Efficiency Of Higher Education Institutions Research Articles

Quantitative Assessment of Factors of Improvement of Labor Efficiency in Higher Education Institutions

Quantitative Assessment of Factors of Improvement of Labor Efficiency in Higher Education Institutions

Colombian higher education institutions evaluation

Over the last twenty years, access to higher education has grown extraordinarily in Latin America. Higher education systems have been challenged to improve their efficiency while strengthening quality assurance processes. In Colombia, the government and the researchers developed models to assess the performance of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Nevertheless, the current scholarship does not have a model that allows the system to measure multiple efficiencies in a diverse environment. In this study, we address the challenge of evaluating the efficiency of HEIs taking into account different goals of the Colombian education system. To this aim, we extend a cross-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to evaluate the efficiency of Colombian HEIs in the presence of flexible measures. While some HEIs are efficient in terms of teaching or employment, others are efficient in terms of research. Therefore, the model suggests broader policies to achieve the efficiency of the institutions under multiple goals.

Measurement of financial efficiency and productivity of Turkish Public Universities by using non-parametric methods

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure the financial efficiency and productivity of 23 public universities founded in 1992 in Turkey over the period between 2004 and 2013. The results obtained will provide managerial information and act as a guide to public universities’ administrations, in using their resources more effectively. Design/methodology/approach Data envelopment analysis is applied to assess the relative financial efficiency of these universities, while Malmquist total factor productivity index is used to measure the total factor productivity change concerning financial inputs of the universities. Findings The number of financially efficient universities and the number of universities showing an increase in their productivity according to their financial inputs change annually and both of them display a rough trend over the years. A decrease of about 5 percent in the financial productivity of the universities is observed which stems from a technological recession. Therefore, public universities in Turkey are not able to develop effective policies to diversify, increase and use their financial resources. Originality/value When the lack of studies within the literature measuring the financial efficiency of higher education institutions is taken into account, this study can fill a gap in this area. The analyses conducted here distinguish from existing studies on this subject with regards to the extent and diversity of financial data set and the measurement of both efficiency and productivity change of universities considering financial inputs concurrently.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MULTICRITERIA DECISION-MAKING METHODS EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

Purpose – to find appropriate tools to measure the efficiency of the technology transfer process (TTP) in higher education institutions (HEIs). Scientific problem is a lack of methods measuring the efficiency of TTP. The objective – comparative analysis of efficiency evaluation methods. Research methodology – the research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of the research papers on the advantages and disadvantages of methods suitable to evaluate the efficiency of TTP. Findings – among some tools, FARE is highlighted for identifying the variables of TTP and assigning their weights, when TOPSIS – to rank the variables and identify the most important. MULTO-MOORA and COPRAS methods with ranking abilities are suitable to select the number of HEIs. DEA method is intended for the economic evaluation of TTP efficiency in HEIs. The social sciences are strengthened by suitable founded tools to measure the efficiency of TTP in HEIs. Research limitations – this paper is providing all advantages and disadvantages (limitations) of decision-making multicriteria methods. Practical implications – the original structure of methods enabling stakeholders (HEIs, TTOs and public authorities) for efficient allocation of an organisation’s financial resources, foresee the future goals for improving the efficiency of TTP. Originality/Value – the original framework of methods incorporated into the one model, enabling related stakeholders (HEIs, TTOs and public authorities) allocate financial resources efficiently.

The Determinants of Efficiency of Higher Education Institutions with Public Service Agency Status in Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to measure technical efficiency score of Higher Education Institutions (HEI’s) especially Public Service Agencies (PSA) in Indonesia during 2013-2015 and analyse its determinants i.e. non service revenue, Service cost and financial independence. The data were utilized in this research were indigenous secondary data of financial statement 32 PSA's universities, forlap dikti, BAN PT and PPK BLU's directorate report. This research utilized 2 stages, in the first phase was to measure technical efficiency zooms colleges which methods were non parametrik with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approaching VRS'S assumption and input oriented and the second phase used regression tobit's model. The results pointed out that the score of technical efficiency showed an increase in the period of 2013-2015. It means that there is an increase in the number of universities capable of optimizing the whole its resources (input) in producing output gradually towards efficient. Another result showed that the non service revenue, service cost and financial independence had positive affect to the technical efficiency.

