Effect Of Wife Research Articles

Negotiating Work and Family Spheres: The Dyadic Effects of Flexible Work Arrangements on Fertility Among Dual-Earner Heterosexual Couples

Academics and policymakers have suggested making flexible work arrangements (FWAs) the default in workplaces to promote a family-friendly workplace culture conducive to having and raising children. However, systematic research investigating how FWAs, as a long-term approach to negotiating work–family spheres, are related to fertility among dual-earner heterosexual couples is limited. Drawing on the linked-lives perspective, we theorize the relationship between FWAs and fertility among couples and potential variation depending on the interplay of both spouses’ work and family characteristics. We test our hypotheses using longitudinal couple-level dyadic data in the United Kingdom (2010–2022). We find that although FWA availability alone is unrelated to fertility, wives’ (not husbands’) FWA use is significantly associated with a higher probability of experiencing a first birth. Moreover, the effect of wives’ FWA use is particularly pronounced when both spouses work in professional and managerial occupations and when husbands contribute a larger proportion of income and at least equal housework. This study reveals a gendered effect of FWAs on fertility across work–family arrangements, deepening our understanding of couple-level dynamics in the fertility process.

Effect of Wife's at First Marriage on Fertility: A Theoretical Perspective

This study aimed to examine the description of the effect of age at first marriage on fertility. This type of research is a literature study by examining references from books, journals, articles, documents, and data from the Central Statistics Agency. The analytical technique used in this study is qualitative analysis, namely by describing the findings of data and information in the form of narratives and discussions related to the effect of age at first marriage on fertility. The results of this study indicate that the age at first marriage greatly determines fertility or the number of children. If the age at first marriage is high, the number of children will undoubtedly be higher. Therefore, the government must make more preventive and educational efforts for the productive age, especially 17 years and over, to limit the number of births. They have to mature themselves to decide when to get married because it is related to Indonesia's increase and population growth.

An Analysis of Factors Influencing Participation of Men Fertilizer Age Couples to Acceptors of Mop (Male Operating Methods) Contraception

Vasectomy or MOP is a long-term contraceptive intended for men which can be a form of husband participation in contraception and family planning so that family planning is not only the wife's obligation. Until now, there is still a lack of male participation in taking MOP Contraception, as stated in the results of the Family Health Profile survey conducted by the BKKBN in 2019 in the Indonesia Health Profile in 2019 the MOP target is 8.77% and the achievement is very far from the target, which is only 0, 5%. (RI, 2019). This study was conducted to identify Knowledge, Attitudes and Support of Childbearing age Men's Wives in Jati Village, and to determine the effect of Wife's knowledge, attitudes and support on the participation of Childbearing age Men in the use of MOP contraception. The type of research carried out is observational with analytical survey research methods and cross sectional approach with a population of 405 people and a sample of 134 Childbearing age Men. The sampling technique was cluster random sampling. The dependent variable in this study was the participation of Childbearing age Men, while the independent variables were attitudes, knowledge, and wife's support. Bivariate analysis used is Chi Square with 0.05, Multivariate analysis used is Multiple Logistics Regression. Results: Most (72.4%) Childbearing age Men have less knowledge, Almost all (78.4%) Childbearing age men have a negative attitude towards MOP contraception, and Almost all Childbearing age Men (84.3%) do not receive the support of their wives in participating in using MOP contraception. The results of the analysis test showed that there was an influence of knowledge with the participation of male pus in the use of MOP contraception (P value 0.000) , there was an effect of male pus attitude with participation in the use of MOP contraception (P value 0.025) and there was an effect of wife's support with the participation of male pus in the use of MOP contraception. (P value 0.020). The most influential factor is wife's support with an OR value of 21.712. There is an effect of Wife's Knowledge, Attitude and Support with the participation of Childbearing age Men in the use of MOP contraception.

