Efficiency Of Budget Expenditures Research Articles

Efficiency of budget expenditures on housing and communal services in the Republic of North Ossetia ‒ Alania

Efficiency of budget expenditures on housing and communal services in the Republic of North Ossetia ‒ Alania

THEORETICAL ISSUES OF CLASSIFICATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF BUDGET EXPENDITURES

In the article, a study was conducted on the theoretical issues of classification and efficiency of budget expenditures. Researches of economists on the theoretical issues of classification and effectiveness of budget expenditures were studied, and finally a final conclusion was formed.

Efficiency of agricultural subsidies in Kazakhstan

Relevance. The efficiency of budget expenditures can be considered on the basis of achievement of a socially significant planned result. We have a question which result should be recognized as the target one. The efficiency of subsidies is embodied in the efficiency of the activity of producers in agriculture. In turn, the efficiency of producers' activity is expressed through factor productivity. The issue of correlation of subsidies with the dynamics of factor productivity needs more detailed elaboration, which determines the relevance of the work. The object of the research is the agricultural subsidy system. The subject of the research is the economic efficiency of agricultural subsidies in Kazakhstan.Methods. The author applies economic and statistical analysis to study the time series on the economic efficiency of subsidies in Kazakhstan. The survey uses comparative analysis to compare the economic efficiency of subsidizing agriculture in Kazakhstan and Russia. System analysis serves to determine the factors influencing the dynamics of the main indicators of agricultural development in Kazakhstan and Russia.Results. In order to assess the economic efficiency of agricultural subsidies, the study proposes to correlate subsidies with the dynamics of output, productivity of individual factors. The work reveals that subsidies do not create the conditions under which many agricultural producers would consciously move to innovative and environmentally friendly technologies.

Modern Approaches to the Management of State Programs in the Context of Increasing the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Budget Expenditures

The article is devoted to the analysis of the practice of applying in Russia the main method of implementing state policy - state programs. The relevance of the study of this method is predetermined by regular modifications of the mechanisms for the development, implementation and evaluation of programs, the next of which occurred in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 26, 2021 No. 786 “On the management system for state programs of the Russian Federation”. In order to achieve the strategic goals of Russia’s development, since 2017, a mechanism for transferring programs to the principles of project management has been piloted, which literally meant embedding federal and departmental projects into the structure of programs. The experimental regime has ended, since January 1, 2022, all state programs are being implemented according to the new rules. The purpose of the study is to analyze innovations in the principles and mechanisms of working with government programs and to identify additional measures to improve the effectiveness of programs. In the logic of the next stage of the reform of state programs, the article describes the new rules for the development of documents on state programs, the formation of a functional model for program management, and the new structure of the list of programs. In general, positively evaluating the reformatting of the program method, the author raises the question of the completeness of solving the problems of program effectiveness through these innovations. Based on the analysis of expert opinions, official reports of the Accounts Chamber of Russia on evaluating the effectiveness of state programs, the author identifies additional reasons for their low efficiency, including: the formal nature of control and monitoring; non-transparency of processes at the stage of implementation (implementation of measures); the formal nature of program effectiveness evaluation; inconsistency of actions of different levels of management and participants in the implementation phase. In conclusion, the author formulates proposals on measures that help minimize the impact of these factors.

Capital Expenditures of The Russian Regions’ Budgets: Regulatory Problems

Institutional approach to the discussion of public finance implies first of all the analysis of norms, regulating fiscal relations, their applications and their results. This paper analyses the problems of regulation of regional capital expenditures in Russia. Regional budgets’ capital expenditures are meant to ensure the renewal of the material basis of the economy and are one of the important factors of economic growth. An increase in the share of the investments in fixed assets is a condition for an overall increase in the efficiency of budget expenditures in terms of their multiplicative impact on the economy of the relevant territory. Meanwhile, in 2015–2019, the share of capital expenditures in the country’s regional budgets has decreased from more than 14% in 2015 to about 12% in 2018–2019; their share in the country's GDP has also decreased. The alarming downward trend in the share of capital expenditures in the total public subnational expenditures deserves close attention. The spatial distribution of regional budget investments is also uneven, dominated by a relatively small number of regions. Trying to explain the low investment activity of regional budgets, we have to state that the reason is not so much the lack of resources or low revenues. In the vast majority of cases, Russian regions neglect the possibilities of attracting debt financing, which is justified precisely for the purpose of financing budget investments. The revisal of regulatory norms, first of all the separation of the current and capital budgets, and therefore the differentiation of the current deficit and capital deficit along with the possibility of financing capital expenditures in whole or in part through borrowing, would allow to plan capital investments and borrowings in a coherent way, allowing to make maximum use of available financing opportunities to expand budgetary investments.