How to measure research efficiency in higher education? Research grants vs. publication output

ABSTRACTAn ongoing debate in the literature on the efficiency of higher education institutions concerns the indicator for research output for use in empirical analysis. While several studies have chosen to use the number of publications as this indicator, others rely on the amount of research grants. The present study investigates whether both measures lead to a similar assessment of universities. In addition, the number of publications belonging to the 10% and 1% most frequently cited papers in the corresponding subject category and publication year are evaluated. We show that there is a high correlation of efficiency values between the estimations using these indicators. This correlation is slightly higher when the efficiency values result from a data envelopment analysis than when they are determined with a stochastic frontier analysis. The results of this study provide helpful guidelines for researchers evaluating the efficiency of universities and are valueable for decision-makers in science policy.

Evaluating the efficiency of higher education institutions in Tunisia

Due to the increase in students' number and the emergence of new activities, the efficiency of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Tunisia is receiving increasing attention in the academic as well as in the public discourse. In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to analyse the relative efficiency of 62 Tunisian HEIs for the academic year 2010-2011. The total number of HEIs was divided into two subsets - experimental group composed of 30 institutions and non-experimental group containing 32 - in order to minimise heterogeneity in the sample. The findings show that the technical and scale efficiency in the HEIs sample appear to be high on average. There were also small slacks in input utilisation. Also, more HEIs were operating at decreasing returns to scale, indicating a potential to downsize. DEA identifies the reference groups for inefficient institutions and indicates the direction of desirable productivity improvements. As such, the results obtained by DEA can serve as a benchmarking instrument for the leaders of the university system and contribute in more efficient allocation of scarce resources. Policy makers could distribute a share of budget according to institution performance and creating an atmosphere of competition in the Tunisian higher education system.

Evaluating the efficiency of higher education institutions in Tunisia

Due to the increase in students' number and the emergence of new activities, the efficiency of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Tunisia is receiving increasing attention in the academic as well as in the public discourse. In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to analyse the relative efficiency of 62 Tunisian HEIs for the academic year 2010-2011. The total number of HEIs was divided into two subsets - experimental group composed of 30 institutions and non-experimental group containing 32 - in order to minimise heterogeneity in the sample. The findings show that the technical and scale efficiency in the HEIs sample appear to be high on average. There were also small slacks in input utilisation. Also, more HEIs were operating at decreasing returns to scale, indicating a potential to downsize. DEA identifies the reference groups for inefficient institutions and indicates the direction of desirable productivity improvements. As such, the results obtained by DEA can serve as a benchmarking instrument for the leaders of the university system and contribute in more efficient allocation of scarce resources. Policy makers could distribute a share of budget according to institution performance and creating an atmosphere of competition in the Tunisian higher education system.

THE REFORM PROCESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN VIETNAM: PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY TRANSPARENCY

After more than three decades of implementing the Doi Moi policy, Vietnam’s higher education has achieved significant progress, in terms of policies of national reform and strategies of international cooperation. However, the role and position of higher education institutions in the world’s education market are still blurry. Although a number of researchers have highlighted a range of impediments to its development, realistic solutions have not been devised to help Vietnam accelerate its progress in education. The main objectives of this paper are to review reform in government policies pertaining to the development of the higher education sector, discuss the performance efficiency of higher education institutions using statistical analyses based on the findings from recent studies, and propose possible solutions for enhancing performance efficiency and accountability transparency of higher education institutions in the process of the comprehensive renovation of the Vietnamese higher education system

Conducting Energy Audit of Higher Education Institutions in Ukraine

The article deals with the issues of conducting energy audits of higher education institutions in Ukraine. The analysis of the feasibility of the macroeconomic approach to the organization of energy audits of the domestic institutions of higher education is conducted. Necessary of consideration of the results of energy audits in the development and substantiation of programs and projects for creasing energy savings are determined in the article. It is established that the procedure of energy auditing is to include the development of the energy passport of institutions in higher education, as well as outlined basic conditions for energy audits. The necessity of creation of single bases of energy audits of the domestic institutions for higher education to ensure equal access to co-financing projects to improve energy efficiency and transparency of the state support of energy savings is determined. The proposed studies on energy audit will facilitate the organization of a rational integrated diagnosis of fuel and energy resources and places of energy losses, with a view to more efficient use of them through the development and implementation of plans, programs and projects for improving the energy efficiency of higher education institutions. The results of the energy audit are necessary to substantiate the feasibility and assessment of the cost of realization of energy saving measures

How to Measure Research Efficiency in Higher Education? Research Grants vs. Publication Output

An ongoing debate in the literature on efficiency of higher education institutions concerns the indicator for research output in the empirical analysis. While several studies chose to use the number of publications, others rely on the overall amount of research grants. The present study investigates whether both lead to similar or different assessments of universities. Besides the amount of research grants and the absolute number of publications, the number of publications belonging to the 10% and 1% most frequently cited papers in the corresponding subject category and publication year are evaluated. We show that there is a high correlation of efficiency values between the estimations using these indicators; however, the concordance is partly lower. The results do not only provide a helpful guideline for researchers, but are also valuable for policy makers deciding which incentives to create through funding.