Educational Difference Between Partners and Wife’s Happiness

This paper uses the China Family Panel Studies to investigate the relationship between educational difference between partners and wife’s happiness. Employing some econometric models, this paper finds that the status of wife having more education than husband has a negative impact on wife’s happiness. To alleviate the endogeneity of educational difference, this paper uses an instrument variable approach to identify the causal relationship between them, and obtains conclusions consistent with the baseline regression. Heterogeneous analysis shows that for women who are less educated and subject to external traditional cultural norms, the negative happiness effect of wife having more education than husband is particularly significant. While greatly influenced by traditional cultural norms, these women are not only unwilling but also afraid to deviate from the role orientation of women in the existing social norms. Therefore, once women transcend the traditional norms to have more education than their husbands, their happiness will be reduced.

The Influence of Spouse’s Income on Married Women’s Labor Participation

Gender equality is a hot issue in today’s society, and economic independence is important for women to have more say in her family and the society. This paper examines the effect of spouse’s labor income on married women’s labor participation by using data of CGSS 2015. To give a clear comparison, the paper also examines the effect of wives’ labor income on married men’s labor participation. The result shows that the husband’s labor income share of total family income does have a significantly negative impact on married women, while the wife’s labor income share of total family income doesn’t have a significant impact on married men. Possible explanations and suggestions are proposed to deal with this phenomenon.

Political Difference in Marriage: Wife’s Gender Linked Fate and Relational Conflict

ABSTRACT Increasing political polarization and growing animus toward political outgroup members may strain marriages in which spouses express political differences. For heterosexual married couples, interrelationships among gender, power, and political conflict may be of particular importance. The purpose of this study was to examine heterosexual spouses’ conflicts over political differences as a function of wives’ endorsement of gender-linked fate. Married, heterosexual women completed an online survey. Results demonstrate that in large part, the effect of wives’ gender-linked fate on reported conflict behaviors during political disagreements varies on the basis of husbands’ political party affiliation. Among women married to men who more strongly identify as Republican, greater endorsement of gender-linked fate associates with more pursuit of conflict, more competitive conflict tactics, and greater volatility and asymmetry in couple conflict patterns. When married to Democratic-leaning husbands, wives’ greater endorsement of gender-linked fate associates with more submissiveness during political conflicts.

The Effect of Wife and Husband’ Socioeconomic Status on the Induced Abortion at Their Prime Childbearing Ages

The Effect of Wife and Husband’ Socioeconomic Status on the Induced Abortion at Their Prime Childbearing Ages

The Effect of Wife’s Adultery on Marital Life Comparative Fiqh Study (English Abstract)

Praise be to Allah alone, and prayers and peace be upon who we do not have a prophet after him, and on his family and companions. This study examines the effect of marital adultery on the marital Life in terms of the possibility of continuing it. Is it permissible for a husband to have intercourse with the wife after she has committed adultery, or does she have to prepare or recover after adultery? Should the husband divorce her or not? Among the most important findings of the research is that the wife's adultery ( zina) does not invalidate marriage according to the agreement of the four imams, and it is not permissible for the husband to have intercourse with the wife after she has committed adultery(zina) unless she is sure that the uterus is innocent. God knows best and highest. May Allah bless and bestow peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and disciples.

Social Return to Education: Empirical Study from Dhofar Region in Oman

A model was developed in this paper to examine the effect of wife and husbands' education, mother age, age at first marriage and child mortality on fertility among women in Dhofar Region, Oman. Econometric techniques are applied to examine social returns to female education. Descriptive statistics and ordinary least squares (OLS) methods are used for data analysis. The results suggest that mother’s education, child mortality, mother’s age and age at first marriage are important factors in determining the fertility level. Mother’s education, particularly secondary and university education, are found to have a significant negative impact on fertility, whereas child mortality, mother’s age and age at first marriage have significant positive impact on fertility.

