Efficacy Of Vitamin D3 Supplementation Research Articles

A study of safety and efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in pregnancy

Background: Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble prohormone that is vital for the maintenance of bone and muscle health. Vitamin D deficiency is an unrecognized epidemic, common in all age groups and is associated with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, early labour and pregnancy loss. Methods: Our study was conducted in Batra hospital and medical research centre, New Delhi from October 2018 to May2019. 126 women were taken, of those seen before 20 weeks of pregnancy who received vitamin D3 supplementation comprised of study group and control group were those who came directly for delivery and without vitamin D3 level done. The outcomes measured were vitamin D3 level at 20 weeks, at delivery, in cord blood and clinical outcomes like pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery. Results: Gestational hypertension was seen in 4 (6.3%) of subjects while in control group it was seen in 11 (17.5%), Gestational diabetes was seen in 3 (4.8%) women while it was observed in 10 (15.9%) women of control group. Premature rupture of membranes was seen in 2 (3.2%) women in study group and 8 (12.7%) women of control group. Vitamin D level at the time of delivery in study group was significantly higher than control group (56.84±15.78 versus 18.12±8.97ng/ml). Conclusions: Preterm labor, low birth weight and preeclampsia were uncommon in the subjects and the administered vitamin D3 dose had no adverse effects but more research with larger sample size is strongly urged to assess the safety and effect of vitamin D3 supplementation.

Safety and efficacy of Vitamin D3 supplementation with Imatinib in Chronic Phase- Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: an Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial

ObjectivesThe study aimed to compare early molecular response (EMR) rates at 3 months of imatinib therapy with and without vitamin D3 supplementation in patients newly diagnosed with chronic-phase chronic myeloid...

Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU

Vitamin D as an immunomodulator has not been studied in patients with severe COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). A single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted (N = 110). Patients were randomly assigned to receive a weekly oral dose of 60,000 IU of vitamin D3 followed by daily maintenance doses of 5000 IU (n = 55) or placebo (n = 55). Primary outcomes were lymphocyte counts, natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cell counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and serum levels of inflammatory markers on 7th day of treatment. On day 7, patients in the vitamin D3 group displayed significantly higher NK and NKT cell counts and NLR than those in the placebo group did. The mortality rate (37% vs 50%, P = 0.16), need for mechanical ventilation (63% vs 69%, P = 0.58), incidence of nosocomial infection (60% vs 41%, P = 0.05) did not significantly differ between groups. Vitamin D3 supplementation, compared with placebo, significantly increased lymphocyte counts, but did not translate into reduced mortality in ICU.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05092698.

Comparative effect of vitamin D3 and carbenoxolone treatments in metabolic syndrome rats.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hyperglyemia. MetS is found to be a positive predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The present study was planned to test the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation as compared with cortisol inhibition on MetS parameters. Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: control, untreated MetS, and MetS treated with either vitamin D3 (10 µg/kg) or carbenoxolone (50 mg/kg). MetS was induced by combination of high-fat diet and oral fructose. After the induction period (8 weeks), MetS was confirmed, and treatment modalities started for a further 4 weeks. Compared with untreated MetS, vitamin D3- and carbenoxolone-treated rats showed significant reduction in blood pressure, body mass index, Lee index, waist circumference, retroperitoneal fat, and improvement of dyslipidemia. Meanwhile, treatment with carbenoxolone significantly lowered the elevated liver enzymes, and vitamin D3 resulted in improved insulin sensitivity, enhanced glucose uptake by muscles, and replenished glycogen content in the liver and muscles near control levels. In conclusion, although treatment with vitamin D3 or carbenoxolone reduced the risk factors associated with MetS, vitamin D3 was effective in ameliorating insulin resistance which is the hallmark of MetS.

The impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on the course of acute obstructive bronchitis in young children

Background. Acute obstructive bronchitis (AOB) ranks second among the respiratory diseases in children. In recent years, the results of clinical studies demonstrate a correlation between the low level of vitamin D (VD) and the risk of recurrent respiratory infections in adults and children. At the same time, the impact of VD insufficiency/deficiency and timely compensation of these changes on the frequency and severity of broncho-obstructive syndrome (BOS) in young children remains poorly understood. Thus, the purpose of the research was to study the features of VD level in young children with recurrent BOS and the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on incidence and severity of the disease. Materials and methods. We examined 120 children with acute obstructive bronchitis. Group I included 60 patients with episodic BOS (up to 3 episodes per year), group II consisted of 60 children with recurrent BOS (3 or more episodes per year). The control group represented 30 healthy children of the corresponding age. We evaluated the severity of BOS and determined the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) using an electrochemiluminescence method. Subsequently, the group of children with recurrent BOS was divided into two subgroups: IIa subgroup included 30 children who received vitamin D3 1000 IU daily throughout the year, IIb included 30 patients who were not supplemented with VD. The effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation was determined by the changes in the blood level of 25(OH)D, frequency and severity of BOS episodes. We used non-parametric methods for statistical analysis of data. For all types of analysis, the critical value of the significance level (p) was taken to be < 0.05. Results. The analysis of the clinical features of BOS episode showed that in the group of children with recurrent BOS compared to patients with episodic BOS the disease was characterized by a more severe course (23.3 % vs. 10.0 %, respectively; p = 0.034). We found that the mean VD level in children with recurrent BOS was 13.68 (7.96; 19.51) ng/ml and in children with episodic BOS 33.0 (28.19, 41.97) ng/ml (p < 0.001). The VD supplementation in the group with recurrent BOS was significantly lower than in children who were ill episodically (5 % vs. 60 %; p < 0.001). We showed that the risk of severe episode (OR = 3.06; 95% CI: 1.19–7.84; p = 0.019) and recurrent BOS (OR = 4.35; 95% CI: 2.75–6.86; p < 0.001) is higher in case of 25(OH)D level in serum less than 20 ng/ml. According to our data, VD supplementation in children for one year improves VD level (25.11 (12.14, 42.47) ng/ml vs. 14.48 (10.58, 23.47) ng/ml; p = 0.012) and reduces frequency of BOS episodes (1.0 (0.0; 2.0) in IIa subgroup vs. 2.0 (1.0; 3.0) in IIb subgroup; p < 0.001). On the background of vitamin D3 intake the severe course of BOS was not noticed, unlike the patients who did not receive it (0 % vs. 20 %, respectively; p = 0.031). Conclusions. VD deficiency occurs in 75 % of children with recurrent BOS. Moreover, the serum level of 25(OH)D below 20 ng/ml is associated with an increased risk of recurrent and severe episodes of BOS. Thus, supplementation with vitamin D3 1000 IU per day helps to increase the content of 25(OH)D in serum, to reduce the frequency and severity of BOS.

Effect of monthly vitamin D on diverticular disease hospitalization: Post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Some studies have linked low vitamin D status and high risk of diverticular disease, but the causal relationship between vitamin D and diverticular disease remains unclear; clinical trial data are warranted. The objective was to assess the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on diverticular disease hospitalization. Post-hoc analysis of a community-based randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (RCT) with 5108 participants randomized to receive monthly 100,000 IU vitamin D (n=2558) or identical placebo (n=2550). The outcome was time to first diverticular disease hospitalization from randomization to the end of intervention (July 2015), including a prespecified subgroup analysis in participants with baseline deseasonalized 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels < 50nmol/L. Over a median of 3.3 years follow-up, 74 participants had diverticular disease hospitalization. There was no difference in the risk of diverticular disease hospitalization between vitamin D supplementation (35/2558=1.4%) and placebo (39/2550=1.5%) groups (adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.90; p=0.65), although in participants with deseasonalized 25(OH)D<50nmol/L (n=1272), the risk was significantly lower in the vitamin D group than placebo (HR=0.08, p=0.02). Monthly 100,000 IU vitamin D3 does not reduce the risk of diverticular disease hospitalization in the general population. Further RCTs are required to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the diverticular disease in participants with low 25(OH)D levels.

Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation for the prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis and mortality in HIV: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Observational data suggest that low vitamin D status is associated with an increased incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and mortality among people living with HIV. The primary aims of this study were to assess the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the risk of mortality and incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). This was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation among adults living with HIV who initiated ART and had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of less than 30 ng/mL at four large HIV care and treatment centres in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Patients were excluded if they were younger than 18 years, pregnant at the time of randomisation, or were enrolled in any other clinical trial. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either weekly oral 50 000 IU vitamin D3 supplements (cholecalciferol) for the first month of ART followed by daily 2000 IU vitamin D3 supplements or a matching weekly and daily placebo regimen. The randomisation list was computer-generated by a non-study statistician with sequence blocks of ten that were stratified by study clinic. Complete allocation concealment was ensured and patients, field team, and investigators were masked to group assignment. The trial follow-up duration was 1 year and the primary efficacy outcomes were death and incident pulmonary tuberculosis. An intention-to-treat analysis was followed for all-cause mortality; participants diagnosed with or receiving treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis at randomisation, or suspected to have tuberculosis at randomisation and who later had that diagnosis confirmed, were excluded from analyses of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. Safety was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01798680, and is completed. Between Feb 24, 2014, and Feb 24, 2017, 6250 adults initiating ART had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D screening, 4000 of whom were enrolled in the trial and followed up for 1 year (follow-up of all participants was completed on March 7, 2018). 2001 patients were randomly assigned to the vitamin D3 supplementation group, and 1999 to the placebo group. 415 deaths were recorded: 211 in the vitamin D3 group and 204 in the placebo group. Among all randomly assigned participants, there was no overall effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1·04, 95% CI 0·85-1·25; p=0·73). There was also no difference in the overall incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis between the vitamin D3 (50 events in 1812 patients analysed) and placebo groups (64 events in 1827 patients; HR 0·78, 0·54-1·13; p=0·19). The vitamin D3 regimen did not increase the risk of hypercalcaemia (three events in the vitamin D3 group and two events in the placebo group; relative risk 1·25, 95% CI 0·43-3·66; Fisher's exact p=1·00). 101 hospital admissions were reported in the vitamin D3 group and 94 in the placebo group (incidence rate ratio 1·06, 95% CI 0·80-1·41; p=0·66). Additional research is needed before vitamin D3 supplementation should be considered for implementation in HIV care and treatment programmes for the prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis or mortality. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Obesity and efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy black adults.

Results from recent clinical trials suggest that vitamin D efficacy against cancermay be influenced by body mass index. As suppression of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is one indicator of vitamin D efficacy, we examined to what extent doses of vitamin D3 supplementation suppress PTH levels in individuals with and without obesity. A total of 328 healthy African Americans were randomized into the following four groups and treated for 3months: placebo, 1,000, 2,000, or 4,000IU/day of vitamin D3 supplementation. Among the participants, 250 individuals with PTH measurements were included in the analysis. Obese individuals (n = 141) experienced a steep reduction of 3-month PTH from placebo to 1,000IU/day of vitamin D3 supplementation, but no further reduction at 2,000 or 4,000IU/day. For non-obese individuals (n = 109), the reduction of 3-month PTH was approximately linear for increasing vitamin D3 doses. At supplementation of 2,000 to 4,000IU/day, 3-month 25(OH)vitamin D levels were high in both non-obese and obese individuals, but the 3-month PTH levels remained about 10pg/mL higher in individuals with obesity. Our findings suggest that excess adiposity confers resistance to vitamin D efficacy in suppressing PTH levels, even when given at high doses.

Genetic Variations in VDR could Modulate the Efficacy of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Total Antioxidant Capacity among Breast Cancer Women: A Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial.