Эффективность деятельности вузов: от мониторинга и рейтингов к оценке интеллектуального капитала

Several kinds of stakeholders are interested in the results of universities evaluation, including the government, applicants, employers, business and academics. The existing evaluation tools, such as international and national ranking, as well as monitoring of the efficiency of higher education institutions (HEIs) conducted by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, do not take into account the specifics of universities, are not consistent with the goals and tasks of the higher education system and have a number of other significant shortcomings. The use of ranking and monitoring for decision-making in most cases leads to distortions. As a result, the question of improving the existing tools and searching for new approaches to assessing the activities of HEIs is growing in popularity. Measuring the value of intellectual capital of universities may be one of such approaches. The paper analyses the methodological basis for the assessment of universities, determines the need for a clear formulation of the object and the subject of the evaluation, as well as the objectives of the assessment through the prism of the customer’s aims, identification of the valuator and the evaluation tools used. It reveals the peculiarities and disadvantages of the assessment of universities’ activity through rankings and monitoring of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The article proves the idea of using the value of HEIs’ intellectual capital as one of their performance indicators.

An evaluation and explanation of (in)efficiency in higher education institutions in Europe and the U.S. with the application of two-stage semi-parametric DEA

In this study the technical efficiency of number of public European and American HEIs is assessed over a decade. Efficiency scores are determined using nonparametric DEA with different input-output sets and considering different frontiers: global frontier (all HEIs pooled together), regional frontier (Europe and the U.S. having their own frontiers) and country-specific ones. The external factors affecting the degree of HEI inefficiency are also investigated, e.g. institutional settings (size and department composition), location and funding structure. Specifically, the results indicate a positive association between both regional GDP per capita and number of departments and an institution’s efficiency (for both the European and U.S. samples). On average, older European HEIs are more efficient, but this is not confirmed for American ones. Finally, government funding seems to have a negative effect on the efficiency of universities in Europe, which again is not confirmed for the U.S. However, some country heterogeneity at the European level is found through intensive sensitivity analysis.

Una medición de la eficiencia interna en una universidad argentina usando el método de fronteras estocásticas

Studies of academic efficiency tend to focus on student performance, leaving aside the specific characteristics of the institutions where the students are enrolled. This paper proposes a methodology for evaluating efficiency in higher education institutions, which was applied at the National University of the South, in Argentina. After employing the Stochastic Frontier methodology, we concluded that the efficiency of the production units (university careers) is strongly determined by the students’ profiles and the surrounding conditions.

Lean Six Sigma leadership in higher education institutions

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate whether a Lean Six Sigma (LSS) leadership model could be effectively utilized to resolve efficiency and effective issues like rising costs, quality of education, graduation and retention rates encountered in higher education institutions (HEIs) in the modern era.Design/methodology/approachThe authors systematically reviewed the literature on key concepts of LSS and leadership in HEIs in to develop a theoretical model using an inductive theory-building approach in accordance with the exploratory nature of the study.FindingsThe results of the study proposed a conceptual LSS leadership framework, which provides a basis for testing of LSS leadership representations in HEIs. The results suggest that LSS leadership has advantages for HEI to overcome currents issues and challenges.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is a theoretical study based on the existing literature that identified characteristics that may be adopted in higher education. The proposed LSS leadership framework is based upon leadership, statistical thinking, continuous change and improvement. This model is based upon service and the concepts of adaptive, rather than technical work, of leaders in higher education.Practical implicationsThe proposed LSS leadership framework brings new aspects and perspectives of leadership in HEIs. LSS leadership model has its practical meaning in providing a fundamental base for HEIs to overcome challenges, fulfill missions, and sustain improvements.Social implicationsHEIs are a foundation for principles of democracy, equality and diversity. HEIs have been a path for citizens but HEIs are facing challenges that are reducing the ability of individuals to improve themselves. Leadership of HEI needs to incorporate new principles to adapt to a changing society.Originality/valueLSS project leaders have achieved improved bottom line results and customer satisfaction in a wide range of industries, but LSS application in the HEIs remains to be explored. This paper proposes an effective LSS leadership model, which can help improve the quality of education, reduce non-value added costs and enhance operational efficiency of HEIs.