PRINCIPLE OF TRANSPARENCY OF THE BUDGET OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The article explains the essence and significance of the Budget Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan put into effect, aimed at improving the efficiency of budget expenditures. There are issues of budget legislation orderliness, permission receiving simplification, improvement of planning and reporting, increasing of public fund efficiency and resulting considered.

Фінансові ризики бюджетної безпеки та їх державне регулювання

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the features of financial risks of the budget component of financial security of Ukraine on the example of the analysis of expenditures for individual security-forming sectors. Research methods. A monographic method was used to review scientific publications of researchers and the regulatory framework on budget security, empirical, systemic and comparative analyzes and synthesis for monitoring indicators and sub-indices of financial and budget security, a graphical method to reflect the dynamics of the studied indicators, a statistical method to identify the integration of risks, abstract logical for theoretical generalizations and conclusions. Research results. Financial risks for the sphere of budget security are classified. The dynamics of the integrated index of economic security and subindex of financial security, and in its structure, budgetary security is analyzed; operational budget expenditures and expenditures on the food and national security sectors. The directions based on which the types of budget security are regulated are determined: focus on achieving the strategic goal; the need to guarantee the priority of budget expenditures for specific industries in the context of political, economic, artificial and global crises; for economic sectors - compliance with the balance of the industry's contribution to GDP and the share of its funding from the State Budget. Scientific novelty. The definition of financial risks of budget security as threats to organizational, regulatory, and administrative measures for the formation of state budget revenues and expenditures has been further developed. The analysis of financial security sub-indices for the current period is in-depth. The connection between financial and budgetary security has been established. The dependences of the dynamics and efficiency of budget expenditures on individual security-forming industries are studied. Methodological support of budget security analysis processes and approaches to the effectiveness of state regulation has been improved. Practical significance. Improvement of the grouping of financial risks, methodical approaches to the definition of directions of the state regulation of decrease in the level of financial risks in the field of budgetary safety is offered. Some conclusions of the study can be used to form the Strategy for the development of security-forming industries. Tabl.: 7. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 31.

Effectiveness of budget expenditures in context budgetary regulation of public development

Relevance of the research topic. Modern public financial management systems need to increase the level of effectiveness of the use of budget funds in addressing the strategic priorities of the country's development in various spheres of public relations. The issues of assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of the formation and use of budget expenditures in the development and implementation of budget policy, the integration of the assessment of budget effectiveness in the budget process are becoming important. Formulation of the problem. Given the need to implement an effective budget policy of socio-economic growth, the task of assessing the effectiveness and socio-economic efficiency of budget expenditures at all stages of the budget process in terms of application of program-targeted method of budget resources management. It is also important to optimize the distribution and use of budget resources between budget programs, budget managers, taking into account the criteria of priority, to obtain specific public significant results. Analysis of recent research and publications. The work of foreign and domestic scientists K. Weiss, E. Vedung, A. Premchand, V. Tanzi, L. Vasyutinska I. Zapatrina, N. Kornienko, V. Fedosov, I. Chugunov and others is devoted to the issue of assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of budget funds. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Research on the effectiveness of budget expenditures in budget management is updated due to the need to effectively and efficiently address the priorities of the country in various spheres of public relations, the use of budget expenditures as a tool for regulating socio-economic processes in the country. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The objectives of the study are: to reveal the essence of the effectiveness of budget expenditures, the peculiarities of its evaluation in the system of program-target method of budget resources management; development of approaches to assessing the effectiveness and socio-economic efficiency of budget expenditures, budget programs and budget activities of public administration. The purpose of the study is to reveal and improve the theoretical and methodological provisions for assessing the effectiveness of budget expenditures in the context of budgetary regulation of public development. Method or methodology for conducting research. The article uses a set of research methods: dialectical, systemic and structural methods, comparative and factor analysis, methods of scientific abstraction, analysis, synthesis and others. Basic material presentation (results of work). The essence of the effectiveness of budget expenditures and the peculiarities of its evaluation in the system of program-target method of budget resources management are revealed. Approaches to assessing the effectiveness and socio-economic efficiency of budget expenditures, budget programs, budget managers, as well as its integration into the budget process have been developed. The field of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the development and implementation of public policy in the field of budget expenditures, reforming the public financial management system. Conclusions according to the article. The effectiveness of budget expenditures occupies a central place in the program-target model of budget resources management, which involves the implementation of processes of planning, implementation and control over the expenditure of the budget depending on the assessment of the expected and achieved level of effectiveness of budget programs. Evaluation of planned and actual effectiveness of budget expenditures, expected and achieved socio-economic efficiency of budget expenditures should be carried out at all stages of the budget process at the level of budget programs, the main managers of budget funds, their groups and the branch as a whole.