The HRD and the cathexis of married women : structural equation modeling about the effect of wives’ income, satisfaction with marital relationship, and husbands’ housework on the wives’ emotion

The HRD and the cathexis of married women : structural equation modeling about the effect of wives’ income, satisfaction with marital relationship, and husbands’ housework on the wives’ emotion

Education and the empowerment of women in household decision‐making in Spain

AbstractIt was analysed whether investment in the education of both women and men serves to empower wives resulting in more balanced household decisions being taken on matters related to consumption and financial management. They considered that household decision‐making could be made by mainly the wife, mainly the husband or the couple acting jointly. They then applied multinomial probit models to the Spanish Living Conditions Survey of 2010. Results show that, when controlling for demographic, family and labour market characteristics, the level of education of both the husband and wife has a positive effect in terms of a more egalitarian decision‐making process in relation to three areas of expenditure: daily shopping, expensive purchases of consumer durables and significant expenditure on children. However, only women's education has a positive effect on borrowing money and no effect of education is observed with regard to the use of savings. Results are less conclusive for households where decisions are taken primarily by the wife or husband, since men's education increases the role of husbands in the household making‐decision process whereas no effect of wives' education is observed.

Retirement Reconsidered: Labor Force Participation of Older Men in the United States

<p>The objectives of this article are two fold. Changes in older men’s labor force participation in the United States are first described focusing on human capital and demographic variables. A model of the labor/leisure choice and the retirement decision of older menare then estimated employing Maximum Likelihood Probit. While changes in Social Security Benefit rules are a significant factor in explaining the trend of rising retirement age among older men, the focus here is on additional factors that contribute to older men’s decision to forestall retirement. Probit coefficient estimates for three distinct age cohorts verify the effects of hypothesized determinants of the decision to retire. Specifically, the coefficient on estimated earnings is negative and hasthe largest marginal effect on the decision to retire followed by years of education and retired wife. The effects of wives’ retirement decision will likely influence and forestall the retirement decision of married men as more working women reach retirement age. The rise in labor force participation rates of older men may offset rather than reverse the decline in men’s labor force participation rates that began more than a half century ago.</p>

Profiles of Higher Earning Wives in Hong Kong and the Implications for Marital Satisfaction

Higher earning wives are emerging as a global phenomenon; however, the profiles of higher earning wives and the implications for marital satisfaction remain unknown in Hong Kong. On the basis of a representative household survey of 689 Hong Kong Chinese couples in 2012, this study aimed to explore the profiles of higher earning wives in Hong Kong and examine the effect of wives’ income advantage on the couples’ marital satisfaction. Results indicated that higher earning wives were clustered into 2 groups. One group of higher earning wives was older, was better educated, held managerial and professional jobs, and lived in high-income families compared with lower earning wives. The other group of higher earning wives was not well educated, held nonprofessional jobs, and lived in low-income families. Higher earning wives reported similar marital satisfaction with lower earning wives as well as their husbands. However, higher earning wives with nonprofessional jobs and from low-income families reported lower life and marital satisfaction than did those with better socioeconomic status. The implications of these findings are discussed.

The Role of Willingness to Sacrifice on the Relationship Between Urban Chinese Wives’ Relative Income and Marital Quality

The economic contributions of urban women are salient in contemporary China; however, the effect of wives’ relative income to family income on marital quality remains unknown in the Chinese context. On the basis of a survey of 763 urban Chinese women, this study aimed to examine the role of willingness to sacrifice in the relation between wives’ relative income and marital quality. The results through hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that higher-earning wives reported lower marital happiness and higher marital instability compared with lower- and equal-earning wives, although these associations were only significant to a small extent. Wives’ willingness to sacrifice was positively associated with marital happiness and negatively associated with marital instability. In addition, their willingness to sacrifice could buffer the negative effect of relative income on marital happiness as well as the positive effect on marital instability, especially when the wives earn more than their husbands do. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Labor and Love: Wives' Employment and Divorce Risk in its Socio-Political Context

We theorize how social policy affects marital stability vis-à-vis macro and micro effects of wives' employment on divorce risk in 11 Western countries. Correlations among 1990s aggregate data on marriage, divorce, and wives' employment rates, along with attitudinal and social policy information, seem to support specialization hypotheses that divorce rates are higher where more wives are employed and where policies support that employment. This is an ecological fallacy, however, because of the nature of the changes in specific countries. At the micro level, we harmonize national longitudinal data on the most recent cohort of wives marrying for the first time and find that the stabilizing effects of a gendered division of labor have ebbed. In the United States with its lack of policy support, a wife's employment still significantly increases the risk of divorce. A wife's employment has no significant effect on divorce risk in Australia, Flanders, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. In Finland, Norway, and Sweden, wives' employment predicts a significantly lower risk of divorce when compared with wives who are out of the labor force. The results indicate that greater policy support for equality reduces and may even reverse the relative divorce risk associated with a wife's employment.