Background:Low levels of vitamin D are found in a great part of breast cancer women. Study subjects using vitamin D3 supplement had lower rates of cancers and fewer markers of inflammation. Additionally, recent studies demonstrate the power of vitamin D supplementation to lower inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers associate with VDR polymorphism to reduce inflammation. This study was aimed to assess the impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on the serum concentration of inflammatory markers and antioxidant capacity with regard to VDR polymorphism in the VDR gene in breast cancer women. Methods:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 56 breast cancer women. Participants were assigned to 2 treatment arms: placebo and vitamin D3 for 2 months intervention. Supplementation group received 50,000 IU of vitamin weekly. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after the intervention to measure the 25(OH) D3, TNF-α, TGF- β and TAC. Genotyping was performed for FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphism. Results:After eight weeks supplementation, the intervention group showed a significant increase in the serum concentration of 25(OH) D3 (28±2.6 to 39±3.5; p=0.004 and TAC (48.9±13.3 to 63.5±13.3; p= 0.017). Changes in TNF-α, TGF- β1 were not significant. Serum TAC levels of participants with the TT/Tt, Ff genotypes were more responsive to supplementation. Conclusions:Supplementation with a vitamin D3 increased the TAC in breast cancer women, although it had no effect on inflammatory markers. Serum TAC in the TT/Tt, Ff were more responsive to vitamin D supplement compared with those with the FF/ff and tt genotypes.

The efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in increasing 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in childhood vitiligo patients receiving 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy

Vitamin D deficiency is a condition often found in various autoimmune diseases, including vitiligo. There were clinical improvements in autoimmune patients who had been given oral vitamin D supplementation, as well as vitiligo patients. This study aimed to analyze the comparison effect of a combination therapy of 308-nmexcimer light phototherapy and vitamin D3 supplementation toward 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy alone to increase of serum 25-(OH)D levels in childhood vitiligo patients. Subjects consisted of 16 childhood vitiligo patients that divided into two groups; group I was given a combination of 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy and 5000 IU of vitamin D3 supplement once daily, while group II was given monotherapy of excimer light. There were highly significant increase of 25-(OH)D serum in both groups which were 324.00±119.066% and 29.84±36.106%, respectively. The very significant result was seen in a comparison of average increased of serum 25-(OH)D levels between both groups. The study concluded that combination of 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy and vitamin D3 supplementation gave a better effect than phototherapy only to increase of serum 25- (OH)D levels in childhood vitiligo patients.

Association of free vitamin D3 concentrations and asthma treatment failures in the VIDA Trial

BackgroundUse of vitamin D3 serum concentrations as a biomarker of vitamin D status is questionable because of variation in vitamin D binding protein. ObjectiveTo determine associations between free vitamin D3 concentrations and rates of treatment failure and exacerbations in patients with asthma participating in the Vitamin D Add-on Therapy Enhances Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Asthma (VIDA) trial. MethodsFree concentrations were directly measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and stratified into low, medium, and high groups: less than 5 pg/mL (n = 65), 5 to 9 pg/mL (n = 84), and greater than 9 pg/mL (n = 48) after 12 weeks of supplementation with oral vitamin D3 and associated with outcomes. ResultsOutcomes did not associate with free concentrations: overall treatment failure rates were 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46-0.78), 0.53 (95%CI 0.40- 0.70), and 0.69 (95%CI 0.54-0.90)/person-year (P = .51), respectively; overall exacerbation rates were 0.28 (95%CI 0.17-0.48), 0.15 (95%CI 0.08-0.30) and 0.42 (95%CI 0.27-0.66)/person-year (P = .22). Mean (standard deviation) baseline free concentrations were lower in non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites: 4.10 (1.33) and 4.38 (1.11) pg/mL vs 5.16 (1.65) pg/ml, (P < .001 and P = 0.038), respectively. Mean (standard deviation) baseline free concentrations differed between females and males: 4.57 (1.58) and 5.08 (1.41) (P = .026); and between non-overweight (body mass index [BMI] < 25) and overweight (BMI > 25): 5.45 (1.86) vs 4.54 (1.39) (P < .001). The free fraction differed by race and sex but not by BMI. ConclusionThe use of free concentrations was inferior to total concentrations as a biomarker of efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in VIDA trial participants. Future studies of vitamin D status in patients with asthma should measure both free and total concentrations to better understand which marker of vitamin D function is most informative.

Enteral nutrition and vitamin D3 supplementation on improvement of quality of life in patients with severe neurological impairments

Background and aims: Enteral nutrition (EN) is an important aid for children with severe neurological impairment. This study aims to evaluate the effect of EN by gastrostomy tube on anthropometric parameters and quality of life (QoL). Moreover we evaluated, during EN, the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD).

Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in reducing incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and mortality among HIV-infected Tanzanian adults initiating antiretroviral therapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundHIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa continue to experience high rates of morbidity and mortality during the initial months of treatment. Observational studies in high-income and resource-limited settings indicate that HIV-infected adults with low vitamin D levels may be at increased risk of mortality, HIV disease progression, and incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). As a result, vitamin D3 supplementation may improve survival and treatment outcomes for HIV-infected adults initiating ART.Methods/DesignThe Trial of Vitamins-4 (ToV4) is an individually randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation conducted among 4000 HIV-infected adults with low vitamin D levels [25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <30 ng/mL] initiating ART in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The two primary aims of the trial are to determine the effect of a vitamin D3 supplementation regimen on incidence of (1) mortality and (2) pulmonary TB as compared to a matching placebo regimen. The primary safety outcome of the study is incident hypercalcemia. The investigational vitamin D3 regimen consists of oral supplements containing 50,000 IU vitamin D3 taken under direct observation at randomization and once a week for 3 weeks (four doses) followed by daily oral supplements containing 2000 IU vitamin D3 taken at home from the fourth week until trial discharge at 1 year post ART initiation. Trial participants are followed up at weekly clinic visits during the first month of ART and at monthly clinic visits thereafter until trial discharge at 1 year post ART initiation. Secondary aims of the trial are to examine the effect of the vitamin D3 regimen on CD4 T cell reconstitution, incidence of non-TB comorbidities, body mass index (BMI), depression and anxiety, physical activity, bone health, and immunologic biomarkers.DiscussionThe ToV4 will provide causal evidence on the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on incidence of pulmonary TB and mortality among HIV-infected Tanzanian adults initiating ART. The trial will also give insight to whether vitamin D3 supplementation trials for the prevention of pulmonary TB should be pursued in HIV-uninfected populations.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01798680. Registered on 21 February 2013.

Efficacy of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Osseointegration of Implants

The aim was to systematically review the efficacy of vitamin D3 (VD3) supplementation on the osseointegration of implants. The addressed focused question was "does VD3 supplementation affect osseointegration around implants?" Indexed databases were searched from 1969 up to and including March 2015 using various key words including: "Bone to implant contact"; "implant"; "vitamin D"; and "osseointegration." Letters to the editor, case reports/case series, reviews, and articles published in languages other than English were excluded. The pattern of the present systematic review was customized to primarily summarize the pertinent data. Six experimental studies (4 in rodents and 2 in rabbits) were included. Number of titanium implants placed ranged between 28 and 100 implants. Results from 5 studies showed that VD3 supplementation enhanced new bone formation and/or bone to implant contact (BIC) around implants. One study showed no significant difference in BIC and new bone formation around VD3 coated and noncoated implants. One study reported that insulin therapy with adjunct VD3 supplementation enhances new bone formation around implants in diabetic rats than when insulin replacement therapy is used alone. Efficacy of VD3 supplementation on osseointegration of implants remains controversial and requires further investigations.