Problems and ways to improve the efficiency of budget expenditures in the social sphere

The problems of managing state and municipal expenditures in financing social sectors, the shortcomings in the implementation of state programs are shown, tools for improving the efficiency of budget expenditures are analyzed. Organizational and legal measures are proposed to eliminate the problems shown and specific measures are recommended to increase the efficiency of budget expenditures.

Sustainability and economic security of territorial development in St. Petersburg

The research is devoted to improvement of the methodological tool for assessing the sustainability of the socio-economic territorial development in megalopolis based on the analysis of local budget expenditures for the development of social infrastructure and security. The purpose of the research is to determine the compliance of financial capabilities of the territory and the needs of the residents to for comfortable and safe urban environment. The paper uses methods for normalizing indicators by reducing the size scale to the dimensionless scale, comparative studies, and the results of sociological surveys. The author has calculated the coefficients of budget stability and security index for the St. Petersburg’ districts, and established the nature of the relationship between the factorial indicator of tax revenues and local budget expenditures to ensure the quality of life for residents. The proposed approach allows us to assess the efficiency of budget expenditures and compare the results of statistical data and sociological surveys on the level of development of social infrastructure and security in the metropolis. The results can be used to assess the effectiveness of local budget expenditures and programs for the sustainable development of St. Petersburg.

Program targeted management of budgetary resources in the mechanism of public development

Relevance of the research topic. The development of public relations requires an increase in the effectiveness of budgetary resource management in solving the priority tasks of the country's socio-economic development and obtaining the maximum socially beneficial effect from the use of budgetary funds. Issues of strategic program targeted management of budgetary resources in the mechanism of social development, evaluation of the effectiveness of budgetary expenditures, the introduction of medium-term budget planning are becoming of current importance. Formulation of the problem. The issue of ensuring rational formation, optimal distribution and efficient and effective use of budgetary resources to meet the needs of society require a deepening study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the program targeted management of budget expenditures in the system of state strategic planning, evaluation of the effectiveness and socio-economic efficiency of budget expenditures and budget activities, medium-term budget planning taking into account the criteria for priority and budget effectiveness. Analysis of recent research and publications. The issues of program targeted management of budgetary resources are devoted to the works of foreign and domestic scientists C. Weiss, E. Vedung, A. Premchand, V. Tanzi, L. Vasyutinskaya, I. Zapatrina, N. Kornienko, L. Lysyak, Y. Ostryshchenko, V. Fedosov, I. Chugunov and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The study of program targeted management of budgetary resources in the mechanism of social development is actualized due to the need to effectively address the strategic priorities of the country's development in various spheres of public relations, the use of budget expenditures as an effective tool for regulating economic and socio-demographic processes in the country. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The task of the study is to reveal the features of the effective functioning of the program targeted management of budgetary expenditures in the system of state strategic planning and forecasting to rationalize the distribution and use of budgetary resources in order to achieve priorities of the budget and socio-economic policy of the state. The purpose of the study is to reveal and improve the theoretical and methodological basics of the program targeted method of managing budgetary resources in the mechanism of public development. Method or methodology for conducting research. The article uses a set of scientific methods and approaches, including dialectical, systemic and structural methods, comparative and factor analysis, methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The essence of the program targeted method of managing budget resources and the peculiarities of its functioning in the mechanism of public development are revealed; improved provisions for long-term forecasting and medium-term program targeted planning of budget expenditures in the system of state strategic planning and forecasting; developed approaches to assessing the effectiveness and socio-economic efficiency of budget expenditures and budget activities. The field of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the process of formation and implementation of state policy in the field of budget expenditures. Conclusions according to the article. Strategic program targeted management of budgetary resources provides for long-term forecasting of budget expenditures within the framework of the country's socio-economic development strategy, budget strategy, sectoral strategic plans, as well as medium-term program targeted planning of budget expenditures within the framework of a long-term budget expenditures forecast, taking into account the criteria for prioritizing public development and budget effectiveness. A systematic assessment of the effectiveness and socio-economic efficiency of budget expenditures allows you to create an integrated closed-loop budget expenditure management system aimed at ensuring dynamic optimization of the allocation and use of budgetary resources based on the criteria of the expected and achieved level of budgetary expenditures effectiveness in order to minimize budget losses and maximize budget results for all stages of the budget process.