Wives’ Relative Income and Marital Quality in Urban China: The Role of Perceived Equity

The debate over the association between wives’ relative income (WRI) and marital quality remain controversial in the west; however, this important research area has been surprisingly under-studied against the backdrop of the fast socioeconomic transition in contemporary China. Using 763 urban Chinese wives, this study examined both the mediating and the moderating role of perceived equity between WRI and marital quality. Hierarchical multiple regression indicated that urban Chinese wives’ relative income had a negative impact on their marital happiness and a positive impact on marital instability to a small extent. The mediating role of perceived equity was not supported in this study; however, perceived equity could buffer the positive effect of wives’ relative income on marital instability, especially for higher-earning wives. This study contributes to understanding wives’ socioeconomic resources and marital quality from an equity perspective in the Chinese context and generates implications for cross-cultural research on perceived equity. It also serves for marital counseling on improving higher-earning wives’ perception of fairness as well as family–friendly policy making.

Wives’ Relative Income and Marital Satisfaction among the Urban Chinese Population: Exploring Some Moderating Effects

In contemporary urban China, the employment of married women has led to wives making an economic contribution to the family in both absolute and relative terms. However, little is known about the effect of wives’ relative income on marital satisfaction in the Chinese context. This study aims to address two key questions: (a) is wives’ relative income associated with marital satisfaction in the Chinese population? (b) Is this association dependent on any condition? Hierarchical multiple regression, using the data of 272 men and 340 women from five large cities in the 2004 Chinese Urban Household Survey, indicates that, after controlling for other variables, wives’ income relative to household income is negatively associated with marital satisfaction. We also find that this association has more negative impact on married women than married men. The implications of this study for further research and practice are discussed.

Wives’ Work Hours and Marital Dissolution: Differential Effects across Marital Duration

In this article, I ask: Does the effect of wives’ work hours on marital dissolution change across marital duration? Using the first two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH), I find only weak evidence that wives’ work hours are associated with higher marital dissolution. The effect, however, is more positive and significant among long-term marriages. In addition, this study also tests whether couples’ gender ideology and marital interaction explain this differential effect of wives’ work hours. The results suggest that couples’ gender ideology does not account for this differential effect of wives’ work hours. The more positive effect among long-term marriages, however, is reduced to insignificance as soon as a marital interaction measure is introduced into the model. This study contributes to broader research in two ways. Despite the weak effect of wives’ work hours on marital dissolution, the buffering effect of marital duration challenges the prior assumption that the effect of wives’ work hours is invariant across marital duration. Second, this study suggests that the more positive effect of wives’ work hours on marital dissolution among long-term marriages can be attributed to couples’ marital interaction in these marriages becoming more important in mediating the effect of wives’ work hours. Given these results, this study suggests that future research should consider the buffering effect of marital duration in understanding the determinants of marital dissolution.

THE EQUALIZING EFFECT OF WIVES' EARNINGS ON INEQUALITIES IN EARNINGS AMONG HOUSEHOLDS

ABSTRACT Since the 1970s, inequalities in earnings among men have risen in many countries. In the same period, married women's labour force participation has increased. This may affect inequality in household earnings in three ways, related to (a) the degree of inequality in women's earnings, (b) the share of women's earnings of total household earnings, and (c) the correlation of wife's and husband's earnings. Using Annual Norwegian Labour Force Surveys 1974–2004, with added register data on earnings, we find an equalizing effect of wives' earnings over time. Empirical analysis and simulations of hypothetical developments in household earnings inequality show that women's labour supply is the main explanation for these trends.

妻の家計貢献が夫の性別役割分業意識に及ぼす影響

妻の家計貢献が夫の性別役割分業意識に及ぼす影響