1194 CIRCULATING VITAMIN D3 AND INTRA-PROSTATIC CYP27B1 IN PROSTATE TUMORIGENESIS

You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Basic Research VI1 Apr 20101194 CIRCULATING VITAMIN D3 AND INTRA-PROSTATIC CYP27B1 IN PROSTATE TUMORIGENESIS Huei-Ju Ting, James Messing, Carla Beckham, Edward Messing, and Yi-Fen Lee Huei-Ju TingHuei-Ju Ting More articles by this author , James MessingJames Messing More articles by this author , Carla BeckhamCarla Beckham More articles by this author , Edward MessingEdward Messing More articles by this author , and Yi-Fen LeeYi-Fen Lee More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.695AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Epidemiological and preclinical studies suggest vitamin D3 is one of the nutrients effectively inhibiting prostate tumorigenesis. Unfortunately, the concern of systemic side effects from high doses of vitamin D3 limits its application in the general population. Defining the lowest amount of vitamin D3 uptake that can effectively prevent prostate tumorigenesis will establish a guideline for general healthy population. To translate the preventive effect of active form of vitamin D3, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VD) to clinical application, it is necessary to determine the effective dosage of the circulating form of vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-VD) in preventing tumorigenesis. CYP27B1 is the key enzyme converting 25-VD to 1,25-VD; therefore, this autocrine synthesis of 1,25-VD by prostate cells is one profound biochemical mechanism for the vitamin D chemopreventive action. The objective of this proposal is to determine the effective concentration of 25-VD in mediating the chemopreventive effect and elucidate intra-prostate CYP27B1 level as a new biomarker to predict individualism for prostate cancer development and behavior. METHODS The protein expression level of CYP27B1 was detected in several immortalized normal prostate cell lines. The transactivity of vitamin D receptor induced by different concentrations of 25-VD was measured by a reporter assay and Q-PCR which detects target gene expression. The effective concentration of 25-VD in preventing tumorigenesis was examined in carcinogen-induced prostate epithelial cell transformation models. The role of CYP27B1 in mediating the preventive effect of 25-VD was investigated by targeting knockdown of CYP27B1 using shRNA and human prostate tissue microarray (TMA). RESULTS The equivalent concentration of 25-VD that induced the same level of VDR transactivity as 100 nM of 1,25-VD was between 250-350 nM in these cell lines. This equivalent concentration of 25-VD could effectively prevent tumorigenesis in the parental non-malignant prostate epithelial cell line, but not in the CYP27B1 knockdown cell line. Human prostate TMA detected CYP27B1 expresseion in normal prostate, but not in the prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS Here we defined the effective concentration of 25-VD and the role of CYP27B1 in preventing malignant-transformation of prostate epithelial cells. This study provides a guideline for future administration of vitamin D3 supplement and indicates that the individual variation of CYP27B1 expression level could contribute to the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in preventing prostate cancer. Rochester, NY© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 183Issue 4SApril 2010Page: e462-e463 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Huei-Ju Ting More articles by this author James Messing More articles by this author Carla Beckham More articles by this author Edward Messing More articles by this author Yi-Fen Lee More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in preventing fractures in elderly women: A meta-analysis

Background:The efficacy of vitamin D3 in preventing fractures and falls has been explored in a number of clinical trials. However, recent evidence revealed new questions about the adequate doses of vitamin D3 supplementation and its efficacy in fracture prevention independent of calcium supplements for various types of fractures.Objective:To conduct a meta-analysis to estimate the effectiveness of 800 IU daily vitamin D3 supplementation for increasing bone mineral density (BMD) and preventing fractures in postmenopausal women.Methods:Medline and EMBASE were searched for controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) against placebo with or without background calcium supplementation in the treatment of postmenopausal women.Results:Eight controlled trials evaluating the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation with or without calcium were assessed. Of 12 658 women included in a Bayesian meta-analysis, 6089 received vitamin D3 (with or without calcium) and 6569 received placebo (with or without calcium). Compared to placebo, vitamin D3 with calcium supplementation showed beneficial effects on the incidence of non-vertebral (odds ratio [OR] 0.77, 95% credibility limit [CL] 0.6–0.93) and hip (OR 0.70, 95% CL 0.53–0.90) fractures, while the effects on non-vertebral-non-hip fractures (OR 0.84, 95% CL 0.67–1.04) % point increase) were associated with more uncertainty. Vitamin D3 supplementation showed a 70% probability of being a better treatment than placebo for the prevention of non-vertebral fractures, hip fractures, and non-vertebral, non-hip fractures. Compared to calcium supplementation, vitamin D3 plus calcium reduced non-vertebral fractures (OR 0.68, 95% CL 0.43–1.01) and non-vertebral, non-hip fractures (OR 0.64, 95% CL 0.38–0.99), but did not reduce hip fractures (OR 1.03, 95% CL 0.39–2.25). Key limitations to this analysis include a small number of studies and heterogeneity in the study populations.Conclusions:This meta-analysis supports the use of vitamin D3 of 800 IU daily to reduce the incidence of osteoporotic non-vertebral, hip, and non-vertebral-non-hip fractures in elderly women. Vitamin D3 with calcium appears to achieve benefits above those attained with calcium supplementation alone for non-vertebral and non-vertebral-non-hip fractures.