the essence of the efficiency of logistics activities as one of the most important activities of logistic systems. The efficiency of the logistic system is influenced by many internal and external factors that have their own features for each system. The author generalizes the factors of external and internal influence on the efficiency of logistic systems, taking into account their features. On the basis of the methods existing in the economic literature for analyzing the efficiency of logistic systems, the article provides a sequence of an assessment of efficiency. A classification of internal factors of influence on the efficiency of logistic systems is proposed. Internal factors influencing the efficiency of the logistic system are grouped according to the following characteristics: managers, informational, financial, integral and functional. Identification and grouping of internal factors influencing the efficiency of logistic systems makes it possible to conduct a systematic analysis in various areas of their activities. Taking into account the integrated approach to determining the efficiency of logistic systems, a methodology for calculating their efficiency by the effectiveness of various subsystems is proposed. Determination of internal indicators of influence on the efficiency of logistic systems allows more efficient management of the logistic system, analyze all internal logistic processes and carry out systematic control over the results of logistic systems

The Role of ICT and Entrepreneurship in forming Sustainable Supply Chains: Before and After the Covid-19 Pandemic

Supply chain management is currently undergoing a significant digital transformation driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of digital technologies and entrepreneurship in improving the efficiency of supply chains in the pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. The paper considers GDP per capita as a value characterizing the degree of the country's well-being in the pre-crisis period; the LPI logistics efficiency index which determines the degree of development of the logistics environment in the country; the TIDL digital life index, which assesses the degree of development of the economy from the standpoint of digitalization; the GEI entrepreneurship index reflecting the degree of development of entrepreneurship in the country. A cluster analysis of countries by regression coefficients of the dependence of GDP per capita on the year is carried out. The result of the cluster analysis was the division of many countries into clusters, from which two economies were taken for further analysis. The work resulted in conclusions about a significant relationship between ICT and logistics efficiency, between the level of entrepreneurship and the efficiency of logistics in the pre-crisis period. It is shown that developed economies have high efficiency of logistics systems, high values ​​of the rating of digital life and the level of entrepreneurship, which cannot be argued for countries with a level of development starting from the middle and below. The main conclusion of the study is the fact that, firstly, the active introduction of ICT makes it possible to restore supply chains destroyed by the crisis, to increase their efficiency, and secondly, the development of entrepreneurial activity in the country gives a serious impetus to the efficiency of supply chains, as a result of which businesses get a chance not only to survive amid a pandemic, but also gain significant benefits. This work is constrained by the lack of post-crisis data, so there is a huge spectrum to complement the current research on the stability and resilience of supply chains during and after pandemics.

Food supply transport and logistics system organizations

The logistics system for agricultural products distribution in the current global economy is the main topic for discussion in society and in the scientific literature, and food security is closely linked to the concept of sustainable economic development. The article considers a number of factors influencing the efficiency of logistics systems for agricultural products distribution in the global economy and analyzes the problems that arise in the management of business processes in food supply chains. It is determined that in the agri-food chain the decisive factors for creating and maintaining competitive advantages are access to the best buyer at the appropriate level of quality, with the required shelf life and proper passage through the supply chain. In the context of globalization, the competitive advantages of logistics services, based only on price and consumer properties, lose their leading importance, and in the first place are flexibility, limited lead time, reliable and high-quality supplies, choice, and so on. The complexity of the organization of transport and logistics systems for the supply of perishable food products is due to, on the one hand, the participation of a large number of links in the chain, and, on the other hand, the features of perishable goods.

Tehnološka rešenja u Logistici 4.0

Technological development, automation, digitalization, networking, new forms of communication, etc. initiated a new industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0. It represents a new form of organization and control of the value chain in the product life cycle. By connecting and synergizing existing and new solutions and technologies of communication, data collection, exchange and analysis, production, process management, trade, etc. a new paradigm of human action, business and living has been created. A concept that is intensively changing production processes has emerged, but its effects are also visible in other areas of human activity, primarily trade, health, agriculture, logistics, etc. By applying the solutions and technologies of Industry 4.0 in the field of logistics, the concept of Logistics 4.0 was developed with the aim of achieving greater efficiency of logistics systems and processes. New technologies and solutions appear every day, but the backbone of the development of the Logistics 4.0 concept is comprised of several key technologies, such as: Internet of Things (IoT), Autonomous Vehicles (AV) and Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGV), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR), Big data, Data mining, Blockchain, Cloud Computing (CC), 3D printing, etc. The aim of this paper was to define and describe in detail the aforementioned technologies, as well as the possibilities of their application in the logistics systems and processes through a review of the relevant literature in this field. It can be concluded that logistics, as a multidisciplinary science, represents a fertile ground for the acceptance and further development of existing modern technologies, but also the initiator and incubator of new technologies that could easily go beyond logistics and become part of the family of Industry 4.0 solutions.