Development Model for Program-Target Budgeting in Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation

Over the past few years, the introduction of program-target method, that could improve the efficiency of planning public expenditures, has been the priority of the budget policy of the Russian Federation. The aim of this paper is to construct a model for the development of program-target budgeting. As the result of the study the development model for program-target budgeting in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was constructed. Financial, organizational, methodological and regulatory factors were taken into account in the process of model construction. The application of this model will contribute to the growth of program-target budgeting viability and will increase the efficiency of budget expenditures.

EFFICIENCY OF LOCAL BUDGET EXPENDITURES: CONTROL MECHANISM IN SCOTLAND AND LESSONS FOR UKRAINE

Introduction. The system, wich is designed to ensure the rational use of budget funds, functions in Ukraine imperfectly. It is important to scan the experience of foreign countries and introduce the best experience in domestic practice. Purpose is to formulate the scientific approaches to integrated assessment of the efficiency of local budget expenditures, considering foreign experience. Results. The mechanism for ensuring the efficient use of budgetary funds in Scotland is built in the modern period of history, considering current challenges, opportunities for implementation and the results of relevant scientific research. Implementation of measures to increase the efficiency of budget expenditures took place as a reaction to a high level of distrust of the government and its activities. The main measures aimed at controlling the effectiveness of budget expenditures are based on four basic provisions: the validity of budget revenues and expenditures, their balance; priority of budget expenditures; the value and quality of public services; organization of the budget process, namely the integration of planning of management and financial activities. The main findings of the study of the experience of financial control in Scotland are as follows: the complexity of financial control over the efficiency of budget expenditures, the integration into the system of tools for reforming the budget process, developed methods for evaluating the efficiency of local budget expenditures are universal for different entities of control. Based on the experience of ensuring the efficiency of budgetary expenditures in Scotland, it is substantiated that the efficiency of budget expenditures is not appropriate to be determined by a specific indicator, but it is appropriate to comprehensively assess the compliance of expenditures with a number of criteria. The most important of them should be four criteria: observance of democratic procedures for planning and implementation of the local budget; assessment of compliance of budget expenditures with public priorities; analysis of budget programs implementation and achievement of planned targets; exploration of the value of services. The research-based criteria for assessing the effectiveness of local budgets are important not only for the development of the concept of building a control system, but also have an applied value. The methodological approaches formulated in research were applied in the research both of the local budget and of a separate line of expenditures. Conclusions. The experience of the organization of financial control of the efficiency of budgetary expenditures in Scotland indicates a number of its positive qualities, which make it possible to realize the main purpose of government policy - to increase the level of public confidence in the government. Methodological approaches to the organization of monitoring the effectiveness, are formulated on the basis of Scottish experience. The developed approaches can be applied not only in scientific researches, but also they are suitable for application. Ulterior scientific research may focus on formalizing the methodology for analyzing the efficiency of local budget expenditures. This will enable, in particular, to substantially expand the applied component of methodological approaches and facilitate their application in practice, which is important given the continued growing topicality of the effective management of local budgets in terms of expanding their resources and critical assessment of the society's effectiveness of their use.

THE ROLE OF FISCAL POLICY IN THE SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF INVESTING ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE

This paper highlights the evolution of approaches to fiscal policy formulation and suggests the appropriate measures on how to provide qualitative changes in the fiscal management of investment activities in Ukraine. The author provides practical proposals on how to create the fiscal space for investments in Ukraine which is aimed to restore the innovation investment model of national economy and to increase the efficiency of budget expenditures.