The Efficiency of Russian Higher Education Institutions and Its Determinants

In Russia, resources available for higher education institutions (HEIs) have been reduced while the expectations of their results have grown. This raises questions about the efficiency of Russian HEIs and the factors influencing it. In this paper, estimations of the efficiency of Russian HEIs for the 2012/13-2014/15 academic years and its determinants are presented. Ratios of weighted outputs and weighted inputs constructed with data envelopment analysis (DEA) are used as the HEIs efficiency measure. Total financial resources of HEIs are used as the input and measures of education and research results are used as the outputs. For the analysis of changes in efficiency the Malmquist index is used. The relation between efficiency scores and the characteristics of HEIs are investigated using a Tobit regression. This research is based on data about 120 public HEIs collected from various sources. The results show that the potential for an increase in the efficiency still remains. An outward shift of the efficiency frontier, i.e. a technological improvement, was found. According to estimations, most institutions operate at decreasing returns to scale and reducing their size will increase their efficiency. However, the substantial growth of the number of HEIs with increasing returns to scale implies that the policy of resource consolidation could be a reasonable response to current challenges. A positive relationship between HEIs efficiency and the diversification of fields of study was revealed

ФАКТОРИ, ЩО ВПЛИВАЮТЬ НА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЗВО

The article considers the main factors influencing the formation of the level of efficiency of higher education institutions. By their nature, all factors, regardless of the object of study, are first divided into factors of internal and external environment. The factors of the internal environment, which are a set of variables within the functioning of the free economic zone and are a sphere of direct influence on the part of its management, are studied. It is proved that the factors of the internal environment can be divided into economic and social. The study found that environmental factors are beyond the control of the free economic zone, ie it is the whole set of factors that affect or may affect in some way on the free economic zone and its goals. Based on the analysis of statistical data, it is established that the current external environment does not contribute to their full development. The political, socio-cultural and economic factors of the external environment's influence on the activity of higher education institutions are highlighted. It is established that the main modern features of the development of domestic higher education are: reducing the number of educational institutions; changes in the quality of research and teaching staff; demographic processes of population reduction and students; growth in the number of unemployed with higher education; low level of financing of the industry both at the expense of budgetary funds, and at the expense of the population. It is proved that the factors of external and internal environment are taken into account when evaluating the evaluation of the effectiveness of higher education institutions. Methodical approaches to determining the quality and efficiency of free economic activity are outlined. Quality management models are proposed to increase the efficiency of the educational process.

The Efficiency of Higher Education Institutions as a Basis for Forming Competent Personnel for Region Economy

The Efficiency of Higher Education Institutions as a Basis for Forming Competent Personnel for Region Economy

Assessing the research efficiency of higher education institutions in Chile

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to assess the research efficiency of the Chilean higher education institutions (HEIs). As it has been argued in the literature, universities in Chile are far from being considered research-oriented institutions. Current governmental reforms have put pressures on the efficient use of public resources, especially, public expenditures in higher education. In response, the proposed data-driven approach can be used to inform educational managers and policy makers about research efficiency. Therefore, a better allocation of the scarce educational resources can be achieved.Design/methodology/approach– Data envelopment analysis is used to assess the research efficiency of a set of Chilean universities. Four models are proposed based on different parameters to cover various drivers of the research productivity.Findings– The paper provides evidence that only a few universities in Chile are efficient in regards to research. Moreover, interesting results in terms of the differences in efficiency between traditional universities and private universities were found. Universities with a mixed-funding structure (private traditional) are more efficient than both public and purely private universities. Additionally, universities that receive direct funds from the government are on average 3.3 times more efficient than private universities. According to the models, only one private university appeared at the top 10 based on the research efficiency ranking.Practical implications– Current pressures in the funding structures of the higher education system have led to an increased awareness in the utilization of resources. The results provided in this study are useful for guiding a better allocation of public resources and providing insights about efficient funding structures.Originality/value– An understanding of the current status of research efficiency and the identification of the best performers allows educational managers to improve their resource allocation processes.

The efficiency of higher education institutions in England revisited: comparing alternative measures

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has often been used to evaluate efficiency in the context of higher education institutions. Yet there are numerous alternative non-parametric measures of efficiency available. This paper compares efficiency scores obtained for institutions of higher education in England, 2013–2014, using three different methods: the original Charnes et al. method and two slacks-based methods (SBM-Min and SBM-Max) developed by Tone. The findings suggest that results are highly sensitive to methodology chosen. Hence caution is required in applying the results in any policy context.