Research on Logistics Distribution Route Based on Multi-objective Sorting Genetic Algorithm

With the continuous development of society, the social division of labor is further improved, and social production tends to be highly specialized and industrialized. Moreover, enterprise production is increasingly internationalized, and sales are gradually expanding. Therefore, the multi-objective sequencing in logistics distribution is incorporated into the path optimization of the logistics system, and a multi-objective bi-level programming model of time and cost is established. What is more, considering the limitations of the traditional algorithm in solving multi-objective problems, the low-dimensional multi-objective problem is selected, and according to the actual situation, the inheritance strategy of genetic factors is adopted to solve the more targeted rapid dominating sorting genetic problem. Besides, the specific conditions and characteristics of the model determine the encoding method, which is brought into the operation of the cross-mutation law and the interruption of individual populations, so that the building foundation of the model is improved. Based on the further theoretical research on the distribution efficiency of logistics system, the corresponding mathematical model is constructed by using the planning method, and the single cost target is transformed into the time and cost double objective, and the improved fast non dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy is used to solve the problem, which has certain theoretical innovation. Through simulation, the optimal or near optimal path of distribution vehicles in a certain area is given, which has certain practicality and reference value for the optimization of actual logistics distribution path.

Methodological approaches to efficiency evaluation logistics system of pharmacy network

The paper reveals the important characteristics of methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of logistics systems. Peculiarities of functioning of logistics systems of pharmacy networks are characterized. Based on the acquaintance with the scientific works of the founders on this issue, approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the logistics system are systematized. A system of evaluation indicators for each component of the logistics system is proposed. The logistics system of the business entity, and this fully applies to the logistics system of pharmacy networks, is not in a permanent state. Dynamic changes in the system are due to the influence of macro-environmental factors and changes in the internal nature, which pose the task of developing the system to ensure its adequacy to new conditions. It is the development of the system is the basis for improving the efficiency of its operation and the ability to achieve goals through the solution of a certain range of tasks. In such conditions, the study of the development of the logistics system of the pharmacy network deserves special attention. Existing approaches to assessing the development of the logistics system do not exclude, but complement each other, creating a methodological basis for the formation of effective management decisions on logistics management of the business entity. As a result of research of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on a problem of a choice and formation of indicators of an estimation of efficiency of logistic systems, we proposed a system of evaluation indicators for each component of the logistics system. In this case, in our opinion, such a system should include not only indicators that characterize the efficiency of the functional components of the logistics system of the pharmacy network (supply, production, transportation, warehousing, sales), but also indicators of efficiency subsystems, namely organizational and management, infrastructure and resource subsystems. This system approach will allow to take into account the impact of all components of the logistics system of the pharmacy network on the efficiency of its operation.

Diagnosis of delivery vulnerability in a logistics system for logistics risk management

PurposeDelivery vulnerability is a critically important theme in logistics risk management. However, while logistics service providers often collect and retain massive amounts of logistics data, they seldom utilize such information to diagnose recurrent day-to-day logistics risks. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to investigate delivery vulnerabilities in a logistics system using its own accumulated data.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes pragmatic business analytics to derive insights on logistics risk management from operations data in a logistics system. Additionally, normal accident theory informs the discussion of its management implications.FindingsThis study’s analytical results reveal that a tightly coupled logistics system can align with normal accident theory. Specifically, the vulnerabilities of such a system comprise not only multi-components but also interactive ones.Research limitations/implicationsThe tailored business analytics comprise a research foundation for logistics risk management. Additionally, the important research implications of this study’s analytical results arrived at via such results’ integration with normal accident theory demonstrate the value of that theory to logistics risk management.Practical implicationsThe trade-offs between logistics risk and logistics-system efficiency should be carefully evaluated. Moreover, improvements to such systems’ internal resilience can help to alleviate potential logistics vulnerabilities.Originality/valueThis pioneering analytical study scrutinizes the critical vulnerability issues of a logistics service provider and therefore represents a valuable contribution to the field of logistics risk management. Moreover, it provides a guide to retrieving valuable insights from existing stockpiles of delivery-vulnerability data.